4 axmifpkjywif;*sme,f
trSwf Õ 60
t,f'Dwmhpum;
jynfaxmifpknDvmcH
jrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfa&; &,lEdkifcJhjcif;. t"du ta=umif;&if;
onf ‘jynfaxmifpkae@’ [k ,ae@ *k%f,lajymqdkae=uonfh
‘yifvkHpmcsKyf’ csKyfqdkEdkifcJhjcif;a=umifh jzpfonf[k rnfolur#
apm'uryGm;bJ wnDw!Gwfwnf; vufcHxm;=uygonf?
yifvkHpmcsKyfudk 1947 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 12 &ufae@wGif
&Srf;jynfe,f yifvkH+rdK@Y trsdK;om;acgif;aqmif OD;atmifqef;ESifh
&Srf;/ ucsif/ csif; acgif;aqmifrsm; jynfaxmifpk xlaxmifa&;ESifh/
vGwfvyfa&;udk twlwuG&,la&; oabmwlcJh=uygonf?
xdkoabmwlpmcsKyfjzifh jynfe,fjynfr rcGJrjcm; twlwuG
&yfwnfa&;rludk vufudkifxm;um aemufwESpft=umwGif vGwf
vyfa&;udk a=unmEdkifcJhonf?
yifvkHpmcsKyf csKyfqdkpOftcgESifh vGwfvyfa&;&pOftcgu jynf
axmifpkrS cGJxGufa&;twGuf awmif;qdkv_yf&Sm;r_ xifxif&Sm;&Sm;
r&SdcJhao;aomfvnf; vGwfvyfa&; touf&ifhvmonfESifhtr# jynf
axmifpka&;ESihf udk,fydkifjyÏmef;EdkifcGifh jy\emrsm; wpwpwdk;vm
cJhonf? xdkjy\emudkyif vufnd‡K;xdk; ta=umif;jycH&+yD;/
jrefrmEdkifiHonf ppftm%m&SifpepfwGif;odk@ usa&mufcJh&onfrSm
,ae@wdkif jzpfonf?
,ae@ 58 ESpft=umwGif jynfaxmifpkjy\emonf ta=umif;
tcsufwckwnf;r# r[kwfawmhbJ rsm;jym;±_yfaxG;aeonfh jy\em
}uD;wck tjzpf rsufarSmufacwf jrefrmEdkifiHom;wdk@tay: +ydKusae
avonf?
a,bk,stm;jzifh oD;jcm;EdkifiHxlaxmifa&; vrf;pOfudk tm;vkH;
vdkvdku pGef@y,fvdkuf=u+yD jzpfaomfvnf;/ tm;vkH;vdkvdkuyif
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh udk,fydkifjyÏmef;EdkifcGifh vrf;pOfwGif tcdkiftrm
&yfwnfvm=uonf? wcsdefwnf;rSmyif wcsdefu jynfaxmifpk
qdkonfhrludk jyefvnf okH;oyfvmcJh=uonf?
‘jrefrmEdkifiHonf jynfaxmifpkepfudk wu,fxlaxmifEdkifcJh
ovm;’ qdkonfhar;cGef;onf ,ae@ yg0ifv_yf&Sm;aeol wm0ef&Sdol
wdk@udk tav;teuf tajz&Smaponfh ar;cGef; jzpfvmygonf?
xdk@twl ‘jynfaxmifpkwckudk b,fvdkxlaxmifrvJ’ qdkonfh
jy\emuvnf; tem*wfudk +cdrf;ajcmufaeygonf?
jrefrmEdkifiHta&;ajz&Sif;&rnhf t"duarmif;ESiftm;onf 'Drdk
ua&pDvm;/ jynfaxmifpkvm;/ wdkif;&if;om;vm;/ jynfwGif;ppfvm;
b,f[mu ta&;}uD;qkH;vJ[k trSwfpOfxdk;jyIr&atmif wcgw&H
a&maxG;aeonfvnf; &Sdygonf?
wcsdefwnf;rSmyif urBmhtcif;tusif;Y +ydKuGJoGm;aom jynf
axmifpkrsm;rS vlrsdK;pkaoG;acsmif;pD;yGJrsm; qufwdkufjzpfay:cJh+yD;/
udk,fykdif&yfwnfa&; v_yf&Sm;r_rsm; tESH@tjym; jzpfay:vmcJhonf?
0g'udk tajccHaom EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_rsm; wpwpenf;vm+yD;
vlrsdK;udk tajccHaom EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_rsm; urBmtESH@ rsm;jym;
vmaeonf?
