Professional Documents
Culture Documents
owif;pOf (1)
o w if ; p Of
T he
trSwf (119)c&pfEpS ?f 2011 ckEpS ?f pufwifbmv
L i g h t n i n g
jrefrmou&mZf (1372)
N e w s l e t t e r
( 15-1-99 ) &ufaeYwiG f pwifwnfaxmifonf/
owif;pOf (2)
trSwf (119)
jynfov
Yl w
T af wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;cJah om taxGaxGvw
G Nf idr;f csrf;omcGiq
hf ik d &f m tqdjk yKcsufrsm;
X\ape]Xnd]#[N ape]fcRmOnX] nd] kXhdl]kkbn
C B ] lj]7pmjl]#f
[N e]_ poik=l[i] ape]fRc mn
O X] nd] $bn(
[ k=l[i] pbCi\N ]kge]7kX,7
pJiX\R %Hfbn]m .2 #l]X\R& nB] ape]fRcmOnX] nd]kin] J?7f[\]7eB\]RU VVkXoBXoBmn
B ]Ii[ 7] Zji7] fdZB_k
] i[\Ri] jd7 hl]ml]on
b a] p\]X#7knBl]
@[b] CXnd]fizn=l?7kd7 mOnX] nd]l Xind#p]Z#C \]kh[tb t @N]_ pn]fl]fe]_ XhB7X@B7Zjl]ijd7: Xodl]Zk
C ne]apFZjl]ijd7@N_] ape]fcR
mOnX] nd]JlQ fc#J?7X#Oi\]7U =l?7Hlp]: o[\7] f[i7] kne]apFZjl]#(cpiCb jd7l[b k#]7kn[b ]7 iZM]7iZj\] gbge]7Xqd]apkp]p^fe]+
OuX+
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (3)
JlQ+
+ mOn]Xnd]l fXYdncnEk
_ nBl] kXoBXoB
mBnI] [i]7Zji7] fdZB]_ki[\R] ijd7l[b f]_ain]XfdkZj[\]nB] hl]ml]
obna] p\]@[b ]X#7knBl] @[b] XC nd]fizn=l?7kd7 Xind#p]ZXC Hld]7
mOn]Xnd]l[b(]gd7mN(i] jd7U n]apXhB7X@B7Zjl]ijd7l[b kne]apF
XHld]7XHledp^n(]+ kijF7[ fd7ldlB(X] #7\ER mbaC ZCFX#7Xld]gk
? qEPB
,]aqg]nE_ ape]oEX#7,\]=l?7 $bn[(<[m
b ]ZjFp]=l?7l[bl[bl i[in
[ [bR mOn]
Xnd]#PE h@{ ie]lf
_E Rb[#p[N ^XHld]7 fizn=l?7kd7 kai\]h7Cb n]apXp7q[Rb \RE
mOn]Xnd]l $bn[(<[bm]ZjFp=] l?7l[bl[b ape]oEX#7,\]=l?7kd7 lce?
Xhd]#l
B X] p7q[Rb Xind#p]ZXC Hld]7 op]Xmd]7XapdZj]p^n(]+
$?X\RXhB7X@B7iDijd7\ER hl]gp]Ip7? Xapd##] poik=li[ ] ape]fRcmn
O ]
Xnd]kge]7kX,7XnB\RE $?ng]=l[im
] pb n
] E_ $bn(
[ k=l[ik
] ge]7kX,7
XnBidN XhB7X@B7iDijd7Td k]in\]iN Xld]7p^n(]+ f[bR#dnB] lM\]
Xnd]nRb[fn[apF#i(]_lg[ X m7XnBXnd_#[pN ^n(]+ $?X\Rhm
b[ R[#b #[N ] im[k
b p]
nEk
_ XHld]7k#d: im[k
b p]ng_E ld7mb7C ijd7 XapdHld7aZ]7kd7aq]_ ng]J7?
kXp6ng]J7? \d7me]i:D (bHC le]i:D Xm7gd7iDijd7 pjl]fdB 7@[b p] ^n(]+
$^XHld]_i[bRmb[R hl]ml]XhB7X@B7i(]_ XhB7X@B7iDijd7iNd k![lljn_E:
k@Ngf
] d##Nn
[ g_E ld7ijd7l[b kXaZZCXhB7X@B7Hlp^+ im[k
b p]nk
_E XHld]7
k#dXnB: imb[kp]n_Egld7kfb7C k@D\7] XnB $?iNd XhB7X@B7aZ]7kd7aq]_
lM\]Xnd]n[bR iHldZKXapdX\HlnE_ p^n?gEB: ,^$gEB: X$fgEB: mcijF[7gEB:
YdfdgEBXnBl]7Ip?7 kijd7kljF[7knBl]: n[b]7ape]kljF[7knBl]
mbpH] l#Xkd]hn
b[ E_ lM\X] nd]nRb[#PE Xld]7iB\]mn
N _XE gn\dXnB: #e]#(
B ]
Zjl]XnB ipjlg] 7? Xgm[pb ^Yc7+
$^l[b mOn]Xnd]l(
[b g] d7mN(i] jd7kX\\ER kXm7k\l]od7 Zj_Z] j\[ ]
Xapdh[f
b dB 7q[bR m[pb ^n(]+ mOn]Xnd]ng]#p]lj7] pnE_X\#diNd im[bkp]n_E
Hl\]RHldiD: X@Nd]X_ @N7iDijd7apFaZ]7kd7aq]_ mOn]Xnd]#EP mbp]\]7gJ]ijd7
me]7 o[Zb[lp] ^n(]+ $?mb[ gbe
C m
? OnX] nd] kge]7kX,7ng]Zb apFmbp]
tajymif;tvJjzpfEikd w
f t
hJ ajctaerSm a&mufaeNyD
tJeft,fvf'DXmecsKyfrSm pufwifbm (15) &ufaeYu yxrqkH;
usif;ywJh urmh'Drdkua&pDaeY (2011) rSm a':atmifqef;pkMunf ajym
Mum;wJrh decYf eG ;f xJu ta&;ygq;Hk pum;&yfuawmh ]tajymif;tvJjzpfEikd f
wJh tajctaea&mufaeNyD}qdkwhJ pum;&yfyg/
tajymif;tvJawG[m b,ftcsed rf mS jzpfwwfygovJ/ Edik fiaH &; ok
awoDrsm;uawmh y#dyu&JU bufESpfbufrSm&SdaeMuolawGu olwdkY
wOD;csi;f pD&UJ tusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;twGuf tjcm;a&G;cs,pf &mr&Sad wmhb;l qdk
wJh ]tajctae} udk a&mufvmNyDqdk&if tajymif;tvJrsm;[m pwif
wwf w,fvdkY qkdygw,f/ awGUqkHaqG;aEG;tajz&Sma&;[m jrefrmjynf &JU
t"duy#dyu&JU bufESpfbufrSm&SdwJh 'Drku
d a&pDtiftm;pkrsm;eJYppftkyf
pkMum;jzpfyGm;aewJhy#dyuudkajz&Sif;zdkY&m ESpfbufpvkH;&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;
twGufwckwnf;aomenf;vrf;jzpfw,fqw
kd m bufEpS b
f ufpvk;H u
vufcH&r,fhtajctaea&mufaeNyv
D dkY ajymEdkiyf gw,f/
wckowdxm;&rSmu tajymif;tvJrsm; rjzpfao;yg/ tajymif;t
vJrsm;jzpfEikd w
f hJtajctaerSmom &Sdygao;w,f/ tvGeo
f rd af rGn
Y ifom
wJhtajctaeyg/ rvkyfwwf?rudkiw
f wf&if onftajymif;tvJ[m t
qd;k bufukd OD;wnf oGm;Edik w
f mrdYk tifrwefuo
dk wd&m;a&Sx
U m;Ny;D tarQmf
tjrif&Sd&SdeJY jynfolvlxktusKd;pD;yGm;udka&SUxm;NyD;? pdwfcHpm;rIrsm;udk
y,fazsmufNy;D awGYqHak qG;aEG;rIrsm;rSwqifh tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk fwJh t
ajctaersm;udk zefw;D &rSmjzpfygw,f/ jrefrmjynfoal wGtaeeJY tckvdk
ta&;Bu;D qk;H eJYtcufcq
J H;k umvrSm a':atmifqef;pkMunfvkd trsK;d om;
acgi;f aqmifwOD;&JUOD;aqmifraI tmufrmS vdu
k yf gae&wm[m &awmif&h cJ
qkv'fwckvdk cH,lzv
dkY kyd gw,f/
vlt
U zJt
UG pnf;wck&&UJ SnMf umvSwhJ y#dyuukdtqk;H owfapr,fh t
ajymif;tvJrsm;pwifcsed w
f ikd ;f rSm y#dyu&UJbuftoD;oD;rSm tajymif;t
vJvv
dk m;wJhtiftm;pk (Constructive Elements) eJY tajymif;tvJ qefY
usifr,fhtiftm;pk (Destructive Elements) &,fvYdk ESpfrsKd;uJjG ym;wwf
wm obm0yg/ jrefrmjynftajymif;tvJrSmvnf; onfvkjd rifuGif;rsKd;
awG ay:aygufaeygw,f/ 'gayr,fh ajymif;vJvmwJh tajymif;tvJrsm;
[m jynfolvx
l k&t
JU usKd;pD;yGm;eJY wxyfwnf;usa&;udk bkH&nfrSe;f csuf
xm;&SdNyD; ykHpHtrsKd;rsKd;? toGiftrsKd;rsKd;eJY e,fy,ftoD;oD;? u@ toD;
oD;rSm&SdaewJh onfqefYusifzuftiftm;pkrsm;udk yl;aygi;f vkyaf qmifEidk f
wJh tajctaersm;udk zefwD;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ tajymif;tvJrsm;[m ue
OD;ydkif;rSm aES;auG;aumif;aES;auG;aerSmjzpfayr,fh aemufaMumif;jyef
vSno
hf mG ;wmrsK;d rjzpfapzd?Yk zefw;D vdu
k w
f t
hJ ajymif;tvJrsm;[m jynfol
vlx&k JU vkHjcHKrIeJYvGwfvyfrIukd tmrcHrI&SdapzdkY vdktyfyg w,f/
onfvkt
d a&;Bu;D NyD; odrfarGYvSwhJtajymif;tvJrsm; jzpfay:Eidk fwJh
tajctaeaumif;rsm;udzk efw;D &mrS vlxak cgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk
Munf&JU acgif;aqmifrIudk tav;teuf,kH,kHMunfMunfvdkufyg&if;
aemifrsKd;qufopfrsm;twGuf Nird f;csr;f wJ?h nDnGww
f ?Jh om,m0ajymwJh
vlYtzJGYtpnf;opfudk wnfaqmufMuygpv
dkY dkY wdkufwGe;f &yg w,f/
~~~
owif;pOf (4)
trSwf (119)
vlxkpdef0if;
$?ng]Z^ k[p]#dlio@b[ ]aqg]nd Xnd]
Xnd] HldfBd7n(]+ Y(]Xmdl]o[ Hld
fBd7mEh#[b ] \Cp^7@Ngq] l]idN Ybm
[ [b bedsore mbR[
XZ6nE_ k[p#] dpB\7] \dXnB #mdnE_ko[p^pE+ fb7C
mmb7C mb7C X\RX#dep^ k[p#] doEidN pEX\Ip7? ed
ql]\CXnd]7\ER Xgd]7k[p]mb[l]: Y(]ql]\C
Xnd]7\ER Xgd]7k[p]m[bl]\ERfd X\#ndlb[7+
g[np] #c dN Hl X#7X\ljjd\(]XnBknBl] gdi
X#7@b[ X] nd_ \(]Xp^]7gbl
C gdqn]p#[nX] nB qb\7]
hl]Hl: gdX#7Hl\EP g[n]p#c NdHln(]+ #\]
lb\]\ER\7? nE_X$fl gdqn]fic jd7lXnd_ mc
lb(
[ n
] [b X] #dl]mdIp?7 gbgC i]7Xi7ai\]7Hln(]+
\[bl re]_iapn]#ndol]Xnd] pb[Ip?7 k
X#dl]kmdijd7n(]+ X\iXld]7Yc7Hld7
Xnd_ gdXpfid7: fn]7fid7XnBlme]7
g[n]pcIp?7 ng]X(dl]Ip?7ng]X(dl] X#dl]
X#dl]mdHln(]+ nZjFP[ ijd7hb[ ,?#(
[ Xld]7
mB\7] mbR[ X\iXld]7nEH_ ld7l IpFC 7Xnd] IpFC 7i[
Xf7n(]+ gdX#7@b[]Ip?md7hb[nd f[Zj]m[bR
mdndp^hbI[ p?7 k[p#] doEmXEN \nEf
_ l
c [b Xod]_
ijF[7gbClmNe]_Ip?7 !dn]pbC|[bl]fcl|[bl]: <B?$?
