University of Salahaddin-Hewler

College of Engineering
Department of Civil Eng.

Prepared By:-Dilshad Ismail Ahmad

-Trifa Sabr Saeed
- Kamaran Abdulla Suleyman
Supervised By:-Mr.Zrar Sddiq

(2006-2007)
1

*
*

(32)
They(Angels) said:"Glory be to You,we have no
knowledge except what you have taught us.Verily it is
you,the All-Knower,the All-Wise."
(Al-Baqarah 32)

To:Our parents whose learened us the way of life and dedicated

their love to us, and our teachers for their useful advises and
also for every word that they learned, and our project
supervisor Mr.Zrar Sddiq who helped us to prepare this
project of "Multistorey Design".

Dilshad,Trifa&Kamaran
27/5/2007

Table Of Contents:
-CHAPTER ONE....SLAB
-CHAPTER TWO...........BEAMS
-CHAPTER THREECOLUMNS
-REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE
Design of Slab using
Direct Design Method(DDM)
Occupacy:-Supermarket
Primary dimensions:
-Slab Thickness:160 mm
-Beam Dimension:(300*560)mm
-Column Dimension:(400*400)mm

Limitations:
1-Min. 3 panels in each direction. O.K.
2-l/l=5.8/4.4=1.32<2 Two-way span O.K.
3-Difference in spans=4.8-4.4=0.4 <4.8/3 O.K.
4-Offsets of columns=0 <10% O.K.
5-Calculating 1 & 2 :be for T-section=bw+2(h-t)=<bw+8t
=300+2(560-160)=<300+8*160
=1100=<1560
Be=1100 mm
Be for L-section=bw+(h-t)=<bw+4t
=300+(560-160)=<300+4*160
=700=<940
Be=700 mm

-Beams 1&2:

3
bh
I =k
b
12

b
b
1 + ( e 1)( t )[4 6( t ) + ( t ) 2 + ( e 1)( t )3 ]
h
bw
h
h
h
bw
k=
b
1 + ( e 1)( t )
bw
h
For T-section:
K=1.72
For L-section:
K=2.6434
=Ib/Is=4.61
-Beams 3&4:
=15.455
-Beams 5&6
=3.8144
-Beams 6&7:
=11.7244
for all panels:
0.2<((1*l2^2)/(2*l1^2))<5.0

O.K.

6-Calculating L.L and D.L:

Min. uniformly distributed live load

for Supermarket,use 125 ksf
125 ksf=6.25 KN/m^2
Wd.l=wt. of slab+(tile+mortar)+gypsum plaster

For roof:

Wd.l=0.02*16+0.16*24+0.02*12+0.06*18+0.07*24
=7.16 KN/m^2

For other floors:

Wd.l=0.03*23+0.05*23+0.16*24+0.02*16=6.0 KN/M^2
8

Wd.l/Wl.l =6.25/6.0=1.04<2 O.K.

*All limitations satisfied and D.D.M can be applied.

Checking thickness according to ACI Code 9.5.3.3

Panel
m

1
8.9

2
6.92

For all panels: m>2 ,

Use Equ.(9-13)
t min.=(Ln(0.8+(Fy/1400))/(36+9*))
Ln1=5.8-0.4=5.4 m
Ln2=4.8-0.4=4.4 m
Ln=5.4
=5.4/4.4=1.2273
t min.=0.114 m=114 mm
t given=160 mm>114 mm
Use t=160 mm

3
6.19

4
4.21

Design Of Floor Slab:

Total factored static moment=1/8 * Wu*L2*Ln^2

-Long direction(L2=4.8 m,Ln=5.4 m)

Wu=1.2*6.0+1.4*6.25
=17.342 KN/m^2
M=303.42 KN.m

-Short direction(L2=5.8 m,Ln=4.4 m)

