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Location

Grid line 1

REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

Date

rc

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc.

Checked
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

Page

14-May-2013
Revision

chg

1999 BCA for RCC

L in e L o a d L G K , L Q K in k N / m

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS

101
Job No

R68

DESIGN STATUS:

NOT VALID

X
WARNING :
Passive pressure should
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future
excavation in front of
the wall.

S u r c h a r g e S G K , S Q K in k N / m

T W

H n

H P

T b

L W

L E

H W

L S

L L

W A TE R

B 1

L P

B N

T N
B

DIMENSIONS (mm)
H=
4400
Hw =
0
Hp =
0
Hn =
0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu =
30
fy =
460

B=
BI =
BN =

3200
800
0

Tw =
Tb =
TN =

m =
N/mm
m =
N/mm
cover to tension steel =
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) =
Concrete density =
SOIL PROPERTIES
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l () =
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) =
Density of retained mat'l (q ) =
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) =
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (b) =
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) =
Density of base material (qb ) =
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) =
LOADINGS

Surcharge load -- live (SQK)

Surcharge load -- dead (SGK)
Line load -- live (LQK)
Line load -- dead (LGK)
Distance of line load from wall (X)

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored)

Force

PE
PS(GK)
PS(QK)
PL(GK)
PL(QK)

=
=
=
=
=

PW =
Total
PP =

(kN)
56.98
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Ka
Kp
Kpc
Kac
Lever arm

LE
LS
LS
LL
LL

(m)
= 1.467
= 2.20
= 2.20
= 4.40
= 4.40

LW = 0.00

56.98

0.00

1.5
1.05
50
0.3
24

400
400
0

concrete
steel
mm
mm
kN/m
Wall Geometry

30
0
17.658
24.228
0
17.658
250

=
=
=
=
=

0
0
0
0
0

=
=
=
=

0.33
3.00
3.46
1.15

degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
mm
[
[
[
[

(Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)

[default=2/3*q (only apply when Hw
11.77
>0) ] =
ASSUMPTIONS

a) Wall friction is zero

b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
water beneath the wall.
f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
lateral earth pressures
h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high

default ka = (1-SIN )/(1+SIN )0.33

]
=
default kp = (1+SIN b)/(1-SIN b)
2.39] =
3.46
default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] =
2ka0.5 ]

Moment about TOE

(kNm)
83.57
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

1.40
1.40
1.60
1.40
1.60

0.00

1.40

83.57

(LP-HN) = 0.00

0.00

1.00

Fult

Mult

(kN)
79.77
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

(kNm)
116.99
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00

0.00

79.77

116.99

0.00

0.00

Project

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REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

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RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

etc.
Checked
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

PE =
PS(GK) =
PS(QK) =
PL(GK) =
PL(QK) =
PW =
P =
Pp =

56.98
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Lever arm (m)

LE
LS
LS
LL
LL
LW

=
=
=
=
=
=

Moment (kNm)

1.47
2.20
2.20
4.40
4.40
0.00

83.57
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00

Vertical FORCE (kN)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge =
Line load =
V =

Moments

R68
OK

F.O.S = 2.00
LOADING OPTION
(select critical load combination)
EARTH

PS(GK)

PS(QK)
PL(GK)
PL(QK)

PW

(LP-HN) = 0.00

Lever arm (m)

38.40
30.72
0.00
141.26
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
= 83.57

Warning:
Under some
conditions,surcharge &
line loads may have
stabilising effects on the
structure, and it is
recommended that
stability checks should
also be carried out
without these loads.

Moment (kNm)

1.00
1.60
0.00
2.20
2.20
2.20
1.20

38.40
49.15
0.00
310.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mr = 398.33

210.38

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo =
SLIDING

102
Job No

56.98
Mo

Restoring

14-May-2013

STABILITY CHECKS :

OVERTURNING about TOE

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)
Lateral FORCE (kN)

Page

Revision

chg

1999 BCA for RCC

EXTERNAL STABILITY

Overturning
Moments

Date

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P =

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) =

BASE FRICTION ( V TANb + B Cb ) =
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr =

56.98

kN

0.00
-94.67

kN
kN
kN

-94.67

4.77
F.O.S =

> 2.00

OK

1.50

Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00

Factor of Safety, Pr / P =

1.66

> 1.50

OK

GROUND BEARING FAILURE

Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :
Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge=
Line load =
V =

38.40
30.72
0.00
141.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
210.38

0.60
0.00
1.60
-0.60
-0.60
-0.60
0.40

Moment (kNm)

BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m)

0.000.380.771.151.541.922.302.693.07
0

23.04
0.00
0.00
-84.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mv =
-61.72

50

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo =

83.57

kNm

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo =

21.85

kNm

0.10
79

m
kN/m

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V =

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) =

100

< 250

OK

Project

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REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

rc

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

etc.
Checked
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

Date

Page

14-May-2013
Revision

chg

1999 BCA for RCC

Job No

R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length )

f =

V ult =
M ult =

1.40
70.67
42.51

104

BS8110

(default = ult mt / non-factored mt.