(b[|l
b[ f
] l
c |[l
b \] RE mpb H] lXnd_ fn]7fid7
Zj7] iTbnm
] d7+ fcnR[bmdnE_ #e]#(
B Z] jll
] [b
if[YE Y(]X\p^_imE+
r*dk ; ao;ygbl ;
trSwf (119)
gBd\EP YdiNiXi7YE@n
D h
] n
[ X] \ZEH_ lnE_ i[nX] hB
nZjF[PXnd] iXi7YEiX\@b[ H] lXnd_YE V o]ai]
ZjlX] m7Xp7p^J?7tt m[Pb XapdmdHln(]+ id7X$^_
l[gm
ib[ TbnY
] E lb(
[ n
_] [b 7] ape] lb(
[ m
_] ic jF7[ k
nBl]Xnd_ kX#7=l?7hb7C o[pn
] \]7fn]7=l?7
iTbnm
] d7+ nb[ 7] ape]#PE lCHlizdlb[ kXld]7
khb7[ khb7C kaqn]apF@[b X] mdl]nk
_E o[ kX#7
p^nE_ fn]7=l?7pEXm+ kgb7[ #fg]#PE ,\]=l?7 J?7
Xkd]Hle]\RE X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]XnBPhbHC l
nE_ fn]7Xplb7[ +
Xld]7ndXnBP#] Xld]7n(]m[bP X#7
fmb:[ iXld]7ndXnBP#]me]7 iXld]7Yc7
mbR[ X#7#n(]+kgb7[ #fg],\]=l?7 J?7Xkd]Hle]
\EP X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]n[bP XnBPhbCndTd
Xld]7nEl[gaqg]n(]+ iAmdfn]7 aqg]
n(] * * *
okUda vm? okda
U vm
owif;pOf (5)
'Dru
dk a&pDEidk if w
H idk ;f rSm
wkid ;f oljynfom;
tm;vk;H twGuf
vGwv
f yfpmG ajymqkd a&;om;
cGi?hf pnf;k;H vIy&f mS ;cGi?hf
toif;tyif;zGpUJ nf;cGi?hf
qEjypDwef;vn
S v
h f nfciG w
hf u
Y dk d k
zGpUJ nf;tkyfcsKyyf Hk
tajccHOya'rm
xnfo
h iG ;f a&;om;Ny;D
tmrcHcsuaf y;xm;Muw,f/
r*Fvmowif;
k![lkX\\EPXnd_ kE$?Xm7ijF[7Xm7gd7
XnBP#n(]+ $?Hld7oEidN XnBPhbXC hB7X@B7pBaE qg]
Xaidl]q[RbknBl] @Ngq] l]gmbC7\EP o[XnBPiD kijd7
hb7C ##NX[ \nE_ i?$(
? d=l7? XnBl VkljF7[ Xnd]Xhd]t
,]mpb X] p7#] iXld]7Yc7md7mbR[ Xapdmdfc
@NgJ] 7? fb7C J?7me]7#NX[ f7n(]+ fcnR[blXnd_ mc
\e]7gbXm7ibP[ kol]idN XapdZEn
_ _E Xm7ijF7[ Xm7
fn]7fid7hb[nd fn]7aqg]md#]aqg]
mdnEk
_ nb[ 7] kpbk
[ mbi[ #N:[ kiN\k
] nb[ 7] : k#N[
knb[]7X#7#n(]+ fbC7fp]X,q\]#diNdme]7
Xld]7ndXnBP#] Xld]7n(]mR[bX#7fmb:[ i
Xld]7ndXnBP#]me]7 iXld]7Yc7mbP[ X#7#
n(]+ kgb7[ #fg],\]=l?7 J?7Xkd]Hle]\RE X$6
Xkd]h\]7gbHle]nP[b XnBPhbn
C dTd Xld]7nE_
l[gaqg]n(]+ iAmdfn]7aqg]n(]+ $?mb[
XnBPhbiC DijF[7 op]Z^op]Z^apFmpb H] lqbR[ nbl
[ n
] \B 7]
@D7[ Xhd]#i(]+ $?XnBPhbiC iD nb[ i] l
? kdSd\e]
X\RidN X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]\RE fcRkqBPE ,]XnB
Zjn
? l]kXm7apFqR[l
b g[ \ RE pn]fl]Ip7? Xnd_ nd,\]
#Nf
[ Zc j]7 XnBPhbe
C @v[ [D 7] Xhd]#l
B Z] H_E ln(]mR[b
f[#n(]+ fd7ki[@Ng]X(dl]#EP pbCYb#d7qc7
Z#?7gJ]idN me]7 nd,\]#f
[N Zc j]7 XnBPhbe
C @v[ [D 7]
Xhd]#l
B Z] EH_ ln(]mR[b f[#n(]+
owif;pOf (6)
vlxpk ed 0f if;aqmif;yg;rStquf ...
@Ng]J7? @Ngq] l] XnBPhbe
C @v[ [D 7] iDXHld]_ oBlX] p6
mdnE#_ m$]aqg]n(]+ ape]fac pe]fd7kd7mb7C
,i]7Xaidl],i]7fd aqg]Hl#n(]+ lidiNd kgb7[
#fg]#EP bKf
] l
[ xdme]7 nl]fdB 7Xgn(]+
kgb7[ #fg]Td mbfiC ZXC #7|DXod]n
_ g]Zn
b e]7l
fdHle]_Ip?7 mbCaZCFX#7knBl] gg]np]XnB: #E
np]XnB kijd7kapd7 Zjod7aZ]7iapFYE @b[ ]XC #7
|DXod]l
_ p^ |Dai]f7Cb fp]Ip7? p^7p^7\p]\p] Xhd]
#BlZ] n
_E dXHld]_ $?m#[b m$]ijF7[ ##NZ[ n
_E daqg]n(]+
tmrcH c suf a y;
$?ibl
[ X#g?@[b]n
C [b]7iNd nb[ 7] fcape]fd7
kd7mb7C knBl] mBnm
] p]gBdXapdhb[ X#7fd7
ZB:]_ ge]7|bC7mDp#] dN 7ZB_:] kf]7kp]7qBPE ge]7ZB:]_
h@{apg?n\]7mNe]_me]ZB]_nb[Rlb[ qBEPge]7kbp]
ZjFpp] Cb kXaZZCJpX$iNd oe]_fB 7] X#7fd7Ip7? kd
iZCZjlX] p7od7Hln(]+ ai\]id@b[ ] l
C ml]#[N
qBPE ge]7kbpZ] jFpp] Cb kXaZZCJpX$iNdme]7 apsd\]7
Xp7od7n(]+ h@{apn(]hn
[b d $?i[l
b X#g? @b[]
CXnBidN ioc7h\]7p^Yc7+ kXi#[l\]: kAm\]:
jp\]: Xnd]l[#b 7? (d7mi]7iXnBXp6iNd mc Xm7
^7h(]Xmdl]lX\ Xm7^7#d\ER Xm7^7
Xod]o[ hb[]7Ybn]Xm7XnBlb[]Ip?7 g?n\]7
mi]7Xmjdl]X\HlndXnB |bp]ai]fCHld7iNd
X\Rn[b 7] XnBPX\Hl#ndp^+ h@{apfclap: mi]7
fBd7mi]7mdXnBl fBd7IiEmdIiE: |b7C fc|7Cb fd7
XnBl |b7C nl]IipE ^pE+ h@{apfcXnBlme]7 fc
nbR[ apg#d#Nn
[ dap: Xnd]7hbZ[ jl] Xp7g#d#Nn
[ d
XnBXp7Ip?7 Xk7Xk7Xh7Xh7ap\]fBd7Hlnd
p^pE+
ajymr,kH BuHK zl; rSo d
trSwf (119)
iX\@b[ Y
] 7c + \ic\dXld]7Xm7aqg]p^XgmbR[ Xkdl]
Xi_ml
[b #] n(]+
AsL[mawG v k dw ,f
fn]7fid7ng]X(dl]kX\\ER ai]nd
lb[ ai]nk
_E nb[ 7] Xapdndaqg]n(]+ iai]#nE_
l[g: iaqg]Xf7nEl
_ g[ l
[b XapdmbP[ i#p^Yc7+ k
gb[7#l Yd#e]#(
B Z] jl\] RE mbpn
] (]hn
b[ d if[
p^Yc7+ f[Xkd]mpb n
] l
_E g[ l
@b[ ]XC #7p^n?XnB
#EP kmbpp] ^+ fn]7fid7 kmbpi] Tbn]Y7c +
@b[] CX#7p^n?XnBhb[ndl iTd<jGTdXnB:
\e]7<jGTdXnB Zjin
N m
] pb X] hd]#ndaqg]Xnd_
ng]ql]fd7#EP#e]#(
B Z] jl]\ER ng]ql]fd7#EP
kZCgn
[ !] dn]l[b kXf7g[nX] m_mdnBlZ] jl]
Ip?7 iN\7] h#n(]+ kE$m
? i[b \N 7] h#diNd iN\l
] \]qR[b
f[pk
] X#7=l7? n(]+ Vh@{giEB \N 7] hZjlt] (wishful
speculation) iaqg]qP[b mbn
[ (]+ ai\]idape]@[b ] XC #7
kfb[7] k,b[ 7] oEl pbF[} mk
] ijd7gb iNd7Xm_#n
[N _E
kiNd7ijF[7 op]iiNd7Xgqb[R fn[od7f]_n(]+
kXi#[l\]\RE k?7(cl q[kd7Xp7mb[R: kdh?(C
l Vp#l]#dN t Xp7mb[R kgb[7#l mb[l]Xmjdmd
ndhbn
[ k
_E ai]Td k]in\]idN 7(B7] nEk
_ ai]
aqg]n(]+ @NgX] p^]7^7h(]\?7p^7 ml]XnBP ai]
XnBPZE _#nE_kZjl]lXnd_ ai\]i dkgb[ 7#Td
Y(]fcPq[kd7l[biN |bigb[l]Y7c hb[nE_ kZjl]
aqg]n(]+ fiznY?m]lm]n\]#PE q[kd7lb[
Xnd] kX#7imbpZ] _Enk
_E gb7[ #Td fcRi\[ 7] i T?
md#? mb[@b[ ] aC Zd7X#7,\]=l7? #EP i[\R]ZB\7] Xmdl]l[b
|bgl
[b \] d7Xod]iNdXnd] iTbnp] ^Yc7+
tyfeJY xGif;vkdr
Y &
kX#7=l?7ndl lb[(]_kd7lb[(]l[b7qb[RpE
aqg]n(]+ lb(
[ i_] dN Z_e
C d7|[Xb fXmdl]n_E k]
kd7#Ni[ N kijd7l Xm7gd7iNdaqg]n(]+ fn]7
fid7ng]X(dl]#PE ijlg] o
[ iE dN XmdXmdh(]
ai]X\#nE_ kaqg]kpjlX] nB: fn]7XnBl Hld
#Nem
] jg]mjG|Dod7#] Vkp]\ERoB]7t |b\C ER i#nE_
kXaZkX\ko[ X#dl]md@b[p] ^n(]+ nb[]7
#]7fd7X$fkd7mb7C mb[m[bidN gg]pBXE nB k#N[\]
ap]7ap]7\EPaqg]mdX\ndXnBTd k]in\] k@
#d(]=l?7mNn(]mRb[ fXYd#n(]+ g[ni] Zji]7
fdg#daqg]n(]+ np]iXnd]fd7 ljh7Cb me]7
ai\]idpE+ Xlkb[]Xklljme]7 ai\]idpE+
$?XlY?Xk\ER Xlk]\(
] l
c Xfme]7 ai\]id
pE+ #Ni]7Yl]lljme]7 ai\]id@b[]Cfd7pE+
lb[(]_kZj]7Zj]7 nbl
[ ]X\: fn]X\#nd Yd
Xld]7mbR[ m+E
ckcsdefrSm
jrefrmwpfrsKd;om;vkH;
twGuf ta&;BuD;qkH;u
aoewfoaH wG&yfpJNyD;
taotaysmuf owif;awG
rMum;&awmhzkdYjzpfw,f/
'Dupd u
dk tm;vk;H 0kid ;f 0ef;
BudK;p m;Muapcsifw,f/
rsufE S m rvS wUJu dp
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (7)
- vlxkpdef0if;
Ch93R?Wf?WchfUd g<dUe\f?W b\T(U
c\3e=Z3eSZeZS Yh]UPg\XU_Z*TU7d93 D93Pc\XU
Bd]UTK? P$2Pc\XUTU3_ZBd]UfZKS Pf<J=BZ df?W
^fXU3dSZ a;e\^fXU3cYi_U *aU3^\c\3#
Pi\UYhBdf(U) $VfXUad P\XU3hV3Pf<P#3
Ch93e]U3 7dS@PZS g\dURB= df\ Pf<J#f(U)
gXUYaXURbd*U XUPh3f(Uf
ZS \d Q(U^Q
[ (U
*VT\a]UaPi\UQ? P#3Bdf\SPZ f\W c\3e=3Z
Pg\dURf
= \ab@3S #HRS f
? (U) f_URVfPe a[#XU3c
PBd\XU3c#\dSZ P^3^Sa^
U \< 3Pc\XU faXUf
d\ *XUP:H\dU^f
[ _UP(\dUPBd\XUW gXUYaXU
RbdPU h3^[RbX3U #TUYi_UBdf\T?Kh? cRbTS d
U TZ ^
U \< 3
f\ab@S3Pf< #Hf
S (U)
owif;pOf (8)
awGUqHak qG;aEG;rI
jzpfajrmufz?Ykd atmifjrifzYkd
twGuf
yxrqH;k vdt
k yfcsuu
f
ESpzf ufpvH;k
'grrS [kwf oH;k zuf?
av;zufpvH;k &JU
pdwt
f cHawGrmS
olb
Y ufighbufqw
kd hJ
tjrifawGukd azsmufypfzYkd
vdyk gvdrrhf ,f/
olb
Y ufighbufqw
kd hJ
tajccHuae
wpfqifw
h ufNyD;
]igeJrY wl igh&efo}l qdw
k hJ
pdw"f mwfawG
ay:xGuv
f mapygw,f/
rwljcm;em;wJt
h ,ltqawG
ud,
k pf &D adS eMuwmudk
tjyeftvSef
todtrSwjf yKav;pm;NyD;
wlnw
D yhJ ef;wkid t
f wGuf
twlvufwv
JG yk v
f Y kd
&wmawGukd
twlwv
JG yk jf cif;[m
'Dru
kd a&pD&UJ
tESpo
f m&jzpfw,f/
trSwf (119)
vlxkpdef0if;aqmif;yg;rS tquf ...
fd(Ug[3Ch9ZSCh93 #IXe
U TU3c\3#Yi_U PTBd
f(U) $VfXUad OYh]U^e
[ g
[ Z dS(
Z _U f
S :U _H U
hV3Rba3U ^\P_P#3cf<dU :H_iU dUh3[ PhVXU3 P\XU
#<d:U XSZ Ua]UW cR<Xc
UW eaU3ab\3dSZ P<3P:<3R?BW dhV
^]Uk Sf
Z W? h[3f<P? Bd]\RbdPU Bd\XUW hSZCh93c\3
fdUBd#f\ Yi_Uf(U)
RZcRbSTaU \H Pf\W $9ad
ZS P#_9f
ZS _W? d\3M\
:H_d
U (
ZS BU d\3PYh\#f?W OfS3Z fZ3S ^\3k aMZfPU f\W
Q[3)
bmudk vd kvm;awmifw
h ovJ
Yh]U^e
[ g
[ Z dS(
Z _U f
S :U _H hU V3 Rba3U ^\P_
P#3Sf
Z \ Q\e?) Yh]U^P[ f<d Q\dSZ eSZ
e\3 Pf\XUf
W PTBd^e?) YaTUa\:SXZ XU #= J? 1*
#\RSZX:U T> 3U Pe\dU#f
SH W? Yh]U^P[ f<M\ e(U(\
_Sd
Z hU b@3S P#3eZhXU TU3T?K _Sd
Z hU b@3S P#3 dU_hUehZ XU TU3
Pf<aH\ hV*XUehZ UdZXS PU TBdCh39 Pdb3edUP$^
ab\3aH\ PTgSXZ BU df(U) cab\3_Zd a[efTU3T?K
ce(UfTU3h]\Pe\dUh? ^XUR?WBd#f(U)
Pdb3edUeK[ci<?Jc_]U3aSKZ cPTcgSZXU nS3Z ^\3
f(U)
eSc
Z hUae
> ]U3 T]U3f(U) TU3Yh\3Pg<e9
a> (Sophisticated) ^ShaU #HQ
S 3[ ) cPTnS3Z ^eSZ ^[
fSZK#J? eSe
Z \3Pf\XUWfa>e]U3 nS3Z _XU3f(U) Ca@S J
PTh]\ffUPf<eZS Oh_UfXSZ 3U Pg\XUnhZ U 7dS@3
n>hUPc\XUk aeZhUffUBdQ[3)
:SXZ XU f
W= \*TUf
ZS \ cXUafTU7d93Pe3f?W
f\*TU7d39 Yi_Uf(U) c_S3Z #Sf
Z c
W? i<J? c_]U3 f_U
RZf]U3c\3T?Kae=PZ e\dUQ3[ ) :SXZ XU c
= P#3eZhU
a(Uf
ZS ?W :ZXS XU P= #3ci<?Jc_]U3c\3e=3Z e[hZ S@o eU
c\3e=3Z hV*XUehZ PU \XUBdiSKZef
ZS (U) ^[Kci<J?
dS(
Z c
WU i<J? 4 ^[Ked
[ (
ZS e
WU 4[ ^[J*V$ dS(
Z *WU V$SZ
f?W SE
Z 3U EcYaXUPf<TK? aBd]UQ
W ? fSXZ 3U Yh]U
cf<d
U f
ZS W? hTU3fSZXf
U _URZf]U3dSZBd]UCW h93
P\XU#<dBU d#aH\Yi_Uf(U) cg[3^YiXUW XVfSKZ
fZXS U3Yh]URb_f
U (U4 XVfSKZ^\ fSXZ 3U Yh]Udd
ZS (U
fXU:XZS f
U (Uf
ZS c
W? fq_T?< K? a\TUa\T fSa^
U ew\i=3Z
PTa>fKZSdZS e=3Z *i(U#\H 3_<TKUh_U:XZS #U aH\Yi_Uf(U)
umv&SnfM um uif; uGm
YaTUa\:SXZ XU a= \H $9ad
ZS P#_9_:= T> 3U ab\3T?K dXU3d<\
R?Wf\ :H_PU hVXU3XV3(U#HPS f\Wa\H Yi_Uf(U)
$9d\e#H]7U d39 cf<X3U aH\ f_UhVf9f_Ui?J< f_U
_]U3f]U3#?J^PQ\T?K fZXS 3U Yh]UdZS cZhRU b@hRU W?
f\Yi_UPePf\W aZT3U f93T\Bd]U3a>Pf<4 f_U
idUTK? f_UidU cYhTUceHTU a(=^
Z d;\Yi_Ua>
Pf<4 dS(
Z c
WU i<J? c_]U3f]UfiW= Kc
ZS f<dU dS(
Z TU K?
af[fW? fYR\3ci<?Jc_]U3c\3e=Z3dSZ PRbaT> 3U h_U
#a(Uf
ZS W? c\8\fPf<M\ MSQ
Z dU$Q
9 dU
ci<?Jc_]U3c\3e=Z3aH\ #HRS ?WBdf(U) $VM\
cYh_U_ZS #\Pf\WaMZfQ
U 3[ ) aCXaS 3U Rba3U f?4W fZXS 3U
#XU3^\3cRbXU3RbX3U edUTdUdZXS U fZd
S URZd
S PU T
f?c
W PYRcPTaH\ $Vab@3S Pf<M\ Yi_Un3ZS Yi_U_DU^\
Yi_Uf(U)
#H_
U (U#\RSXZ :U T> 3U ad dS3Z (U#\RSXZ :U T> 3U
Pe\dU#f
SH W? ^\aTUYh]U^P[ f<c\3e=3Z #?J eSZ
e\3Pf\XUf
W RbdUd aSnZS3ie\ eZhUdSZXU_\3
P^\dUPTf?W ceZhc
U dSZXPU e3Pf<dZS Pc3
Pc3RbaU3RbaU3 cPBd\dUceTUKdXU3dXU3 eZhU
dSXZ _U \3P^\dUCh93 PTRbXUf\Pe\dUhVh?) $V
gdU f_UXUf
W 3SZ Ch39 Pf\XUf
W #a(U#ZS XUPf\W
g<TUf3Z= hSfURbTS PU f<a\H #HXYU h@T\3^ceHA a;e\
Pf<4 QZ#\3h<P? f< Phb\UPhb\UhV3hV3 dbXU3hRbXU
f(U) e<fe
U f
< e
U hUehU ^<\3RbXe
U \RbXf
U (U)
PYh\RbX
U RZS bXf
U (U) Bd]URW bXYU aXURbXf
U (U) $9aZS
dP#_9Pf<4 Pc\Ufd
ZS P#_9Pf<4 MSe
Z 3[ #HX3U 4 $9e3[
#HX3U Pf<dZ S T\3ae]UhVQ[3) _Sfe
U ]U3 a*XU_\3
hVQ[3) dSZ(We
U (UPe3dS(
Z U _SfRU bedURb eZhU
R<X#W U #XUh? PdbThUhVf(U) ^[KdGTQ
U *PT#_DUd wdk; wdk; om;r[kwf
eSZ Rb_f
U 93d e(Ue\^Sa3U aH\dSZ fPBd\XUBW d
RZcRbSTaU \H Pf\W $9ad
ZS P#_9f
ZS _W? d\3M\
BdT?K PBd\dUeTUKPT#f?Q
W *ab@3S Q(U^a[ YH hTU :H_d
U (
ZS BU d\3PYh\#f?W OfS3Z fZ3S ^\3k aMZfPU f\W
aP#\dURbXUBdPf\WQ3[ )
Q[3) c\E\#c_S3Z #dS(
Z f
U XZS d
U PTK_DUTK?caF
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (9)
'Drdkua&pDawmfvSefa&;qdkwm
wu,fawmh
pdw"
f mwfawmfvSefa&;yJjzpfw,f/
pufwifbmv? 2011 ckESpf
kij[F7fd7$?il
b[ X#g?kqBPE ZjFp]
kiNn] %53WZ&: kX\dl]X#On
bC b[ m
] i]7
<T\]7Ii[FP\(]: #\]l\b I] i[FP
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]
kXoBXoBknB7] X#7iNG7
kij[F7fd7$?il
b[ X#g?kqBPE ZjFp]
a':atmifqef;pkMunf
owif;pOf (10)
trSwf (119)
jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&v
dS molrsm;udk a':atmifqef;pkMunf&JU yxrqkH;
'kOuX OD;wifO;D u vufcaH wGq
U Hk Edik if aH &;c&D;pOf
o[b]7@[b]C: Y\]Xldl]Ii[FP
Sena Palace Tbn
[ (]iNd Hfbnm
]
3 #l]X\RlX\ -1 #l]X\Rko[
lj]7pZEn
_ _E @[b ] XC #7p^n?ijd7@N_] k
#p]fd7kqBPE kge]7ijd7knBl] @[b ] C
X#7f[pf
C ]n\]7l[b nl]X#dl]Z_E
nE_ NLD kqBPE ,]mc (]XnB\RE mc(]
lB\](l] kqBEP,]mc(] %-0&
X(dl]l[b kqBEPZjFp] $bn(
[ JlQ
J?7n]J7? l Hfbnm
] -2 #l]X\R
l kqBEPZjFp]|7Cb kge]7kX,7Z\]7i
iNd ml]ZXC nBPhbZC n
_E (]mRb[ f[#p^
n(]+
kE_$?XnBPhbpC EBidN J?7n]J7? l
kiNdgld7XapdHld7ZEI_ p?7 f]n\]7
fd7XZ^]7Xhd] l[n
b ]ml
N f]
n\]7kg?kgJ]: f]n\]7fd7 l[b
ol]pb[ X] kd]l f]n\]7kXnBP
k=lFC \RE: l[gb g]Xid]\RE iX\@B(o
] \B 7]
nbR[ l k=lCapFZjl]XnBlb[ n]apZE_
Hlp^n(]+
kX,7X#dl]ai\]idped$^\
kmNG#NX] nBl klb\k
] ljZC p[RbZj
Xp7ZEn
_ daqg]Ip?7 f]n\]7l[b nl]
X#dl]i(]_ mc(]XnBTd 3 #l]
X\RiNd #\]lb\]Ii[ FPlXX\ Y\]
Xldl]IiF[Pl[b XmXHld]7Z#?7\ER
oBl]ZBdZE_Ip?7 -1 #l]X\PiNd ap\]
me] X#dl]#Z[N H_Elnd aqg]p^n(]+
f]n\]7fd7mc(]XnBTd
f]n\]7nl]X\gJ]ldmknB7]
ai\]id_$i? l
b[ X#g?XZ^]7Xhd]
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]Td X\k[i]
klj(]ZjFpl
] mOnX] aidl]mdIp?7
X\dl]p[b 7] poihb7C @[b] CX#7Z#?7
gJ]kaqg] Hfbnm
] -0 #l]X\Rl
pEZc7Ii[FPl[b X\RZj]7ap\]Z#?7 fBd7
X#dl]Z#_E d X$fZC ape]fXc nBl
mD[lm
] l
[D m
] m
EN EN =l[Fh[Zb H_E lnE_ k
ap] Z#?7gJ]nXmLdl] kX@Ndl] k
(Nl] ngbCn#di#N[YE kh]Xap
XZjdXiBRZn
_E k
_E nBl] X$fZCape]fc
XnB\ER kdKdp[b]kqBRE kge]7XnB
l[b Xlj7Sc7n]XHld]7 -1 #l]X\R
X\Rg\EB RE Xlj7Sc7n]mdO obna] p\]Ip?7
XapdHld7ZEn
_ (]m[Rb f[#p^n(]+
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]@N k
_] qBPE
Td \C\l] 2 \d#?Z\]R #\]lb\i] N g
n]ol
B Z] dB Ip?7 4 \d#?,\]7lj]idN
pEZ7c IiF[ Pl[Xb #dl]#Z[N #E_ d poihb7C X#O
Xid]X!dYb#d7l[bqc7Ip?7 fdf\d_
i;F[ ] Xljd] 7 n[ b l ] i Nd ,^h[ b
flA\7] lp]mGN aZ]7: Xkd]h\]7
jdiB\]7gdHle]_n[bl] qB]_mNg]Xp7
aZ]7: Xod]Xp^]7ijd7gBdXfd X#
XY7$blf
x e]XnBlb[ kmNGXBXp7
kp]aZ]7XnB apFmbp@] b[ ]ZI_E p?7 eX\
/ \d#?iNd pEZc7Ii[FPlX\ ap\]me]
oBlZ] dB ZEI_ p?7 1 \d#?ZEBZ\]RidN nl
f[m
b #] p[ f
] dmi]7iNd#Nn
[ _E fci#EPX\
k[i]l[b ap\]me]X#dl]#N[mdZE_
n(]mRb[ f[#p^n(]+
$?Z#?7gJ]idN X$6Xkd]h\]7gb
trSwf (119)
pmrsufEmS (10) rS tquf ...
owif;pOf (11)
cYaXU^PQ\g\3ab\3dZS P#H\XU
a]U)
%.& Pf<JZP= <3P:<3a>ab\3dZS
dUedUYh@ehZ ^
U \< 3a]Ukk Sf
Z W?
cRbdPU f<Yi_UhVf(U)
P<3P:<3h<c
? Yh39 ^fXU3_\#HX3U
eXU3h<a? H\ ^fXU3Pg\dUPf<#?J
Pa3YaTU3RbdUPf<dSZ YhTUe]UPYi
Bd\3R?PW ha(Ue
W ]U3 Pa3R<T3U :H_RU 4Z
^Z3= RZ^\Pa3R<X#WU f?c
W f<dU ^fXU3
^a\3Pf<d c\3aeSc
Z \3a# Yi_U
R?#W f(UeSKZ ^S#hVf(U)
cRZePZS f<J=hZ c
?< Yh39 gZfYU hTU
eSd
Z f
U W? h[3f<P? Bd]\RbdTU K? hfU
^dUeKSZ Yh]UfX< 3U Yh]Uh :ZSXXU P= #3
PRVXU3P\XUPf<d ^fSTK?7d@S ZS
R?BW dYh93 Yh]U^J[ eIfPU f\U dS(
Z U
_\3eH(Uab\3ci<?J MPU d h[3f<?
gZfYU hTURbdc
U Ph2 7d@S PZS Bd\XU3
T?K :H_hU <X
WU XZS UP<3P:<3h<?dfXUW
fSXZ 3U #XU3^\3Pf<hV hV*XUfW? ^=3Z
h<X
WU XZS PU <3P:<3h<d
? ZS D93f]UP#\dU#SH
e\a(UeKSZ PaF\e
U XUf
W c
W? PBd\XU3
PBd]\RbdU gZfYU hTURhW? Vf(U)
MPU #?J PBd]\RbdUa\
H c
fSfd
U \ed P<3P:<3h<P? f<M\
MTUYh^dU^dUYi_UYh39 cab\3PaF\U
eXUWfW? #e$UPd\XU3Pf<aYaXU#f?W
cPBd\XU34 PTcSac
U db(RU b@hU db
PT_DUcRbSTd
U D93Pc\XUBd]UT?K
%1& 7dSaf
U ZXS f
U XZS U Pf<J=RZ PW? ha(UW
^PQ\g\3f_=f
Z #\ agZfYU hTURW?
Q? cRZP<3P:<3h<?cYh93aH\ gZfU
YhTUed
SZ f
U W? h[3f<P? Bd]\RbdaU \H hV
f?W cRbdUPe3Rbdc
U # cYhTUc
eHTTU \3e]UaT> K? #e$UPd\XU3Pf<
##H:S XSZ e
U aS aWU (UeKZS PaF\UeXUaW f
S (U
eSZK SZhVf(U)
dUedUYh39 Pf\We]U3 YaTU
a\:ZXS XU a= \H efUfPe\ PYi#HX3U #
a(WU YhtT\Pf<#SHfW?cPBd\XU34
fYh]Ue3Z = ch_UcRfU#hU_i? KS Z P\XU
#<dPU h3P#34 :SXZ XU P= #3cdbDU3^\3
ab\3e<fUPYa\dUP#34 cPg<Pg<
e<fYU XSa3U RbaU3^\R<XWU gZfYU hTUP#3
cYhXU j#\*f9Ya_UZ=P#d\f\
#hUXZS 3U P#3dS_Pu f<M\ hga=3Z
PYi#HX3U #a(WU YhtT\Pf< Yi_Uf(U
eSKZ +- #dUPTJ PTJ_<T? J? gZfYU hTUfW?
MPU ci<J? #?J PBd]\RbdUa\
H Pi\UYh
g\3hVf(U)
p
usrwdEYk ikd if [
H m tajymif;tvJjzpfEikd w
f hJ
tajctae rSm a&mufaeygw,f/
a':atmifqef;pkMunf
jrefrmEkid fiHvGwfvyfonfh owif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onf/
owif;pOf (12)
trSwf (119)
10)12 nlfm
b[ #] p[ f
] dmi]7
<T\]7Ii[FP\(]: #\]l\b ]
.,--Zb@gN :] Hfbnm
] : -- #l]
{&m0wDtwGuf yefMum;csuf
VViTdaig]=l?7ttTb k![p^ (]#Xfd r#d,n?aig]fe] ai\]id@[b ] U
C k![l X#XHld]7mi]7i=l?7aqg]fe]+ ai\]idape]Xaidl]pb[ 7] : lZj]ape]\(]
knB7] XiZ@N]_ im[Z aig]@gN g] ]7hC#b diN gn]mjl] Xnd]ql]fb[R nI[iI_] [im
_] d7ld XaiHfSdXld]7Xfd aig],lM\]7Xp6f[Rb X#dl]XfdkZ^
aig](]ijd7kaqg] ZBaE qdaq\]RX,mLl] k[@(
{[ fib$#{ dknB7] f[Rb g?7h]7,]X#dl]fe]+ aig]=l7? fe] lM@]pb n
] Rb[ @[b ] U
C po,?nB ] kX#7p^hC7b Xfd
=l?7lj(]mf
N e]_ fYd,mi]7i=l?7aqg]fe]+ fnF@N _] |blSx ,? ij[F7lBiE jd7gBdU X\o[b #] dme]7aqg]: 8l(],Xfd #[ldx #]7aig]nZbaqg]Ip?7 |[7b #dmcX\iD
Y,ijd7l[b Xodl]pX_C \ZEp_ ^fe]+ r#d,n?aig]=l?7fe] ai\]idgdXpfi[b]7iN l<jd@N_]gdXp kijd7hC7b U kd|C,b ]gd7#dme]7 aqg]ZEp_ ^fe]+
(X\RnB ] o[rb #d,n?aig]=l?7fe] k@#d(]@N _] #]h[b X] \#p^Ip+? g\g]ljXfd g?il
C \[ 7] ijd7l]7iEi_ :D o[\7] f[i7] iDhb[ #] d JpX$ijd7l[b m[l
b \] d#\]
pjl]ll
B i] @D N _] fYd,pn],\]7ljh
] b[ #] d kf[ped@N_] <Tbfn
b kd7\e]7aZ]7n[Rbfe] ap\dXp^]7gCl
b b[ aqg]Xp6XgZEp_ ^fe]+ knd7kh?7i#N[
n#d7i,] fg]p]Zn
b m
] iEN @D N _] i?7XfB7qbni] iD jd7XHld]_ aig]li]7,E(d#N[ fg]Xndijd7fe] kmj]kai\]apF\7] n?7 Xpjdl]l(
B X] \p^fe]+ fg]Xndijd7
apF\7] n?7aZ]7XHld]_ lb\]7Xp6nB] X#n[l
b g] d7iD p[ib h
b[ b[7#Bd7mdIp?7 @b7C q[Rbik
D #N\[ a] i]n
_ l]mdld aig]Hli]7ap]ai]n
_ l]aZ]7@N_] Xfd]o\B 7] aZ]7n[Rb p[ib b[
h[7b #Bd7mdZEp_ ^fe]+ nCnd7ijd7Xhdl]#\] X\#dX#B7Zj(a] Z]7@N_] pCgb o
C n
b a] Z]7n[RbnB ] X#n[l
b g] d7aZ]7@N_] Xfd]o\B 7] aZ]7ap\dijd7l[b J?7gd7iXp7ZE_
faq]_ oba[ p\dijd7 p[ib =b[ l?7oBd7md#fe]+ X@B#df?nB ] X#XHld]7fBd7mdX#7Zl]ZEaZ]7@N]_ Xfdl]f7Cb X#Zp]#\] Zl]ZEaZ]7n[Rb HlFC XnBPX\#fe]idN
h(]g@b gN i] jd7gBdp] #NZ[ p_E ^Ip?+ kZj\[ i] ?N o[X#dl]Xfd kX#7(cXhd]#l
B i] iD jd7 i#Np[ ^l r#d,n?aig]=l?7kXp6nB] fl]X#dl]mdie]_ h[7b ljF7[ ijd7l[b
nBlZ] jl]#dnB] #df?JnbXapd]7mEaZ]7l[m
b e]7 oe]f
_ B7] gJ]7gd7#\] m[k
b p]p^fe]+
aig]X#eg]ei]7aZ]7fe] iHldiNl
? HlFC XnBP#Xfd ap\daqg]p^fe]+ mB\Z] X_E fd h(]g@b gN i] jd7knB7] aig],iN 7] X$fnB] gl]|:bC kmbp|] ibC jd7
n[b7pBd7mdaZ]7@N]_ X#O#dN aZ]7ijd7XHld]_ r#d,n?m]7p[bk
] p^k,] #Nd7p^7Xfd^7ij[F7gCU
b #Nf
] \]il
D [b IZ[i7] XaZdl]X\p^fe]+ Xfdl]f7bC X#@N_]
kgd7kgdknBl] aig]=l?7Xp6nB] iN?ZXb[ \#fcijd7knBlm
] e]7 mCab ZCFiDi#NX[ nd_p^+
X#kd7mLpg] g] gl]|ibC jd7@N_] he]ijd7ne]Xhdl]aZ]7XHld]_ ne]I[iX] fdX#g?7XHld]7@N_] ap\]ape]I_ iE mLp]gg]giB 7] k]lb[ obnm
] pb a] Z]7gfe]_
klj[F7kain]ijd7 #Np[ ^fe]+ f[RbXfd] obf
[ Rb[Xfd g?il
C \[ 7] ijd7U h[7b ljF[ 7ijd7me]7 #Np[ ^fe]+ aig]XHld]7ijd7 apn]Xndl]aZ]7@N_] X#n[l
b g] d7iD@\D 7]
p[ib a[b i]i_ d7aZ]7: X#g?7kd7\e]7fBd7aZ]7: aig]X#p[ib b[ Hle]m]mdXfd]me]7 k@#d(]#XN[ fd !^n]pge]7ijd7 he]nB7] nB] p[bibg[ bge]7ld he]mn
O ]X#
nB] p^,]mdaZ]7n[Rb aqg]@b[p] ^fe]+ he]ne]Xhdl]X#7ldmnB] gB\R] pg]pge7] kijd7kapd7 oBl]Xp6mdld fYd,pn],\]7lj]l[b o[
Z[l
b a] Z]7@N_] aig]lb[ eg]ei]7aZ]7aqg]Xg@[b p] ^fe]+
p[ib k
b[ X#7=l?7Xfd ap\diNd r#d,n?aig]U X#g?7kd7 \e]7fBd7XfdXHld]_ aig],lM\]7Xp6X$fnB] hd7CX#,]X#dl]iD p[ib b[ h\]nl]
lj(]ap\]RmdaZ]7p] aqg]p^fe]+ oba[ p\dXHld]_ h\]gp^7obnm
] pb i] l
D b[ \g]\dXgIp?7 h\]lk
b[ ![l gd7fC7b X\#Xfd ape]fcmo
c n
b #p]m7bC l[b
o[Zl
b[ ]md@[b p] ^fe]+ o[Rbkap] h\]fe] k![l p[bRl\b ]n#p]aqg]X\XfdXHld]_ h\]obnm
] bpi] D Xmjdl
_ jaZ]7XHld]_ @[b ] aC Zd7,]XB ljh]7@[b p] ^fe]+
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (13)
{&m0wDudk u,fwifMuygpdYk
r#d,n? XTg\g]l[b Xapd]7mEXgp^l o[baig]=l7? @N_] hl]gp]X\Xfd ai\]id@[b ] C Xaidl]g\B 7] X\ n[b ]7#]7fd7mcijF[ 7gbijd7iN r#d,n? aig],lM\7] Xp6
X$ffl h\]gp^7g[l
b p] jF[ 7X\HlXfdfcijd7ko[ mcRkqBPE kge]7ijd7nB] p^,]fic jd7kd7mC7b l[b o[Zl
b[ i] e]aqg]p^fe]+ r#d,n?aig]lb[ o[\7] f[i7] aZ]7
fe] lM@bp] n
] [Rb \[b ] CU g?7pBd7X#7@N_] fYd,pn],\]7lj]lb[ ldlB(a] Z]7fdil lM@bp] n
] [Rb U (J]Xlj7iDkXiBk@Ng]lb[ Xgd]X_ #Ndl]aZ]7me]7
ie]p^fe]+ kX#7k=l?7hC7b kl[jF7hl]iNd o[\7] f[i7] aZ]7mbp] \]7nB] ge]7mC7b e?en
B g] dB Xhd]#l
B p] ^l p[ib \b[ d7me]i@D N_] ml]XnBPljXfd
pc7Xp^]7iDnbR[lbp[ ^ ##NX[ g@[bp] ^fe]+ mcpb F}[ mi] jd7@N_] kqBEPkge]7ijd7 kijd7kapd7lp] r#d,n?@N _] pn]fl] n\]q7b[ #NX[ fd fbXnf\ mbp] \]7ijd7
l[b Xhd]#l
B Z] I_E p7? aqg]faq]_ aig]=l7? l[o
b \[ 7] f[i7] #\] ml]XnBPljXfd kHlCJdK]ijd7@N_] fn]7kZjl] kijd7kapd7#NX[ \fe]idN XfZjdp^fe]+
(Zb #NI[ p?7fd7aqg]Xfd fg]Xnd@N_] aig]XHld]7ijd7 o[\7] f[i7] aZ]7h[b ]#dJpX$ijd7l[b m[l
b ]\d|Cab q]p_ ] nb[7nl]iD kijd7kapd7 ##N@[ b[p] ^fe]+
o[RbXHld]_ fYd,pn],\]7lj]hb[ #] d lMi7] lj]fic jd7: o[\7] f[i7] fcijd7: I[i7] Zji]7X#7n#d7@N_] fTSdnaqg]aZ]7l[b Zjga] in]@7b[ fcijd7 kd7mC7b n[Rbkd7
kd#Nnl
b[ U
] kX#7p^hC7b aig]nZbaqg]fe]_ r#d,n?lb[ IZ[i7] XaZdl]X\fe]_ k@#d(]ijd7kd7 lidn,Ni7] iN f[#\[N d7me]HlXg#\] lM@bp] n
] Rb[@N k
_] nc
,[b 7] ,\]7 Xhd]#l
B H] lp^#\] p\]Hld7kp]p^fe]+ r#d,n?aig]@N _] hl]gp] aqg]Xp6mdXfd fYd,pn],\]7lj]hb[ #] d: g?7pBd7X#7hb[ #] d: knn]
pedh[b #] d@N_] @[b ] XC #7h[b #] d ap\dkmC7b gCl
b b[ lM@bp] n
] Rb[ kd7mC7b pc7Xp^]7aZ]7aq]_ Xkd]ai]gdB Xaq#N7] @b[ H] lp^ie]+
Xkd]h\]7gbHle]
rkew
f idk ;f 'PfccH &hJ wJh a&vkyo
f m; rdom;pk0if a':atmifqef;pkMunf&q
UJ Et& temBuD;
awGukd tJet
f ,fv'f u
D xyfru
H n
l D
a&m*gonfawGukd oGm;a&mufvLS 'gef;
hbC7 X#mbp]fd7i[fd7gb,] 1,
Z\]Rlb[ XBXHl7 Xodl]pX_C p7ZEn
_ d
aqg]p^n(]+
<T[bJ?7g?7kqBER,] J?7ijF[7eB\]R
l Xodl]pX_C Bkaqg] fd7fi?7
i#Nn
[ i_E f
[ d7gblb[ ljp]nXfd]7
\ER fd7fi?7#Nn
[ i_E f
[ d7gblb[ ljp]
nXfd]7^7Xod]g? Xp7kp] mNG
$^\]7ZE_p^n(]+
iB\7] mBE . \d#?iNdXnd_ J?7kbC7
=l[F]\ERkqBEPTd qjdpbCIi[FP: kXZjd
Xm7Xlj7#Bdkbp]gb gl],Xlj7
#Bd: aifdge]Y\b 7] =l7? Xljd]7 !izd
kijF7[ fd7$?i[l
b X#g?kqBERZjFp]
<T[bkijF[7fi?7kqBER,]\ER mc(]
lB\](l]kqBEP,]XnBTd Hfbn]
m . #l]X\Rl X$6Xkd]h\]7gb
Hle]#PE h@{k# #\]l\b n
] b[ 7] mNe7]
lc7Ii[FP\(] i#i]7XZjd]Xlj7#BdiNd
#N[nE _ k\d=l? 7X#d^fe]ijd7
Xgd]_X#Ndl]X#7XTdl[b fBd7
X#dl]Ip?7 kTd#ib\R] ijF7[ gbC: k,n]
koe]ijd7@N_] kmNGXBljp] Zb@gN ]
Xfd]7 fBd7X#dl]mGN $^\]7ZEn
_ (]
m[Rb f[#p^n(]+
kZbmb[ fBd7X#dl]mGN $^\]7q[Rb
kg?kgJ]lb[ <Tbk
[ ijF7[ fi?7kqBRE l
X$6Xi,]7ai]l
_ J?7Xhd]ZI_E p?7 gd7
Xfdl]l\b m
] pb ] \]7p[b #] N n
] Zj[FPl
kij[F7fd7$?il
b[ X#g?kqBREZjFpl
] b[ mNG
$^\]7od7nE_ Xgj7lBlo
] l
E fl]
ni]7#l]ilb\h
] 7b C Xf7nE_ gd7Xfdl]
lb\X] nBlb[ NLD kqBRE,] mc(]XnB
l Xgj7lBlo
] l
E X\ fBd7(cIp?7 i[
YiE_lXm7XTdXnB: p#T[n
Xljd]7XnB: $blXx #dl]X\fcXnB
l[b m[l
b X] ,Xp7Hlndaqg]p^n(]+
X\RgJ]mm
b[ [b Xgj7oElX\ gd7
Xfdl]lb\]XnBl[b fBd7X#dl]
f(](Ic p?7 h]7#EZjF[PnE_fcXnBlb[
X,NXp7nEk
_ Z^iNd f(](pc RXb[ hd]
ZknBl] kZl]kZE#X[N pi(_m
] e]7
p^n?#PE mciXD #7mbp] \]7nZbaqg]n_E
knBl] iaqg]aqg]Xkd] Xhd]#Bl]
X\Hlnd aqg]n(]mRb[ me]7 f[#
p^n(]+
pmrsuEf mS (15) aumfvH (3) odYk ...
owif;pOf (14)
trSwf (119)
ljX\d]nb[R i?$(
? dXnBlX\ Xapdi(]+ k]nd\l]XnBl Xapdi(]+
ljX\d]nRb[ k$E l
? X\gIp?7Xnd_ Xapdi(]+
wmvJcifAsmh/
ljX\d] l<jdnpb$]X#7ZEn
_ (]<j+ VVZ]<jd7\d7 ^7Xmd]7: XZjd]7
XY7 Xm7Xmd]7: fZAjF[ 7] lb\7] fC7b Xmd]7: kXmd]7Zje7] Xljd]7pjl:]
n#l]me]7iTbn] @Ng#] l]me]7iTbn]: Xljd]7kbp]=l?7#EPHl[i$] K]
XljdXld_Xkd] ZCZ#_E : h#dilme]7 \d7#Blh
] EB o[b :] onE_ ldm
ldmtt h[bIp?7Xnd_ ljX\d]X#7ZE_qc7n(]+ ljX\d]k
_ fl] 1, ape]n
_ E_
X\RidN ljX\d] X\dl]XHld]7ap\]Hle]n
_ Ek
_ Z^ $^XnB ai]Z_E#ndl[7b <j+
kE$^XHld]p_ ^+
tckvdkrsKd; Nidrf; csrf; a&;vI yf&Sm;rIawG vkyfwJha e&mrSm vli ,fawG &JU pdwfyg0ifpm;rI
uaum b,fv&
kd y
dS govJ/
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (15)
ygOD;/
Tbn]n(]<j+ ljFp]n[bR=l?7
mdndl VV#\]fc Xodl]ZCnd
iN\]fiL ljFp]n[bRh\]Rlj]#i(]+
#\]fch\]Rlj]ndiN\f
] iL Xodl]
ZC#i(]+tt kE$^XnBl[b ljX\d]nb[R
lme]7 #Bn]qn]X\#]7l =l?7
mdnEk
_ Z^ljXnd_ @b[ ]CX#7 kd
Kdh[bnd Xf\n]Xapd]7,l
oBl]mdndh[bXnd_ ljFp]n[bRl
f[ p]=l[Fl]ndXp^_<jd+ kgl
ljFp]l X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]
=l[Fl]l[b i=l[Fl]Yc7+ $^Xpi(]_
X$6gbl kHli]7iql]X#7,^$h[b
Ip?7Xnd_: Xf\n]Xapd]7,l oBl]
a&vkyfom;rdom;pk0ifowif;rS tquf...
(rZdrowif;XmerS tifwmAsL;udk
aumufEw
I a
f zmfjyygonf/)
awmifov
l ,form;rsm;&JU vlaerIb0jrifrh m;
apzdkY tJet
f ,fv'f u
D ynmay; a[majym
Xod]f]n
_ (]hn
b[ E_ kXHld]7l[b
XTdXapdp[RbZjXp7ZEI_ p?7 g[np] ^,]gd7
nE_ X$fZCape]fcgbgbXp^]7 1,
Xmdl] nl]X#dl]ZE_Ip?7 i#N]7
m]7nEk
_ Zjl]kml]XnBlb[ Xi7
ai\]7nEk
_ Z^iNd J?7g[\,] ]7T\]l k
Xf7 g[n]ap\]me]#N]7apXp7ZE_p^
n(]+
kmd7ncpE Xnd]fcm(]
fid7 pedXp7XTdXapdpBXE nBl[b
ape]\(]@N_]nb[]7X$fk@NCP fBd7
X#dl] apFmbpZ] EI_ p?7 k#]l Y(]
kqBERkge]7liN kX#7p^nE_ g[bl]
pjF7[ X#7kf[ped: \e]7pedXnB\RE
mi]7eO\]Zjl]XnBl[b mdX#dl]
XTdXapdp[RbZj Xp7ZEn
_ dijF7[ i#NY
[ Ek
Zbmb[ NLD l mdX#dl] p[Rb ZjXp7nE_
knBl] m(]fid7XnBkX\\ER
g[blp] jF[7X#7kf[pedXnB p[ib b[ \d7
me]mdIp?7 g[blp] jF[7obnm
] bp]iD\ER
mcX\iDY,kXaZkX\XnBme]7
n[7b nl]ai]i_ d7mdXgiNdaqg]n_E k
nBl] X$fZCape]fXc nBl Xlj\p]
kd7#iD #N[Z_En(]m[Rb f[#p^n(]+
Xapdp^n(]+ kE$_ ? p#T[nXTd
iNd k\d=l?7X#d^fe]Xp^]7
-3/ J?7#NI[ p?7 kg[7b #Yl]l n@Ng]
l[b ljp]XB -. f[\]7 Xodl]pi_C D#[N
n(]m[bRme]7 f[#p^n(]+
~
owif;pOf (16)
aemufausmzk;H owif;rS tquf ...
trSwf (119)
X(d]7nb[ i] jd7 oB\7] e[pv Xc Sd]aZ]7
Yb#d7,n]apFhbXnd]7 kiLX,aZ]7
f,K]mdO ijd7 qn]Hld7aZ]7\ER @b[ ]
CX#7kljJ]7fd7 %.,,,& Xljd]
aZB7] Zjl]i#N[ Zjl]aZ]7mOnX] p7#\]
%/&=l[i] hbXnd]7#Bn]hb[ap?7 X#O
n[CbXgn?Xnd]kd7 a[i]7Zji]7gBd
ml](d#g] mNe]_me]pcXSd]ap?7
@[b ] XC #7kljJ7] fd7XnBlb[ bKa] pF
nEk
_ X\\ER kX#NPYl]i$b l
] X\ fC7b
X(dl]nnBE e?edgBd g?n\]7
mNem
_] e]h]7ZEH_ lap7? @[b] XC #7 k
ljJ]7fd7ijd7 mBnX] aidl]X#7k
nBlh
] Xb nd]7#]7 Nlk
] Xld]
2, Z\]RmOn]Xp7ZEH_ ln(]mR[bme]7
f[#p^n(]+
@[b ] XC #7kljJ]7fd7 i[fd7gb
lB\]#l] kiNn]nCh[p]p^nE_ pb[Rg
l$]: .,,3 gl]n]Yd X#O,^X#d]
Xnd]mN\]X#7 ko[i]7kiNn] p[bRg
l$]: @b[ ] XC #7kljJ]7fd7ijd7 k
ai\]h7Cb ap\]mn
O X] #7gdni]7p^ n?#pN ]
kljXnBlb[ X,NZ_EHlap?7 ape]fc
mcon
b Xod]Xljd]Xmdl] ,\]7#C
kd7Xp7ZE_HlnE_ $?hbXnd]7pBEiNd
kdKdp[b]XnBYl]l Xgd_H] le_]
iNn]ni]7(cnd#NZ[ X_E pi(_] ngbn
C
#d nd7aig]X@Ndl](Nln
] di#N[YE
Xk7Zji7] gBd ap?7hC7b fBd7ZE_p^n(]+
@b[ ] XC #7kljJ7] fd7XnB mBn]
Xaidl]qRb[knBl] ape]nB 7] : ape]p
l Xnd]7hbi[ XD nB #NX[ \Xpi(]_ k
ZbZj[\o
] [ ap\]me]mn
B X] aidl]md
aZ]7i#NX[ f7nE_knBl] hbXnd]7pEB
l[b lj]7pZEn
_ daqg]p^n(]+ kA^
,n]apFhbXnd]7kqBEPl @[b]CX#7
kljJ]7fd7i[fd7gbXnB\RE knc X#O
n[CbYb#d7iNd kZbm[b ,n]apFhb
Xnd]7nd poik=li[ a] qg]ap7? @[b ] C
X#7klj]7fd7XnB mBnX] aidl]
nEk
_ o[ hbXnd]7pBXE nB hl]mpb ]
fBd7i(]mRb[ me]7 f[#p^n(]+
~
a':atmifqef;pkMunf&JU aejynfawmf
c&D;pOftwGi;f OD;ode;f pdeEf iS hf awGq
Y cHk hJ
ai\]id_$i? l
b[ X#g?XZ^]7Xhd]
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]Td X\ape]
Xnd]#N[ ai\]idkape]ape]h[b]#d
lB\<] ]7#N7] <T[Qb d\iNd fC7b #l]Hld
lj7] pZEn
_ _E g?7pBd7X#7h[b ]#d kmbp]
|CXb hB7X@B7pBl
E b[ Hfbn]m ., #l]
X\Rl g?7pBd7X#7ped#N] X$^l]nd
J?7ai]:_ p^XidlxX$6#?#a? i]n
_ Rb[\RE k
nc X#NPhbC7n\]7l X\#d(c nl]
X#dl]Zn
_E (]mRb[ f[#p^n(]+
XhB7X@B7pBElb[ nl]X#dl]q[bR
kg[b7#Yl]l kg?kgJ]\RE -5 #l]
X\R \C\l] 5 \d#?iNd fn]7 #E
np]qBPE l #EiGN 7=l7? ,]7@[b o
] \B ]7n[Rb
kqBPE \ERknc X\ape]Xnd]lb[ X#dl]
#N[mdnE_ X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]
Td iB\7] mBpE b[ 7] iNd <[m
b ]ZjFp]Xkd]
h\]7!dn]pbC Zjn
[ h
] o
EB d7nE_ fizn
|C7b Z\]7iNd fin J?7f[\7] g[\\] RE po
ihb7C k=l[i] n\d#?Hld XhB7X@B7ZE_
Hlnd\ERpn]fl]ap?7 VVinclaBE pd7
Xfd fXYdod7kai]ijd7 XY7
q(]od7ap?7 @b[ ] @C N _] ape]fm
c o
c b
knBl] kiN\n
] l(] kljF7[ #[XN g
ie]_ YbCkljF[7g?7pBd7ijd7nB] pc7
Xp^]7Xhd]#l
B @] [b i] e_] kmd7k
mdijd7kd7 #]7@N7? pBm
]_ ]7gBd XhB7
X@B7Z_Efe]ttm[bR MRTV 4 |bp]ai]
trSwf (119)
a':atmifqefpMk unf aejynfawmfc&D;pOfrS tquf...
ai]k
_ #d#Ni[ jd7: X#B7Xldl]p,EB ] p^
n?ijd7@N_] g?7pBd7X#7mbp] \]7#NX] nB
gbgC e
bC e
? ? nl]X#dl]Hli(]_ @b[ ] C
Xnd]kh]X_ hB7X@B7pEl
B b[ ng]p^n?
l[b lb[(]gd7mN(] / J?7g? nl]
X#dl]qRb[ @[b ] XC #7p^n? %/3& p^n?
l[b q[n]Hld7ZE_Xpi(]_ XhB7X@B7pBE
lj]7pX#7J?7g?7Xld]in?l q[n]
gdXnBlb[ kZj\[ \] 7? lp]iN Xp7p[Rb Zn
_E _E
knBl] XhB7X@B7#i(]_ kZjlX] nB
\ERpn]fl]ap?7 ap]h]Zj[\] \e]7
fBd7n(]mRb[ @b[ ] XC #7p^n?nZjFP[ l
Xapdh[ib XD nB #NZ[ p_E ^n(]+
ai\]id@[b]C lb\f
] e]ijd7\N_]
gl]im
D l]im
D pb ] \]7#Ni] jd7 kf]7
ZjFp] JlQJ?7,]7Xkd]@N _] i?7#od7
,\]=l?7Qd\ kXoBXoBi\]X\jdn[Rb
qn]Hld7nE_ gdni]7@Ng]Xgd]l[b
\d7Xod]Za_E p?7 \C\l] -- \d#? ,\]7
lji] dN X\ape]Xnd]lX\ #\]l\b ]
l[b ap\]me]oBl]ZBdZE_ nE_ X$6
Xkd]h\]7gbHle]#PE X\ape]Xnd]
Z#?7gJ]idN ape]Xod]g,b \]Hl?7 k
ijd7gbl m[l
D m
] l
D[ ]mNEmNE =l[Fh[Zb _E
HlXpi(]_ ap\]Hld7X#7,\]=l?7 J?7
Xljd]h\]7lXnd_ f[f[fdfd
Xlj\p]iiD #Nn
[ dl[b XnBP#n(]mRb[
me]7 iS[ifn]7iNd Xqd]apod7
p^ n(]+
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]\_E J?7
f[\]7g[\n
] Rb[ #PE XnBPhbiC k
D Xp6 NLD
p^n?,]nZjFP[ l kXld]7Yl]l
|Dai]fb7C fp]ZE_Hlfm[b jdiK?\ER
o[b 7] gnEa_ pe]p@[b ] n
C ZjF[Plme]7
Xodl]Z=C l[FhZ[b H_E lap7? lbmfi}
kXoBXoBknB]7X#7iNG7 Y\]l?
iB\]7l @Ng]ql]o[p]n\]7XZ^]7
Xhd]XnB#EPXnBPhbiC DlX\ kijF[7
fd7#]Hld7Xg_X#7mbp] \]7XnBidN
ai\]id@[b ] f
C d7kd7mb7C p^,]@b[ q] Rb[
XiLd]m]_nE_kXHld]7\ER ai\]id
@[b]CiNd @[b]XC #7kljJ]7fd7XnB
mOn]Xp7ap?7 $?il
[b X#g? apFap]Xapd]7
mEX#7l[b J?7gd7Xp7 Xhd]#l
B f
] ]_
n(]mRb[ ./ #l]X\Rl op]in
C l
[b ]
nB\7] XapdhbZ[ p_E ^n(]+
~
owif;pOf (17)
Xp7@b[ Z] n
_E Ek
_ Zjl]XnB\RE fc f[Z#_E
nE_ kZjl]kml]XnBol
E nZjFP[
lb[ ap\]me]#N 7] apZEI_ p?7 NLD Yl]
lme]7 ai\]id@b[ ] iC dN @b[ ]XC #7: mcR
kZB_]kX#7 nb7[ nl]##Nq[ Rb[ knBl]
=l[F7pi]7Xhd]#BlX] \nE_ kZjl]
kml]XnB: JpX$k# ape]fm
c c
obl[b kXodl]klcXp7X\nE_ k
Zjl]XnB\ER n#d7JpX$gb[7ib[7X#7
knBl] Xhd]#Bl]X\nE_kZjl]
XnBlb[ X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]\ER
J?7n]J7? nbR[ l #N7] apZEn
_ (]mR[b k
qBRE #EP ap\]Hld7X#7nd,\]ZC J?7kb\7]
Hl[Fl
] Xapdp^n(]+
ai\]id@[b]#C PE mcRkZB_]kX#7
kXaZkX\XnBlb[ gbgC i]7Xm_mdq[Rb
X#dl]mdZE_nE_ igndl] nd7
\d7#EP 1 #l]Hld Z#?7gJ]X\dl]hC7b
Hfbnm
] .1 #l]X\ReX\iNd #\]
lb\] Xmh[pl
] ap\]me]ioBlZ] dB
Z]n\d#?HldapFmpb Z] n
_E E_ fn]7
gd#N7] m]7pBEidN fcR#EPZ#?7gJ] k
nB7] iNd apFmpb Z] n
_E _E XnBRhXCb hB7X@B7
iDXnB: Xm_mdf[#Z[N n
_E dXnBlb[ ap\]
me]#N 7] apZEI_ p?7 ai\]id@b[ ] iC dN nb7[
nl]X\nE_ @[b ] XC #7Xapd]7mEiD k
h]n
_ ZjF[Plb[ XnBP#XpiE_ mcRkZB]_
kX#7kXaZkX\XnBlXnd_ g[\]
XZ6iDidN #NX[ \hEpm
E Rb[ XapdfBd7ZEp_ ^
n(]+
owif;pOf (18)
trSwf (119)
trSwf (119)
owif;pOf (19)
jrefrmEkdiif HvGwfvyfonfhowif;at*sifpD
t,f'w
D mcsKyf
ZD0Zkd;
wm0efct
H ,f'Dwm
a&csrf;^rif;rif;
owif;t,f'w
D m
od*
+ ape]fRm
c n
O X] nd]JlQ=l7? ap\]me]ol
B Z] dB p^IpZ? ]<jd7+
tcrf;tem;rSL;+
+ ape]fRc mn
O X] nd]l(
b[ g] d7mN(i] jd7@N_] re]f
_ e]Xnd]
ijd7kd7mb7C oBl]ZdB @[b H] lp^Ip?Z]<jd7+
(The Voice Weekly Journal
rS ul;,lazmfjyonf/ )
pmrsufESmzGUpJ nf;rI
armifausmf
apmifa& - 1000
wefzkd; - (5) bwff
owif;pOfokdY
pmrlrsm;? a0zeftMuHjyKpmrsm;tm;
atmufygvdyfpmtwkid f;
qufoG,af y;ykdYEdik fMuygonf/
P.O.Box (91)
Tak, 63110
Mae Sod,Thailand.
binamojooffice@gmail.com
www.binamojo.org
EkdifiHa&;
tHwkr_aumfrwDtm;
rkd;BuKd;owif;pOfrS
txl;aus;Zl;wif&ydS gonf/
t,f'w
D mtzGUJ
owif;pOf (20)
trSwf (119)
ai\]id_$i? l
[b X#g?XZ^]7Xhd]
X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]lb[ kgb7[ #
fg]#PE kfC7b ZjZiC aqg]#Xkd] hl]
ml],\]7#CIp?7 |bgl
b[ X] p7HlqRb[ k
ljJ]7Xod]XnBidN kljJ]7ljX\
nE_ 44 ijF[ 7hl] Xljd]7fd7XZ^]7
Xhd]XnBl nbl
[ n
] \B 7] fn[Xp7
mbl
[ ]n(]mRb[ Hfbnm
] /- #l]
X\Rl r#d,n?idN Xqd]apod7nE_ f
n]7k# f[#p^n(]+
Yc7f?7Xnd] kljJ]7Xod]
iNd kljJ7] ljZXC \#nE_ Xljd]7fd7
XZ^]7Xhd] l[Xb Q7Hl(
B l
] b[ Xod]
,]gdfBd7XnBRZn
_E E_ X(dl]qaqg]fc
iNd#N[nE_ 44 ij[F7hl]XZ^]7Xhd]
l[bl[b=l?7l kij[F7fd7ap\]me]
f_]ain]Ip?7 $?ibl
[ X#g?kfB]lc7
Xapd]7q[RbknBl] poiXaZmNi7] k
aqg]fn]iNn]Ip?7 fn[@N_] =l[Fhb[
mb[ln
] (]mb[R f[#p^n(]+
$^_kap] ape]fXc nBkXp6 od7
#N[nE_ X$6Xkd]h\]7gbHle]#PE |b[7
fd7nEX_ gn\dl[b kgb[7#fg]l k
fC7b iZj@b[ X] kd] fcikX\\ER fn[
#Nf
[ ]n
_ (]mRb[ l[l
b =b[l7? l nbl
[ n
] \B 7]
Zj]X\nE_kXHld]7 ib[ ]7hn] k
ljJ7] Xod]@N _] \?7gp]fn
c X(dl]
l Xapdp^n(]+
Xhd] lB\(
] l]kqBPE : kA^,n]apF
hbXnd]7kqBEP: 44 Xljd]7fd7
kqBEP\ER naZd7kqBEPkge]7XnB k
ap] $?i[l
b X#g?X#7m[bmd7fcijd7\ER
g[np] ^,]gd7fc Xljd]7fd7 ape]
fcXnBl X#On[ Y
Cb #b d7#]ap] gX\
Xod]i_ dN iB\7] mBE - \d#?iN . \d#?ZEB
ko[ lj]7pZEH_ lndaqg]p^n(]+
kZi]7k\d7iNG7kaqg] @[b] XC #7
kljJ]7fd7i[fd7gbijd7 kljF[7
Xhd]l\B (
] l]iN l[T
b \],]7Xkd]
l Xhd]#Bl]ZE_ap?7 kZi]7k\d7
pmrsuEf mS (16) aumfvH (1) odYk ...
urpufmwh'ifbrD mv?dku2011
a&pD
jymMum;aomrd
efYc/ Gef;
ckESpa
f eYwGif a':atmifqef
jref;rpk
mEkidMunf
fiHvGwfvyfa
onf
h owif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onf
tcsyfydk (2)
usr'Dvkd bmjzpfvt
Ykd cktcsed rf mS 'Dtajymif;tvJupd e JY ajym&vJqw
kd m[m tajymif;tvJukd b,fvykd pHk eH YJ vdck siMf uw,f
qdw
k m w a,mufeJw
Y a,mufrwlnyD gb;l / wu,fu
h kd 'Dru
kd a&pDpw
d "f mwf&w
dS o
hJ al wGu tajymif;tvJukd Nird ;f csr;f wJeh nf;
eJyY v
J ckd si&f r,f/ bmjzpfvv
Ykd Jqakd wmh 'g[m 'Dru
kd a&pD&JU tESpo
f m&&yJ/ tck 'g[m tajymif;tvJtwGuf vkyw
f ,fqv
kd &Ykd &dS if
b,foYlurkd S epfemapcsiv
f kdrY [kwb
f l;/ b,folaY qmfNyD;awmh b,folurS wufr,fa[hqkdwJpw
d "f mwf/ 'Dvdrk [kwb
f l ;/
jynfou
l rkd emzd?Yk wdik ;f jynfurkd emzdYk wdik ;f jynfuvufcNH y;D awmh wdik ;f jynfu toifah wmfqHk;jzpfwJh tkycf sKyfa&;pepfwck&zdS yYkd J/
'gaMumifh usrwdu
Yk vnf; 'Dru
kd a&pDuv
kd t
kd yfygw,fvYkd ajymaewm/ bmjzpfvv
Ykd Jqakd wmh jynfojl ynfom;tm;vk;H [m b,f
vdyk Jajymajym wcsKu
Ud 'Dru
kd a&pDqw
kd m bmvJqw
kd mvnf; em;rvnfb;l ajymw,f/ Edik if aH &;qdw
k mvnf; bmvJ em;rvnf
bl;qdw
k mvnf;ajymw,f/ 'gayr,fh b,fvpkd epfyJjzpfjzpf vlwikd ;f ? vlwikd ;f [m rdru
d adk v;pm;Ny;D awmh wefz;kd xm;wJph epfukd
vdck sirf SmyJ/ ar;Munfv
h du
k fvYkd&&dS if ud,
k u
hf kd *krpdu
k w
f JhpepfrsK ;d vdck siv
f m;/ b,fvkdtyk fcsK yfrIpepfrsK ;d vdck sifvJ/ ud,
k fu
h kdrS
xnfrh wGuw
f m? ud,
k u
hf rkd S vlrxifwm? eif;jym;yJvjYkd rifwJh pepfrsK;d vdck siv
f m;/ ud,
k u
hf v
kd w
l a,mufvYkd wu,fh tESpo
f m&
jynhfjynfheJY av;av;pm;pm;qufqrH ,fph epfrsK;d vdck sio
f vm;qdv
k &Ykd &dS if tJ'v
D rkd sK;d pepfrsK;d vdck sifw,fvYkd ajymMurSmyJ/ b,f
olurS ud,
k u
hf *kd krpdu
k w
f Jph epf? ud,
k u
hf Ekd rdS w
f Jh pepf? ud,
k u
hf rkd w&m;nO;f qJwphJ epfrsK;d udk vdck siMf urSmr[kwb
f ;l / Ny;D awmh usr
wdt
Yk m;vk;H [m ud,
k u
f aeNy;D awmh vdck sio
f vdk vlrsm;awGuv
kd nf; udk,af y;&r,f/ 'g[m 'Dru
kd a&pDtwGuw
f if r[kwb
f ;l /
b,fvu
kd pd r sK;d rSmrqdk atmifjrifjcif;udv
k ckd siw
f ,fqv
kd &Ykd &dS if wm0efet
YJ cGit
hf a&;[m csed cf iG v
f sS mnD&w,f/ tcGit
hf a&;csn;f yJ
vdck siv
f Ykd rjzpfb;l / tcGit
hf a&; vdck siw
f ,fq&kd if wm0efuakd usyGe&f r,f/ Ny;D awmh wcsKd u
U wm0eft& vkyyf gw,fqNkd y;D wm0eff
qdw
k m bmrSe;f awmifrS rodwmawG&w
dS ,f/ tJ'aD wmh wu,fyJ yg;pyfu wm0eft&vkyyf gw,fq&kd if wm0efqw
kd m bmvJqkd
wm od&v
JU m;/ tJ'aD wmh qifjcifww
kH &m;eJY trsm;Bu;D qdik w
f ,f/ vlwa,muf&UJ wm0efq
f w
kd m wcsed ef JY wcsed rf mS rwlb;l / Oyrm
qdv
k &Ykd dS&if uav;b0rSmqdv
k d&Yk &dS if uav;&Jw
U m0ef[m bmvJqkd&if uav;[m ausmif;pmzwfr,f/ ausmif;pmawmh Ny;D
atmifvyk rf ,f/ aqmhwJt
h csed af qmhr,f/ twdik ;f twmwcktxd vlBu;D pum;em;axmifr,f/ usr twdik ;f twmwck txdvYkd
yJ ajymwmyg/ bmjzpfvv
Ykd Jqakd wmh wcsKv
Ud Bl u;D awGu uav;awGukd t&rf; wcgwnf; MuyfMuyfrwfrwfyo
Hk Gi;f wmudk usr
odyrf BuKd ub
f ;l / uav;awGuvnf; i,fi,fb0xJuvnf; twdik ;f twmwcktxd vGwv
f yfr&I &dS r,f/ Ny;D awmh rdbawG
u ajymwmqdkwmawG[m odyrf rSswbl;qdv
k kd&Y dS&if uav;awGuvnf; 'gukd jrifyikd cf Gif&h S&d r,f/ olwYkdbmeJY olwdYk pOf;pm;
qifjcifyikd cf Gi&hf &dS r,f/ 'guav;b0wm0efayg/h Mu;D vmwJt
h cgusawmh vlBu;D jzpfvmusawmh vlBu;D wm0ef[m rwlb;l / 'Dvkd
yJ usrwdv
Yk yI &f mS ;rIawGrmS qdv
k &Ykd &dS if wcsed ef w
YJ csed [
f m wm0efawG[m rwlygb;l / tajctaetcsed t
f cg&v
UJ t
dk yfcsut
f & ud,
k hf
wm0ef[m bmvJqw
kd mudk rSerf eS u
f efuef ok;H oyfzv
Ykd ykd gw,f/ tJ'v
D kd rSerf eS u
f efuef rok;H oyfEikd v
f &Ykd &dS if usrwd&Yk v
JU yI &f mS ;rIukd
atmifjrifatmif vkyfEdkifrSmr[kwfygbl;/ 'D[mawmh usrowday;yg&ap/
tckq&dk if usrwkdEY idk if [
H m tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk w
f hJ tajctaerSm a&mufaeygw,f/ tajymif;tvJ jzpfNyv
D Ydk vnf; usr
rajymcsifygb;l / 'gayrJh'g usruvnf; vlod&iS Mf um; ajymNy;D om; jzpfygw,f/ tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk rf ,fh tajctaea&mufaeNyDvYkd
usr ,kMH unfw,f/ tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk rf ,fh tajctaerSm a&mufaeNyq
D &dk if 'D tajymif;tvJawG[m jynfot
l wGuf t
aumif;qk;H ? wkid ;f jynftwGuf taumif;qk;H jzpfatmifvYdk b,fyb
Hk ,fenf;eJY vkyrf vJqw
dk m vlwidk ;f vlwidk ;f [m wm0efoo
d ed JY
av;av;eufeuf pOf;pm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/
wcsKu
dU sawmh ykpH Hrajymif;Ekid b
f ;l / 'DyHpk H 'DyHpk HyJ? 'Dtajctaevnf; 'DypkH yH v
J yk rf ,f? [kdtajctaevnf; 'DykHpHyJ vkyrf ,fqw
kd m
rjzpfEidk yf gb;l / 'g[m tajctaeudk qifjcifo;Hk oyf Edik w
f Jh t&nftcsi;f tm;enf;wmvdyYk J ajym&rSmyJ/
Ny;D awmh tck usrwkYd 'DaeY[m yxrOD;qk;H urm'h rD u
dk a&pDaeYayg?h 'Dvkd wurmvk;H u urm'h rD u
dk a&pDaeYqNdk y;D awmh usi;f
yvm&wJh taMumif;&if;uawmh 'Dru
dk a&pD&UJ wefz;dk udk trsm;u odvmvdyYk J/ 'Dru
dk a&pD vdt
k yfw,fqw
dk m trsm;u vufcv
H m
vdYk jzpfygw,f/ usrwku
Yd awmh 'Dru
dk a&pDvt
kd yfw,fqw
dk mukd ckid cf idk rf mrm vufccH w
Jh m tESpf 20 ausmo
f Gm;ygNyD/ 'gaMumihrf Ydk
vnf; trsK;d om;'Dru
dk a&pDtzGcJU sKyf[m tifrwefrS cufcJwJh vrf;Murf;BuD;ukd 'Dru
dk a&pDqw
dk t
Jh ,ltqudk vufuae NrJNrJ
ukid Nf y;D usrwkYd csw
D ufcJw
h m jzpfygw,f/
tJ'Dawmh 'DavmufMumMumcsw
D ufNyD;wJt
h csed t
f xdawmifrS wcsKu
Ud wu,fawmh 'Dru
kd a&pD &JU tESpo
f m&udk odyef m;
rvnfMuao;bl;/ wckawmh&w
dS ,faemf/ oif,cl siw
f Jo
h q
l w
kd m b,ftcsed rf qdk oif,v
l &Ykd w,f/ touf tueft
Y owf
r&Syd gb;l / tcsed t
f ueft
Y owfr&Syd gb;l / aemufq;Hk usawmhqEygy/J usr cPcPajymovdyk ?J atmif jrifjcif;w&m;av;yg;
qkw
d m qEeJY pwmyJ/ qE&NdS yq
D &kd if bmrqdv
k yk v
f Ykd&w,f/ ud,
k hf&JpU w
d u
f v
kd nf; ajymif;vd&Yk w,f/ ud,
k v
f yk w
f Ju
h pd a wGukd
vnf; wnfv
h u
kd v
f &Ykd w,f/ rwnfhae&if/ tpuwnf;u wnfNh y;D om;qdk&if ydNk yD;awmh jrifrh m;atmifv?Ykd ydNk y;D awmh cdik rf m
atmifvYkd vkyv
f &Ykd w,f/ tJ'aD wmh 'Dvakd eYrsKd;rSm usrwdu
Yk oHEXd mefcs&rSmu usrwdu
Yk 'Dru
kd a&pD&zdq
Yk Nkd y;D awmh vkycf w
Jh Jh tzJGU
tpnf;jzpfw,f/ 'Dru
kd a&pD&wJt
h xd usrwd[
Y k m cdik cf ikd rf mrmeJY rSeu
f efwhJ pdw"f mwfeYJ vkyo
f mG ;r,f/ rSeu
f efwphJ w
d "f mwfqw
kd m
bmudt
k ajccHvJqakd wmh wm0efopd w
d u
f kd tajccHw,f/ wm0efopd w
d rf &Sv
d &Ykd &dS if b,fvrkd S ud,
k v
f yk w
f t
Jh vky[
f m rSeu
f efEikd f
rSm r[kwyf gb;l / 'gayr,fh wm0efopd w
d q
f w
kd m[m ud,
k w
hf m0ef[m bmvJqw
kd mudk aoaocsmcsmavhvmok;H oyfwwfwJ?h
ok;H oyfEikd w
f Jh t&nftcsi;f vnf;&Szd v
Ykd ykd g w,f/
usr ed*;Hk csKyftaeeJYajymyg&ap/ usrwdt
Yk rsKd ;om; 'Dru
kd a&pDtzGcUJ syk 0f ifawG[m tESpf 20 ausmfausmf 'Dru
kd a&pDtwGuf
vkyaf eygw,f? vkyv
f mygw,fvaYkd jymNy;D rS tckvt
kd csed af &mufwJt
h cgrmS ud,
k &hf w
JU m0ef[m bmvJ? ud,
k b
f ,fvkd qufNy;D awmh
vkyo
f Gm;&r,fqw
kd mudk ud,
k yf ikd
f PfeYJ odatmifvYkd BuKd ;pm;Muyg/ vlrsm;ajymwdik ;f vnf; em;axmifzrYkd vdyk gb;l / usrajymwdik ;f
vnf; ,Hpk &mr[kwyf gb;l / ud,
k b
hf momud,
k f aoaocsmcsmavhvmyg/ avhvmNy;D awmh ud,
k ,
f MkH unfoa&GU ? ,HMk unfonfh
tavsmuf qufNy;D awmh cdik cf ikd rf mrmeJY avsmS ufvrS ;f oGm;MuygvYkd usrwdu
k w
f Ge;f csiyf gw,f/
trSwf (119)
tckq&dk if usrwkYd
EkdifiH[m
tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk w
f hJ
tajctaerSm
a&mufaeygw,f/
tajymif;tvJ jzpfNyDvYdk
vnf; usr rajymcsiyf gb;l /
'gayrJh'g usruvnf;
vlo&d iS Mf um; ajymNyD;om;
jzpfygw,f/
tajymif;tvJjzpfEid k rf ,fh
tajctaea&mufaeNyv
D Yd k
usr ,kMH unfw,f/
tajymif;tvJjzpfEidk rf ,fh
tajctaerSm
a&mufaeNyq
D &dk if
'Dtajymif;tvJawG[m
jynfoltwGuf
taumif;qk;H ?
wkdi;f jynftwGuf
taumif;qk;H jzpfatmifvYdk
b,fyb
Hk ,fenf;eJY
vkyrf vJqdw
k m
vlwidk ;f vlwidk ;f [m
wm0efoo
d deYJ
av;av;eufeuf
pOf;pm;&rSm jzpfygw,f/
wcsKUu
d sawmh
ykpH rH ajymif;Ekid b
f ;l / 'DypHk H
'DypHk yH ?J 'Dtajctaevnf;
'DyHpk yH v
J yk rf ,f?
[kt
d ajctaevnf; 'DypHk yH J
vkyrf ,fqdw
k m
rjzpfEidk yf gb;l /'g[m tajc
taeudkqifjcifo;Hk oyf
Edik w
f t
hJ &nftcsi;f
tm;enf;wmvdykY J
ajym&rSmyJ/
pufwifbmv? 2011 ckESpf