Beginning Activity (Mandatory):

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subject GCR.
1. Can you recall when weather or natural
events affected your surroundings in a
noticeable way?
Presented By:
Ms. Urwah Jawed 2. What are your initial thoughts when
considering the immense power and
unpredictability of natural forces?

3. How does the idea of nature’s

unpredictability resonate with you?
 What are natural disasters and its types?
Natural disasters are events triggered by natural Wildfires: Wildfires are rapid, destructive fires in
forces that results in widespread destruction, loss forests and grasslands, often caused by natural
of life and disruption of normal human activities. or human factors, threatening lives and habitats.
These events can cause significant damage to
property, infrastructure and even mental or Volcanic Eruptions: Volcanic Eruptions are
physical depression. Some common types of explosions of magma, gas and ash from
natural disasters include: volcanoes, varying in intensity. They can cause
damage to the surrounding area and affect the
❏ Earthquakes environment and communities.
❏ Wildfires
❏ Volcanic Eruptions
❏ Tornadoes
❏ Cyclones
What is the impact of natural disasters on human life?
Natural disasters cause loss of life , injuries,
displacement, infrastructure damage, economic
losses, psychological trauma, social disruption,
food insecurity, and hinder access to healthcare
and education, profoundly affecting human well
being.
Overall, the impact of natural disasters on
humans are multifaceted and can vary depending
on the factors such as the severity of the event,
the preparedness of effective communities, and
the effectiveness of response and recovery effects.
Here’s a brief explanation of two of the impacts:
Psychological Trauma: Survivors may
experience long-lasting psychological effects such
as PTSD, anxiety, depression, and other mental
health issues.
Healthcare and Education Disruption: Access to
education and healthcare facilities may be
hindered, exacerbating health problems and
hindering children’s education.
 Do human activities contribute to natural disasters?
Yes, as a simple and brief answer. Here is a
detailed explanation of how human activities
bring changes to the environment in a noticeable
way:
Climate Change: Fossil fuel burning and
deforestation lead to climate change, increasing
the frequency and intensity of natural disasters.
Urbanisation: Urban development disrupts
natural drainage, worsening the exposure of
natural disasters on places where people live.
Coastal Development: Buildings along coasts
unemploys natural buffers like mangroves,
increasing vulnerability to storm and water-
related disasters.
Fire Suppression: Human intervention in natural
fire cycles, such as fire suppression, can lead to
fuel buildup in forests, escalating the risk of
intense wildfires during dry conditions.
Mining: Mining activities destabilize the land,
leading to landslides and soil erosion while also
contaminating water sources with toxic
chemicals.
 What are ND Grids and their uses in Geography?
ND Grid references in geography are a method
used to pinpoint locations on a map with
precision. The map is divided into a grid of
horizontal and vertical lines, with each
intersection point assigned a unique reference.
The horizontal lines are labeled with letters,
typically from left to right, while the vertical
lines are labeled with numbers, typically from
bottom to top. To reference a specific point on the
map, you state the letter and number
corresponding to the intersecting grid lines. Grid
references are useful for navigation, orienteering,
and providing precise location information in
various activities.
 Developing Nations and natural disasters
Both developed and developing countries can be
severely affected by natural disasters, but the
impacts may vary depending on various factors.
Here are three reasons why developing countries
are often more severely affected:

Limited resources and infrastructure for disaster

preparedness and response.

High population density in hazard-prone areas

with inadequate urban planning.

Limited access to education and information

about disaster risk reduction and early warning
systems.
 How to deal with natural disasters?
Risk Assessment and Planning: Identify risks,
assess vulnerability, and develop emergency
plans.
Emergency Preparedness: Create kits, establish
communication strategies, and stay informed.
Building Codes and Infrastructure: Enforce
codes, invest in resilient infrastructure, and
retrofit existing structures.
Environmental Conservation: Protect
ecosystems, practice sustainable land use, and
address climate change.
Early Warning Systems: Develop and maintain
warning systems, conduct drills, and ensure
effective communication.
Insurance and Financial Preparedness: Obtain
insurance coverage, build emergency savings, and
advocate for supportive policies.
International Cooperation: Collaborate globally,
share resources, and support vulnerable
populations.
These steps aim to minimize the impact of
natural disasters and increase resilience at
individual, community, and global levels.
 Main Activity (Mandatory):

> Comment your answers in chat box on subject GCR.

1. To what extent does human activity contribute to

the frequency and intensity of natural disasters,
and what measures can be implemented to

Presented By: mitigate these effects?

2. What are the most effective strategies for

preventing and minimizing the socio-economic
Urwah Jawed impacts of natural disasters on vulnerable
communities?

3. What role do education and community

engagement play in enhancing resilience and
preparedness for natural disasters, especially in
areas with limited resources?
 Exploring use of GPS and GIS in predictions
Questions we will explore for understanding:
1. What are some advanced GIS-based methods
for modeling and predicting the impact of
tsunamis on coastal areas?
4. How can GIS and GPS technologies be applied
in emergency response planning and management
for natural disasters, such as coordinating
evacuation routes and resource allocation?

2. How do GIS and GPS technologies aid in

assessing volcanic hazards, such as predicting
eruption zones and lava flow paths?

3. What are the key spatial analysis techniques

used in identifying areas prone to landslides, and
how can GIS tools assist in mitigating their
impact?
 Explanation of the summarized questions above:
1. Using advanced GIS tools, we can make
models to predict where tsunamis might hit and
how big they might be. By combining information
about the shape of the coast with data from GPS
buoys, we can make maps that show which areas
need to be evacuated if a tsunami comes.
2. GIS and GPS help us study volcanoes and
predict when they might erupt. GPS tells us if
the ground near a volcano is moving, which can
be a sign of an eruption. GIS helps us put this
information on maps to show where it's
dangerous and where people should stay away.
3. Using GIS, we can figure out which areas are
likely to have landslides. By studying things like
the shape of the land and how much rain falls, we
can make maps that show where landslides might
happen. Then we can take steps to protect those
areas, like building walls or planting trees.
4. GIS and GPS are useful during disasters like
floods or earthquakes. They help us make maps
to show where it's safe and where people need
help. GPS also helps emergency workers find
their way to places quickly. These tools help us
respond to disasters and keep everyone safe.