-Ç-C¢√®Ωç 30 -†-´ç•®Ω’ 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

G. Shankar, Keshavapatnam Robes, Fabric,

°æçC ´÷ç≤ƒEo §Ú®˝\ ņo-ô’xí¬ ØÁ´’L, °œôd,
Q. Could you suggest material for JL Now, Through,
èπ◊çüË©’, îË°æ, á©’éπ, *©’éπ, §ƒ´·, >çéπ, ûªC-ûª®Ω
of English and its titles. Even as @´¤© ´÷ç≤ƒEo ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? From the begin-
where they can be had from. ning, React
A. ¢√öÀéÀ v°æûËu-éπ-¢Á’i† ´÷ô©’ ™‰´¤. ÅEoç-öÀéÀ °æ-ü∆-©- -
A. Material for Junior Lecturers in English pre- general í¬ meat Åçö«ç. Å®√n-©-†’ -Ö-ü∆£æ«®Ω-ù-
pared by various writers is available in all
Q. NvüÓ-£æ›©’, Öví∫-¢√-ü¿’©’, ü¿’çúø-í∫’©’, EçC-ûª’©’, ©-ûÓ -N-´-Jç-îªç-úÕ. -
good book stalls. The best thing is to have a A Erect = vertical
.
thorough knowledge of the History of
°∂æ÷-ûª’èπ◊©’ Ñ °æü∆-©èπ◊ Ææ´÷-Ø√-®√n-EîËa ÉçTx≠ˇ
°æü∆-©†’ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. (Eôd-E-©’-´¤í¬)
English Literature from spencer to the 20th
A. Öví∫-¢√-ü¿’©’ = terrorists
Straight = ´çéπ®Ω (Ũ-èπ◊úø’ °ü¿l ≤ƒv´÷-ñ«uEo §ƒLç-î√úø’.)
century, various movements in Eng.
ü¿’çúø-í∫’©’= hooligans/ miscreants/ ruf- ™‰èπ◊çú≈/ ´ç°æ¤©’ ™‰èπ◊çú≈, ÉC Eôd-E-©’-´¤-í¬ Öçúø- c) The British ruled India for 200 years =
Literature, and different forms of literature.
fians ´îª’a, Horizontal í¬†÷ (¶µº÷N’éÀ Ææ´÷ç-ûª-®Ωçí¬) ¶µ«®Ω-û˝†’ vGöÀ-≠æ®Ω’x 200 -à∞¡Ÿx §ƒLç-î√®Ω’.
Q. What is / are the difference between the
NvüÓ-£æ›©’ = °∂æ÷ûª’-èπ◊©’ = saboters (pron: Öçúø-´îª’a, à Cèπ◊\-™-ØÁjØ√ Öçúø-´îª’a. éπü¿-L-éπ™, d) The British ruled over the largest empire
accent and stress.
¨»•--ö«ñ¸), Sabotage (pron: ¨»•--õ‰ñ ¸– 'ñ¸—, go straight Åçõ‰ ´’üµ¿u™ áéπ\ú≈ ´’©’°æ¤/ Çí∫úøç in the World = v°æ°æç-îªç-™ØË ÅA-°ü¿l ≤ƒv´÷-
A. Accent and stress, broadly speaking means
measure ™ 'ï— ™«) ™‰èπ◊çú≈ Ø訽Ւ äéπ-îÓ-öÀ-Èé-∞¡}úøç. ñ«uEo vGöÀ-≠æ®Ω’x §ƒLç-î√®Ω’.
more or less the same. However, Accent
EçC-ûª’©’= The Accused. àüÁjØ√ ´Ææ’h´¤ ûª† ô÷d û√†’ A®Ω-í∫úøç Rotate
Dumb Åçõ‰ ´‚í∫ –- ´÷-ô-®√éπ§Ú´-úøç /-
means the way a language is spoken and
Q. Define and explain the following about - ¶Ôçí∫®Ωç – A top rotates.
pronounced by different groups of the
´÷--ö«xúø-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´-úøç ´©x, ´÷ö«x-úø-èπ◊çú≈ Öçúøôç.
cricket stadium. The earth rotates around its axis - ¶µº÷N’ ûª†-
´÷´‚-© ’í¬
speakers of the language - for example, we
¢Áç•-úÕç-îª-úøç/ ņ’-Ææ-Jç--îª-úøç
A.
Pavilion ô÷d û√†’ A®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC. following. Following him were his brothers-
have British accent of
English - English as
Åûª-úÕ-E ¢Áç•-úÕÆæ÷h Åûª-úÕ

