Professional Documents
Culture Documents
0 - Six Sigma Project Template
0 - Six Sigma Project Template
YOUR NAME
1
Project Goal D M A I C
2
© OpEx Learning
Six Sigma Team Members D M A I C
3
© OpEx Learning
Six Sigma Project Tracking D M A I C
Project Y’s are: TRACKING: The Project Tracking planning tools shows the planned dates in which each of these
phases should be completed.
Project Y Business Stakeholder
Project Charter
Selected Impact Link Requirements
Define +n -n
Initial FMEA
Multi-Vari Meach date box refers
Keep in mind the number in the top right corner for
Studies to the number of days behind schedule or ahead of time.
Completed - On time A
Analyze
Completed - Behind
DOE (or other Mistake Started I
Final FMEA
tool) Proofing
C
• Green Checks with no top corner numbers mean their activities were completed exactly on
Improve
the day expected to be completed.
• Green Checks with negative numbers mean the activity was completed before expected (E.g.
Hand Off Final Final Project
Control Plan Process MapOwner
was completed
Sign-offone day in advance would get a Green -1)
Training Capability Report
• Red Checks with positive numbers indicate delay (E.g., If Multi-Vari studies took 2 days more
Control than planned, they would get a Red +2)
• Yellow Checks mean currently working on this step.
• White Checks mean not working there yet, but already planned.
4
© OpEx Learning
Project Charter D M A I C
5
© OpEx Learning
Baseline Data D M A I C
BASELINE DATA:
Show the initial information, as well as what is the goal after the project is
finalized.
Show the real current numbers your project is dealing with. Specify for
which period of time are you using this data.
6 6
© OpEx Learning
High Level Process Map D M A I C
A
I
C
BIG Project Y
INPUTS OUTPUTS
Men Y1
Machines Y2
Materials Y3
Methods
Measures
Mother Earth
Process Name
HIGH LEVEL MAP: Fill the High-Level Process Map to get the General Picture of the process. You may find the template in the
Belt’s Support Folder.
7
© OpEx Learning
High Level Process Map: SIPOC – R (Optional) D M A I C
SIPOC-R
Process Name
Project Y1
Step 1
Project Y2
Step 2
Project Y3
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
OPTIONAL – SIPOC-R: The SIPOCR is used as a “Macro Process Map” to keep the team focused on what is
important to the project’s success by identifying key Inputs and outputs of the Process. This may be used as your
High-Level map.
8
© OpEx Learning
Detailed Process Map D M A I C
Input 1
Input 2
Input 3
Input 4
Input 5 Process Step 2
Input 6
Input 7
Input 8
Input 1
Input 2
Input 3
Input 4
Input 5 Process Step 3
Input 6
Input 7
Input 8 DETAILED PROCESS MAP: should show inputs (Xs), and Outputs (Ys) for each process Step. The “Type” column should specify if
the input is a Controlled or an Uncontrolled Factor. You may find the template in the Belt’s Support Folder.
9
© OpEx Learning
C&E Matrix D M A I C
Project Name
Cause and Effect Matrix
Rating of Importance to Customer >>
Process/Product
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
(FMEA)
Process or
Prepared by: Page ____ of ____
Product Name:
Key Process
Process Step Potential Failure Mode Potential Failure Effects SEV Potential Causes OCC Current Controls DET RPN Actions Recommended Resp. Actions Taken SEV OCC DET RPN
Input
What is the What is the Key In what ways does the Key What is the impact on the Key What causes the Key Input to go What are the existing controls and What are the actions for Who is responsible What are the
Customer?