1.40
)=
kN
kNm
(TENSION - BOTTOM FACE)
Min. As =

520
12
200
565

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

344
326.80
0
80.96

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 42.51

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.16%
0.38
131.42

N/mm2
kN

> 70.67

OK

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT :

centres =
Asprov =
MOMENT of RESISTANCE :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

reference

Table 3.25

< 762
> 520

OK

3.12.11.2.7(b)

OK

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8
3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS8007 :

X=
Acr =

70.88
108.61

m = -0.001042

mm
mm

W=

-0.25

BS8007

mm

< 0.30

OK

App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult =
M ult =

49.77
74.48

kN
kNm

(TENSION - TOP FACE)

Min. As

centres
Asprov

520
16
150
1340

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

342
320.09
0
187.97

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 74.48

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.39%
0.51
174.80

N/mm2
kN

> 49.77

OK

TOP REINFORCEMENT :

MOMENT RESISTANCE :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

CHECK CRACK WIDTH wrt BS8007 :

X=
Acr =

102.24
86.81

mm
mm

=
=
=
=

Table 3.25

< 766
> 520

OK

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8

(Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)

m = 0.000111
W=
0.03
mm
< 0.30
OK

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

TOP (DESIGN)
BOTTOM (DESIGN)
TRANSVERSE

Type

Centers

As

Min. As

T
T
T

mm
16
12
12

mm
150
200
200

mm2
1340
565
565

mm2
520
520
520

3.12.11.2.7(b)

OK

OK
OK
OK

3.5.5.2

BS8007
App. B.2

Project

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REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

rc

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986

etc.
Checked
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

Date

Page

14-May-2013
Revision

chg

1999 BCA for RCC

R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No.

Type

Dia

Length

Unit Wt

Weight

WALL

VERTICAL - External face

VERTICAL - Internal face
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.)

6
7
42

T
T
T

12
12
12

4096
4096
1000

0.888
0.888
0.888

21.82
25.46
37.29

BASE

TOP (MAIN)
BOTTOM (MAIN)
TRANSVERSE ( T & B )
WALL STARTERS (Ext.)
WALL STARTERS (Int.)

7
6
34
6
7

T
T
T
T
T

16
12
12
12
12

3328
3296
1000
1355
1355

1.578
0.888
0.888
0.888
0.888

36.77
17.56
30.19
7.22
8.42

NIB

(assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
6
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
7
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.)
2

T
T
T

12
12
12

96
96
1000

0.888
0.888
0.888

0.51
0.60
1.78

SUMMARY

Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg)

105
Job No

187.6

Diagrams

Project
Location

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
Grid line 1
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

Made by rc

Job No R

1999 BCA for RCC

DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
3.2

KN/M^2

KN/M^2

1 70.55
0 78.55
3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.32 75.99
3
0.64 73.43
3
M
0.96 70.87
3
0
1
2
3
4
1.28 68.31
3
0.00
1.6 65.75
3
1.92 63.18
3
50.00
2.24 60.62
3
2.56 58.06
3
2.88 55.50
3
100.00
3.2 52.94
3
3.2 0.00
0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
70.55
0 0.00
78.546
1 0.06
78.034
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
2 0.13
77.522
M
3 0.19
77.010
4 0.26
76.498
0.00 0.45 0.90 1.34 1.79 2.24 2.69 3.14
0
5 0.32
75.986
6 0.38
75.474
7 0.45
74.962
8 0.51
74.450
50
9 0.58
73.938
10 0.64
73.426
11 0.70
72.914
100
12 0.77
72.402
13 0.83
71.889
14 0.90
71.377
15 0.96
70.865
16 1.02
70.353
70.55
17 1.09
69.841
BP
0
78.546
18 1.15
69.329
BPE
0.8
72.146
19 1.22
68.817
BPI
1.2
68.945
20 1.28
68.305
BPZ
3.2
52.944
21 1.34
67.793
22 1.41
67.281
23 1.47
66.769
24 1.54
66.257
25 1.60
65.745
26 1.66
65.233
27 1.73
64.721
28 1.79
64.209
29 1.86
63.697
30 1.92
63.185
31 1.98
62.673
32 2.05
62.161
33 2.11
61.649
34 2.18
61.137
35 2.24
60.625
36 2.30
60.113
37 2.37
59.601
38 2.43
59.088
39 2.50
58.576
40 2.56
58.064
41 2.62
57.552
42 2.69
57.040
43 2.75
56.528
44 2.82
56.016
45 2.88
55.504
46 2.94
54.992
47 3.01
54.480
48 3.07
53.968
49 3.14
53.456
50 3.20
52.944

Page 5

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

78.546
78.034
77.522
77.010
76.498
75.986
75.474
74.962
74.450
73.938
73.426
72.914
72.402
71.889
71.377
70.865
70.353
69.841
69.329
68.817
68.305
67.793
67.281
66.769
66.257
65.745
65.233
64.721
64.209
63.697
63.185
62.673
62.161
61.649
61.137
60.625
60.113
59.601
59.088
58.576
58.064
57.552
57.040
56.528
56.016
55.504
54.992
54.480
53.968
53.456
52.944