M=243.41 KN.m

-ve & +ve moments in frames:

for exterior span according to ACI,13-6.3.3 table:
Use case 2:
0.57M
0.35M

0.65M

0.16M

0.65M
0.70M

10

-Long direction , M=303.42 KN.m

-Short direction , M=243.41 KN.m

-Column strip & Middle strip moments:

C for the edge beam:

C=(1-0.63x/y)*((x^3 * y)/3)

11

X,mm

Y,mm

160

700

(x^3
(10.63x/y) y)/3
10^9
mm^4
0.856
0.956

A1

C,10^9

2.7173
2
1

300
160

400
400

0.5275
0.252

3.6
0.546

A2

1.8384
2

300

560

0.3375

5.04

C=2.7173 * 10^9 mm^4

Distribution of moments into :

-Column strip
-Middle strip
-Beams

-ve moment at face of exterior support:

-long direction,column strip
l2/l1=4.8/5.8=0.83
1*l2/l1=4.61*0.83=3.83>1
Is=1.6384 * 10^9 mm^4
C=2.7173 * 10^9 mm^4
t=C/(2*Is)=0.83
Using interpolation column strip shall be proportion to resist 93.7% of
factored moment.
12

Total moment of 48.55KN.m :

-beam 85%
-Col. st. 93.7%
-slab 15%
-M.st. 6.3%
Col.st. moment of beam=38.67 KN.m
Col.st. moment of slab =6.82 KN.m
M.st. moment = 3.06 KN.m
Short direction:
-beam 85%
-Col.st. 94.75%
-Total moment of 38.94KN.m
-slab 15%
-M.st. 5.25%
Moment of beam=31.36 KN.m
Moment of slab=5.53 KN.m
Moment of M.st.=2.05 KN.m

-ve moment at exterior face of interior support:

-short direction
Col st. 68.7%(beam 85% , slab 15%)
M.st. 31.3%

-ve moment at exterior face of first interior support & of

typical interior supports:
-long direction
Col. st. 80.1%(beam 85% , slab 15%)
M.st.
19.9%
13

+ve moment in exterior & interior spans:

Same as ve moment at interior support

Width=4.8m
M.st. =2.4m
Col.st.=2.4 m
Width=5.8m
Col.st.=2.9m
M.st. =2.9m

-ve
T-M 48.55
Slab
38.67
Beam 6.82
M.st
3.06
T-M
38.94
Slab 31.36
Beam 5.53
M.st. 2.05

Exterior span
+ve
-ve
173
212.4
117.8 144.61
20.8
25.52
34.43 42.27
138.74 170.4
81
99.5
14.3
17.6
43.43 53.34

Calculation of :
= 1 (1 1 2mR )
m

fy

M=fy/(0.85f'c)=15.46
R=Mu/(*b*d^2)

14

Interior span
-ve
+ve -ve
197.22 106.2 197.22
134.28 72.31 134.28
23.7
12.76 23.7
39.25 21.13 39.25
158.2 85.2 158.2
92.4
49.75 92.4
16.3
8.78 16.3
49.5
26.67 49.5

Using 12mm, 25mm concrete cover:

dL=d(long direc.)=160-25-(12/2)=129 mm
dS=d(short direc.)=129-12=117 mm

Long direction:
-Col.st. & M.st:
=0.0647(1-(1-0.00316Mu))
Short direction:
-Col.st.
=0.0647(1-(1-0.00318Mu))
-M.st.
=0.0647(1-(1-0.0027Mu))

15

Area of steel bars

12 mm ,As=113 mm^2
Smax.=2*t =2*160= 320 mm
As=bd
-Long direction:

Exterior span
-ve
+ve
Col.st.As,mm^2 619
681
No. of bar
6
7
Spacing
Smax. Smax.
M.st.As,mm^2 619
1114.56
No. of bar
6
10
Spacing
Smax. 240

Interior span
-ve
-ve
+ve
836
774
619
8
7
6
300
Smax. Smax.
1393.2 1300.3 681
13
12
7
184
200
Smax.

