DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : B.Balaji
Designation : HAEIE
Branch : Applied Electronics & Instrumentation
Institute : Govt Polytechnic for Minorities, Guntur
Semester : III Semester
Subject : Process Instrumentation – I
Subject code : AEI-305
Topic : PH Measurement
Duration : 50 Mts
Sub Topic : Principle of Measurement of PH
Teaching Aids : PPT’s, Diagrams
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 Recap

In the previous class we have discussed about:

• Importance of PH

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 Objectives

Upon completion of this period, you would be

able to know about

• The principle of measurement of PH

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 Principle of pH

• Different pH values of two solutions are separated by thin

glass membrane
• Potential difference between two membranes developed
• potential difference is due to
• Change in [H+]
• Nature of glass membrane/electrode

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 Approach to determine PH

• Specially designed electrodes allows hydrogen

ions to migrate into solution

• Migration is through selective barrier

• Produces a measurable potential difference

• Potential difference is proportional to solution of pH

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 Principle of PH measurement

• The principle of pH measurement is based on the

property of H+ ion
• Which react with a special glass membrane/electrode
and produces a potential difference between the
solutions and the electrode
• This potential difference is measured by a suitable
measuring circuit.

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 Principle of PH measurement

• The method involves the fact that when a metal is placed

in its own ionic solution ,

• Then a potential difference is developed between the

metal and the solution which is proportional to the

concentration of the ions ‘c’ and is given by

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 Principle of PH measurement

• E =E0 – (0.059/n) log c

• Where, c is the metal ion concentration

• n is the number of valency of the ion

If c = 1 gm-ion/l .i.e c = 1, E= E0 = normal electrode

potential.

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 Principle of PH measurement

• Fig.1 shows detailed compensatation scheme.

• In presence of H2 gas, the metal electrode made of

platinum produces a potential difference between it and
the ionic solution of either known or unknown PH
•
• For measurement a linking of the two cells is done by the
salt bridge that has a conductivity that does not alter the
EMF conditions in the two cells.

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 Principle of PH measurement

• If E and Es are the emfs in the unknown and the

standard cells respectively with PH and PHs as the
corresponding the PH values then the conventional
operational definition follows from the measuring
Equation

E0 = E-Es = CT (PH-PHs)
Where,
c is a constant (198x10-6)v/0K

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Principle of PH measurement

Fig : 1
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 Summary

In this class we have discussed about

• Principle of PH measurement

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 Quiz

1. The principle of pH measurement is based on

the property of

• H+ ion
• H- ion
• cl- ion
• None

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 Frequently Asked Question

Short type :

• Explain the principle of measurement of pH

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