0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

5.027 4.866
4.994 4.515
4.961 4.168
4.929 3.825
4.896 3.486
4.863 3.151
4.830 2.821
4.798 2.495
4.765 2.173
4.732 1.855
4.699 1.541
4.666 1.232
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
58.160 36.127

0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

5.027
4.994
4.961
4.929
4.896
4.863
4.830
4.798
4.765
4.732
4.699
4.666
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
58.160

Diagrams

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
Grid line 1
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

MTE= 62.78
MTLG= 0.00
MTLQ= 0.00
MTSG=
0
MTSQ= 0.00
MTW= 0.00

4400

3200

MOMENT DIAGRAM

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

0.00
0.16
0.32

ULT. MT (KNM)

0.48
0.64
0.80
0.96
1.12
1.28
1.44
1.60
WALL (M)

1.76
1.92
2.08
2.24
2.40
2.56
2.72
2.88
3.04
3.20
3.36
3.52
3.68
3.84
4.00

WALL GEOMETRY
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
4000

0
400
400
4400
4400
400
400
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
800
800
1200
1200
3200
3200
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.08
0.16
0.24
0.32
0.40
0.48
0.56
0.64
0.72
0.80
0.88
0.96
1.04
1.12
1.20
1.28
1.36
1.44
1.52
1.60
1.68
1.76
1.84
1.92
2.00
2.08
2.16
2.24
2.32
2.40
2.48
2.56
2.64
2.72
2.80
2.88
2.96
3.04
3.12
3.20
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.52
3.60
3.68
3.76
3.84
3.92
4.00

3000

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

UTM= 87.90
87.90
0.00
0
0.08
0.0132
0.16
0.0527
0.24
0.1187
0.32
0.211
0.40
0.3296
0.48
0.4746
0.56
0.646
0.64
0.8438
0.72
1.068
0.80
1.3185
0.88
1.5953
0.96
1.8986
1.04
2.2282
1.12
2.5842
1.20
2.9665
1.28
3.3753
1.36
3.8104
1.44
4.2718
1.52
4.8231
1.60
5.6254
1.68
6.5122
1.76
7.4875
1.84
8.5556
1.92
9.7208
2.00
10.987
2.08
12.359
2.16
13.841
2.24
15.436
2.32
17.15
2.40
18.986
2.48
20.948
2.56
23.042
2.64
25.27
2.72
27.638
2.80
30.149
2.88
32.808
2.96
35.618
3.04
38.585
3.12
41.712
3.20
45.004
3.28
48.464
3.36
52.097
3.44
55.908
3.52
59.9
3.60
64.077
3.68
68.445
3.76
73.006
3.84
77.766
3.92
82.729
4.00
87.898

2000

YY= 4

1999 BCA for RCC

1000

Location

WALL (mm)

Project

BASE ( mm)

Page 6

Made by rc

Job No R

ade by rc

Diagrams

Job No R68
Date 14-May-13

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0.064
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5.027
4.994
4.961
4.929
4.896
4.863
4.830
4.798
4.765
4.732
4.699
4.666
4.634
4.601
4.568
4.535
4.503
4.470
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
85.471

Page 7

ade by rc

Diagrams

Job No R68
Date 14-May-13

Page 8

Project
Location

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Grid line 1

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc.

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD

WALL
MR=
As/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

MR=
AsBB/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

16.26
0.002
80.40
1.03E+009
0.0013
0.0016
0.0012848
87.600214
0.07
0.0003

MIN SPACING=
MSBB=
MSBT=

16.26
0.0016
70.88
804681743
0.0006
0.0007
0.0017534
108.61239
-0.25
-0.0010

MR=
AsBB/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

Made by rc

1999 BCA for RCC

762
762
766

ASreq = 613.94
ASBBreq =0.01
ASBTreq =
531.12

16.26
0.0039
102.24
1.61E+009
0.0006
0.0008
0.0006897
86.810337
0.03
0.0001

Page 9

Job No R68
Date 14-May-13

fs = 249.71Asprov%= 0.2192
fs = 0.0054Asprov%= 0.1644
fs = 121.51Asprov%= 0.3919

Notes

Disclaimer

All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete Coun
will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use a
(including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepte
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'Spreadshe
8110 and EC2' available from British Cement Association, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshi

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.
Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date

Version

Action

06-Aug-99

RCC62 v1.0

First public release.

Includes version comments

Page 10

Notes

Page 11

Notes

or Reinforced Concrete Council is intended for those who

ke responsibility for its use and application. No liability
vice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
CA software and publications are subject to revision from
on of the latest version.

nying publication 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to BS

Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG45 6YS.

Size (kB)
398

Page 12

Notes

Page 13

Notes

Page 14

Notes

Page 15