jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

0rf;enf; rSww
f rf;

jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD; (ausmif;om;wyfrawmf)rS wyfzGJ@0if &Jabmfjrifhatmif(c)

&Jabmf*k±konf 2008-ckESpf/ Edk0ifbm(20)&uf eHeuf (1)em&D (10)rdepfwGif OD;aESmuf aoG;a=umaygufa&m*gjzifh ±kwfw&uf
uG,v f eG u
f sq;kH oGm;cJyh gonf?
&Jabmfjrifah tmif(c)&Jabmf*±k o k nf ausmif;om;wyfrawmf. A[dak umfrwD0ifa[mif;wOD;jzpf+yD; ru'w rS xkwaf 0aom
a'gif;tdk;a0pmapmif. vuf&Sd t,f'DwmtzGJ@0ifwOD;vnf; jzpfygonf?
&Jabmfjrifhatmif(c)&Jabmf*k±konf trnft&if; aev jzpf+yD; 8888 ta&;awmfyHk}uD;wGif &efukefc±dkif ausmif;om;or~
wGif OUÏtjzpf wuf½upGm yg0ifaqmif&GufcJholjzpf+yD; 8888 ta&;awmfyHk}uD;t+yD;wGif vufeufudkifawmfvSefa&;vkyf&eftwGuf
ausmif;om;wyfrawmfodk@a&muf&Sdvmum ,ck uG,fvGefusqHk;csdeftxd ausmif;om;wyfrawmf.wm0efrsm;udk ausyGefpGm
xrf;aqmifaeolwOD;jzpfygonf?
&Jabmf*k±konf bavmfh*g udkjrifhaZ tjzpf xif&Sm;aom bavmhf*gwOD;jzpf+yD; jrihfaZ/ udkzdk;aZ/ yGifhopf(u&defuef)
uavmiftrnfrsm;jzifh uAsm/ aqmif;yg;/ &o tufaq;/ 0wˆKwd/k tawG;tjrifpmay ponfjzifh awmfveS af &; tusK;d ðypmayrsm;pGmudk
a'gif;tdk;a0/ rdk;óud;/ acwfòydif/ ±dk;r-3 wdk@wGif a&;om;cJholwOD; jzpfygonf?
&Jabmfjrifhatmif(c)&Jabmf*k±k ,ckvdk ±kwfw&ufuG,fvGefusqHk;cJh&onfhtwGuf a'gif;tdk;a0 t,f'DwmtzGJ@rS rsm;pGm
0rf;enf;a=uuGJ&yga=umif;ESifh &Jabmfjrifhatmif(c)&Jabmf*k±konf ppftm%m&Sifpepf zsufodrf;a&;/ 'Drdkua&pDa&;wdkufyGJwGif
ordkif;wm0efausyGefpGm aqmif&GufEdkifaom vli,fausmif;om;wOD;tjzpf a'gif;tdk;a0pmapmifrS txl;*k%fðy rSwfwrf;wiftyf
ygonf?

t,f'w D mtzG@J
a'gif;tdk;a0 pmapmif
ausmif;om;wyfrawmf (ABSDF)

18
jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

pmrsufEmS opf wck

(uAsm)
woufv;Hk pmtwGuf
ADG'D,dkESpfacGu azmfusL;Ekdifygovm;?

b0qkdwm cyfyg;yg;ayr,fh w&m;udk cifwG,fpdwf[m ykdeuf±_dif;av

acwfu jyXmef;awmh OD;acgi;f udk tav;teuf!w ¸ cf hJ
oHwidk af wGaemuf 'g[mvnf;
awmifwef;awGay: ol@0efudk r#a0,lcJhwmyg?
ukd,hfa&G;cs,fr_eJ@ ukd,fypfwifcJhol
(tckawmh æ) nifomwkd;wdwftdyfpufcJhaygh? wcgwav ðyH;rdw,f
rD;yef;qefqef
igw@dk uk,
d yf idk v
f rf;rSm pum;vkH;eJ@ csD;rGrf;r_awGta=umif;?
wpkw
H a,mufukd qk;H ±_;H &av
usawmfuawmh
yGa,mif;aewJh cspfjcif;arwWmawG=unfh&if;
twlxidk zf ;l wJh
,kdifeJ@eJ@ uGyfyspfuav;ta=umif;yJ awG;aerdw,f?

