The

circulatory
system
MYP 3- Unit 2- The
Human Body systems.
The human body are defined by the functions they perform and act as a machine.

Working in groups and after watching the video come up with your
idea of how the human body is a machine made of various parts.
Identify the different systems in the body and their functions
 To develop our
understanding of Identify main
the structure and organs of the
function of circulatory
circulatory system.
Learning system.

Objectives Understand the To understand the

structure and components and
function of the function of blood
heart? and immunity.
 Vocabulary

Aorta - the main artery in mammals that carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to all the branch arteries in
the body except those in the lungs.
Arteries - a blood vessel that is part of the system carrying blood under pressure from the heart to the rest of the
body.
Atrium - one of the upper chambers of the heart that takes blood from the veins and pumps it into a ventricle.
Capillaries - an extremely narrow thin-walled blood vessel that connects small arteries arterioles with small veins to
form a network throughout the body.
Carbon dioxide - a heavy, colourless, odourless gas.
Cells - the cell is the basic unit of life. Some organisms are made up of a single cell, like bacteria, while others are made
up of trillions of cells. Human beings are made up of cells, too.
Circulatory - relating to the circulation of the blood.
Complex - made up of many interrelated parts.
Contractions - a tightening or narrowing of a muscle, organ, or other body part.
Nutrients - a substance that provides nourishment.
Organ - a complete and independent part of a plant or animal that has a specific function.
Oxygen - a colourless, odourless gas that is essential for plant and animal respiration.
Perish - to come to an end or cease to exist.
Pulse - the regular expansion and contraction of an artery, caused by the heart pumping blood through the body.
Transporting - to carry somebody or something from one place to another.
Veins - a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart.
Waste - unwanted or unusable remains, or by-products.
 Writing task..What makes a delivery system efficient?
Imagine you are in-charge of a
package delivery service.
• What things might make your job harder?
• What things might make your job easier?
• What would be the most important parts of
a successful delivery company?
Write a paragraph to explain your ideas, and
include any lists, diagrams, or drawings that
help your explanation.
 Our
transportation
system
Think pair
share

What is the function of the

circulatory system?
Essential questions..

What is the function of the

circulatory system.
What are the main organs of the
circulatory system.
What is the function of the heart?
Why is the heart divided into
chambers?
What is the function of the blood?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
_qmNCJxpsr0&t=181s
Watch the video
https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.stru.circulator/from-the-heart/
10 MINUTES
As you watch the video, answer the following questions:
1) The red blood cell ride the highways of the _____________ _____________.
2) What shape comes to mind when you hear the word circulatory?
3) What circulates around our bodies every day?
4) What is the name given to the small "tunnels" found in our bodies?
5) What do arteries carry? What do veins carry?
6) How does our blood move?
7) At least how many times does your heartbeat?
8) Name all the "rooms" found in the heart.
9) What do red blood cells need to pick up before making deliveries? Where do they
pick up this package?
10) What color does the red blood cell change to after it's dropped oxygen?
11) What does the red blood cell pick up after it's dropped off all its oxygen?
12) Where does this new package end up in? What do you think the lungs do with this
package?
HeartBeat
Calculator
The Pathway of Blood

12 of 36 © Boardworks Ltd 2006

Structure of
the Heart
Structure of the heart..
 What is carried by the circulatory system?
Which gases are transported to and from the body’s cells
by the blood flowing in the circulatory system?

carbon
dioxide
oxygen

Oxygen is the gas needed for respiration and is transported

to the body’s cells.
Carbon dioxide is the waste gas produced by respiration
that must be carried away from the body’s cells.
Two types of blood

The circulatory system carries two types of blood:

oxygen-rich oxygen-poor
blood blood

 blood travelling  blood travelling

c
to the body cells away from the body cells
 high oxygen content  low oxygen content
 low carbon dioxide  high carbon dioxide
content content

The arrangement of the circulatory system means that these

two types of blood do not mix. Why is this important?
At the heart of the circulatory system

The heart is the organ at the centre of the circulatory system.

It pumps blood around the body.

How are the two types of blood (oxygen-rich and

oxygen-poor) kept apart inside the heart?
Inside the heart

The inside of the heart is divided into two sections so that

the two types of blood (oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor)
are kept apart.

right side left side

of the heart of the heart
oxygen-poor oxygen-rich
blood blood

Remember that the heart is always labelled as if it is in a

body facing you, so the right side of the heart is on the
left of the diagram.
The two sides of the heart
The structure of the heart – exterior

The heart pumps blood around the circulatory system.

