GOOD DAY SCIENCE

STUDENTS

PREPARED BY: CLLIYR PADIN

RECAPITULATION
 FACTORS OF AFFECTING
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
(CONTROL FIRE, POLLUION
AND CORROSION)
IF ANCIENT PEOPLE DIDN’T
DISCOVERED FIRE, WHAT
WOULD BE THE EFFECT OF
THIS TO OUR TIME?
WHAT IS FIRE?

Fire is the visible effect of the process of

combustion – a special type of chemical
reaction.

It occurs between oxygen, a non-metal –

symbol O, atomic number 8. Oxygen is a
gas found in the air.
The oldest fire recorded on Earth
has been identified from charcoal
in rocks formed during the late
Silurian Period, around 420
million years ago. We know that
there were also periods through
Earth history when oxygen levels
in the atmosphere were higher
than today.
What will happen if there is
more oxygen on Earth?

accelerate combustion processes, leading to

faster spread of fires and oxidation of
biodegradable materials.

Oxygen toxicity
What are the elements
in creating a fire?
Benefits of fire….
Only in the last century has fire in the forest
been considered “bad.” However, it also
welcome necessary changes.

Fire changes the composition and density of

the forest creating openings for more fire
resistant trees and stimulating regeneration.
Fire also creates early plant successional stages
that benefit many species of wildlife.
When extraordinary amounts of fuel are present, a
fire’s intensity may increase beyond the beneficial
point. Soils can be overheated and root systems
damaged. Living tree crowns may be completely
destroyed.
Controlling fires by replicating the natural scheme
is accomplished with fuel management. In areas
where management objectives require
reproducing natural communities, the use of
prescribed fire is an effective fuel management
tool.
In Oklahoma, fire is used for a number of natural resource
management objectives including:

Reduce fuel accumulations

Periodic burning reduces the annual fuel accumulation
in forests and grasslands reducing fire intensity and creating
an ecosystem less susceptible to catastrophic wildfire.
Improve wildlife habitat
Periodic burning improves habitat for Oklahoma
wildlife by modifying cover, and food quality and volume.
Increase biodiversity
Periodic burning induces environmental changes
that result in plant and animal communities that are
adapted to fire.
Control hardwood encroachment
Periodic burning also helps control hardwood
encroachment onto old fields and into managed pine
stands.
Control eastern redcedar
Without maintenance, some Oklahoma landscapes
begin to shift towards a juniper forest type. This forest
type was historically restricted to north slopes, canyons
and rock outcrops where fire didnt burn regularly.
 How do we control fire?
For fires involving electrical equipment and
inflammable materials like petrol, carbon dioxide
(CO2) is the best extinguisher. CO2, being heavier
than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket. Since
the contact between the fuel and oxygen is cut off,
the fire is controlled.
 How can we prevent and control fire? Below are the
ways to prevent fire incidents
 Avoid unattended or careless use of candles. No open flames
are allowed inside any Tufts University building.
 Keep BBQ grills at least 10 feet from the house.
 Do not disable smoke or CO detectors.
 Do not smoke indoors.
 Do not leave your cooking unattended.
Fire can be extinguished in 3 ways:

 By removing the fuel.

 By removing the heat.
 By cutting off the air supply to the burning
substance.
 What is strict fire control?

Strict fire control aims to avoid any wildfires or

controlled fires and keep people safe. The advantage
of strict fire control is that they do not provoke any
fires and prevent controlled fires to get out of hand.
Does fire cause pollution?
But the longer-term impact of
wildfires is not just on human
health, but the health of the
planet as a whole. Burning
forests and peat release huge
amounts of carbon dioxide
and other greenhouse gases
into the atmosphere.
The destruction this leads to is undeniable.
Swathes of forest and peatland are destroyed.
Countless animals caught up in the flames and
smoke perish. And when the flames reach areas
inhabited by people, they can claim many lives
and homes of those unlucky enough to be caught
in their path.
 How can we control pollution (air) in today’s
world?
 Use Public Transportation. Use your vehicle a lot less often.
 Drive Smart.
 Do Regular Car Check-Up.
 Keep Car Tires Properly Inflated.
 Buy Energy-Efficient Vehicles.
 Plant a Garden.
 Use Low-VOC or Water-based Paints.
 Consider “going green”
Today, the air that we breathe is full of toxic and
hazardous pollutants. Pollution in the environment could
leave mother earth sapped of its beauty and biodiversity.
Each year millions of people die all around the world due
to different pollution related problems. The key to living
a healthy life is to identify the sources of air pollution and
implement practical ways so that you can help stop air
pollution
 Does fire cause corrosion?

Corrosion of metal surfaces is usually

associated purely with acid gases. It is well
known, however, that all structural elements
(even noncombustible ones) present in a fire
are heavily corroded by it, whatever the
materials involved in the fire
 What is corrosion?
Corrosion is the process of decay on a material caused by
a chemical reaction with its environment. Corrosion of
metal occurs when an exposed surface comes in contact
with a gas or liquid, and the process is accelerated by
exposure to warm temperature, acids, and salts.
aluminum tool is also preserve
very well most likely the iron
now will appear in the worse
condition. this is because of
the corrosion. Corrosion is
describe as a formation of
compounds on the surface of a
metal when it is to air, water
and to electrolyte like salt
water.
 Effects of corrosion
Some of the effects of corrosion include a
significant deterioration of natural and historic
monuments as well as increase the risk of
catastrophic equipment failures. Air pollution
causes corrosion, and it’s becoming worse
worldwide.
There are several ways you can prevent corrosion from pollutants
that cannot be removed at the source. First, you can use surface
treatments on all metals to protect them from airborne
pollutants. Second, you can galvanize all metal products, which
makes them more resistant to corrosion. And third, you can
invest in high efficiency air filters (compact filters, scrubbers
and media) to improve your indoor air quality and eliminate
harmful pollutants that contribute to corrosion processes.