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Module
7Design of Springs
Version 2 ME , IIT Kharagpur
Lesson
2Design of Helical Springsfor Variable Load
Version 2 ME , IIT Kharagpur
Instructional Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to understand:
•
Nature of varying load on springs
•
Modification of Soderberg diagram
•
Estimation of material properties for helical spring
•
Types of helical springs
•
Design considerations for buckling and surge.
7.2.1 Design of helical spring for variable load
In the earlier lecture, we have learned about design of helical springs for static loads.In many applications, as for example in railway carriages or in automobilesuspension systems the helical springs used are constantly under variable load.Hence, it is understood that whenever there is a variable load on a spring the designprocedure should include the effect of stress variation in the spring wire. Themethodology used is the modified Soderberg method. we have learnt aboutSoderberg method in earlier chapter, here, the necessary modifications applicable tohelical spring design will be discussed.In the case of a spring, whether it is a compression spring or an extension spring,reverse loading is not possible. For example, let us consider a compression springplaced between two plates. The spring under varying load can be compressed tosome maximum value and at the most can return to zero compression state (inpractice, some amount of initial compression is always present), otherwise, springwill loose contact with the plates and will get displace from its seat. Similar reasonholds good for an extension spring, it will experience certain amount of extensionand again return to at the most to zero extension state, but it will never go tocompression zone. Due to varying load, the stress pattern which occurs in a springwith respect to time is shown in Fig.7.2.1. The load which causes such stress patternis called repeated load. The spring materials, instead of testing under reversedbending, are tested under repeated torsion.
maxm
a
a
stress
min
0
=
time
Fig 7.2.1
Version 2 ME , IIT Kharagpur
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20 Design of Helical Springs for Variable Load
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| Upload Date: | 03/12/2009 |
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