What is the heart made of?

muscle
tissue

The heart is made of muscle and keeps pumping blood

around your body, even when you are asleep!
What do the blood vessels on the outside of the heart do?
The heart needs blood too!

The heart is full of blood but also needs its own blood
supply so that the muscle can keep pumping.

blood vessels
muscle
supply blood
tissue
to muscle tissue

The blood vessels on the outside of the heart carry

oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle cells.
Oxygen-poor blood is then carried away from these
cells by outer blood vessels and back into the heart.
The structure of the heart – interior

The inside of the heart is divided into two sections to keep

oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood separate.
Each side of the heart is also divided into two sections.

right side left side

of the heart of the heart

Each section of the heart is called a chamber.

How many chambers are there?
4
The chambers of the heart

The four chambers of the heart have special names:

An upper chamber is called an atrium (plural atria).

right left
atrium atrium

right left
ventricle ventricle

A lower chamber is called a ventricle.

What do atria and ventricles do?

The chambers of the heart have different functions.

blood to blood to
the lungs the body

blood from blood from

the body the lungs

The atria collect blood that enters the heart.

The ventricles pump blood out of the heart.
Inside the heart – labelling activity
Chambers of the heart – activity
Preventing backflow

Blood always flows in the same direction as it moves

through the heart during each circulation of the body.

Why is it important that blood does not flow backwards?

Heart valves

The chambers of the heart are separated by valves

which prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction.

valve leading valve leading

out of out of
right ventricle left ventricle

valve between valve between

right atrium and left atrium and
right ventricle left ventricle

There are valves between the atria and the ventricles…

…and there are valves leading out of the ventricles.
Naming the heart valves
Do I remember the parts?? Find out !
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 1:
A heartbeat begins
with the heart muscle
relaxed and valves
closed.
Blood flows into the two
atria and both sides fill
up with blood.
This blood has to be
pushed through the
valves to get into the
ventricles. How does
this happen?
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 2:
The atria contract and
the blood is squeezed
which causes the
valves leading to the
ventricles to open.
Blood then flows from
the atria into the
ventricles.
What happens to the
open valves when the
atria are empty?
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 2 (continued):
The valves between
the atria and the
ventricles close.
This prevents any
backflow.

What happens next

to the blood in the
ventricles?
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 3:
Almost immediately,
the ventricles contract
and the blood is
squeezed again.
The pressure of the
blood forces open the
valves leading out of
the heart.
Blood is pumped out
of the heart.
What happens to the
open valves when the
ventricles are empty?
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 3 (continued):
When the ventricles
are empty, the valves
leading out of the
heart close and the
heart muscle relaxes.
This completes the
sequence of
contraction and
relaxation in one
heartbeat.
What will happen
next?
Stages of a heartbeat

Stage 1 (again):
The atria fill up with
blood as the heartbeat
sequence begins
again.

Why are the walls

of the atria thinner
than the walls of
the ventricles?

Why is the wall of the

left ventricle thicker
than the right
ventricle?
Listening to a beating heart: lub-dub

What does a doctor hear when they listen to a patients’ heart?

lub-dub, lub-dub, lub-dub, lub-dub, lub-dub, lub-dub…
The sound of a heartbeat is the sound of the heart valves.

The “lub” is caused by The “dub” is caused by

the closing of the valves the closing of the valves
leading to the ventricles. leading out of the heart.
Pathway of Circulation

LUNGS

BODY
VENA CAVA
Pathway of Circulation
6 Superior
Superior Vena Cava
Vena Cava

12 13
14
8
Pulmonary
5 Artery
Pulmonary
Vein
7
9

It takes about 1 min.

1
for blood to make 1
complete cycle
2
11
And so on… Inferior Vena Cava
14
3 10
Inferior Vena Cava

4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRd3K6L
khWs
Working of the heart…
The Heart Jigsaw puzzle
• Description:
Solve the jigsaw
puzzle as quickly as
you can
Quiz Time

https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/csquiz.html
Thinking
Time.
Why is the heart divided into
Chambers?
Is the circulation single loop or
double loop?
What do you think could be
some of the advantages and
disadvantages?
Formative - Let’s check our understanding..
Diseases of the circulatory system