fixes. month/year
0 0
0 0
0 0
PRELIMINARY FMEA: Fill the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis for your current process. Consider you must score with a
0 0
team Severity, Occurrence and Detection for each potential failure mode. Remember you may go back to the FMEA at
the end of the Project to update it based on the improvements done. You may find0the template in the Belt’s Support 0
Folder. 0 0
11 0 0
© OpEx Learning
Measurement Systems Analysis - Manufacturing D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
Gage R&R (ANOVA) Report for Height Gage Run Chart of Height by Part, Operator
• Analyze your current Measurement System to Reported by:
Reported by:
Gage name: Tolerance:
verify if the data can be trusted. Date of study: Misc: Gage name:
Date of study:
Tolerance:
Misc:
• requireR&R
A Gage the use of awas
Study Gageconducted
R&R to validate our the
under data % Study Var
% Tolerance
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Operator
Percent
30
50 1
reliability, based on %Study Var and %Tolerance. 2
following conditions: 0
Gage R&R Repeat Reprod Part-to-Part
15
1 2 3 4 5
Part
6 7 8 9 10
40 3
R Chart by Operator 35
– X Samples 1 2 3
45
Height by Operator
Sample Range
4
30
Height
UCL=3.049
2 30
–
_
Y Operators 0
R=0.933
LCL=0
15
25
Part 1 2 3
Mean
– Z Replicates 45
1
Xbar Chart by Operator
2 3
Operator
Sample Mean
45
Operator 15
Average
UCL=23.96
X=22.2 3
LCL=20.44 30
15 10
Tolerance Part
15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Panel variable: Part
Operator
Part
SLIDE ACTION:
• Data validation could be used as well, especially
for non-manufacturing processes. You must show
which reliable source is being used to extract the
data.
• The following information describes the
results when the team looked at the
available data or prepared to collect new
data to determine if the data was good
enough for analytical purposes.
• Initial Recommendations:
– A
– B
– C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your baseline graphical summary in area
provided.
• Describe your SPC Chart. I-M R C hart of Delivery Time to Target
• X data points were collected from Y UC L=30.49
Individual Value
• An I-MR Chart was developed with this _
X=5.14
information in order to verify… 0
• Initial Recommendations:
Moving Range
20
– A
__
– B 10 MR=9.53
– C 0 LC L=0
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46
O bserv ation
14
© OpEx Learning
Normality Test D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your baseline graphical summary in area
provided. Probability Plot of Delivery Time to Target_1
• Describe the result of your Normality Test. Normal
99
• X data points were collected from Y Mean -4.085
StDev 0.1204
month to Z month, and graphed. N 12
95 AD 0.307
• An Anderson Darling Test was developed P-Value 0.512
90
with this information in order to verify…
80
• According to the p-value, the data shown 70
is ___________ 60
Percent
50
• Initial Recommendations: 40
– 30
A
20
– B
10
– C
5
1
-4.4 -4.3 -4.2 -4.1 -4.0 -3.9 -3.8
Delivery Time to Target_1
15
© OpEx Learning
Capability Analysis D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your baseline graphical summary in area
Process Capability Report for Optical measurement at bushing
provided.
• Describe your process baseline performance. LSL USL
Process Data Overall
LSL 36.35 Within
• Upon collection of baseline data, the Target
USL
*
36.45 Overall Capability
Sample Mean 36.4281 Pp 0.33
current process is operating at an Sample N 42 PPL 0.52
StDev(Overall) 0.0498895 PPU 0.15
average of __ (cycle time, defects, StDev(Within) 0.0391368 Ppk 0.15
Cpm *
% defective) Potential (Within) Capability
• According to current process Cp
CPL 0.67
0.43
Performance
RemoveObserved
this example
Expected Overall Expected Within
% < LSL 0.00 5.87 2.30
Measure
% > USL Capability
26.19 of the
33.03 current 28.78
process (Without any improvements). If the
Process is not currently capable it is ok, this is why we are doing a Six Sigma
% Total 26.19 38.91 31.08
Project.
16
© OpEx Learning
Data Collection Plan D M A I C
How will the data be used? How will the data be displayed?
DATA COLLECTION PLAN: What data needs to be collected for this project? What are the procedures whereby this data will be collected? Completing
a data collection plan with the project team will help develop a common understanding of what data needs to be collected along with all other
aspects of the data collection effort. It is likely that the team will discover some areas of data collection they might not have considered if they had
not walked through the development of a Data Collection Plan.
17
© OpEx Learning
Collected Data D M A I C
Unit Defect
Dept Processor Day AM/PM Y - Time
Number Type
1 1 A MON AM Simple 20
2 1 B MON AM Minor 25
3 2 A WED PM Major 37
4 2 A TUES AM Simple 16
5 3 C FRI PM Simple 19
6 2 B THUR PM Minor 25
7 1 C SAT AM Major 38
8 3 C SAT PM Major 36
9 2 A SUN AM Simple 17
10 1 B TUES AM Minor 26
11 2 A FRI PM Minor 27
12 2 C THUR PM Simple 18
13 1 B SAT AM Major 35
14 2 A MON PM Major 34
15 2 C WED PM Simple 19
16 3 C WED AM Minor 26
SLIDE ACTION:
17 3 A SUN AM Minor 22
• Replace the example with a
18 1 B SUN PM Major 39
Required deliverable for the MEASURE phase – Baseline Performance Data: the data collection plan should drive what data is collected. The
arrangement of that data is an important element for establishing baseline performance and especially for future analysis. For example, the data
must be maintained in time order if over time performance is to be evaluated. The appropriate detail must be present that will allow questions to be
answered about sources of variability.
18
© OpEx Learning
Multi-Vari Studies D M A I C
45
100
to determine critical X’s: 55
90 555
– A 80
–
Brightness
B
Thickness
70 550
– C 60
50 545
80 100
• Hypothesis Tests were conducted to 300
90
Percent
60
Counts
test significance of the following:
Individual Value
200 80
40 _
70
– Ho: 100
20 60
X=68.2
– Ha: 0 0
50
Defects 40
30
LCL=23.1
20
Counts 274 59 43 19 10 18
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33
Percent 64.8 13.9 10.2 4.5 2.4 4.3
MULTI-VARI STUDIES: With the initial data, find your pain points using Multi-Vari Studies. Remember, you will not work
Cum % 64.8 78.7 88.9 93.4 95.7 100.0 Observation
on every input, only in the few Critical Xs that affect your Y. You may add more slides if required. Depending on your
data you may show: Hypothesis Testing, Correlation and Regression, Chi-Square Tests, ANOVA, t-tests, etc.
19
© OpEx Learning
Analysis of Value (Optional) D M A I C
Customers Receiving Staff Testing Staff Review Staff Admin Staff Customer
Nat Customers
Receive Samples
Only
Review Results
Nat & EIA Y
Samples Prioritize/Organize
Customers Acceptable
Samples
?
Initiate QA
Occurrence Report
Prepare Reports
21
© OpEx Learning
Root Cause Analysis: Cause & Effect Diagram (Optional) D M A I C
x
x
Why?
x x x
OPTIONAL – RCA (Root Cause Analysis) Tools: Try to understand possible root cause(s) of the problem. You may use the 5 Whys technique
as well. It is recommended to go through any RCA tool with a team.
22
© OpEx Learning
Root Cause Analysis Summary (Optional) D M A I C
OPTIONAL - Root Cause Analysis Summary: What does the team see as the primary root causes of poor process performance? A
cause-and-effect diagram is just one of several tools that can be used to assess the root causes, along with statistical analysis.
After doing the cause-and-effect diagram with all of its discussion, along with statistical analysis, this is the key summary of the
root causes for poor process performance. From this list comes our solutions to counteract the root causes!
Identify
Determine Root Identify Final Pilot Implement
Potential
Causes Solutions Solutions Solutions
Solutions
23
© OpEx Learning
Improvement Plan D M A I C
8
IMPROVEMENT PLAN: Once the critical Xs have been identified, work on the improvement plan. You can use DOEs
9
and/or mistake proofing in this phase. Update the FMEA according to the new process. Use the same format provided in
the Belt’s support material.
10
24
© OpEx Learning
Improved Process Stability D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your Improved graphical summary in
area provided.
• Describe your SPC Chart. I-M R C hart of AIR C ompletion Time Staged by Baseline/After
• X data points were collected from Y Ba se line A fter
800
month to Z month, and graphed.
600
Individual Value
• An I-MR Chart was developed with this
400
information in order to verify…
200
• The I-MR chart graphically shows the UC
_ L=183.8
X=92.3
stability in the __ process output Y. 0 LC L=0.7
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34
• Final Recommendations: O bserv ation
– A Ba se line A fter
600
– B
450
– C
Moving Range
300
150
UC
__ L=112.5
MR=34.4
0 LC L=0
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34
O bserv ation
25
© OpEx Learning
Updated Normality Test D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your Improved graphical summary in
area provided. Probability Plot of Delivery Time to Target_1
• Describe the result of your Normality Test. Normal
99
• X data points were collected from Y Mean -4.085
StDev 0.1204
month to Z month, and graphed. N 12
95 AD 0.307
• An Anderson Darling Test was developed P-Value 0.512
90
with this information in order to verify…
80
• According to the p-value, the data shown 70
is ___________ 60
Percent
50
• Final Recommendations: 40
– 30
A
20
– B
10
– C
5
1
-4.4 -4.3 -4.2 -4.1 -4.0 -3.9 -3.8
Delivery Time to Target_1
26
© OpEx Learning
Improved Capability Analysis D M A I C
SLIDE ACTION:
• Place your Improved graphical summary in
area provided
• Describe your process baseline performance
27
© OpEx Learning
Previous State vs. Improved State (Optional) D M A I C
BEFORE AFTER
The original condition showed _ steps, from which The current condition shows an improvement of _%
_% represent waste. which is the reduction of _ of steps in the process.