It was a success altogether

spoken and pro-
≤Úü¿-®Ω’-©’-Ø√o®Ω’.
Following the advice
nounced by the
of the doctor, he gave
British, American
up smoking = Doctor
accent - American
way of speaking and
Ææ©-£æ…†’ ņ’-Ææ-Jç* Åûª-
pronouncing English language, Scottish Sports ground èπ◊ ü¿í∫_-®Ω-
Revolve - äéπ ´Ææ’h´¤ ô÷d úø’ smoking ´÷ØË-¨»úø’.
(people of Scotland) accent, etc. ´Ææ’h´¤ A®Ω-í∫úøç - The following = Ñ éÀçü¿ îÁ°œp-†/- ûÁ-L°œ-†.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 525
™ØË ÖçúË í∫’ú≈-®Ω癫çöÀ ÉçéÓ
Stress is the extra force with which we pro- éπôd-ú≈Eo pavilion The earth revolves round the
All together = Åçü¿-®Ω÷ -éπ-LÆœ - The students,
nounce a syllable in a word. eg : In the (°æ-N-©u-Ø˛ – 'N— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’- sun - Ææ÷®Ω’uúÕ îª’ô÷d ¶µº÷N’ all together helped the teacher = Nü∆u-®Ω’n-
word, 'above', there are two syllables 1)a (∂) èπ◊û√ç) Åçö«ç. ´·êuçí¬ play- A®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC. ©ç-ü¿®Ω÷ teacher èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’-°æ-ú≈f®Ω’. Å®·ûË all
2) bove (bΛv), In pronouncing this word, we ers (ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’†o §ÚöÙ  §ƒ™Ô_ç-
Each - È®çúÕç-öÀ- éπç-õ‰ áèπ◊\´ Ö†o together •ü¿’©’, All of them, all the students
stress the second syllable bΛv. That is, we ô’†o véÃú≈-é¬-®Ω’©’), Ç£æ…y-E-ûª’©’ ¢√öÀ™x v°æBC/ v°æA-¢√®Ω’. better.
use extra force while uttering 'bΛv'. The èπÿ®Ω’aØË ´ÆæA. Each student paid Rs. 10/- head - Altogether = °æ‹Jhí¬, ¢Á·ûªhç.
stress is on the second syllable. We also
Pitch v°æA student
ûª™« °æC-®Ω÷-§ƒ-ߪ’©’ a) He gave up smoking altogether = -
say that the accent is on the second sylla- Pitch (Cricket)= The area îÁLxç-î√-®Ω’. smoking
Å-ûª-úø’ °æ‹Jhí¬ ´÷ØË-¨»úø’.
ble. marked out between the two M.SURESAN ü∆ü∆°æ¤ 'v°æB— ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ, each ÅØ√o b) There were sixty men altogether = áöÔ<a
Q. Could you give me the meanings of phrases sets of stumps- the bowlers every ÅØ√o ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπõ‰ – Å®·ûË Åéπ\úø ¢Á·ûªhç 60 ´’çC ÖØ√o®Ω’.
of the following in telugu. bowl on it and the bats men face the ball- éÀçü¿ N´-Jç-*† Ææ’Eo-ûª-¢Á’i† ûËú≈ í∫´’-Eç-î√L. c) It was a success altogether = áöÔ<a/
A.
In tune with Stumps èπÿ stumps èπÿ ´’üµ¿u bowlers Each Åçõ‰ äéπ Ææ´‚£æ«ç™ Ö†o v°æA ´Ææ’h´‹/ ¢Á·û√h-EéÀ ÅC °ü¿l Nï-ߪ’¢Ë’
In tune with = ņ’-í∫’-ùçí¬. ûª´’ •çAE bowl îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊, bats men ´’E≠œ ÅE.
Same = äéπõ‰, the same
In tune with the changing tastes of the cus-
Every ņo-°æ¤púø’ Ç Ææ´‚-£æ«-´’ç-ûª-öÀéÃ/ Åçü¿- ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ùçí¬ the ™‰èπ◊çú≈ same ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’
¢√öÀE áü¿’-®Ì\-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æûËu-éπçí¬ à®Ωp-®Ω-*†
tomers, the company is designing new
v°æü˨¡ç. Jéà ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC. î√™« ûªèπ◊\´/ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ ™‰-´¤.
footwear = customers
Dressing room 1) The brothers are the same in every
´÷®Ω’-ûª’†o ÅGµ-®Ω’-©èπ◊ Every Indian knows the story of the
ņ’í∫’-ùçí¬, Ç company éÌûªh ®Ω鬩 §ƒü¿-®Ω-éπ~- Dressing room = véÃú≈-é¬-®Ω’©’ ûª´’ •ôd©’ Bharatham = ¶µ«®Ωûªç éπü∑¿ v°æA ¶µ«®Ω-B-ߪ·-úÕéà respect = v°æA N≠æ-ߪ’ç-™†÷ -Ç Å†o-ü¿-´·t--
©†’ ®Ω÷§Òç-C-≤ÚhçC. ´÷®Ω’a-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊, Çô N®√´’ Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ each
(=¶µ«®Ω-B-ߪ·-©ç-ü¿-JéÃ) ûÁ©’Ææ’. Ééπ\úø ™Ô-éπõ‰ (§ÚL-éπ-©’-Ø√o®·).