-ve
774
7
Smax.
1300.3
12
200

-Short direction:

Exterior span
-ve
+ve
Col.st.As,mm^2 678.6 678.6
No. of bar
6
6
Spacing
Smax. Smax.
M.st.As,mm^2 678.6 1323.27
No. of bar
6
12
Spacing
Smax. 240

16

Interior span
-ve
-ve
+ve
678.6
678.6
678.6
6
6
6
Smax. Smax. Smax.
1628.64 1526.85 814.32
15
14
8
193
207
362.5

-ve
678.6
6
Smax.
1526.85
14
207

Long direction
-Col.st.:
-ve(top bar) 12@30 cm C/Ca
+ve(bottom) 12@30 cm C/C.b
-M.st.:
-ve, 12@15 cm C/C.c
+ve, 12@15 cm C/Cd
Short direction
-Col.st.:
-ve , 12@30 cm C/Ce
+ve , 12@30 cm C/C...f
-M.st.:
-ve , 12 @15 cm C/Cg
+ve , 12@15 cm C/Ch
For corner use 10@20 cm C/C

17

18

Factored shear strength

Floor area around B3 (most critical beam):

A=4*(0.5*204^2)+2*1
=16.32 m^2
Applied shear force=A*Wu
=16.32*17.342=283.02 KN
Resisting shear force=(/6)*f'c *b*d
=(0.75/6)*20.7 *4.8*0.129
=352 KN
Resisting shear force>Applied shear force
-No shear reinforcement required

19

Design Of Roof Slab

D.L=7.16 KN/m^2

L.L=2 KN/m^2

Wu=11.39 KN/m^2
Moment:
-long direction=198.75200 KN.m
-short direction=159.45160 KN.m
-Long direction:

Total
M.st.
Beam
Slab

Exterior span
Ex -ve
+ve
-ve
32
114
140
2.016
22.69
27.86
25.49
77.64
95.32
4.5
13.7
16.82

Interior span
-ve
+ve
-ve
130
70
130
25.87
13.93
25.87
88.51
47.66
88.51
15.62
8.41
15.62

Col.st. width=2.4 m
M.st. width =2.4 m
d=129 mm ,

m=15.46

M
R=
bd
u

m=

fy
f c

Col.st:
-ve As=619.2 mm^2 Use 812 @ 30cm C/C
+ve As=619.2 mm^2 Use 812 @ 30cm C/C
M.st.:
-ve As=897.84 mm^2 Use 812 @ 30cm C/C
+ve As=743 mm^2
Use 812 @ 30cm C/C
20

-Short direction

Total
M.st.
Beam
Slab

Exterior span
Ex -ve
+ve
-ve
25.6
91.2
112
28.55
35
53.26
65.4
9.4
11.54

-Col.st. width=2.9 m
-M.st. Width =2.9 m
d=117 mm , m=15.46
Col.st.:
-ve M , Use 812 @ 30 cm C/C
+ve M , Use 812 @ 30 cm C/C
M.st.:
-ve M , Use 1212 @ 24 cm C/C
+ve M , Use 912 @ 32 cm C/C

21

-ve
104

Interior span
+ve
-ve
56
104

CHAPTER TWO

Design Of Beams

BL: Beam in Long direction

BS: Beam in Short direction

22

-Floor Beams
-Long direction:
Grid 1:- Using Moment Distribution Method Of Analysis

bh 3
Ib =
2
12

=8.8 * 10^-3

Ic=(0.4*0.4^3)/12= 2.13*10^-3 m^4

23

K=4

EI
L

Kb=129.78
Kc=60.73
DF(1-2)=129.78/(129.78+2*60.73)=0.52
DF(1-1`,1-1``)=0.24
DF(2-3)=0.34
DF(2-2` ,2-2``)=0.16

FEM =

1
Wu l 2
12

Wd.l=Wt. of slab+Wt. of beam+Wt. of wall

=(7.92*0.16*24)+(0.3*0.4*5.8*24)+(7.7*5.8)
=91.8 KN/5.8 m =15.8 KN/m16 KN/m
Wl.l=6.25*7.92=49.5 KN/5.8m =8.53 KN/m9 KN/m
Wu=1.2*Wd.l+1.6Wl.l=1.2*16+1.6*9=33.6 KN/m

24

FEM=94.19 KN.m

Joint 1

DF
COF
FEM
DM
COM

Joint 2

DM

1-2

2-1

2-2

2-3

3-2

3-3

0.24

0.51

0.34

0.16

0.34

0.34

0.16 0.34

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

-94.19

94.19

94.19
94.19
22.79 48.04 0
0

8.19-

4-3

4-4

4-5

5-4

5-5

0.34

0.16

0.34

0.51

0.24

0.5

0.5

0.5

94.19-

94.19

94.19-

94.19

48.04 22.79

24.023.84-

8.19-

4.095
0.991 2.089

8.19
4.095-

3.84

8.19

4.095-

4.095
2.089 0.995

1.045

DM

0.36-

3-4

Joint 5

24.02

COM

COM

Joint 4

1-1

DM
COM

Joint 3

1.0450.360.167

0.1823.78 110.7 -4.01

48.34

0.36
0.18-

0.168 0.36

0.18

89.915
102.74

25

102.74 4.01
89.915

0.18
48.34 110.705
23.78

According to ACI (8-3-3):

Using Coefficient method for calculating moments:

-ve moment at exterior face of first interior support:

ln2
M = Wu
10

-ve moments at other faces of interior supports:

ln2
M = Wu
11

-ve moment at interior face of first exterior support:

ln2
M = Wu
16

26

-It is clear that the results of coefficient method are close to (greater or
equal)moment dist. Method,so it is possible to use coeff. Method(ACI
8.3.3) to determine moments and shear in design of beams.

-Long Direction
Beam BL1:
+ve moment =80.74 KN.m
-ve moment =113 KN.m
Shear =112 KN

27

m=15.46
R=Mu/(0.9*b*d^2)

= 0.065(1 1

min =

2 15.46 0.01402 M u
)
272

1.4
f c

= 0.0015
fy
4f y

-ve As=968.36 mm^2 (516)

+ve As=775.6 mm^2 (416) ,min control
Spacing:
(300-2*20-2*10-5*160)/4=40 mm>25 mm O.K
Shear:

v u = 1.15

w uln
= 112.06 KN
2

1-If Vu>Vc

a Vu <

Shear reinforcement required

1
d
f `c b w d , S or 600mm
3
2

1
2
d
f `c b w d < Vu <
f `c b w d , S or 300mm
3
3
4

28

2-If (Vc/2)<Vu<Vc

Av =

Min. reinforcement required

1 bwS
d
, S max =
3 fy
2

Vc =

f `c b w d ; = 0.75
6

Vc=87.7 KN
For beam BL1 : min. shear required
S=257 mm
Use 10mm@25cm C/C

Beam BL2:
-Ve moment=102.76 KN.m
+Ve moment=70.64 KN.m

29

Floor Beams:

-Ve M +Ve M Shear

-Ve
+Ve
Shear
KN.m KN.m Force,KN Reinf. Reinf. Reinf.
Long Grid BL1
Dir.
(1) BL2
Grid BL`1
(2) BL`2
Short Grid BS1
Dir.
(A) BS2
Grid BS`1
(B) BS`2

113
102.76
178.97
162.7
65.71
71.1
106.57
115.3

80.74
70.64
127.83
127.8
47
55.86
76.12
90.6

112.1
97.44
177.42
154.3
85.87
74.67
139.3
132.1

30

516
516
620
520
416
416
516
516

416
416
420
420
416
416
416
416

10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm

Roof Beams:

Long Grid BL1

Dir.
(1) BL2
Grid BL`1
(2) BL`2
Short Grid BS1
Dir.
(A) BS2
Grid BS`1
(B) BS`2

-Ve
M
KN.m
79.39
73
115.6
105
46.46
51
60
65

+Ve
M
KN.m
57
56.7
83
82.56
33.2
33.2
43
43

Shear
Shear
-Ve
+Ve
Force,KN Reinf. Reinf. Reinf.
78.7
68.44
114.6
99.6
60.72
57.6
78.43
74.41

31

416
416
516
416
416
416
416
416

416
416
416
416
416
416
416
416

10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm
10@25cm

CHAPTER THREE

Design of Columns

32

Roof:
e min . = 15 + 0.03h = 0.027m
Axial load=Reactions + Wt. of column

COL.
C1
C2

P,KN
500.31
861.72

ex,m
0.1313
0.1237

ey,m
0.1411

C3
C4

839.42
1525

0.0357
0.0319

0.1332

C3`
C4`

894.42
1566.24

0
0

0.125

emin .
emin .
emin .

Case
Biaxial
Uniaxial
Biaxial
Uniaxial
Uniaxial
Axial

Ground floor:

COL.
C1

P,KN
131.57

Mx,KN.m ex,m
50
0.46

My,KN.m ey,m
60
0.38

Case
Biaxial

C2

218.94

6.39

0.274

60

emin .

Uniaxial

C3

224.8

72.2

0.07

15.5

0.32

Biaxial

C4

368.5

10.6

0.061

22.5

emin .

Uniaxial

C3`

255

72.2

---

---

0.283

Uniaxial

C4`

369.5

10.6

---

---

0.029

Axial

33

Design of Columns for Ground Floor:

(C1): P=500.31 KN , ex=0.1313m , ey=0.1411m (Biaxial condition)
ex/h=0.33
ey/h=0.353
Assume =0.01 (min.)
Ag=0.16 m^2 = 248 in^2

Ast=1600 mm^2

Using Interaction Diagrams:

400 ( 2 * 20)
= 0.8
400

f c = 28Mpa = 4Ksi
f y = 420Mpa = 60Ksi
From reciprocal method:

1
1
1
1
=
+

Pn Pnx Pny P0
Pnx = Pux = 264.37Kip = 1176.44KN
Pny = Puy = 270.8Kip = 1205KN
P0 = Pu = 515.8Kip = 2295.5KN
Pn = 803.7KN > 500.31KN
Use 816

O.K .

Ast=1600 mm^2

Ties: -16*bar=256 mm
-48*tie=480 mm
-least column dimension=400 mm

Use 10@25 cm C/C

34

(C`4): P=1566.24 KN (Axial condition)

Pn = 0.8[0.85f c( Ag Ast ) + Ast f y ]

Use min.=0.01

Ast=0.0016m^2=1600 mm^2

Pn=2309.8 KN> 1566.24

O.K.

Use 816 mm with ties of 10@25 cm C/C

(C2): P=861.72 KN

ex=0.1237 m (Uniaxial condition)

e/h=0.31
Pu=193.64 kip

Pu
193.64
=
= 0 .3

f cAg 0.65 * 4 * 248

.min. Controls

*:-In all columns of Roof and Floors min. Controls

Use 816 mm and Ties of 10 mm@25cm C/C

35

References
-Arthur H.Nilson,David Darwin,Charls W.Dolan,
(Design of concrete structures,13th eddition)
-Jack C.Mc Cormac,James K.Nelson
(Design of reinforced concrete,6th eddition)
-Building Code requirements for structural concrete and
commentry(ACI 318M-05)
-Arthur H.Nilson,George Winter
(Design of concrete structures,10th eddition)
-Lectures of Reinforced Concrete Design by Dr.Omer Qarani

THE END.
36