jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

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avv$ifhaecJhonfrSm ESpfaygif;renf;awmhyg? wESpf+yD;wpfESpftouf}uD;vmovkd
t=um;tjrif A[kokwvnf;wkd;cJhonf? urBmh&Gm wjznf;jznf;usOf;vmonf?
arG;&yfajrutar wae@xufwae@ tkpd moGm;cJhonf?
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prf;zkd@ usaemfajcvSrf;pcJhonf? ESpfaygif; (20)twGif; yDuif;rS &Sef[kdif;/ uGrfwkefrS
a[mifaumif/ e,l;a,mufrS 0g&Sifwef/ awmiftar&dum;rS awmiftmz&duxd/
xkdrSwqifh vef'efrSqpf'feD tvkyfvkyf&if; vSnfhvnf&if; usaemfa&mufcJhzl;aom
EkdifiHrsm; (20)ausmfcJhonf? ae&mopfwck a&mufwkdif; pdwfopfvlopf ywf0ef;usif

50
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;
topfjzifh usaemfajymif;vJEkdifcJhzl;onf?
ok@d aomf pdwx f w J iG t
f arhuv dk rG ;f qGwrf u_
b,fawmhrS rajymif;vJEkdifcJh? IP zkef;u'f
av;awGay:vmrStarhukd usaemfr=um
c% zk e f ; quf E k d i f c J h o nf ? zk e f ; xJ w G i f
tar.at;csrf;aomtoHonf b0.
pdefac:r_awGukd &ifqkdifzkd@ usaemfhtwGuf
tiftm;ykdjzpfapcJhonf? tarh.toHrSm
wES p f x uf w ES p f yk d t k d p moG m ;cJ h o nf ?
tarESifhzkef;ajymwkdif; usef;rma&;ukd
*±kpkdufzkd@/ tarhukdpdwfrylzkd@/ ae&mwum
owde@J omG ;vmzk@d / jyefvm&if aiGuek af =u;
usrsm;+yD ; tvk y f t uk d i f y suf r nf j zpf
a=umif; xyfwvJvJajymonf? usaemf
pdwrf aumif;jzpfro d nf? tar usaemfu h dk
vGrf;ae+yD awG@csifae+yDqkdwm usaemf
odvkdufygonf?
tar (75)ESpf&Sdyg+yD? usaemfvuf
ab;utvk y f a wG u k d c s pd w f x J u tpD
tpOfawGudkzsuf+yD; tarhqDwvjyefzkd@
usaemf q k H ; jzwf v k d u f o nf ? xk d w v
twGif; bmrSrvkyf/ bmrSrawG;bJ tarh
tem;wGifaernf?
usaemfjyefvmcJhrnfhta=umif;
tarh u k d zk e f ; quf t a=umif ; =um;+yD ;
aemuf tarpwif t pD t pOf q G J a wmh
onf? rSwfpkpmtkyfwpftkyfjzifh usaemf
}udKufaom tpm;tpmrsm;rSwf/ usaemf
i,fi,fu}udKufaom tdyf,mcif;ukd
jyefjyifcsKyf/ usaemfa&mufwek ;f tqifoifh
0wfz@dk t 0wftpm;awGjyifqif&if; tar
tvkyaf wG±y_ af ecJo h nfudk usaemfaemufrS
odc&hJ onf? touf (75)ESp&f adS e+yjD zpfaom
tar/ v_yv f y_ &f mS ;&Sm;vkyaf e&ifarmwwf
wJt h ar usaemfjyefvmzk@d twGuf jyifqif
&if; armzkd@arhae+yDjzpfa=umif; usaemfcH
pm;rdonf?
av,mOfay:wGif tarESiahf wG@onhf
tcg tarh u k d a jy;+yD ; zuf v k d u f r nf [ k
pdwu f ;l ESi=fh unfE;l aerdonf? wu,fwrf;
tarESihfawG@onfhtcg usaemfajy;rzuf
rd/ tdraf ygu0f wGi}f udKaeaom taronf
opfajcmuftkdyifESihfwlaeonf? rsufESm
ay:u t&pftpif;rsm;a=umifh taronf
t&ify&Hk yd Ef iS rhf wlawmh? tar awmfawmf
tkdpmoGm;cJhygvm;?