Underscores ǣ慮Ω §ƒF-ߪ÷©’ BÆæ’-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊, Nv¨»çAéÀ each Indian...
¢√úø™‰ç éπü∆? ņç. 2) He sent the same greetings to all =
Underscore = underline = ´’†ç ´÷ö«xúË/ ¢√úË í∫C. ÉçéÓ ûËú≈ each, every ØË –– Every Åçü¿-Jéà äÍé ÅGµ-†ç-ü¿-†©’ °æ秃ú≈ߪ’†.
®√ÊÆ N≠æ-ߪ÷™x àüÁjØ√ ´·êuç ÅE ûÁ©-°æúøç.
Gallery ņo-°æ¤púø’, éÌçîÁç °ü¿l Ææ´‚£æ«ç (group) ™-
Garments = ü¿’Ææ’h©’/ -´≤ƒY-©’ – Ñ ´÷ô- é¬Ææh
The frequent terrorist attacks underscores 1) vÊ°éπ~-èπ◊©’ èπÿ®Ω’a-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢Á’ô’x ¢Á’ô’xí¬ Å--Fo/-Åç-ü¿®Ω÷. Each Åçõ‰ ´’†ç ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª÷†o §ƒçúÕûªuç. DE •ü¿’©’ clothes ¢√úøôç ´’ç*C.
the need for tighter security = ûª®Ωîª÷ ï®Ω’-í∫’- EJtç-*† Ææn©ç. Ñ ´Ææ-AéÀ tickets üµ¿®Ω °∂晫Ø√ Ææ´‚£æ«ç (group) ™E, v°æA- ä-éπ\öÃ/
Robes = ®√îª-J-é¬-EéÃ, £æ«Ùü∆èπÿ *£æ«oçí¬ üµ¿JçîË
ûª’†o Öví∫-¢√-ü¿’© ü∆úø’©’ °æöÀ≠æe ¶µºvü¿ûª Å´-Ææ®Ω Éûª®Ω ûª®Ω-í∫-ûª’© éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´. äéπ\®Ω÷ ÅE. -´ÆæYç – ¶µº’ñ«-©- O’ü¿ †’ç* üË£æ…Eo ´ü¿’-©’í¬
v§ƒ´·-ë«uEo ûÁ©’-°æ¤-ûª’-Ø√o®·. 2) *vûª/ P©p ´Èíj®√ éπ∞¡© v°æü¿-®Ωz† E®Ωy-£œ«çîË Each student there got some prize or the éπ°æ¤pûª÷ ØË©†’ û√Íé °ü¿l- -´ÆæYç.

Heralds hall. other = prize
Åéπ\-úø’†o v°æA Nü∆uJnéà àüÓ äéπ
Fabric = -´≤ƒY-©’, sofa covers, curtains èπÿ
Herald =
Out field
ï®Ω-í∫-¶ßË’ N≠æߪ’ç/ Ææç°∂æ’-ô-†© ´*açC. Åéπ\úø Ö†o v°æA äéπ\-Jéà ÅE. ¢√úË á™«çöÀ -´ÆæY-´’®·-Ø√ – Cotton/ Silk/
ÆæçÍéûªç. véÃú≈ ¢Á’iü∆-†ç™ boundary éÀ É´-ûª© Ö†o Every boy knows that two twos are four = Polyester, etc.
To herald =
ï®Ω-í∫-¶ßË’ Ææç°∂æ’-ô-†©èπ◊ ÆæçÍé-ûªçí¬ v°æü˨¡ç. È®çúø’ È®∞¡Ÿx Ø√©’-í∫E Åçü¿®Ω’ °œ©x-©èπÿ ûÁ©’Ææ’.
Now = É°æ¤púø’, Right now= É°æ¤púË/ Ö†o- °æ-
Öçúøôç/ X鬮Ωç ôdúøç.
Curator
Fight against = §Ú®√-úøôç. ∞«ØËo/ ¢ÁçôØË.
a) Viresalingam's Rajasekhara Charitam 1) véÃú≈ ¢Á’iü∆-Ø√Eo Çôèπ◊ ņ’-´¤í¬ ÖçúËô’x Fight with = ¢√Cç-îªúøç – DEo í∫’Jç* ´’Jçûª a) He is coming now= Çߪ’-E-°æ¤púø’ ´Ææ’h-Ø√oúø’.
heralded the novel era in Telugu literature N´-®Ωçí¬, Ñ ´’üµ¿u lessons ™ØË N´-Jçî√ç, b) Do it right now= É°æ¤púË -îÁߪ÷u-°æE/ ¢ÁçôØË
Æœü¿l¥-°æ-JîË ÅCµ-é¬J.
= éπçü¿’-èπÿJ OÍ®-¨¡-Lçí∫ç ®Ω*ç-*† ®√ï-¨Ï-ê®Ω 2) Museum, picture gallery ©†’ Ææç®Ω-éÀ~çîË îª÷úøçúÕ. îÁß˝’.