COMPARISONS (Optional):
Compare the process improved before and after. Describe the main changes.
E.g.,
Baseline: 143 Steps
Improved Process: 30 Steps
Process Time Reduced from 32 days to 7 hours. 28
© OpEx Learning
Previous Capability vs. Improved Capability D M A I C
BEFORE AFTER
Capacidad del Proceso para Plástico Dañado OE16 BR166 A1 Jul-Dic 2015
LSL USL
Process Data Overall
LSL 0 Within
Target *
USL 0.24 Overall Capability
Sample Mean 0.71 Pp 0.21
Sample N 6 PPL 1.21
StDev(Overall) 0.195038 PPU -0.80
StDev(Within) 0.180851 Ppk -0.80
Cpm *
Potential (Within) Capability
Cp 0.22
CPL 1.31
CPU -0.87
Cpk -0.87
Performance
Observed Expected Overall Expected Within
PPM < LSL 0.00 136.16 43.21
PPM > USL 1000000.00 992018.95 995322.81
PPM Total 1000000.00 992155.11 995366.01
The original condition showed the following result: The new improved condition shows the following result:
OPTIONAL: You may also compare the process capability before and after the Improvement. Describe the main changes.
Remove the images from this example.
29
© OpEx Learning
Final FMEA D M A I C
Process/Product
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
(FMEA)
Process or
Prepared by: Page ____ of ____
Product Name:
Key Process
Process Step Potential Failure Mode Potential Failure Effects SEV Potential Causes OCC Current Controls DET RPN Actions Recommended Resp. Actions Taken SEV OCC DET RPN
Input
What is the What is the Key In what ways does the Key What is the impact on the Key What causes the Key Input to go What are the existing controls and What are the actions for Who is responsible What are the
Customer?
fixes. month/year
0 0
0 0
0 0
FINAL FMEA: Update the actions taken and based on those actions update the values for Severity, Occurrence and
0 0
Detection. RPN values should be lower than the Preliminary FMEA.
0 0
0 0
30 0 0
© OpEx Learning
Control Plan - Manufacturing D M A I C
Control Plan
Revision Date
Process:
Author: Contributors: rev 0
Phone:
Historic
Input / Process Specification Measurement Historic Sample Sample Control
Process Process Step Variable Name Cp/Cpk & (date) Reaction Plan (contact / action)
Output (I/O) (LSL, USL, Target) Technique MSA & (date) Size Frequency Method
CONTROL PLAN – MANUFACTURING: Update the control plan to explain how the process runs after the improvement was made. Make
sure you update this if there is already a control plan in your process. Use the project format contained in the Belt Support Folder.
Templates in the “5-Control” Folder Contain Control Plan for Business Process and Control Plan for Manufacturing.
31
© OpEx Learning
Control Plan - Business Process D M A I C
Control Plan
Process: Revision Date
Author: Contributors: rev 0
Phone:
Process
Owner
Approval:
Data
Variables Requirements Data Tracking Reaction Plan
Reporting
Process Output / Input Y/X Lower Limit Target Upper Limit Who How Frequency Who How Frequency Include names, procedures, etc.
CONTROL PLAN – BUSINESS PROCESS: Update the control plan to explain how the process runs after the improvement was made. Make sure you update this if
there is already a control plan in your process. Use the project format contained in the Belt Support Folder.
Templates in the “5-Control” Folder Contain Control Plan for Business Process and Control Plan for Manufacturing.
32
© OpEx Learning
Final Process Controls D M A I C
• Replication:
REPLICATION: Specify other areas where the learning from this project can be applied (other
facilities, departments, etc.).
UPDATED DOCUMENTATION: List documents that were updated to ensure the process is being
followed properly.
FINAL RESULT: Explain the benefit obtained with the project: reduction of X% of defect “A”
resulting in $“Y” in savings.
33
33 © OpEx Learning 33
Next Steps D M A I C
Insert Comment
34
© OpEx Learning
Follow-Up Projects D M A I C
There is a variety of areas where the learning from this project have
could be applied:
• Similar processes
• Same process in different facility
• Different customers
• …
35
© OpEx Learning