tdrfjyefa&mufv#if a&mufcsif;
t&ifu usaemf}uKdufcJhaom[if;rsm;ukd
pwifcsuðf yyfawmhonf? ok@d aomf xk[ d if;
rsm;uk d usaemf r }ud K uf a wmh a =umif ;
tarhukd rajymjzpfcJh? rsufpdr_efvm+yD
jzpfaoma=umifh [if;rsm;u iefwcGuf
aygh w cG u f j zif h t&omrsm;t&if E S i f h
rwlawmh? usaemfh twGufjyifqifxm;
aom tdyf,mcif;rSmvnf; *Grf;ppfppf
touf}u;D vmvk@d pum;ajym&mrSm a&S@aemufrnDbJ
ta=umif;t&mawGuidk garhomG ;wJt h cg tcsed af y;+y;D
pOf;pm;cGiahf y;yg/ pum;ta=umif;t&mawGu igt h wGuf
ta&;r}u;D ygb;l ? ab;uaeigajymor#udk
em;axmifay;&ifauseyfyg+y?D
apmifxlxl}uD;awGjzpfonf? xkdapmif
xl x l } uD ; rsm;uk d ð cH t d y f & wJ h tusih f
usaemf h r S m r&d S a wmh ? *G r f ; apmif t pm;
okd;ar$;apmifEkEkav;yJ okH;awmha=umif;
tarhukd usaemfrajymjzpfcJh? usaemfjyef
vmwm tarhukdvGrf;vkd@/ awG@csifvkd@yJ
av?
tdrjf yefa&mufpESp&f ufwiG f tvkyf
rsm;±_yfaeaoma=umihf tarESifhpum;
aumif;aumif;rajymjzpfcJh? ajymjzpfjyef
awmhvnf; vl@jzpftifrsm; vl@b0t
a=umif;rsm;ukd xyfwvJvJajymaeawmh
onf? xkt d a=umif;rsm;onf vGecf ahJ om
q,f E S p f c ef @ u tartyf a =umif ; xyf
atmif ajymcJhaompum;rsm;jzpfonf?
xkdta=umif;t&mESifh usaemf.b0ESihf
tvkyfta=umif;ukd ckdif;E_dif;+yD;ajymawmh
onf? usaemfpdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpf
vmv#if xkdta=umif;t&mrsm;onf
acwfaemufusae+yDjzpfa=umif; ajymrd
v#if taronfawGawGav; wae&m&m
ukd ai;=unhfaewwfonf?
rsufpdawG r_ef0g;vm+yDjzpfaom
a=umifh tar[if;csu&f mwGif oef@&iS ;f r_udk
OD;pm;ray;awmha=umif; usaemfowdðy
rdvmonf? tarcsufaom[if;xJwGif
wcgw&H ykd;aumifrsm;/ ,ifaumifrsm;yg
vmwwfovkd xrif;[if;rsm;=urf;jyif
ay:okd@usv#ifvnf; jyefaumufxnfh
vmwwf o nf ? tajctaersm;onf
,cifuESirhf wlawmh? tdrw f iG rf csupf m;yJ
qkdifrsm;wGif rSmpm;&efajymaomtcg
tjyifpmrsm;onf npfywfa=umif; use;f rm
a&;ESirhf nD!w
G af =umif; ajymonf? xrif;
csuftazmfwa,muf &Smxm;cJhrnf[k
ajymjyefv#if igv_yf&Sm;Ekdifao;onf? ig
rtkdao;[k usaemfhudkpdwfqkd;avonf?
usaemfòrdŒxJokd@oGm;v#if tarvnf;
vkdufcsifonf? aemufqkH;wGif tarhajc
vSrf;a=umifh vkd&mokd@ra&mufEkdifcJh?
ta=umif;t&m wckckaqG;aEG;rd
51
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

jyefv#iv f nf; usaemfht,ltqrsm;onf onf? “igtkdoGm;aomtcg”[k pOfwyf yg+yD?

rSm;ae+yjD zpfa=umif;/ vrf;rSm;vku d af e+y[
D k
tarxifaeonf? t&m&mwkdif;onf
acwfESifhtnD wkd;wufae+yDjzpfa=umif;
ukad wmh usaemftm;rempGm tarhuadk jym
jzpfcJhonf?
aemufyidk ;f tarESiahf jymjzpfcahJ om
pum;0kdif;wGif usaemfonfpdwftaESmifh
t,Sufjzpf+yD; pum;vrf;a=umif;v$Jjcif;
rsm;ukd vkyfvmrdonf? usaemfpdwfr&Snf
aomtcsdefwGif pum;oHukdtus,f}uD;
ajymrdjcif;/ pum;jzwfjcif;rsm;ðyvkyfrd
aomtcg taronfajymvufp pum;
ukd&yf+yD; awGawGav;ESifh E_wfqdwfae
wwfonf?
cGihfwvjynfhI usaemfjyefcgeD;
tcsdefwGif taronf ukwifatmufu
aowWma[mif;wckjzifh ESpf&Snfvrsm;
odr;f xm;aom owif;pmjzwfyidk ;f rsm;ukd
usaemfhtm;ay;avonf? xkdowif;pm
jzwfykdif;rsm;rSm usaemfjynfya&mufpOf
usaemfa&mufcJhzl;or#EdkifiHwGif jzpfysuf
cJzh ;l aom owif;rsm;yifjzpfonf? usaemfh
ukdjy&ef xkdjzwfykdif;rsm;ukd *±kwpkdufn‡yf
+yD; tarodrf;xm;jcif;jzpfonf? usaemfh
vuf x J o k d @ tyf + yD ; usaemf E S i f h t wl , l
aqmifoGm;apvkdonf?
rsuf r S e f x l u k d w yf pmzwf w k d i f ;
tm;pkduf&wJhtar owif;pmwrsufESm
csif;ukd ukefatmifzwf+yD; xkdjzwfykdif;ukd
rnfr# cufcufcJcJn‡yfcJhonfqkdwmukd
usaemftod/ ok@d aomf tok;H r0ifawmhaom
xk d o wif ; pmrsm;uk d usaemf , l r oG m ;
csifay? usaemfawGa0aeonfhtckdufwGif
tarhvufxJrSm jzwfykdif;av;wckvGifh
usoG m ;onf ? usaemf h x uf O D ; atmif
taruaumuf,lvkduf+yD; tusôtdwf
xJokd@xnfhvkdufonf? “bmjzwfykdif;
av;vJarar usaemfhukdjyygvm;” tar
awGawGav;ESiu hf rf;ay;+yD; xrif;pm;cef;
xJokd@ xGufoGm;vkdufonf?
usaemfcsufcsif; zwf=unfhrdvkduf
52
xm;aom2004-12 vykdif; 6 &ufae@u
aqmif ; yg;av;jzpf o nf ? aqmif ; yg;
av;rSm æ æ æ
“igtkdoGm;wJhtcg”
igtkdoGm;wJhtcg ig[mt&ifu
igr[kwfawmhbl;/ ighukdem;vnfay;yg/
pdwf&Snf&Snfxm;qufqHay;yg/
csdeJ@eJ@vufawGeJ@ xrif;[if;awG
tusôay:avmif;rdwJhtcg/ zdeyfóud;awG
csnzf @dk arhomG ;wJt h cg/ igu h rdk &GyH ge@J / i,fi,f
wkef;u igoifay;chJwmawG aus;Zl;ðy+yD;
owd&ay;yg?
tyfa=umif;xyfru ajymcJhzl;wJh
pum;awGukd igjyefajymrdwJhtcg pum;
rjzwfyJ aus;Zl;ðy+yD;em;axmifay;yg/
i,fi,fwkef;utdyf&m0ifwkdif; waxmifh
wnyk H j yif a wG u k d r±k d ; atmif a jym&if ;
igacsmhodyfcJhzl;wmawGukd owd&ay;yg?
rv_y&f mS ;Ekid vf @dk a&;csK;d zk@d tultnD
vkw d thJ cg igu h rdk òijdiifyge@J / i,fi,fwek ;f u
acsmhwvSnfhajcmufwcg a&csKd;ay;cJhzl;wJh
ykH&dyfav;ukd jrifa,mifay;yg?
acwfopf enf;ynmopfawGukd
rodem;rvnfcJh&if ighukdravSmifygeJ@/
i,f i ,f w k e f ; u “bma=umif h ” qk d w J h
ar;cGef;wkdif;ukd pdwf&SnfpGmigjyefajzcJhwm
ukd owd&ay;yg?
pdwfoGm;wkdif;ukd,fryg EGrf;vs+yD;
vrf;rav#mufEkdifwJhtcg cGeftm;ygwJh
vufwpkeH @J igu h u dk w
l aJG y;yg/ vrf;av#muf
oifpt&G,fwkef;u wvSrf;csif; vSrf;
av#mufusifhay;cJhzl;wmukd aus;Zl;ðy+yD;
owd&ay;yg?
touf}uD;vmvk@d pum;ajym&m
rSm a&SŒaemufrnDbJ ta=umif;t&mawG
ukd igarhoGm;wJhtcg tcsdefay;+yD;pOf;pm;
cGifhay;yg/ pum;ta=umif;t&mawGu
ightwGufta&;r}uD;ygbl;? ab;uae
igajymor#ukdem;axmifay;&if auseyf
wae@xufwae@ tkdpmoGm;wJh
ighukd=unfh+yD; 0rf;renf;ygeJ@/ em;vnfay;
yg tm;ay;yg/ t&ifwkef;u vl@b0wuf
vrf;twGuif gvrf;!Gecf o hJ vkd tckcsed rf mS
ighb0aemufqkH;tcsdeftwGuf tazmfðy
ay;yg/ tcspef @J at;jrr_awGudk igðyH;ðyH;av;
vufcHrSmyg? tJ'DtðyH;awGxJrSm rqkH;wJh
igh a rW m awG u k d awG @ &rS m yg?
usaemf rsuf&nfrusatmifxdef;
&if; rem;wrf;qk;H atmif zwfvu dk rf o
d nf?
usaemfah owWmxJu taumif;qk;H t0wf
wpkHukdxm;cJh+yD; xkdjzwfykdif;rsm;ukdxnfh
vk d u f o nf ? usef a omjzwf yk d i f ; rsm;u
usaemfhtwGuf tokH;r0ifaomfvnf;
xk d a qmif ; yg;ygaom jzwf y k d i f ; av;rS m
usaemfb,fae&ma&mufa&muf usaemf
tyg; t+rJrcGmawmh?
,ckxufxd xkrd eS af bmifoiG ;f xm;
aom jzwfykdif;av;rSm usaemfhpm=unfh
pm;yGJay:wGif&Sdaeonf? usaemfhvkdb0wl
trd a jruk d c G J + yD ; tarES i f h a 0;aeol r sm;
twGuf xkad qmif;yg; wifjyvku d yf gonf?
t+rJzkef;rqufEkdifaomfvnf; tcg}uD;
&uf } uD ; rsm;wG i f tarh u k d z k e f ; quf + yD ;
owd&a=umif;/ usef;rma=umif;/ tar
csufaom [if;rsm;ukdpm;csifa=umif; æ?
Ekdif;Ekdif;pae
24-9/ 2005?
(tuef@towfrsm;a=umifh pma&;ol
Edkif;Edkif;paexHrS azmfjycGifhrawmif;cHEdkif
cJhyg)?
a'gif;tdk;a0 t,f'Dwm
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