,Ofaus;r_aygif;pkH ,SOfwGJaexdkifa&; tawG;tjrifrsm; jyef@ESH@
Millennium Window ● 60
2005-02-05
vmcsdefrSmyif vlrsdK;a&;t& vufwkH@jyefr_rsm; r&yfrem; jzpfay:ae
onf? vlom;wdkif; vl@tcGifhta&;ESifh 'Drdkua&pD tjynfht0&&Sda&;
udk us,fus,fjyef@jyef@ }udK;pm;aecsdefrSmyif =oZmcH 'Drdkua&pDudk
azmfaqmif&ef }udK;pm;r_rsm; ydkrdkjzpfxGef;vmaeonf?
,ae@ jrefrmEdkifiHom;wdk@ &ifqdkifae&aom jynfaxmifpk jy\
emrSm ,ciftESpf ig;q,fausmfuxuf ydkrdkus,fjyef@ ydkrdk±_yfaxG;ae
onf[k qdk&rnf jzpfygonf? ajymif;vJaeaom urBmhtcif;tusif;
ESifh vdkufavsmpGmajymif;vJEdkifa&;udkyg xnfhpOf;pm;v#if jy\emrSm
wckp ESpfckp ajz&Sif;rnfhudpPr[kwfbJ ‘wckvkH;’udk ajz&Sif;&rnfh
udpPjzpfvmaeygonf?
,ae@ EdkifiHawmftm%mudk xdef;csKyfxm;aom etzu
trsdK;om;nDvmcH[k ac:aom EdkifiHa&;jzpfpOfw&yfudk twif;
t=uyf azmfxkwfaeaomfvnf; ,if;nDvmcHwGif jynfaxmifpka&;
rl0g'udk &Sif;vif;pGm awG;aEG;cGifh ay;rxm;yg? 104 csuftajccHrlwGif
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifhqkdonfh udpPyg0ifaomfvnf; ,if;udk jynfaxmif
pk ppfppf[k rnfonhf wdkif;&if;om;ur# vufrcHyg? etzcif;ae
aom ‘ppfwyf}uD;rSL;onfh EdkifiHawmfpepf’onf jynfaxmifpkudk
razmfaqmifEdkif±kHr# ru wdkif;&if;om;jynfolw&yfvkH;udk &efwkduf
ay;um ‘ppfu|efEdkifiHawmf’ xlaxmifa&; jzpfaeonfudk vlwdkif;
odae=uygonf?
urBmuyif =obmay;cJhaom ygvDref'Drdkua&pD pepfjzpfonfh
1947 tajccHOya'onfyifv#if jynfaxmifpk. tESpfom&udk
razmfaqmifEdkif[k ,ae@ a0zefae=uonfjzpf&m/ ppfygvDrefpepf
usifhokH;rnfh etztajccHOya'onf jynfaxmifpkudk rnfodk@rS azmf
aqmifEdkifrnfr[kwfonfrSm xif&Sm;ygonf?
vufawG@tm;jzifhvnf; wdkif;&if;om;rsm;udk ppfa&;t& tjrpf
jywfacsr_ef;a&;rlrS wjym;om;rS ravsmhbJ tESpfajcmufq,feD;yg;
jynfwGif;ppfudk arG;xm;jcif;/ wdkif;&if;om;a'orsm;wGif ppfwyfu
zdESdyf&ufpufjcif;rsm; qufwdkufjyKvkyfaeqJ jzpfonf? xdkodk@ jyKvkyf
aeor# jynfaxmifpkxlaxmifa&;qdkonfrSm ykHjyifom jzpfygonf?
pifppf jrefrmEdkifiHudk jynfaxmifpk tjzpfxlaxmifvdkonf
qdkv#if xdkjynfaxmifpkxJwGif yg0ifrnfh vlxkudk,fpm;vS,frsm;
rsufESmpkHnD awG@qkHaqG;aEG;I tajz&Sm&efrSwyg; tjcm;enf;vrf;
r&Sdyg? urBmay:&Sd jynfaxmifpkwdkif;udk xdkokd@yif wnfaxmifcJh=u
jcif; jzpfygonf?
xdkodk@ wdkif;&if;om; jynfolvlxk udk,fpm;vS,frsm;ygonfh
‘jynfaxmifpknDvmcH’ udk tm%mtaESmiftzGJ@ uif;vGwfpGm
rusif;yEdkifao;rcsif; jrefrmEdkifiHonf jynfaxmifpkESifh a0;aeOD;rnf
om jzpfygonf?
etz. trsdK;om;nDvmcHtpm; jynfaxmifpknDvmcH usif;y
Edkifa&;onf ,ae@jrefrmEdkifiHom;wdkif;. yckH;ay:wGif a&muf&Sdae
onfh tem*wf pdrfac:r_wckyif jzpfygonf?
Ò