ã abbreviation ™E Åéπ~-®√-©Fo äéπ- °æ-ü¿çí¬

Through = í∫’ç-ú≈/ -ü∆y®√/ ã Æ洒ߪ’ç ¢Á·ûªhç.
îªJûªç, ûÁ©’í∫’ ≤ƒ£œ«-ûªuç™ †´-™«- ¨¡-é¬-EéÀ ÅCµ-é¬J
(era) Ç®Ω綵ºç Ææ÷*ç-*çC/ ÆæçÍé-ûª-¢Á’içC.
Ground üµ¿yEÊÆh, ÅC Acronym. He was here through the day= ®Óïçû√
b) Sri Sri's poetry heralded the age of free véÃú≈ ¢Á’iü∆†ç eg: 1) WHO (World Health Organization)
verse in Telugu =
ÖØ√oúø’.

Grounds men 2) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
XX éπNûªyç ûÁ©’-í∫’™

Right through = ¢Á·ü¿-©’- †’ç* *´J ´®Ωèπ◊
îªçüÓ-•ü¿l¥ç é¬E éπN-ûªèπ◊ X鬮Ωç öÀdçC. curator Syndrome)
èπ◊ Ææ£æ«-éπ-JçîË véÃú≈ ¢Á’iü∆-Ø√Eo Æœü¿l¥ç- (without a break).
A.Sudhakar, Peddamallareddy.
Palindrome = A word that reads the same
Right through his stay here, he troubled
îËÊÆ °æE-¢√∞¡Ÿ}.
Q. C.I.E.F.L. ™ M.Phil (Eng), P.G.D.T.E.
Stands from the beginning to the end/ end to the
every one = Åûª-úÕ-éπ\úø Ö†oçûªÊÆ°æ¤ Åçü¿-J-F
vÊ°éπ~-èπ◊©’ èπÿ®Ω’a-E-í¬F, E©’a-E-í¬F Çô beginning. eg: Madam - Ñ ´÷ô áô’-- †’ç*
îËߪ÷-©çõ‰ 鬢√-Lq† Nü∆u-®Ω|-ûª©’ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. É•sç-C- °-ö«dúø’.
Madam
A M.A. Degree in English Language and
From the beginning – ÉC èπÿú≈ °j¢√öÀ™«ØË
. îª÷ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ à®Ωp-®Ω-*† ´ÆæA (ü∆ü∆°æ¤ îªC-N-Ø√ ÅØË ´Ææ’hçC éπü∆, ûÁ©’-í∫’™ 'éÀöÀ-
literature. gallery) éÀ— ™«.
= ¢Á·ü¿-öÀ -†’ç*/ v§ƒ®Ω綵ºç †’ç* Right from

Rule, Rule over
Q. P.G.D.T.E., C.I.E.F.L.
È®çúø÷ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπõ‰ §ƒLç- the beginning = ¢Á·ôd- ¢Á·-ü¿öÀ †’ç*/ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-
™ îªC-N† Nü∆u-®Ω’n-©èπ◊ T. Siva, Nandikotkur.
D.S.C. ™ Å´-鬨¡ç Öçü∆? ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ ûÁ©’-°æ- îª-úøç. Å®·ûË, §ƒLçîË NÆ‘h®Ωgç ¶«í¬ áèπ◊\-´-®·ûË, *† éπ~ùç- †’ç*.
Q. Erect, Straight, Rotate, Revolve Each, Rule over Åçö«ç.

React = Do something in response to some-
í∫-©®Ω’. ,
A. -Å-´é¬-¨¡ç ÖçC. Every, Fight against, Fight with, Acronym , a) Ashoka ruled for 30 years (Ũ-èπ◊úø’ 30
thing else - äéπ-ü∆-EéÀ Ææpçü¿-†í¬ à¢Á’iØ√ îËߪ’úøç.
P.Lingam, Nagapuram. Palindrome, Rule, Rule over, Dumb, à∞¡x-§ƒô’ §ƒLç-î√úø’.)b) Ashoka ruled over
Following, All together, Same, Garments, a vast empire.
Q. éÓúÕ-´÷ç-≤ƒEo *ÈéØ˛, ¢Ë’éπ ´÷ç≤ƒEo ´’ôØ˛,
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm