Energy-Giving
Molecules: Glucose
and ATP
What are the
energy-giving
molecules?
All organisms mainly
use two types of
energy-giving
molecules: glucose
and ATP.
~* Glucose is made during the process of
photosynthesis. With the help of light
energy from the sun, water, and carbon
stable form. In the human body, glucose is
transported by the blood and taken up by
dioxide, plants create glucose where
chemical energy is stored in a
concentrated and the cells as energy
source. The stored energy in glucose is
released in a reverse reaction of
photosynthesis called cellular respiration.
~* Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
molecules store smaller amounts of
energy, but each molecule releases
enough energy to do the work within the
cell. It is the energy- carrying molecule
used by the cell. ATP is made during the
first half of photosynthesis and is used
during the second half where glucose is
made. It is also used for energy by the
cells for other important cellular
processes.
But how does
ATP give
energy?
* The energy from ATP is released
when it gives up one of its three
phosphates. Doing so changes its
form from ATP to ADP (adenosine
diphosphate), as shown by the
following reaction: 0 OH + HO PP
ATP water HO +7.3 kcal/mo; ATP
ADP Figure 6-2.
* The release of energy from ATP +
inorganic phosphate This process stores
the energy from the sun in the chemical
bonds of glucose molecules. The flow of
energy through living things begins with
photosynthesis in producers. cellular
respiration. Photosynthesis and cellular
respiration are like the two sides of a
coin: the products of one process are the
reactants of the other.
~ In summary, the two
processes store and
release energy in living
things. Both processes
are also essential in the
recycling of oxygen on
Earth. 118 Science in the
Modern World
Daghang
salamat!
