í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 20 ´÷-Ja 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Q. Finite Verbs, Non-Finite verbs 5) Doing Words (I RDW, II RDW, PDW),

Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? ÅüË-N-üµ¿çí¬ Gerund, 6) shall/ should/ will/ would etc., + 1st
Present Participle èπ◊ ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ RDW (see spoken English lesson No.
Gerund
ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. Åçõ‰verb + 24) – OöÀØË finite verbs/ verbs Åçö«ç.
noun ÅF (A running track), Å™«Íí Non finite verbs- 1) The infinitive (to go,
participle verb + adjective
Åçõ‰ ÅE to sing, etc) 2) The ...ing form (going,
(A running stream) ã ví¬´’®˝ °æ¤Ææh- coming, singing etc.,) 3) The past par-
éπç™ îªC-¢√†’. Ééπ\úø running ÅØËC ticiple (given, sung, etc). Non finite verbs, verbs
verb, stream noun
ÅØËC éπü∆. ´’J ÉC par- 鬴¤. ¢√öÀ-†™« Non finite verbs ņ-úøç-´©x, Past
ticiple ᙫ Å®·uçC? N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. participle †’ V3 ņ-úøç-´©x ´’†èπ◊ éπLÍí confusion
- K.Ravi, Pollanki. Åçû√ Éçû√ é¬ü¿’. Non finite verbs ÅØË ´÷ô ´’®Ω-
A. ´’† Spoken English lessons ™ 6 forms of *-§ÒçúÕ. ¢√öÀE verbs 鬴ØË Å†’-éÓçúÕ. Å°æ¤púË O’®Ω’ Q. 1) ' ¢√úÕ-éπ\-úÕéÀ ´î√aú≈? †’´y-éπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞«x¢√?—— -Å-ØË 2) ÉC èπÿú≈ ´’ç* v°æ¨¡o. Come Åçõ‰,
the verb (Verb èπ◊ Ö†o 6 ®Ω÷§ƒ©’) Éî√aç-éπü∆: ÆæJí¬ ®√ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’/ ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©®Ω’. O’®Ω’ ´÷ö«x-úËç- -ü∆-E-E -O’®Ω’ Did he come here, or did you go ®√´ôç ÅE; Å®·ûË Ø√/´÷/-´’† ü¿í∫_-JéÀ
1) 'Be' forms, 2) 'Be' form + ...ing form ü¿’èπ◊, ®√ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Gerund, Past participle ûËú≈ ûÁL- to him? ÅE Éî√a®Ω’. DE™ †’´y-éπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞«x¢√ ÅØË äéπ®Ω’ ®√´-úøç, Ø√/´÷/-´’-†ûÓ äéπ®Ω’ ®√´-
3) Be form + Past participle 4) Have/ ߪ’-†-´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆? Noun ᙫç-öÀC ÅE ûÁL-Ê°C ¶µ«´ç Ææ’p¥Jç-îªúøç ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆? -ú≈Eo ûÁ-LÊ°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ come
has/ had/ shall have/ will have, etc + pp adjective ÅE í∫’®Ω’h-°-ô’d-èπ◊çõ‰ î√©’.
2) ؈’ ®√Ø√ ´ü∆l ÊÆd≠æ-Ø˛èπ◊? Åçö«ç. ´’†ç ÉçéÌ-éπ-JûÓ éπL-Æœ-¢Á-∞¡x-ú≈-EéÀ
Shall I go to the station with you or not? Ñ come ņç, Å°æ¤púø’ go Åçö«ç.
Q. Please explain how to use verbs to ques- Can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,
Sentence ™ '®√Ø√— ÅØË ¶µ«´ç Ææ’p¥Jç-îªúøç ™‰ü¿’ Shall I come to you now?=
tion form. verb
v°æ¨¡o™x à ®Ω÷°æç™ Öçú≈L? might, have, has - OöÀE questions ™ ¢√úÕ-†- éπü∆? ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
Can, could, should, have, had, has, will, v1 eg: can F ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ®√Ø√ É°æ¤púø’?
°æ¤púø’, OöÀ ûª®√yûª á°æ¤púø÷
help, could do, will sing, etc.
´Ææ’hçC.
verb
3) äéπ English book ™ a) I was out of station Shall I go with you?=
would, shall, may, might ™«çöÀN Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TÊÆh É™« ´*a-†- ™‰ü∆ b) I was not in town ņ-´îª’a ÅE ®√¨»®Ω’,
verbs eg. seen v.conv2, conv3
™«çöÀN can, could, etc., helping verbs
°æ¤púø’, Å´¤-û√®·. O’®Ω’ ´÷vûªç out of station ÅE ņ-èπÿ-úøü¿’ ÅE FûÓ éπL-Æœ-®√Ø√?
¢ËöÀ™ Öçú≈L? - G.Anilkumar, Hyderabad. Å´¤Ø√? Å°æ¤púø’ question: ®√¨»®Ω’. OöÀ™ àC, áçü¿’èπ◊ éπÈ®éÓd? N´-Jç-îª-í∫- Will you come to me? =
A. The verb in a question always comes Can you help me? ©®Ω’.
before the subject.
†’´¤y Ø√ ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ´≤ƒh¢√?
Helping verb subject main verb (v1) - P.Murali Krishna, Pedanindrakolanu.
eg: Is he your friend? 3) English writers (English ´÷ûª%-¶µ«-
(Åûªúø’ F ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’ú≈?) É™«-´-≤ƒh®·, Ñ verbs questions ™. OöÀE A. 1) ≠æí¬ éπ© ®Ωîª-®·-ûª©’) Å®·ûË out of
is (verb), he (subject)
Ééπ\úø ´·çü¿’ ´≤Úhç-C- O’ ÆæçüË£æ«ç ÆæÈ®jçüË.
í∫’Jç* ÉC-´-®Ω™  î√™« N´-®Ωçí¬ îÁ§ƒpç. Did you go to him, cor- station (Ü∞x-™‰®Ω’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) Å™«
éπü∆?Is he coming? (Åûªúø’ ´Ææ’h-Ø√oú≈?) Ééπ\úø îª÷úøçúÕ. rect ®√Æœ Öçúø®Ω’. Out of station (á´-È®jØ√
is (helping verb), he (subject) èπ◊ ´·çü¿’ Å®Ωnç, †’´¤y ¢√úÕ
´≤Úhç-C-éπü∆.Verb ™ È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ ´÷ô-©’çõ‰ - ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ¢Á∞«x¢√? ÅE. Ü∞x ™‰®Ω’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ é¬F, ÉçÍé
¢Á·ü¿öÀ ´÷ô helping verb, main
È®çúÓ ´÷ô Å®·ûË Åéπ\-úÕéÀ= ¢√úÕ Å®ΩnçûÓ é¬F) English ™ ™‰ü¿’. Ü∞x
verb. question verb
ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπÿ ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ ™‰éπ-§Ú-´-úøç= be out of town ņ-úøç
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
鬕öÀd ™ á°æ¤púø÷ ûª®√y-ûª- Did you go to him?
í¬F, helping verb subject
ûª®√y-ûª-í¬F ´÷vûª¢Ë’ 435 correct.
Öçô’çC. M.SURESAN ÅØ√oç.

