-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 11 - †-´ç-•®Ω’ 2008
Ch.V.Satyanarayana,
Ravikampadu (W.G.Dt.)
Q. Please clarify the following
doubts.
Suggestion
- Advice á°æ¤p-úÁ-°æ¤púø’
¢√ú≈L?
A. Suggestion Åçõ‰ Ææ÷. Advice = go to Madras for
Ææ©£æ… suggestion, advice Åçûª strong é¬ü¿’.
a) Go ahead and buy that house; that's my
advice to you = é¬E´¤y. Ç É-©’x- éÌØËß˝’. ÅC
Ø√ Ææ©£æ….
ÉC äéπ-°æE îËߪ’-´’E/ îËßÁ·-ü¿lE í∫öÀdí¬ îÁ°æpúøç
(advice äéπJ E®Ωgߪ÷Eo v°æ¶μ«-Nûªç îËßÁ·îª’a)
b) How about buying that house?
Why don't you buy it? Just think over it=
Ç É©’x éÌØÌîËa¢Á÷ îª÷úø’. é̆-èπÿ-úøüΔ? – ÉC
suggestion (Ææ÷)– éÌçõ‰ ᙫ Öçô’çüÓ
îª÷úø’, ÅE E®Ωg-ߪ÷Eo ¢√JÍé ´C-™‰-ߪ’úøç.
Q. Rather, Rather than Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ?
ᙫ ¢√ú≈L?
A. Ratherèπ◊ Rather than èπÿ Ææç•çüμ¿ç ™‰ü¿’.
Rather = (´’†èπ◊ †îªaE N≠æߪ’ç). é¬Ææh áèπ◊\¢Ë
ÅØË ¶μ«´ç.
a) The movie is rather boring = Ç ÆœE´÷ é¬Ææh
NÆæ’Íí.
b) The place is rather distant = Ç v°æü˨¡ç é¬Ææh
ü¿÷®Ω¢Ë’.
Rather than - äéπ-üΔ-E-éπçõ‰ – §ÚL-éπ© ’
ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç.
Rather than take the trouble of going to the
cinema, I'd like to sit at home and watch the
TV = Cinema hall
Èé∞Ïx v¨¡´’ °æ-úø-ôç éπçõ‰ Éçöx
TV
èπÿ®Ω’aE îª÷úøö«-EÍé É≠æd-°æ-úøû√.
He would rather die than tell a lie = î√´-ØÁjØ√
îª≤ƒh-úø’-í¬E, Å•ü¿l¥ç ´÷vûªç îÁ°æpúø’.
Q. Home - House ᙫ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tçî√L?
A. Home- ´’†ç -´’† èπ◊ô’ç• Ææ¶μº’u-©ûÓ E´-Æ œçîË
É©’x home. At home = Éçöx Åçõ‰ á´-JE
í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o¢Á÷ ¢√∞¡x É©’x ņo ´÷ô.
My home, his home, etc ņ-´-Ææ®Ωç.
a) He went home = Åûªúø’
¢√Rxç-öÀéÀ
¢ÁRx-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’
b) I left my cell at home = Ø√ cell (´÷) Éçöx
´’J-*-§Ú-ߪ÷†’.
House = E´-Æ œç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ °æE-éÌîËa à É©x®·Ø√.
These houses were built a century ago = Ñ
É∞¡Ÿx ¨¡û√•lç Ø√öÀN.
Q. Indirect speech™éÀ ´÷Í®a-ô-°æ¤púø’ Direct
speech ™-E go ÅØË verb, Indirect speech™
come í¬ ´÷®Ω’-ûª’çC. à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ É™« ï®Ω’-
í∫’-ûª’çC? á°æ¤púø’ ï®Ωí∫ü¿’?
A. Direct †’ç* Indirect èπ◊ ´÷Ja-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x come,
go Å´-†-éπ\-Í®xü¿’. Go á°æ¤púø÷ èπÿú≈ come
Å´ü¿’. Go, go í¬ØË Öçô’çC. Tense ´÷®Ωúøç
ûª°æp. Å®√nEo •öÀd come, go Å¢Ìya, ÅD Å°æ¤p-
úø-°æ¤púË. ÅçûË-í¬F, come ´*a†°æ¤púø™«x go Å¢√y-
©E ™‰ü¿’. Ééπ\úø Å®Ωnç ´·êuç grammar rule
é¬ü¿’.
eg: Direct speech: ''she told the beggar to
go away,'' said he to me.
Indirect speech: He told me that she had
told the beggar to go away. go, come
áéπ\ú≈
Å´yü¿’. Come †’ Å®Ωnç éÓÆæç î√™« Å®Ω’-ü¿’í¬
goí¬ ´÷®Ω’≤ƒhç.
eg: Direct speech: ''come here,'' he said to
the child.
Indirect speech: He told the child to go
there.
É™« ´÷®Ωaúøç Å®Ωnç éÓÆæ¢Ë’.To come
there
ÅE English
™ ņç éπüΔ. To go there
ÅØË Åçö«ç. ÅC í∫´’-Eç-î√-Lq† N≠æߪ’ç.
Meaning is always more important than any
grammar rule.
Q. Illegal - lawless - illegitimate -© ´’üμ¿u ûËú≈
àN’öÀ? ᙫ ¢√ú≈L? Dictionaries ™ OöÀ
Å®Ωnç äÍ陫 Öç-öç-C.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
A . Illegal= îªôdç ä°æ¤p-éÓ-EC Lawless = ii) We are going to
1) îªôdç Å´’-©’-é¬E v°æüË-¨»©’ – Åéπ\úø îªö«d©’ Madras for sum-
mer = We are
°æE-îË-ߪ’´¤, Åéπ\úÕ v°æï©’ îªö«dEo ÅÆæ©’ ™„éπ\-îË- going in the
ߪ’®Ω’. 2) îªôdç Åçõ‰ ©éπ~uç-™‰E.
coming summer
Group clashes are common there, as it is a
iii) We are going to
lawless area= îªôdç °æE-îË-ߪ’E îÓôC, Åçü¿’-éπE
´®Ω_ Ææç°∂æ’-®Ω{-ù©’ Åéπ\úø ≤ƒüμΔ-®Ωùç. summer = Very
(Lawless roads = îªôd °æJ-®Ω-éπ~-ù-™‰E, üΔJ üÓ°œ∞¡Ÿx,
soon we are starting
Every man is the architect of his own des-
for Madras to be there in summer.
£æ«ûªu©’ áèπ◊\-´í¬ ïJÍí ®Ω£æ«-üΔ®Ω’x) -
Illegitimate = Ææ´÷ïç éπô’d-¶«-ôxèπ◊ N®Ω’-ü¿l¥-¢Á’i† tiny = á´J éπ®Ωtèπ◊ ¢√Í® ¶«üμ¿’u©’.
An illegitimate child = N¢√-Ê£«-ûª®Ω Ææç•çüμ¿ç T.Bhaskar, Mandapeta. Uses: Politicians believe in making lay while
´©x °æ¤öÀd† Gúøf. I have some doubts in English, explain me. the sun shines = D°æç Öçúø-í¬ØË É©’x îªéπ\ ¶„ô’d-
Q. How to express the following dialogues in Q. vÊ°N’ÊÆh, üËy≠œÊÆh, AúÕûË, éÌúÕûË, vÊ°¢Á’iûË, ≤ƒy®Ωn-¢Á’iûË– éÓ--¢√-©-ØË -N-≠æ-ߪ÷-Eo ®√-ïéÃ-ߪ’ -Ø√-ߪ’èπ◊-©’ -†-´·t-
English. É™«çöÀ °æüΔ-©†’ English™ ᙫ îÁ§ƒpL? give û√®Ω’. So they make money while in power =
á) îª÷úø-èπ◊çú≈ ®√ߪ’çúÕ. + able = givable, giveèπ◊, able add îËߪ’úøç -Åç-ü¿’éπ-E -Å-Cμ鬮Ωç -Ö-†o°æ¤p-úË, -Åç-C-†ç-ûª
G) í∫’ç@∞¡Ÿx Bߪ’çúÕ. üΔy®√ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ àN-üμ¿çí¬ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-´îª’a. Ææç-§ƒCç-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’.
Lovable, forgivable °æüΔ-©†’ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ.
Æœ) ´çí∫’E îªü¿-´çúÕ. A. Sridhar,Kadapa.
A. vÊ°N’ÊÆh= If/ when we love
úÕ) íÓúø-èπ◊Ka ¢Ëߪ’çúÕ. Q.
éÀçC °æüΔ-©†’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
A They are not 'dialogues', but only sen-
. üËy≠œÊÆh = If/ when we hate  Floor birds
The cr own and glor y of life is character
tences. A dialogue means a
conversation. AúÕûË = If/ when we scold Floor birds ÅØË ´÷ô ™‰ü¿’.
éÌúÕûË = If/ when we beat
-Ççí∫x-¶μ«-≠æ-ù 519
a) Write without seeing/ Floor board = îÁéπ\ûÓ îËÆœ† ØË©
from memory. vÊ°¢Á’iûË = If there is love  Horror stricken
b) do sit - ups. ≤ƒy®Ωn-´’-®·ûË = If there is self- We were horror stricken
¶μºßª’-v¶μ«ç-ûª’-©-´úøç –
c) Bend and read. ishness/ If we are selfish
at the sight of the man killing his wife.
d) Lean against the wall with bent able
 Commercial aspects
îËJÊÆh – ûªT†
knees. giveable / giveable =
marketing
É´y--ü¿-T†
¢√u§ƒ®Ω/ ¢√ùÀïu Å稻©’ – ´Ææ’h-´¤©
Q. He comes on time éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? ™‰üΔ lovable =
vÊ°N’ç-îª-ü¿-T† ™«çöÀN.
He comes in time forgivable = éπ~N’ç-îª-ü¿-T† X unforgiv-  Universal appeal
éπÈ®é¬d?
A. In time = Time èπ◊ é¬Ææh ´·çü¿’ ´*a able = éπ~N’ç-îª-®√E
The
M.SURESAN
ready í¬ Öçúøôç.
Åçü¿JF Çéπ-J{çîË/ Åçü¿-Jéà ÇÆæéÀh éπL-TçîË –
Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™  ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. story of the Ramayanam has a universal
On time = Time èπ◊ ÆæJí¬_. Ææ÷®Ω’uúø’ ûª÷®Ω’pØË áçü¿’èπ◊ Öü¿-®·-≤ƒhúø’? °æúø-´’-®Ω† appeal.
 Exposure
Öü¿-®·ç-îª-èπÿ-úøüΔ?
A. The sun rises only in the east, why not in the 1)
áçúø, ¢√†, í¬L ûªT-™‰ô’x Ç®Ω’ •ßª’ô Öçúøôç,
P. Balu, Siddipet(Medak) west?/ The sun rises only in the east, but not Öçîªúøç.
in the west, why?
Q. English Because of exposure to the sun, the door
†’ ÆæúÁ-Ø˛í¬ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√-©çõ‰ î√™«
éπ≠dçæ í¬ ÖçöçC? ´÷®Ω_ç àN’öÀ? English ®√¢√- Q. éÀçC ÉçTx≠ˇ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ ûÁ©’í∫’ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. is cracking = áçúø ûªT-™‰-ô’xç-úøôç ´©x, ûª©’-
A. É-´-Fo ≤ƒ¢Á’-ûª©’ (proverbs)
©çõ‰ ¢Á·ü¿ô àN’ ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√L? Tense, Articles, °æ¤™ °æí∫’-∞Ôx-î√a®·.
Prepositions ™ ¢ËöÀE Ææ´’-®Ωnçí¬ ØË®Ω’a-èπ◊çõ‰  Casts and dogs. 2) àüÁjØ√ ņ’-¶μº´´’ßË’u °æJ-Æ œnA.
éπFÆæç 50 ¨»ûªç ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©’-í∫’û√ç? ÉçTx≠ˇ ØË®Ω’a- Cats and dogs = ïúÕ-¢√† èπ◊®Ω’-≤ÚhçC ÅØË Exposure to American culture has
It's raining cats and dogs
éÓ-´-ú≈-EéÀ ´’ç* °æ¤Ææh-é¬-©’çõ‰ îÁ°æpçúÕ. Å®ΩnçûÓ, Åçö«ç. improved her English =
Å¢Á’-J-éπØ˛ ÆæçÆæ \%A
A. O’®Ω’ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊çõ‰ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æ-ØË-N’-ôç-õ‰  Make lay while the sun shines. English
ņ’-¶μº´ç ´©x Ç¢Á’ ¶«í¬ ´%Cl¥
¶„®Ω’èπ◊ ™‰èπ◊çú≈, ûª°æ¤p îË≤ƒh-¢Ë’¢Á÷ ÅØË ¶μºßª’ç Make lay while the sun shines = áçúø
îÁçCçC.
™‰èπ◊çú≈ ´÷ö«x-úË-ߪ’-ô¢Ë’. Å™« Çûªt N¨»y-ÆæçûÓ Ö†o°æ¤púË, í∫úÕf áçúËÆæ’éÓ-¢√-L / áçúø-¶„-ô’d-éÓ-¢√L – 3) Eïç •ôd-•-ߪ’©’ îËߪ’úøç: The paper's
´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’çõ‰ ´’†èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’-èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË improve ûÁ©’-í∫’™ 'D°æç Öçúø-í¬ØË É©’x îªéπ\-°-ô’d-éÓ-¢√L— éÀ exposure of the scams of the ministers
Å´¤-ûª’çC. English newspaper Å®Ωnç Å®·Ø√, Ææ´÷†ç. has made it the enemy of the govt =
é¬éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ îªü¿-´úøç î√™« ´·êuç. *†o *†o  Slow and study wins the race.
story books in English îªü¿’-´¤ûª÷ Öçúøôç Slow and steady wins the race =
´’çvûª’© èπ◊ç¶μº-éÓ-ù«-©-†’ •ßª’-ô-°-ôdúøç ´©x
v°æ¶μº’-û√y-EéÀ °ævAéπ ¨¡vûª’-¢ÁjçC.
èπÿú≈ Ææ£æ…-ߪ’- °æ-úø’-ûª’çC.  Holding hands
EüΔ†ç, E©-éπúø Ö†o-¢√∞Ïx °æçüÁç-™ Èí©’-≤ƒh®Ω’.
ûÁ©’í∫’ ≤ƒ¢Á’ûª – EüΔ-†¢Ë’ v°æüμΔ†ç. îËûª’©’ °æô’d-éÓ-´úøç.
 Haste makes waste  Shut out
P.MuktheswaraRao,Gurajala Haste makes waste = ûÌçü¿-®Ω-§ƒô’ ´©x †≠æd¢Ë’. äéπ v°æüË-¨¡ç™éÀ ®√F-ߪ’-èπ◊çú≈ îËߪ’úøç/ à N≠æ-ߪ÷-
(Guntur).  Sweet are the uses of adversity. E-ÈéjØ√ ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ Öçîªúøç.
Q. Please clarify my doubts. We use 'ing' form Sweet are the uses of adversity =
éπ≥ƒd© Ö°æ- a) The Dalits in the olden days were shut
for some perceptional verbs. But it take an ßÁ÷í∫ç Bߪ’í¬ Öçô’çC = éπ≥ƒd© ´©x èπÿú≈ out of temples = í∫ûªç™ ü¿R-ûª’-©†’ í∫’∞¡x-™xéÀ
other meaning. We called these verbs as ¢Ë’©’ éπ©’-í∫’-ûª’çC. ®√E-îËa¢√®Ω’ é¬ü¿’.
Emotional verbs.  The crown and glory of life is character. b) Eversince he leaked out my secrets, I
Now would you please tell me how many @Nû√-EéÀ ¨¶μº èπÿÍ®aC Q©¢Ë’. have been shutting him out of my
Emotional verbs are there in English and  Prevention is better than cure. thoughts = Ø√ ®Ω£æ«-≤ƒu-©†’ Åûªúø’ •ßª’ô
explain me all of these Emotional verbs.
¢√uCμ ´*a† ûª®√yûª †ßª’ç îËÊÆç-ü¿’-éπçõ‰, ®√èπ◊çú≈ °öÀd-†-°æpöÀ †’ç*, Ø√ Ç™-îª-†©èπ◊ Åûª-úÕE
A. Like, dislike, love, hate, hope, wish, want, Ç°æúøç/ E¢√-Jç-îªúøç ´’ç*C. îÁúø’ ïJT† ûª®√yûª ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ Öç-ûª’-Ø√o†’/ ÅûªúÕéÀ Ø√ Ç™-îª-†©’
envy, etc., these verbs express feelings. °∂æL-û√-©†’ áü¿’-®Ì\ØË éπçõ‰ îÁúø’ ï®Ω-í∫èπ◊ç-ú≈ îÁ°æpúøç ™‰ü¿’.
Q. What is the difference among below sen- îª÷úøôç ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’.  Go up
tences.  A friend indeed is a friend in deed. 1) He is
üμ¿®Ω-™«xç-öÀN °®Ω-í∫úøç. 2) áü¿í∫úøç –
a) We go to Madras for summer. going up the social ladder very fast =
Correct form of the proverb:A friend in need,
b) We are going to Madras for summer. is a friend indeed = Å´Ææ-®Ωç™ Çü¿’-èπ◊ØË N’vûª’úË Ææ´÷ïç EîÁa-†™ °jéÀ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ûª’-Ø√oúø’ = Ææ´÷-
c) We are going to go to Madras for summer. indeed =
ÅÆæ-™„j† N’vûª’úø’. Eïç. ïç™ ÅûªúÕ ÆœnA/ ÅûªE ≤ƒ´÷->éπ ÆœnA ¶«í¬ áü¿’-
A. i) We go to Madras for summer = We go to  Every man is the architect of his own future.
í∫’-ûÓçC. 3) Theatres ™ ûÁ®Ω ™‰´úøç.
Madras every summer.