jrifhaZ
16-6/ 2005? wGifuG,fvGefoGm;aom &Jabmfxufrkd;twGuf æ

19
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

tar ³³³ (tufaq;)

usaemfhtaronf a*:uD.tar
vkd ypPnf;rJhvlwef;pm;bufrS &yfwnfcJh
olr[kwfcJh? odef;azjrifh. tarvkdvnf;
om;wa,muf wuUokdvfoGm;rnfh bl
wm±ko H @dk vkud yf @dk Ekid o
f nfh tarr[kwcf yhJ g?
okd@aomf ol@wb0vkH;ay;qyfcJhonfh cspf
aom cifyGef; (taz)ESifh arG;zGm;cJhaom
om; (usaemf)wkd@/ xkdolwkd@uG,faysmuf
aeonfhumvtwGif; xkdolwkd@twGuf
0rf;enf;&r_rsm;? cHpm;&r_rsm;udk zkH;uG,f
vsuf usefonfholrsm;udk vlwvkH;ol
wvk;H jzpfajrmufatmif ðypkapmifah &SmufchJ
ol jzpfonf?
tar qkd;qkd;&Gm;&Gm; usef;rma&;
raumif;bl;wJh? tJ'Dowif;0ifvmawmh
usaemfbmvky&f rSe;f rodawmh? &wJo h wif;
xJrSm taru usaemfhudkpum;ajymcsif
w,fvkd@ ajymxm;w,f? bmukdajymcsif
wmvJ? bma=umifah jymcsiw f mvJ? touf
t&G,t f rdk if;aewJh ouf}uD;&G,t f dk tar
u usaemfhudkoHo&mtwGuf bmrsm;
rSmcsifwmvJ? usaemfuawmh tarhudk
arharhavsmah vsmx h m;cJwh m ESpf (20)eD;eD;
wkid cf +hJ yD?

20
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;
usaemfx h H ylaqG;aomursm;pGmukd
tarxnhfcJhyg+yD? ESpf (20)a0;cJhaom/
arhavsmhaeqJjzpfaom om;wa,muf
twGuf b0.rsm;ajrmifvaS om 'kurQ sm;
=um;wGijf zwfoef;cJ&h onfh taru trSwf
&onfw?hJ aus;Zl;wifvyS gonf? usaemfh
udk,fusaemf t&Sufw&m;rJhwwfvGef;ol
okd@wnf;r[kwf aus;Zl;w&m;rJholtjzpf
qkdcsifqkd=uygapawmh? usaemf tarhudk
arhavsmhvGef;cJhvSw,fqkdwmawmh 0efcH
yg&ap? (tedrq hf ;Hk ae@pOf jzwfoef;&onfh
b0twGif; pOf;pm;r_rsm;xJwGif tarhudk
arhavsmah ewwfygonf?
tar bmrsm;ajymcsifygvdrfh? pOf;
pm;=unhfawmh tarhvkd cyf±kd;±dk;awmol
wa,mufrmS ajymp&mpum;rsm; cyfrsm;
rsm;r&SdvS? om;wa,mufudk rd±kd;zvm
bmomt&rSmcsiw f m &Sad umif;&SEd idk o
f nf?
t&ufaomufwm enf;enf;avsmhbkd@
jzpfaumif;jzpfEidk o f nf? yg&rDjznfb h uf &Sm
aumif;&Smckdif;wmjzpfEkdifonf? okd@wnf;
r[kwf tarhtdrfudkjyefvmzkd@ ajymjcif;
jzpfaumif; jzpfEkdifonf? bmvkd@qkdawmh
vifuvnf; Ekid if aH &;orm;/ om;uvnf;
awmfvSefa&;orm;jzpfaomfvnf; ol@vkd
Ekid if aH &;em;rvnfonfh awmolwa,muf
uawmh jrefrmwk@d .±k;d &mt& rdom;pkawG
pkpk±kH;±kH; aygif;pnf;aexkdifonfudk jrifcsif
ayrnf?
tarhykH&dyfukd owd&rdonf? nDr
av;ESihftarwkd@ usaemhfxH (awmwGif;)
vmvnfonfh tcsed /f olw@dk yaHk wGu EGr;f EGr;f
zwfzwf/ om;ESit hf udu
k kd awG@csiaf Zmom
ygI xifrdonf? usaemfvnf; bmrSr
wwfEkdif? tarvnf; bmrSrajym? nDr
av;uawmh awmif=unfhajrmuf=unfh?
xkdtcsdefwGif taru aomuawGpkykH
aecJh+yD? axmif0ifpmeyfrSefzkd@ta&;? om;
orD;awG ausmif;xm;zkd@ ta&;?
usaemfhtaronf a*:uD.tar
vkd ypPn;f rJv h w
l ef;pm;bufrS &yfwnfco hJ l
r[kwfcJh? odef;azjrifh. tarvkdvnf;
taruvnf; jyef&rnf
udk ar#mjf cif;awmhrjzpfEidk ?f
uGu
J mG oGm;wJh om;wa,muf
udk b,fawmhrS jyefrawGŒ
Ekid af wmhqw dk hJ pdwu f ;l ay:
tajccH_y;D usaemfu h pkd um;
ajymcsiyf &Hk onf? usaemfu
a&m vdyjf ymvkv H eHk ŒJ pum;
ajymqk0d yhH ghrvm;? odyaf wmh
rxif?
om;wa,muf wuUokdvfoGm;rnfh bl
wm±ko H @dk vku
d yf @dk Ekid o
f nft
h ar r[kwcf yhJ g?
okd@aomf ol@wb0vkH;ay;qyfcJhonfh cspf
aomcifyGef; (taz)ESifh arG;zGm;cJhaom
om; (usaemf)wkd@/ xkdolwkd@ uG,faysmuf
aeonfhumvtwGif; xkdolwkd@twGuf
0rf;enf;&r_rsm;/ cHpm;&r_rsm;udk zkH;uG,f
vsuf usefonfholrsm;udk vlwvkH;olw
vk;H jzpfajrmufatmif ðypkapmifah &Smufco
jzpfonf?
usaemfjyefpO;fpm;rdonf/ usaemf
tarhudk bmrsm;ay;EkdifcJhygovJ æ qkd
onfudk? pifppfawmh usaemfhudk taru
olay;cJhEkdifonfrsm;udkom ay;cJhonf?
arG;cJhonf? vlvm;ajrmufatmif ðypkcJh
onf? xk@d aemufwiG f usaemfreS o f nfxif
onft h &mukd vkycf o
hJ nf? bmrS jyefray;
EkdifcJh? TtwGufa=umifh ukd,fhudk,fudk
usaemfowfrw S o
f nfu usaemfu tar
ESihfywfoufI t,lorm;?
taruvnf; jyef&rnfudk ar#mf
jcif;awmhrjzpfEkdif? uGJuGmoGm;wJh om;
wa,mufudk b,fawmhrS jyefrawG@Ekdif
awmhqkdwJhpdwful;ay: tajccH+yD; usaemfh
udk pum;ajymcsiyf &Hk onf? usaemfua&m
vdyfjymvkHvkHeJ@ pum;ajymqkd0Hhyghrvm;?
odyfawmh rxif? usaemfhxHrS tarukd
ay;EkdifonfrSm rsuf&nfrsm;ESifhwm0ef
ra=ur_ a&maESmaeygvdrhfrnf? Tonf
uvnf; acwf.w&m;yif?
bmyJjzpfjzpf æ? tarhudk bmrS
rvkyfay;EkdifcJhwJh om;wa,mufuawmh
pum;ajym&ygvdrhfrnf? aocsmonfu
awmh usaemfhtaruawmh tarhEkd@bkd;
rauswJhom;qkd+yD; tjypfwifuJh&JŒrSm
r[kwfbl;qkdwm ol@arwWmawGeJ@Ed_if;,SOf
ae&wmudku pdwfauseyfp&myg?
hJ l yGifhopf (u&defuef)
ÔÔÔ
21
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

opfaphav;rsm;tdyaf ecsed f yGiv

hf ef;zdŒk twGuf
jyifqif-u&atmif
(tawG;tjrif)

'Dvdk æ xlyed ;f arSmifru dk af ewJh acwf}u;D / pepf}u;D atmufrmS æ opfaphawG wcsed rf mS yGivhf ef;cGi/hf
rsK;d yGm;cGi&hf atmif vkyx f m;zk@d æ vkad eyg+yD æ? opfaphawGe@J wlwhJ rsK;d qufopfawG rqG@H toGm;atmif?
&Sifoef}uD;jyif;cGifh&atmif olwkd@tdyfae &wJhumvav;rSm xm0&tdyfraysmfoGm;zkd@twGuf
&SifoefEkdifr,fhtaetxm; tajctae/ a&cHajrcHav;awG zefwD;ay;=uygpkd@?
wae@u æ tvkyfvnf; rvkyfcsif? tdyfuvnf; tdyfcsifeJ@? 2007 ckESpf/ {+yDv xkwf
pHy,fjzLpmtkyfav;udk tomav; ,l+yD; tcef;xJ0if+yD; zwfvkdufwm æ tdyfcsifpdwfvnf;
aysmufomG ;w,f/ rtdyaf tmifvnf; xde;f xm;vku d &f w,f? zwfrw d ahJ qmif;yg;av;u vGwv f yftrd f
a&;xm;wJh ‘opfaphrsm;tdyfaecsdefESifh ynma&; waphwapmif;’qkdwmyg?

bmowif;vJqadk wmh w±kwjf ynftv,fyidk ;f rSm a&S;a[mif;tkw*f l

wckuzkd iG ahf wmh ESpaf ygif; waxmifoufwrf;&Sw d J y'krmR -umaphav;
wckukd awGŒowJ?h tJ'rD mS opfaphav;udk rsK;d yGm;Ekid /f ryGm;Ekid pf rf;
-unfah wmh yGm;Ekid af o;wmudk awGŒ&w,fqydk ?J

22
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;
aqmif;yg;ptzGirhf mS w±kwjf ynfu
owif;wyk'ef @J pygw,f? aqmif;yg;&Siu
ol@rw d af qGwOD;u ajymwmwJ?h bmowif;
vJqkdawmh w±kwfjynftv,fykdif;rSm
a&S;a[mif;tkw*f w l ckuzkd iG ahf wmh ESpaf ygi;f
waxmifoufwrf;&SdwJ y'krRm=umaph
av;wckudk awG@owJh? tJ'DrSm opfaph
av;udk rsK;d yGm;Ekid /f ryGm;Ekid f prf;=unfah wmh
yGm;Ekid af o;wmudk awG@&w,fqydk ?J th=H o
zG,faumif;wmu opfaphav;&JŒtdyfae
wJhtcsdef[m ESpfwaxmif æ ykHrSefrsKd;aph
awGqkd&if wESpfausmfw,fqkd&ifyJ ydef±_H
ajcmuf a oG @ +yD ; rsKd ; jywf o G m ;wJ h t rsKd ;
r[kwv f m;?
tJ'gav;zwf&if;eJ@ wGHaw;odef;
wef&JŒoDcsif;awmifrS trSwf&vkdufao;
w,f? ‘y'krRm=um&,f/ usKyf&nf;pm;eJ@
nm;atmif apmifhOD;uG,f’qkdwJh pmom;
vkdaygh? jzpfvnf; jzpfEkdifw,f? w±kwf
jynf&ŒJ orkid ;f uvnf; '¾m&Dtrsm;om;
r[kwfvm;? e*g;Ekdif"m;xJu Zmwfvkduf
awG usdefpmqkdxm;wJh opfaphav;vnf;
jzpfEidk wf mud;k ?
xm;awmh/ ynm&Sirf sm;u opfaph
av;*lxrJ mS a&mufaewJu h mvudak c:wm
ok;d aqmif;vkad c:&if (Dormant Period)
qkdyJ? opfaphav;tdyfaecsdefvkd@ jrefrmr_
aqmif;yg;&Sifuqkdw,f? tJ'Dvkd bmvkd@
rsK;d yGm;Ekid v
f q J &dk if olrsK;d yGm;zk@d wu
G f vkt d yf
wJh taetxm;tm;vk;H udk 'Dopfaphav;
u &vk@d qw dk mygy?J ajcmufaoG@r/_ ajrtae
txm;/ at;pufr_ pojzihaf ygAh sm? usaemf
uawmh pdw0f ifpm;wm 'Dopfaphav;vkyd J
tjcm;&SifoefcGifhr&bJ acguf±kd;usKd;aewJh
ykHpHcGufxJu ta=umif;t&mawGudkyg?
aqmif;yg;&Sifu uarBm'D;,m;u
ykad ygah cwfe@J tckumvrsK;d qufopfawG&ŒJ
ynma&;udkavhvmr_udk E_dif;,SOfjyxm;
ygw,f? ykad ygh æ vufxufu oknacwf
udk jyefoGm;bkd@=uHpnfw,f? qkdvkdwmu
ynmwwfaeolawG[m t&if;&Sifynm
a&;&J ΠtapcH a wG j zpf w ,f ? 'ga=umif h
'DynmwwfawGxJu tawG;tac:awG
f dk udk &Sif;zkd@qkd&if owfypf&r,f? rsufrSef
wwfwm[m ynmwwfjcif;&JŒt"dy`m,f
azmfusL;csufjzpfw,f? 'ga=umifh rsufrSef
wwfolawGudk &Sif;ypf&r,f? pojzihfaygh
æ ukd,f,kH=unfwJh0g'&JŒw&m;udk,f udk
rqkyfudkifrdbJ ukd,fvkd&mudkaumufcsuf
qGJ+yD; 0rf;enf;zG,f&m pufqkyfzG,f&m vl
owfyaJG wGukd usi;f ycJ=h uw,f? yifu, kd f
rsufaphr_efwJholawmifrS rsufrSefrwyf&J
awmhb;l ? tJ't D jzpftysuuf kd oknacwf
uk, d jf rifcwhJ /hJ ud,
k xf ad wGŒcJh
wJhb0t&udku aemifvm
r,fh opfaphav;awGtyd af e
&ifawmifrS aemifwcsdefrSm
jyef & S i f o ef v mapEk d i f r ,f h
taetxm;udzk efw;D zkŒd tyf
ESif;cJhyg_yD? olwkdŒtem*wf
0if;yapzkŒd twGuf usaemfwŒdk
u ykc;Hk eJŒxrf;wif-u&r,f
qkwd qh J ENeŒJ a&;vku d yf gw,f?
vkd@ &nf!¸ef;wmyg?
'gayr,fh 'DumvrSmawmh 'Dvkd
r[kwfawmhygbl;/ uarBm'D;,m; &Jwuf
vmwJhrsKd;qufopfawG[m tefaum0yf
}uD;udk jyefjyifw,f? xdef;odrf;w,f?
olwkd@&Jαkd;&m*DwawGudk avhvmxm;wJh
tjzLawGqu D jyef,w l ,f? pojzihaf ygh æ?
'g&JŒt"dy`m,fu &ifxJrSmyGm;cGifh
r&wJh opfaphukd a&cHajrcHaumif;aumif;eJ@
xde;f odr;f xm;+yD; vkycf iG &hf wJt
h aetxm;
rSm jyef+yD; yGm;rsm;wJhoabmyg?
uJ æ usaemfwkd@a&m b,fvkdvJ?
'Dvkd xlydef;arSmifrkdufaewJhacwf}uD; pepf
}uD;atmufrSm opfaphawG wcsdefrSmyGifh
vef;cGifh/ rsKd;yGm;cGifh&atmifvkyfxm;zkd@
vkad eyg+yD? opfaphawGe@J ww l hJ rsK;d qufopf
awG rqGH@toGm;atmif/ &Sifoef}uD;jyif;
cGifh&atmif olwkd@tdyfae&wJhumvav;
rSm xm0&tdyfraysmfoGm;zkd@twGuf &Sif
oefEidk rf ,ft h aetxm;/ tajctae/ a&cH
ajrcHav;awG zefw;D ay;=uygp@dk ? 'grv S nf;
usaemfw@dk cspw f w
hJ idk ;f jynf/ vlrsK;d / xk;H wrf;
"avhtpOftvmawGukd xdef;odrf;xm;
Ekid rf mS yg? oknacwfukd jyefra&mufEidk rf mS yg?
'Dpmav;&JΠtxufrSmajymcJhwJh
twkid ;f yJ usaemfpmzwf+yD;awmh rtdyEf idk f
awmhygbl;? tdyfaysmfoGm;&if xm0&jzpf
oGm;rSmqkd;ygw,f? bmvkd@qkdawmh æ
tdyaf ysmaf ecJ&h wJh bk;d awmfopfaph}uD;awG
u usaemfwkd@udk,fwkdif jzpfaecJhwmukd;?
uk, d jf rifcw hJ /hJ ud, k x f ad wG@cwhJ hJ b0t&udk
u aemifvmr,fhopfaphav;awG tdyfae
&ifawmifrS aemifwcsed rf mS jyef&iS o f efvm
apEkid rf ,ft h aetxm;udk zefw;D zk@d tyfEiS ;f
cJhyg+yD? olwkd@tem*wf 0if;yapzkd@twGuf
usaemfw@dk u ykc;Hk eJ@xrf;wif=u&r,fqw dk h J
qENeJ@ a&;vkdufygw,f?
jrifhaZ
ÔÔÔ
23
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;

tJ'tD csed rf mS &JeŒJ axmufvrS ;f a&; 200 ausmu

f
or*~acgif;aqmifawGukd zrf;qD;? ausmif;om;awGu
jyefvak wmh or*~jrufcif;jyifrmS ausmif;om;eJŒppf
tpk;d &vufyg;apawG ±ke;f &if;qefcwfjzpf?

(aqmif;yg;)

awmfvSefa&;aumifpD (ppftpkd;&)tajz ay;&r,fh tcsufav;csuf

1? bma=umifh ausmif;om;awGudk ypfowfcJhovJ?
2? ypfcwfowfjzwfz@dk ? bmta=umif;&Sv
d ?J
3? ausmif;om;awG b,favmufawmif aoqkH;/ '%f&m &cJhovJ?
4? ypfcwfzkd@eJ@or*~ taqmuftOD;udk rdkif;cGJzsufqD;zkd@ b,fol trdef@ay;wmvJ?

ta&;}u;D onfh &ufprJG sm;/ tjzpftysurf sm;

1? 1962 arvxJrSm ausmif;aqmif pnf;urf; (22)csuf xkwfjyefcJhw,f? (Akdvfae0if;OD;aqmifwJh
ppftkyfpkrS)? tJ'g udk uef@uGufzkd@ wuo zGJ@pnf;ykHeJ@tnD 7 ZlvkdifrSm ausmif;om;xktpnf;ta0;udk
ac:xm;w,f?
2? 1962 Zlvidk f 6 &ufae@nrSm rEœav;aqmiftygt0if taqmifopfawGjzpfwhJ awmifi/l &mrn/ tr&
wk@d ukd rD;jzwfw,f? rD;jyefzGifhay;zkd@ rEœav;aqmifuausmif;om;awGu aºuG;a=umfqENjyw,f? 'k-
taqmifrLS ;u taqmifwcH g;r}uD;udk ydwv f u
dk w
f ,f? taqmifwcH g;jyefziG ahf y;zk@d or*~acgi;f aqmifawGu
a&mufvmwJhtcsdefrSm ajymw,f? ynma&;0ef}uD; a'gufwmcifarmif0if; (,cif taqmifrSL;)udkvnf;
awG@cGifhawmif;w,f? wHcg;rzGifhawmh (7)&ufae@wifr,fh aºuG;a=umfoHawGudk vSnfhvnfaºuG;a=umf=u
w,f? reuf okH;em&Dxd?
3? 1962 Zlvidk f 7 &ufae@ ae@vnf 11 em&D rSm wuo taqmuftOD;rSm owfrw S x f m;wJh ausmif;om;xk
tpnf;ta0;p/ obmywd wuo OuUÏ udkAaqGav; aqmif&Guf? tcrf;tem;rSL; ukdom'kd;? 3 csuf
awmif;qkw d ,f?

24
 jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;
(u) zdEydS w f hJ ausmif;aqmifpnf;urf;awG
±kwo f rd ;f ay;zk@d ?
(c) ausmif;aqmifaumfrwDrsm; ausmif;
om;ukd,fpm;vS,f yg0ifcGifh?
(*) ausmif;aqmifvo dk w l idk ;f ausmif;aqmif
&a&;twG u f ausmif ; aqmif o pf r sm;
aqmufvyk ?f
4? 6 &ufae@ n 8em&DrSm wuUodkvfe,f
ajrudk yk'rf 144 a=unm? tJ'g±w
7 &uf tpnf;ta0;rSm awmif;qkd?
5? ae@vnf ESpfem&D tpnf;ta0;+yD;?
ausmif;wGi;f vSnv hf nfqENjyzk@d qk;H jzwf?
aºuG;a=umfoHawGu æ æ æ
rw&m;pnf;urf;awG tvkdr&Sd?
rw&m;csKyfcs,fr_awG tvkdr&Sd?
ausmif ; aqmif a wG u d k tusOf ; axmif
rvkyef @J ?
csKyfcs,fr_awG tvkdr&Sd?
rw&m;pnf;urf;awG zsufodrf;?
ausmif;om;xk nD!w G =f u?
'gawGeJ@twl tvGef}uD;rm;wJh
cGyaf 'gi;f tvH}uD;jzef@+yD; rEœav;/ awmifi/l
'*kH/ a&$bkd/ t"dywdvrf;u bGJ@ESif;obif
txd pDwef;vSnv hf nf? wuo taqmuf
tOD;a&SŒrSm Auo OuUÏ udo k ufu pum;
ajym? tJ'DtcsdefrSm &JeJ@axmufvSrf;a&;
200 ausmfu or*~acgif;aqmifawGudk
zrf;qD;? ausmif;om;awGu jyefvkawmh
or*~ jrufcif;jyifrSm ausmif;om;eJ@ ppf
tpk;d &vufyg;apawG ±ke;f &if;qefcwfjzpf?
Auo OuUÏ udo k uf/ wuo OuUÏudk
AaqG a v;/ &uo twG i f ; a&;rS L ;ud k
^m%f0if;/ udkpkd;wifh/ udk&Jjrifh/ ukdxdef0if;/
ud=k unf!eG @f / ud0k if;=unf/ udck sK/d udw
wk@d udk &Ju wuo taqmuftODay:rSm
zrf;qD;&rd? rEœav;eJ@ tr&yl& aqmifu
wuo ta&SŒrSm/ tJ'geJ@ cJawGudkokH;+yD;
ausmif;om;awGu taqmifay:u ypf
w,f? cJaygufwmrsm;awmh ykvdyfawG
qkwo f mG ;w,f? ausmif;om;awGu t"d
ywdvrf;ay:u jcaoFw h cH g;udk ydwv f u dk +f y?D
6? naeav;em&D/ oD;oef@&JtzGJ@ 100 OD;
um;ESpfpD;/ aoewfudkifppfum; ig;pD; a,mufaoqk;H w,fajym? &efuek f aq;±kH
a&mufvm? Akv d pf ed v f iG ?f Akvd af usmpf ;dk / Akv d f }uD; (Rangoon General Hospital)u
armifarmifc/ vufaxmuf&Jrif;}uD; OD; aoqk;H '%f&m& ausmif;om; 80 a&muf
vSaiGw@dk u urm&Gw*f wfwrJ mS ? &JawGu w,fvkd@ aq;±kHtkyf}uD;uajym? w&m;
rsu&f nf,Akd ;Hk 7 vk;H ypfw,f? Akv d pf ed v
f iG f r0ifwJhowif;t& wyfrawmfppfaq;±kH
u &JawGux kd ed ;f zk@d vufaxmuf&rJ if;}uD; (Burma Military Hospital)ukdvnf;
udk ajymw,f? aoqk;H '%f&m& 80 avmufa&mufw,f
7? nae 4 em&D 20 rdepf txl;owif; vk@d rsujf rif ppfoel mðy (Nursing Cadet)
k o f rd ;f zk@d axmufvrS ;f a&;u &Jrif;}u;D OD;armifarmif/ wOD;u ajym?
wwd,&mZ0wf0ef w&m;ol}uD; OD;armif 14? 1978 ckESpfrSm 'DudpPeJ@ywfouf+yD;
armif=unfa&mufvm tuJcwf? Akdvf wm0ef&o dS [l m Akv
d af tmif}u;D qk+d y;D ykcH swJh
oef;pkd;/ Akdvfwifpkd;/ &efukef &Jrif;}uD; v_@H aqmfrw _ ck rqv twGi;f jzpfcw hJ ,f?
OD;cifarmifarmif/ 'k-&Jrif;}uD; OD;oef;/ 'gayr,fh Akdvfatmif}uD;u pmESpfapmif
AdkvfpdefvGifwkd@ a&mufvmjyef? xkwf+yD; jiif;cJhw,f?
8? nae 4 em&D 45rSm rsuf&nf,kdAkH; 6 15/ 8-7/ 1962 reufrSmawmh orkdif;0if
vkH; / +yD;awmh av;vkH;? wuo taqmuftOD;[m òzdcsccH &hJ yg+yD?
9? AkdvfpdefvGifu ausmif;om;ukd,fpm;
vS,f udu k si/f udpk ed 0f if;/ uk0d if;!Ge@f / wuo wm0ef&o dS rl sm;
t&Hwyf&if;u udv k x S eG ;f wk@d e@J awG@? +ird &f if (1) trdef@ay;Xme[m jrefrmhtoHrSmyg?
&JawG±kwfay;r,fajym? udkvSxGef;u ppf (u) ume,fausmfpkd;
0wfpkH0wfxm;awmh ausmif;om;awGu (c) OD;oef;pdef
aqmif;xm;wJh ppfOD;xkyfudk abmvkH;vkd (*) a'gufwmvS[ef
vkyfupm;? qufvuf ta&;tcif;jzpf? (C) AdkvfbeD
aemufxyf rsuf&nf,kdAkH; ajcmufvkH;? (i) &JcsKyfbat;
10? ig;em&D q,fhig;avmufrSm &J±kyf+yD; (p) ygarmuQcsKyf OD;um wkd@yg0ifygw,f?
ppfwyfcs? ausmif;om;rsm;ay 20 cef@ 2? wuo taqmuftOD;ukd rkdif;cGJbkd@
qkwf+yD; aygarmuQ OD;um&JŒpudk'g um; wm0ef,lol Akdvf(ume,f)vSjrifh (BE,
p 659 udk rD;±_dŒ? GE)yg? ypfcwfrw _ m0efcu H Akv
d pf ed v
f iG yf g?
11? 5;45 rSm Akv d pf ed vf iG &f ŒJ csi;f 4 wyfu Ttcsuftvufrsm;udk &efukef
wuUov kd u f 0dk idk ;f ? ukid wf ahJ oewfu trsK;d wuUodkvf ausmif;om;or*~ pdef&wk
tpm;opfjzpfwJh G-3/G-4 tcsKdŒaom obif (jynfo@l bufawmfom;rsm;)rS &,l
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk wm0ef ygonf? 2005 ckESpf/ Ekd0ifbmv 25 &uf
rsm;cGJ+yD; wuUodkvfe,fajrrS a&Smifckdif;? ae@wGif xkwfa0ygonf?
k ifaiG usef c J h w J h acgif ; aqmif r sm;-ud k v S a &$ / 7 Zlvid k w
f iG f usq;H k oGm;aom usaemf
ukvd =S unf/ udx k eG ;f =unf? wk@d . aemifawmf udak usm0f if; (ajrmif;jr)
12? nae 6;30 avmufrSm pwifypfcwf u aotHhqJqJwGif eH&HY ol.udk,fcE<mrS
w,fv@dk trSww f & jyefajymolrsm;u ajym? xGufaom aoG;jzifh a&;cJhonf?
ypfrdef@u æ okH;rdepfypf-ESpfrdepf em; -
okH;rdepf ypf? g3/g4 ukd xkwv f yk w
f mu ‘7 - 7/ 62 ukd rarh=ueJ@’?
*smr%Du zdqmG emukr% ` % D eD @J ppftpk;d & }u;D jrwfvyS gonf? tav;ðyvku
d yf gonf?
zufpyfu?
13? ppftpk;d & owif;xkwjf yefcsuu f 16 jrifhaZ
25

pH vGaJ eonfvm;rod&onfh
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bavmh*f . f profile wGif a=umfjimxk;d xm;
onfudk awG@&ufESifh æ? +yD;rS jyefpOf;pm;
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wnf;ae&awmh eD;pyf+yD; pdwf0ifpm;r_
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aygh? atmifyGJr=umcif &r,f æ bm æ
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26
jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;rsm;'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD;
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taeukv d nf; cef@reS ;f rdvmawmh oGm;&wJh awmfawmf av;av;yifyif&Sm&cufvSyg
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trSefuawmh ukd,fhukd,fudk pkd;&drfwm cJh&wmcsnf;yg?
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