Vapour Power Cycles

Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

5.7 Open Feed Water Heater:

5
BOILER

1 kg
TURBINE

6 4
HEATER

(1-m1) kg 7
CONDENSER

m1 kg

3 2
PUMP PUMP

(1-m1) kg 1

(a)

1 kg

5 6 7

T 2

4 3

m1 kg (1-m1) kg

s
(b)
Fig.5.7. Open feed water heater cycle

Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Vapour Power Cycles

Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

A regenerative cycle having a single stage of feed water heating is shown above. Steam enters the turbine at state 5. After expansion to state 6, part of this steam is extracted and supplied to the feed water heater while the remainder continues to expand to state 7. Other processes are as shown above. The above T-s diagram is not the exact one, (because the mass flow rate is changing at all the state points) but, it simply shows various states of the working fluid.

Let m1 = mass of steam extracted at state 6 then, heat balance for heater gives,

m1h 6 + (1 - m1 ) h 2 = h 3 m1h 6 + h 2 - m1h 2 = h 3 m1 (h 6 - h 2 ) = (h 3 - h 2 )

m1 = (h 3 - h 2 ) (h 6 - h 2 )

if, h 2 h1
m1 = (h 3 - h1 ) (h 6 - h1 )

The amount is so adjusted that the liquid leaving the feed water heater at state 3 is saturated.

Thermal Efficiency:
Turbine work = (h 5 - h 6 ) + (1 - m1 )(h 6 - h 7 ) Heat supplied = (h 5 - h 4 ) (h 5 - h 3 )
Therefore, th = = (h 5 - h 6 ) + (1 - m1 )(h 6 - h 7 ) (h 5 - h 3 )

(h 5 - h 7 ) - m1 (h 6 - h 7 ) (h 5 - h 3 )

Indian Institute of Technology Madras