Q. 1. This house is my 4) They are talking and

I don't know much about them

walking/talking while
brother's in-law.
walking/they are
This house is my walking as they are
brother in-law's. talking/they are walk-
Which is correct? ing and talking as
A. The following are correct. well.
2) Ø√èπ◊ ¢√∞¡x í∫’Jç* 5) ؈’ ´‚úø’ ØÁ©© †’ç* N’´’tLo éπ©- 7) ††’o 鬕öÀd àO’ ņ-™‰ü¿’. If you had 5) I have been thinking of meeting
Åçûªí¬ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’ – done it, you would have been 1) This is my bother-in-law's home.
you for the past/ the last three
¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’.
I don't know much about them. I've been thinking to meet you scolded. This is/ these are my brother-in- months. Think can be used in the
since 3 months. Is it correct? If it 8) I don't quite know. Please trans- law's house/ homes (plural) progressive tense with the mean-
Ø√èπ◊ Åçûª õ„j´· Öçúøü¿’ –
is correct, the verb think is not late in telugu. (Brother-in-law-Singular, ing of 'intend' (ÖüËl¨¡ç Öçúøôç)
I have no much time to watch T.V.
used in progressive tenses, is it? Brothers- in-law- Plural) 6) I have to do all this because of
9) 80 Rupees have been charged for
†’´¤y Åçûª risk BÆæ’-éÓ-´ü¿’l. So how is it correct? you (present)
giving an application 2) a) I don't know much about them.
You don't take that much of risk. 6) F´™‰x ؈’ Éü¿çû√ îËߪ’-´-©Æœ ´Ææ’hçC I will have to do all this because of
80 Rupee has been charged b) I don't have/ haven't the time to you (future)
3) I've 3 nephews and 2 nieces. Do (Present)
for.... watch the TV 7) Because it was I/me he didn't say
nephews and niece have plural I have to do all this only because
80 Rupees has been charged for c) You don't take so much of risk/ anything. If it had been someone
of you (future)
form?
F´™‰x ؈’ Éü¿çû√ else....
îËߪ÷L. Which one is correct among that kind of risk.
4) 8)
these sentences? 3) Nephews- Plural of nephew
¢√∞¡Ÿ} ´÷ö«x-úø’ûª÷ †úø’-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. ¢√úÕ´™‰x ؈’ ®ÓV Ééπ\-úÕéÀ ®√¢√-Lq- Ø√éπç-ûªí¬ ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ü¿’/- Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ü¿’.
They are walking while talking. 9) Eighty rupees has been charged
´-Ææ’hçC. - Madhav, Hyderabad Nieces - plural of niece.
for...

