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August, 2010
Compiled and commented by the Political Defiance Committee (PDC)
National Council of the Union of Burma (NCUB)
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jyif;xefpmG &du k Ef uS cf =Jh uonf? a':atmifqef;pk=unf a&;om;cJo h nf@ "Freedom from Fear" pmtkyf
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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 1 of 10
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ode;f pd;k u KSPP taejzifh ygwv D yk if ef;rsm;udk qufvufvyk u f idk Ef idk o
f nf[k Zlvidk (f 16)&ufwiG f 4if;wdk@udk
ajym=um;cJah =umif; a'guw f mwl;*smu xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf?

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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 2 of 10
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Jhonf?
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wm0efcsxm;ay;&ef pDpOfaea=umif; od&&dS onf? etz tvdu k s vdu k ef mvkyaf qmifaeonf@ Adv k cf sKyfv, G af rmif;
acgi;f aqmifonf@ SSA(ajrmuf (ajrmufyidk ;f )onf “o#r;f jynfwyfrawmf” qdo k nf@trnfEiS fh vH;k 0 rvdu k zf ufa=umif;
NDAA ac: rdik ;f vm; typf&yftzGJ@acgi;f aqmif p0fpidk ;f vif; u Zlvidk v f (14)&ufae@wiG f a0befajymqdck o Jh nf?
SSA(ajrmuf (ajrmufyidk ;f ) atmufajcwyfzGJ@0ifwcsKd @rmS rl vufeufrsm;ESit fh wl SSA(awmif (awmifyidk ;f )tzGJ@xH oGm;a&mufy;l
aygi;f v#u&f =dS uonf? SSA(ajrmuf (ajrmufyidk ;f ) wzGJ@v;Hk taejzifh ,QKtcsed t f xd jynfol@ppftzGJ@tjzpf toGirf ajymif;
Edik ao;
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UWSA ESifh etzwyfrsm;. qufqaH &;tajctaersm;rSmvnf; qufvufwif;rmv#u&f o dS nf?
Zlvidk v f (17)&ufae@wiG f &Sr;f jynfajrmufyidk ;f [kyd ef+rdK@e,f eef@wpfa'otwGi;f etz wyfr(99)ESifh 0 wyfzGJ@wdk@
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UWSP ygwED iS fh UWSA wyfrawmfwdk@ &dx S m;+yD;jzpfI etzu todtrSwf jyKonfjzpfap/ rjyKonfjzpfap/
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u ygwzD GJ@+yD; a&G;aumufy0GJ if&ef jyifqifcaJh omfvnf; wyfzGJ@0if vli,fyidk ;f u vufrcHojzifh ygwrD zGJ@jzpfawmh
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a&G;aumufy0GJ if&ef jyifqifv#u&f o dS nf?
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f u dk +f yDjzpfa=umif
=umif; NMSP A[dt k vkyt f r_aqmif Edik [ f o H mbGecf u dk f
u Zlvidk v f (6)&uf
(6)&ufae@wiG f xkwaf z:ajymqdck o Jh nf? odk@aomf etzu rGejf ynfopfygwaD cgi;f aqmifrsm;. v_y&f mS ;r_
rsm;udk rsuaf jcrjywfapmif=h unf@&efESEiS fh NMSP ESifh KPF tzGJ@rsm;udk e,fjcm;apmifw h yftjzpf toGiaf jymif;
zGJ@pnf;Edik af &;twGuf qufvufzt d m;ay;&ef &wc udk !$e=f um;cJo h nf?
typf&yftzGJ@rsm;udk =o*kwv f aemufq;Hk xm;+yD; e,fjcm;apmifw h yftjzpf toGirf ajymif;ygu w&m;r0if
tzGJ@tpnf;tjzpfa=ujim+yD; ppftiftm;oH;k acsre_ ;f &ef etzu pDrcH sucf srw S v f yk af qmifv#u&f o tajctaee
dS jzifh tajcta
rsm; ydrk q dk ;dk 0g;vmEdik yf gonf?

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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 3 of 10
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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 4 of 10
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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 5 of 10
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ygwrD sm;rSmrl wjynfv;Hk wGif ajymifajymifwif;wif; pnf;&H;k v_y&f mS ;v#u&df&o Sd nf?

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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 6 of 10
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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 7 of 10
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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 8 of 10
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&mZ0wfjypfrr_ sm;udk pHpk rf;azmfxw k Ef idk &f ef ukvor*~ pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;aumfr&Sif

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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 9 of 10
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/ End of Report /Thursday, August 12, 2010

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PDC News Commentary ~ August 2010 Page 10 of 10

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