Understanding

Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by frequent, loose,
or watery bowel movements. It can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging
from viral or bacterial infections to dietary changes or underlying medical
conditions.

by MEHAR SHAIKH
Causes of Diarrhea

1 Infections 2 Food Poisoning

Viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections can all Consuming contaminated or spoiled food can
lead to diarrhea. cause diarrhea.

3 Medication Side Effects 4 Chronic Conditions

Certain medications, such as antibiotics, can Conditions like irritable bowel syndrome
disrupt the digestive system and cause diarrhea. (IBS), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis
can contribute to chronic diarrhea.
Symptoms of Diarrhea
Frequent Bowel Abdominal Cramps Dehydration
Movements
Sudden and persistent pain or Excessive fluid loss can lead to
Passing stool more than three discomfort in the abdomen. symptoms like thirst, dizziness,
times a day, with loose or watery and fatigue.
consistency.
Preventing the Spread of Diarrhea

Handwashing Proper Food Handling

Frequent and thorough handwashing with Cooking food thoroughly, refrigerating
soap and water can help reduce the perishables, and avoiding cross-
transmission of diarrhea-causing germs. contamination can prevent foodborne
illnesses.

Sanitation
Maintaining clean living environments and proper disposal of waste can help contain the spread
of diarrhea-causing pathogens.
Treating Diarrhea at Home
Stay Hydrated
Avoid Triggers
Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, broth, or
electrolyte-rich drinks, to replace lost fluids and Steer clear of dairy, spicy, and high-fat foods,
prevent dehydration. which can further irritate the gut.

1 2 3

Eat Bland Foods

Opt for easy-to-digest foods like bananas, rice,
applesauce, and toast to help soothe the digestive
system.
When to See a Doctor
1 Severe or Persistent 2 Dehydration
Symptoms
Seek immediate care if you experience
If diarrhea lasts more than two days or signs of dehydration, such as excessive
is accompanied by severe symptoms, it's thirst, dizziness, or dark urine.
best to seek medical attention.

3 Underlying Conditions
People with chronic health conditions or weakened immune systems may require medical
guidance to manage diarrhea.
Complications of Diarrhea
Dehydration
Severe fluid and electrolyte loss can lead to dehydration, which can be life-
threatening if left untreated.

Malnutrition
Prolonged diarrhea can interfere with nutrient absorption, leading to malnutrition and
weight loss.

Infections
Diarrhea caused by bacterial or viral infections can spread to others, especially in
vulnerable populations.
Managing Diarrhea Long-Term

Dietary Changes Medication Stress Management

Adopting a low-FODMAP diet or Over-the-counter or prescription Reducing stress and anxiety can
eliminating trigger foods can help medications may be prescribed to help alleviate the impact of
manage chronic diarrhea. control diarrhea symptoms. chronic digestive issues.