Q. 1) 'Nobody can't understand me' ÅØËC ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ Öçü∆? Q. 1. I would walk two miles every
I/ he/ somebody would walk 2
Q. éÀçC-¢√-öÀE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ A. 1. Is this table clean?
miles every morning =
2. Isn't it clean?
'Nobody can understand me' èπ◊ 'Nobody can't morning.
†úÕ-îË-¢√- Åçö«®Ω’?
úÕE/ ¢√úø’,etc.
understand me' èπ◊ Å®Ωn-¶µ‰-ü¿-¢Ë’-¢Á’iØ√ Öçü∆? We should attend the classes 3. I am getting it
We should attend the class
1. Ñ õ‰•’™¸ ¨¡Ÿv¶µºçí¬
more regularly. Present cleaned
more regularly = Class
2) '؈’ ÉüË-´÷ô Åûª-úÕûÓ îÁ§ƒp†’— ņ-ú≈-EéÀ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ èπ◊ Æævéπ- Öçü∆?
ÅØ√L? Future walk
™ èπÿú≈ îËÆæ’hçö«ç 2. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºçí¬ ™‰ü∆? 4. Clean it
Present Future
´’çí¬ ¢Á∞«xL (´’† Å´-Ææ®Ωç/ NCµ/
3) F´¤ í∫ûª-¢√®Ωç ®ÓV-©’í¬ §ƒ®∏Ω-¨»-©èπ◊ áçü¿’èπ◊ ®√´-úøç-™‰ü¿’? éπü∆. ™ èπÿú≈ E•ç-üµ¿†). Å®·ûË regular Åçõ‰ØË 3. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îË®·-Ææ’h-Ø√o-†’. 5. I've (have) got it
ņ-ú≈-EéÀ Why have you been absent for a week? attend
Æævéπ-´’çí¬ ÅE éπü∆– DEéÀ more cleaned
Å´¤ûª÷ Öçúø-´îª’a éπü∆! 4. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îÁ®·u.
Would, should
regularly ÅE comparative
ÅØÌî√a? ¢√úÌî√a? àßË’ 5. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îË®·ç-î√†’. 6. Shall I clean it?
- Sarma & Seenu, Bathupuram Öçúøü¿’. Öçõ‰ regular, ™‰èπ◊çõ‰
Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√ú≈L? 6. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îËߪ’Ø√? 7. I'll get it cleaned
A. 1) No body can understand me ņôç irregular Å´¤-ûª’çC.
correct. Nobody
2. éπÈ®çô’ ´*açC. O’®Ω’ O’ °æE 7. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îË®·≤ƒh. 8. I don't clean it
can't ņo-°æ¤púø’ È®çúø’-îÓôx not ´Ææ’hçC éπü∆. '™‰ü¿’— ÅØËç- é¬E-´yçúÕ. Present future:
We shall/ will walk two miles
8. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îÁߪ’u†’. 9. I don't get it/ have
ü¿’èπ◊ äéπ-îÓ-ôØË (sentence) not ´Ææ’hçC. 3. ¢√∞¡Ÿx Èí©’-≤ƒh-®ΩE ؈-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-
it cleaned
every morning.
Ø√o†’. ؈’ èπÿú≈ Å™«Íí ņ’- 9. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îË®·ç-’.
2) I told him the same thing
èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’. Ñ ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx- Present future would/
èπ◊ 10. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îË®·ç. 10. Get/ have it
3) Why have you been absent for a week= cleaned
should
¢√®Ωçí¬ ≠ˇ™ ᙫ ®√ߪ÷L? ®√ü¿’. 11. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç î˨»†’.
absent cor- - N. Amareswari Tirupathi 2) The power is back. Carry on 11. I've cleaned it
áçü¿’èπ◊ (Èíj®√|-ï®Ω’) Åߪ÷u-´ØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ÅC 12. †’¢Ëy ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îËÆæ’éÓ.
rect. Why have
Å®·ûË áçü¿’èπ◊ ®√´--úøç-™‰ü¿’? ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊, A. Would †’ past †’ç* future ûÁL- your work. 13. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºçí¬ ™‰ü¿’. 12. Clean it yourself
you not been/ why haven't you been coming to Ê°ç-ü¿’Íé é¬èπ◊çú≈, past habits 3) I think they will win.
13. It's not clean
14. ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç-í¬ØË ÖçC.
class? Åçö«ç. È®çúø’sentences éà ŮΩnç äéπõ‰ (í∫ûªç™ Å©-¢√-ôx†’) ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ 4) So do I (؈÷ Å™«Íí ņ’-èπ◊ç- - Dontula Premalatha,
I think so too. 14. It's clean.
Adilabad
ņ’-éÓçúÕ, Å®·ûË ´÷ô™x ûËú≈ ÖçC éπü∆? èπÿú≈ ¢√úø-´îª’a. ô’Ø√o)

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm