Huong Dan Su Dung SWMM - Tong Dinh Quyet - Tainguyennuoc - VN

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Hng dn s dng SWMM Thit k h thng thot nc
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TRNG I HC THY LI CS2

B MN CP THOT NC Bin son:sv. Tng nh Quyt
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HNG DN S DNG PHN MM
SWMM
THIT K H THNG THOT NC
Tp Ho Ch Minh. Thng 5 nm 2008 M c l

Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
LI GII THIU
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PHN III :
GII THIU PHN MM
I . Gii thiu phn mm SWMM :

M hnh ton SWMM (Storm Water Management Model ) l m hnh ng lc hc m phng ma dng chy cho cc khu vc th c v cht v lng, v tnh ton qu trnh chy trn t mi lu vc b phn n ca nhn nc ca n. M hnh va c th m phng cho tng s kin ( tng trn ma n l ), va c th m phng lin tc. M hnh ny do Metcalf v Eddy xy dng nm 1971, l sn phm ca 1 hp ng kinh t gia trng H Florida v t chc bo v mi trng Hoa k EPA (The U.S.Environment Protection Agency ). Khi mi ra i m hnh chy trn mi trng DOS. M hnh lin tc c cp nhp v phin bn mi nht l SWMM 5.0 chy trn mi trng WINDOW. Phin bn mi ny c vit li bi mt b phn trong phng th nghim nghin cu Qun l ri ro Quc gia ca EPA. Cc phin bn qua ca SWMM : 1969 1971 : Version 1 1975 1981 1988 2004 : Version 2 : Version 3 : Version 4 : Version 5
Phn mm ny c cung cp min ph c th Download ti : http://www.epa.gov/ednnrmrl/swmm/
II . Kh nng ca phn mm SWMM :

M hnh SWMM l mt m hnh ton hc ton din, dng m phng khi lng v tnh cht dng chy th do ma v h thng cng thot nc thi chung. Mi vn v thu vn th v chu k cht lng u c m phng, bao gm dng chy mt v dng chy ngm, vn chuyn qua mng li h thng tiu thot nc, h cha v khu x l. M hnh SWMM m phng cc dng ma thc t trn c s lng ma (biu qu trnh ma hng nm) v cc s liu kh tng u vo khc cng vi h thng Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
3 m t (lu vc, vn chuyn, h cha / x l) d on cc tr s cht lng v khi lng dng chy. Dong chay (Khoi Runoff)
Truyen tai chay mat (Khoi transport)
Chay trong he thong (Khoi Extran)
Tr / X ly (Khoi torage/Treatment)
Nhan nc (KhoiReceiving)
Hnh 1: Cc khi x l chnh trong m hnh SWMM Trong s trn bao gm cc khi sau: Khi dng chy (Runoff block) tnh ton dng chy mt v ngm da trn biu qu trnh ma (v/hoc tuyt tan) hng nm, iu kin ban u v s dng t v a hnh. Khi truyn ti (Transport block) tnh ton truyn ti vt cht trong h thng nc thi. Khi chy trong h thng (Extran block) din ton thy lc dng chy phc tp trong cng, knh Khi Tr/x l (Strorage/Treatment block) biu th cc cng trnh tch nc nh ao hv cc cng trnh x l nc thi, ng thi m t nh hng ca Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
4 cc thit b iu khin da trn lu lng v cht lng - cc c ton chi ph c bn cng c thc hin. Khi nhn nc (Receiving block) Mi trng tip nhn.
Mc ch ng dng m hnh ton SWMM cho h thng thot nc c trin khai nhm : o Xc nh cc khu vc cn xy mi hoc m rng cng thot nc gim tnh trng ngp lt ng ph hoc cung cp dch v thot nc thi cho nhng khu vc mi pht trin. o c tnh lu lng nc l trong knh v cc chi lu xc nh v tr ca knh cn ci thin nhm gim thiu tnh trng trn b. o Cung cp cng c quy hoch nh gi vic thc hin cc cng chn dng dc knh. * Nhng ng dng in hnh ca SWMM : o Quy hoch h thng thot nc ma. o Quy hoch ngn trn cng chung. o Quy hoch h thng thot nc l knh h. o Quy hoch cng ngn l. o Quy hoch h cha phng l. SWMM xem xt mi qu trnh thy vn to dng chy trn lu vc th nh : o Qu trnh ma. o Bc hi b mt nc. o Tuyt tan. o Tn tht tch t trn tn l cy v tn tht in trng. o Tn tht thm. o Thm thu ca nc vo cc tng nc ngm. o Dng chy st mt. o Dng chy trn trn b mt. S bin i v mt khng gian trong mi qu trnh c khc phc bi vic chia nh khu vc nghin cu thnh nhiu lu vc con ng nht. SWMM cng c tt c nhng tnh nng mn do ca mt m hnh thy lc dng din ton dng chy, nhp lu trong cng, knh, h, trm x l nc, cc cng trnh phn nc ca h thng tiu thot nc nh : Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
o Tnh ton c cc h thng ln phc tp. o S dng nhiu loi cng c hnh dng v kch thc khc nhau v cc knh h. o M hnh ha c cc b phn phc tp trong h thng nh: h cha, cc trm x l nc, trm bm tiu o C th xt n nhp lu hay dng chy t bn ngoi vo cng nh dng chy mt, st mt, ngm, nc thi sinh hot v nhiu dng khc ca dng chy. o C th s dng phng php din ton dng chy sng ng hc hay sng ng lc hc. o M phng c nhiu loi ch dng chy nh nc vt, chy ngc, nc nhy do cng ng m t ngt SWMM cng c th c tnh cht nhim lin quan n dng chy trn lu vc th : o Cht nhim t nc thi sinh hot, t cc khu vc khc nhau. o nhim do dng chy cun i khi ma. o Ngun nhim khc chy t bn ngoi vo h thng tiu thot nc. o Din ton cht lng nc trong h thng knh. 5
o c tnh s gim cht nhim t cc b lng ng hoc trm x l

nc.
III . Cc thut ton trong SWMM :

C s ton hc ca SWMM : Phn mn SWMM ny gm 2 modun chnh l : Modun Runoff trong SWMM l modun tnh dng chy t ma, cc cht nhim trn cc lu vc. Modun Transport trong SWMM din ton dng chy trn / trong h thng cc ng ng, knh dn, cc h iu ha, trm bm, trm x l ca h thng tiu thot nc th . SWMM cho php tnh ton dng chy c v cht v lng trong tng lu vc con, tc chy, chiu su chy, cht lng nc trong tng on ng cng, knh dn trong qu trnh m phng bao gm nhiu bc thi gian. Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
1.Tnh ton lng ma hiu qu. Vic tnh ton lng ma hiu qu c thc hin bng phng php khu tr tn tht do thm, in trng, bc hi t b mt t, in trng, v do thm. PEF (t) = N (t) VP (t) F (t) W (t) Trong : PEF N P F t : Lng ma hiu qu (mm). : Lng ma (mm). : Lng bc hi b mt (mm). : Lng thm vo trong t (mm). : Thi gian. (2.2) 6
W(t) : Lng tr b mt tn tht in trng (mm). Lng ma : c a vo m hnh bng gi tr lng ma hoc cng ma theo thi on. Lng bc hi b mt : lng bc hi b mt c ngi s dng nhp vo m hnh, c th c tnh theo phng php sau: - Phng php cn bng nng lng:
Er = 0,0353Rn
Trong :
Er Rn
: Lng bc hi(mm/ngy). : Bc xa thc(W/m2). (2.3) ;

ea = Rh eas
- Phng php kh ng lc:

Ea = B(eas ea )
vi B =
0,102u2 z2 ln z 0
2
17,27T eas = 611exp 273,3 + T
Trong :
Ea u2 z0 Rh
: Lng bc hi (mm/ngy). : Tc gi (m/s) o ti chiu cao z2 (cm). : Chiu cao mu nhm (cm). : m tng i (%).
Lng tr b mt : l lng nc b tch t li khi dng chy di chuyn qua vng c a hnh m nh ao, h, ch trng trn mt ng Lng tr b mt rt kh xc nh do tnh phc tp ca lu vc th, do vy thnh phn ny thng c nh gi qua iu tra v sau hiu chnh qua m hnh. Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
2.Tnh ton thm, lng thm: Thm l qu trnh c tnh quyt nh vi vai tr l i lng vo cho h thng t thong kh. ngha quan trng ca qu trnh thm trong cc qu trnh ng lc ca qu trnh trao i nc trong t l phn chia lng ma thnh nc b mt v nc trong t do nh hng n qu trnh thy vn, c bit s hnh thnh dng chy trn lu vc. tnh ton dng chy t chnh xc v ph hp vi cc quy lut vt l, c nhiu m hnh thm c xy dng. Trong m hnh SWMM c 2 phng php la chn: Phng php m hnh thm HORTON (1940) : l m hnh thm 1 giai on. Horton nhn xt rng qu trnh thm bt u t mt tc thm f 0 khng i no , sau gim dn theo quan h s m cho n khi t ti mt gi tr khng i f . M hnh thm Horton c p dng cho tnh cho trn ma 1 nh v dng ng cong ma bin i khng ln.
f p = f 0 + ( f 0 f )e -kt
(2.4)
Trong :
fp (mm/s): Cng thm vo t. f (mm/s): Cng thm nh nht ti thi im bo ha. f0 (mm/s): Cng thm ln nht ti thi im ban u t=0. t (s) : k (T-1): Thi gian tnh t lc bt u trn ma ri. Hng s chit gim.
Cc thng s f, f0, k hon ton xc nh ng cong thm fp v c ngi s dng a vo tnh ton.
Phng php m hnh thm Green-Ampt (1911) : xy dng da trn phng

trnh thm Darcy. Mein - Lason (1973) ci tin phng php ny tnh ton qu trnh thm theo hai giai on: giai on bo ho v giai on sau bo ho. Trong giai on bo ha, ng cong cng thm l ng qu trnh ma thc do lng ma trong giai an ny ch tham gia vo qu trnh thm. Trong giai on sau bo ha, lp t b mt bo ha nc, ng cong thm gim theo quy lut thm trng lc. Phng trnh thm Green-Ampt c vit di dng: Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
V = K.J Trong : (2.5) 8
V: Cng thm vo t (mm/s). K: H s thm thu lc bo ho (mm/s). J: dc thy lc, J=Sf.
Khi F < Fs th f = i v F=
S .IDM vi i> Ks; v f = i i 1 Ks
Khi F Fs th f = f p v fp=Ks (1+ Trong : f: fp: i: F: F s: S:
S .IDM ) F
Cng thm vo t (mm/s). Cng thm tim nng (mm/s). Cng ma (mm/s). Lng thm tch lu (mm). Cng thm tch lu n trng thi bo ho (mm). Sc ht mao dn trung bnh (mm).
IDM: thiu ht m ban u. Ks: H s thm thu lc bo ho (mm/s).
Theo EULER (1989) lng bc hi ngy c tnh theo cng thc VP(mm)=1,58 +(0,96+0,0033i)sin{2 /365(i-148)] Trong i: Ngy tnh theo nmthy vn. i=1 Ngy 1 thng 1. i=365 Ngy 31 thng 10 nm sau. VP : Lng bc hi ngy th i Lng tr b mt rt kh xc nh do tnh phc tp ca lu vc th, do vy thnh phn ny thng c nh gi qua iu tra v sau hiu chnh qua m hnh. (2.6)
3.Tnh ton dng chy mt Phng trnh m phng dng chy trn trn mt bao gm phng trnh lin tc v phng trnh ng lng. - Phng trnh lin tc
dV dd =A = A.i * Q dt dt
(2.7)
Trong :
V : Th tch nc trn b mt lu vc. d : Chiu su lp dng chy mt. t : Thi gian. A : Din tch lu vc b phn. i* : Cng ma hiu qu= cng ma ri tr i tn tht v
bc hi b mt. Q : Lu lng dng chy ra khi lu vc ang xt. - Phng trnh ng lc:
Q =W
Phng trnh Manning : (2.8)
1 (d dp)5 / 3 S 1 / 2 n
Trong :
W : Chiu rng trung bnh lu vc (m). n: H s nhm Manning.
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IV. Cu to mng li thot nc trong SWMM

SWMM dng tp hp cc nt ( node ), cc on ng ni vi cc nt, h iu ha, ca x, bm. m t h thng mng li thot nc. Cu to mng li h thng thot nc bao gm cc thnh phn : Subcatchment( lu vc), Raingage(trm ma), Junction(nt),Storage Units( h iu ha),Conduits(ng ng), Pumps(bm), Regulatiors(van iu khin hay van mt chiu ), Outfalls(ca x), mi lin h ca tng b phn c th hin trong s sau y
Hnh 2: S m phng mng li thot nc trong SWMM
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V. Giao din lm vic ca m hnh SWMM
Hnh 3: S m phng mng li chy vi SWMM
2. Cc bc thc hin m phng mt Project : Bc 1: Khai bo cc thng s mc nh v cc ty chn. Bc 2: V s lu lng v mng li cng trnh thot nc. Bc 3: Khai bo cc thng s ca h thng. Bc 4: Chy m phng. Bc 5: Xem xt kt qu. Bc 6: Hiu chnh thng s u vo v m phng li (nu cn). a) Bc 1: Khai bo cc thng s mc nh v cc ty chn (Project/Defaults): o Khai bo cc k hiu cho tng i tng 12
Tram o ma Tieu lu vc Nut Ca xa Ca chia nc Vung tr tam nc Ong dan ( kenh, ong, song ) Bm
Tuy chon e gi nguyen cac ky hieu dung cho cac project khac
Hnh 5: Khai bo cc k hiu cho tng i tng
o Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho tiu lu vc 13
Dien tch lu vc ( ha) Be rong lu vc ( m) o doc trung bnh % ty le dien tch khong tham He so nham Maning cua phan khong
tham Lng nc tr lai tren vung tham Phan hoan toan khong tham
Lng nc tr lai tren vung khong
tham & vung tham
Hnh 6: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho tiu lu vc
o Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho nt, ng dn.
cho dong chay khong on nh
Gia tr cho nut Chieu sau max cua nut Chieu dai conduit (m) Loai Conduit He so nham cua Conduit n v tnh ( CMS m3/s ) Phng phap tnh : Dynamic Wave
Hnh 7: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho nt, ng dn.
14 o Khai bo Map Option ( View / Map Options ) hoc kch chut phi ti hp thoi Study Area Map Options.
Khai bao ky hieu tieu lu vc Khai bao bieu tng nut Ky hieu bieu tng ng ong Ky hieu nhan The hien cac gia tr tren man hnh The hien ky hieu ong Loai mui ten Mau nen
Hnh 8: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho Map Option b) Bc 2: V s lu vc v mng li cng trnh thot nc
View Back drop Load File mt bng th cn ok li th theo mt bng trn.
Hnh 9: Trnh t v s lc vc Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
15 C th nhp 1 s dng File hay to s biu din ( trong ti ny l to s biu din hon ton mi ). xa File mt bng th va dn ta vo View Back drop Unload. Dng cc biu tng ca lu vc, cng, nt. M phng mt bng khu vc. Do c im khu vc pha bc c 1 con knh dng dn nc thi nn da vo c im ny ta vch hai tuyn thot nc chnh thu ton b nc thi v nc ma ca lu vc sau thi ra knh, nhm tn dng kh nng t lm sch ca h v iu tit lu lng nc thi trong khu vc trc khi thi ra knh th nc thi s dc dn vo h iu tit.
Hnh 10: S m phng mng li thot nc trong m hnh SWMM
c) Bc 3: Khai bo cc thng s ca h thng c.1. Khai bo i tng tiu lu vc Subcatchments

Lu vc con l mt khu vc hng nc nh trong lu vc th, trong dng chy hnh thnh trong khu vc ny u chy ra 1 im no gi l ca ra ca lu vc. Ngi s dng phi chia khu vc nghin cu thnh cc khu vc con, nh cho ph hp v xc nh ca ra ca tng lu vc. Lu vc con c th bao gm cc khu vc thm nc hoc khng thm nc.
16 Qu trnh thm trong lu vc con xung tng cha bo ha c m phng bng 1 trong 3 m hnh thm khc nhau :Horton infiltration, GreenAmpt infiltration, SCS Curve number infiltration (trong ti ny chn m hnh thn Horton). Bng thng k din tch lu vc (ha) Lu vc 1 Lu vc 2 Lu vc 3 Lu vc 4 Lu vc 5 Lu vc 6 Lu vc 7 Lu vc 8 Lu vc 9 1.60 1.27 0.83 1.10 1.02 1.55 1.89 1.37 0.88 Lu vc 10 Lu vc 11 Lu vc 12 Lu vc 13 Lu vc 14 Lu vc 15 Lu vc 16 Lu vc 17 1.61 1.36 0.75 0.71 1.08 1.19 0.82 0.77
Bng 2 : Din tch cc lc vc V y l khu th mi c tri nha tt c cc con ng nn din tch vng thm gn nh ch yu trong cc nh dn do ta chn din tch ny bng 25% din tch ton b lu vc, vic phn chia lu vc da vo mt bng v cao trnh mt t.
Tram ma phu trach Nut nhan nuc Dien tch lu vc ( ha) Chieu rong chay tran (m) o doc mat at ( %) Ty le dien tch khong tham He so nham Maning cua vung khong Lp nc tr tren vung khong tham
tham & vung tham & vung tham ( mm) Ty le dien tch hoan toan khong tr (%) Kieu tran Ty le tham gia tran Phng trnh tham ( Horton , Grenn-Apt)
Hnh 11:Giao din nhp s liu cho lu vc Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
c.2. Khai bo thng s o ma - Rain Gages i vi nhng lu vc rng ln th s dng nhiu cn ma khc nhau, y khu vc tnh ton trong ti l khu vc nh ( 31 ha ) nn ch cn ly mt cn ma cho ton lu vc. S liu ca ma thit k c ly t trm o Tn Sn Nht l trm o ma tng i nm gn qun Bnh Chnh. SWMM cho php vo s liu ma cho mt hoc nhiu lu vc con trong khu vc nghin cu. S liu ma c a vo di dng chui s hoc c th di dng File. 17
Hnh 12: Giao din khai bo thng s o ma Cc thng s chnh ca d liu ma : o Tn trn ma (Name) o Kiu ma (Rain Format): bao gm ma thi on, ma th tch, ma tch ly. Trong ti s dng s liu ma theo gi ( Intensity mm/h). o Khong thi gian ma (Rain Interval): l on thi gian gia cc ln ghi gi tr o ma. o S liu ca trn ma (Data sourse Timeseries) Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
o n v tnh ( mm, inch ) o Nhp gi tr trn ma thit k : curves Time Series 18
Hnh 13: Chui thi gian ma
Hnh 14: ng c tnh ca trn ma c.3. Khai bo i tng Nt Junction ( nt thu nc ) L im kt ni gia cc knh h, cc h ga chnh trong h thng cng, hoc l im ni gia cc ng ng cng, dng chy bn ngoi c th vo cc Junctions ny. Nt thu nc l ni thu nhn ton b lng nc trn tiu lu vc (bao gm nc ma chy trn trn lu vc, nc thi). su chn cng c nhp Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
19 thng qua su ban u ca nt, thng thng cng thot nc phi t su l m bo cho n khng b ph hoi do tc ng c hc gy nn ng thi cng nhm m bo 1 dc cn thit, s b c th ly bng 1,5 m.
Surcharge depth Z mat at Max depth Initial depth Invert Elev
Hnh 15 : S chn cng
Lu lng nhap them vao nut Tram x l Cao o ay ho ga (m) Chieu sau max cua ho ga = Zgr Z inv Chieu sau nc ban au cua ho ga Chieu sau lp nc ngap khi tran ra ngoai Dien tch b ngap khi H > Hmax + H surcharge
Hnh 16: Giao din nhp d liu cho nt thu nc
20 o Khai bo thng s Inflow ca Junction ( lu lng nhp thm vo nt )
- Q chay vao he thong en t ni khac - Khai bao bang chuoi thi gian
Nc thai sinh hoat Khai bao bang gia tr trung bnh Khai bao bang Time Pattern
Dong chay phat sinh t lu vc khac, co nguon goc t ma, c khai bao bang Thuy o n v (Unit Hydrograph) va dien tch lu vc.
Hinh17: Giao din nhp gi tr lu lng cho nt
c.4. Khai bo i tng tuyn thot nc Conduit L cc ng ng cng, cc knh c kh nng vn chuyn nc t nt ny n nt khc trong h thng tiu thot nc. Hnh dng mt ct ngang ca ng ng cng v knh c rt nhiu hnh dng: tam gic, trn, hnh thang, hnh vung, ch nht cc tham s u vo ca cc ng ng v knh bao gm: 21
Nut vao Nut ra
Hnh dang Chieu sau max (m) Chieu dai (m) He so nham Maning Chieu cao bac chay vao (m) Chieu cao bac chay ra (m) Lu lng ban au ( m3/s) He so ton that cuc bo au vao (0,5) He so ton that cuc bo au ra (1) He so ton that cuc bo khac tren oan cong Van ngan mot chieu ( yes = chay ra )
Hnh 18: Giao din nhp d liu cho cng tit kim din tch, tn dng ti a kh nng dn nc, trong ti ny s dng cng trn c ng knh t 800mm n 1200mm.
c.5. Khai bo i tng h iu ha - Storage Unit Tn dng iu kin t nhin c sn nhm lm gim chi ph xy dng trm x l cng nh gp phn iu ha lu lng dng chy trong h thng trc khi nc thi c x ra knh s c dn vo h, sau t h nc s theo cng dn v x ra ngoi ca x. Trong SWMM - EXTRAN s dng chng trnh Storage din ton h cha. Qu trhnh din ton sng - h theo s tng qut nh sau: 22
I (Input)
O (Output)
Hnh 19: S tng qut din ton dng chy qua h cha.
Phng trnh m phng h cha l phng trnh cn bng th tch theo mi quan h trn trong bc thi gian t :
V = I O t
( 2.9)
Trong :
I O L lng dng chy vo v ra h cha trong thi on t (m /s)
3
V L lng nc trong h cha (m3).
Hnh 20: Mi quan h gia chiu su v din tch ca h-ng c tnh ca h
23
Dong chay vao Tram x ly Cao o ay (m) Chieu sau toi a (m) Chieu sau nc ban au (m) Dien tch khu tr (m2 ) He so xet en boc hi ( 0 -1) ng cong hnh dang ho
- Ten ng cong dung tch Storage Curve
Hnh 21: Giao din nhp d liu cho h
c.6. Khai bo i tng ca x Outfall
L cc nt ca h thng tiu thot nc dng xc nh cc bin cui cng ca h thng ch chy sng ng lc hc. Cc iu kin bin ti outfall c th c m t bng 1 trong cc trng thi quan h sau: su dng chy thng thng hay critical, cao nhiu mc khc nhau, b nh hng ca triu, hoc theo chui thi gian. Ca x l ni tip nhn nc t h cha v a ra ngoi knh. Trong trng hp ny ta xem xt ca x khng chu nh hng ca triu v trng thi chy l chy t do. Do cao trnh y ca h iu ha -2m nc c th t chy v ngn khng cho bn ct chy theo ta chn cao trnh y ca x l -1,5m.
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- Lu lng nhap them - Cao o ay (m) - Co / khong co van ngan trieu - Trang thai
Fr ee : chay t do ( khon g ngap ) Nor mal : mc nc tai ca xa la don g eu Fixed : mc nc tai ca xa co nh Tidal : mc nc dao on g theo tr ieu tn g gi tr ong ngay Time Ser ies : mc nc dao on g theo thi gian
Hinh 22: Giao din nhp d liu ca ca x
III. Cc phng n tnh ton

Trong ti ny tnh cho hai trng hp Trng hp 1 : Nhm kim tra kh nng chuyn ti nc thi trong cng v kh nng iu tit ca h cha nn trng hp ny ca ch xt mt nh hng nh ca nc triu n h thng thot nc. Trng hp 2 : ti ph hp vi thc t v tn dng ht kh nng m phng ca phn mm th trong trng ny ta xt ti nh hng ca mc nc triu ln h thng. Trng hp bt li nht l khi ma trong ngy ln nht ng vi mc nc triu ngoi knh l ln nht. Trong c hai trng hp ny u tnh tiu thot nc cho trn ma ko di trong vng 3 gi v h thng thot nc phi tiu trong vng 30 pht m bo cho h thng khng b ngp v ph hp vi thc t.
25
IV. Ni dung tnh ton

9 Vi trng hp 1 : T cc thit lp trn ta tin hnh m phng h thng thot nc Vo General chn: o la n v lu lng: CMS (m 3 /s) o m hnh thm: Horton o phng php l trnh sng: sng ng hc Dynamic Wave o v n nh vic khng cho ngp: Allow Ponding
Dong on nh ong hoc Song ong hoc
Hnh 23: Giao din m phng h thng thot nc Chn thi im bt u qu trnh m phng, kt thc m phng ( do lng ma gi ln nht l lc 16 17 - 18 gi ngy 25/9/1997 nn chn thi im m t t 15h30 v kt thc lc 20h.
26
Thi gian bat au phan tch Thi gian bat au bao cao Thi gian ket thuc phan tch
Hnh 24: Giao din chn thi gian m phng Chn thi gian theo di din bin chuyn ng ca nc thi cng nh kh nng iu tit ca h ( khong thi gian c chn l 30 pht ).
Hnh 25: Giao din chn thi gian theo di m phng
Hng dn s dng SWMM Thit k h thng thot nc Chy m phng: Run
27
Hnh 26: Giao din chy m phng V. Khai thc kt qu :
Xem din bin dng chy ca mt tuyn no ta vo: Report/Graph/Profile
Hnh 27: Giao din xem din bin dng chy ca 1 tuyn
28
Hnh 28 a. M phng din bin ca dng chy trn tuyn t nt 1 ca x ti thi im u trn ma.
Hnh 28 b. M phng din bin ca dng chy trn tuyn t nt 1 ca x ti thi im kt thc trn ma. Ta thy ti thi im u trn ma h thng lun m bo kh nng chuyn ti nc thi khng xy ra tnh trng ngp, nhng khi trn ma kt thc do c s xm nhp ca nc ma cng vi nc thi sn c lm h thng( tuyn 1 ca x) b ngp hai nt, nt 1 v nt 2 do lu lng trong ng ng qu ln so vi ng knh ng ca n. khc phc tnh trng ngp ca h thng th ta tin hnh khai bo li cc thng s u vo ca h thng ( ng knh ng). thay i thng s ca i tng no th trn h thng ta ch cn nhp p chut vo i tng ri nhp gi tr mi cho n.
29 Sau khi khai bo li thng s u vo ca h thng ( ng knh ng) ta c din bin trng thi dng chy trong h thng ( tuyn 1 ca x ) nh sau:
Hnh 29a: M phng din bin ca dng chy trn tuyn t nt 1 ca x ti thi im u trn ma
Hnh 29.b: M phng din bin ca dng chy trn tuyn t nt 1 ca x ti thi im kt thc trn ma. Ta thy ti thi im u trn ma v ti thi im kt thc trn ma h thng lun m bo kh nng chuyn ti khng xy ra tnh trng ngp. iu c ngha l vic chn cc thng s u vo ca h thng (ng knh ng) l hp l. Tin hnh cc bc tng t nh trn cho tuyn cn li ta cng chn c h thng hp l.
30
Hnh 30: M phng din bin ca dng chy trn tuyn t nt 1 nt 13 ti thi im kt thc trn ma. Xem xt kh nng iu tit ca h cha : Table/by object/nodes
Bng 3: Bng kt qu tnh ton i vi h cha T qu trnh din bin ca dng chy trong cng v bng kt qu ca h ta thy ti bt k thi im no ca trn ma th h lun m bo kh nng t iu tit, khng b ngp ( Flooding = 0). Cng t kt qu trn ta thy c mc nc trong h cao nht l 1m iu ny gip ta thit k h vi dung tch hp l nht, va m bo kh nng iu tit ca h va m bo yu cu kinh t.
31 Xem xt lu lng nc thi tng on ng, y, vn tc dng chy Table/by object/link
Bng 4: Bng kt qu ti cng s 5 Ta thy vn tc nc thi trong ng ng dao ng trong khong t 0,76 m/s n 1,63 m/s. Vn tc min l 0,76 m/s lun ln hn vn tc V min = 0,7 m/s (TCVN)( i vi ng trn) . Do vic chn ng knh ng v chiu su chn cng cng nh dc cng l hp l.
Bng 5: Bng kt qu ti cng s 14
32
Xem lu lng ng vi tng su ti nt: Table/by object/nodes
Bng 6: Bng kt qu ti ca x Ti bng kt qu ca ca x th su mc nc ti a l 0,25 m. Khi tnh ton cho trng hp ca x chu nh hng ca triu ta s dng kt qu ny xc nh thi im ca van s ng, cng nh chiu cao ca ca van 1 chiu. Xem biu quan h gia cc i lng ta vo : Report/ Graph/ Scatter
Hnh 31: Biu quan h gia su mc nc v lu lng ti ca x Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
33 9 Trng hp 2 : Nhm nng cao tnh thit thc ca ti trng hp ny xem xt nh hng ca triu ti s chuyn ng ca nc thi trong h thng. Khi dng chy trong cng l dng chy khng p. o Khai bo mc nc triu : Curves/tidal Curves
Hnh 32: Biu dao ng mc nc triu v ng cong c tnh Gi nguyn cc thng s khai bo trn v chy trong trng hp nh hng ca triu.
Hnh 33 a: Mc nc thi trong cng khi c triu ( tuyn nt 1 ca x )
34
Hnh 33 b: Mc nc thi trong cng khi c triu ( tuyn nt 8 nt 13 ) Ta thy trn h thng xy ra tnh trng ngp, do mc nc triu qu cao, lu lng chy t ngoi knh vo h thng ln nn trong trng hp ny h khng cn kh nng iu tit lu lng trong h thng. Gii php : c th khc phc c tnh trng ngp trong h thng ta lp t thm ca van mt chiu iu tit t ng theo triu ti ca x, ng vi mc nc triu ln ng thi trong khu vc xy ra ma th sau dng bm bm nc t h ra ngoi knh. c th m t c van iu tit v bm trong h thng ta gn thm nt s 14, nt s 14 ny ng vai tr nh 1 tng chn c cao trnh cao hn mc nc triu, khi mc nc triu ln th ca van mt triu s ng li khi bm s bm nc t h ra nt s 14.
35
Hnh 34: S h thng b tr van iu tit v bm khi c triu Trong trng hp 1 tnh vi trng hp mc nc triu thp hn ca x ta xc nh c mc nc max trong ca x l 0.25m ta s dng mc nc ny lm gc xc nh thi im ng ca van iu tit. Khi triu ln s xy ra hin tng nc chy ngc t ngoi vo lm mc nc trong ca x cao hn mc nc ny khi ca van mt triu s phi ng li. Cao trnh y cng l -1,5m mc nc triu cao nht l 1,47 m an ton ta chn chiu cao ca ca van l 3,5 m.
o Khai bo i tng ca van Outlet : Curves/Rating Curves 36
Nt vo Nt ra
Chiu cao so vi y cng (m) Van mt chiu ng cong c tnh Q = AHb H s A ca phng trnh ng cong c tnh S m b ca phng trnh ng cong c tnh
Hnh 35: Giao din nhp thng s cho ca van
Hnh 36: Khai bo thng s ca ca van v ng c tnh
o Khai bo i tng bm Pump 37
Nt vo Nt ra Tn ng cong c tnh Pump Curve Tnh trng ban u ( on/off )
Hnh 37: Cc thng s khai bo cho bm Trong SWMM ta php ta chn bm ty , sau chy m hnh ri kim nghim li kt qu. Vic th nghim s dng li khi my bm ta chn phi c kh nng iu tit lu lng trong h thng, khng cn tnh trng ngp trong h thng.
Hnh 38: Khai bo thng s bm v ng c tnh bm
38 Bm c coi l cc im ni, c s dng to u nc. ng cong bm m t mi quan h gia tc bm v iu kin ca cc nt u ra v u vo. Ti thi im xt nc ngp nn trng thi ban u ca bm l ang chy. Gi nguyn cc thng s sau khi khai bo trn ta bt u qu trnh m phng trong trng hp c triu. Vo General chn la n v lu lng, m hnh thm, phng php l trnh sng v n nh ch chy khng p.
Hnh 39: Cc ch la chn cho qu trnh m phng o Chn Run bt u qu trnh m phng
Hnh 40: Chy m phng Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
39
Hnh 41: Din bin ca dng chy trong cng khi c bm (tuyn 1 nt 14)
Hnh 42: Din bin ca dng chy trong cng khi c bm(tuyn nt 8 nt 13)
Xem
kt
qu
theo
tng
tng
(Subcatchment( lu vc),
Junction(nt),Storage Units( h iu ha),Conduits(ng ng)) ta vo
Report status v nhn c kt qu nh sau:
Hng dn s dng SWMM Thit k h thng thot nc Bng 7: Bng kt qu theo tng i tng
40
41
Nhn xt :
T din bin dng chy v kt qu cho ti bng 7 ta thy ti thi im u trn ma v ti thi im kt thc trn ma h thng lun m bo kh nng chuyn ti khng xy ra tnh trng ngp. iu c ngha l vic chn cc thng s u vo ca h thng (ng knh ng, su chn cng, dc ) l hp l. Cng t din bin ca dng chy trong cng trn tuyn t nt 1 n nt 14 ta thy lu lng trong cng sau khi bm t khng m bo c y trong cng. Tuy nhin y ch l tnh trng tm thi trong ng ng khi mc nc Designer by : Tng nh Quyt S7_46H - i Hc Thy Li Cs2 Email : tongquyetdhtl@yahoo.com Tel : 0977.78.43.79
42 thy triu ln mt cch t ngt, do vic chn bm c cao trnh bm, lu lng bm nh vy l hp l.
Vi kt qu nh trn ta c th thit k h thng thot nc chnh cho vng d n ang nghin cu nh sau: Bng 8: Thng s thit k h thng ng ng thot nc chnh
Hnh dng cng Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular Cng trn Circular ng knh cng d m Chiu di m H s nhm Maning 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Cng
Loi cng B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp B tng ct thp
on 1-2 on 2-3 on 3-4 on 4-5 on 5-6 on 6-7 on 8-9 on 9-10 on 10-11 on 11-12 on 12-13 on 7-13
0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0
1.0 1.2
134.8 183.5 134.6 92 122.7 154.3 126.2 122.5 202.6 125.4 145.5
109 146.4
on 13-H H B tng ct thp

Huong Dan Su Dung SWMM - Tong Dinh Quyet - Tainguyennuoc - VN

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Huong Dan Su Dung SWMM - Tong Dinh Quyet - Tainguyennuoc - VN

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TRNG I HC THY LI CS2

HNG DN S DNG PHN MM

Tp Ho Ch Minh. Thng 5 nm 2008 M c l

GII THIU PHN MM

I . Gii thiu phn mm SWMM :

Phn mm ny c cung cp min ph c th Download ti : http://www.epa.gov/ednnrmrl/swmm/

II . Kh nng ca phn mm SWMM :

Truyen tai chay mat (Khoi transport)

Chay trong he thong (Khoi Extran)

o c tnh s gim cht nhim t cc b lng ng hoc trm x l

III . Cc thut ton trong SWMM :

: Lng bc hi(mm/ngy). : Bc xa thc(W/m2). (2.3) ;

- Phng php kh ng lc:

17,27T eas = 611exp 273,3 + T

Phng php m hnh thm Green-Ampt (1911) : xy dng da trn phng

V: Cng thm vo t (mm/s). K: H s thm thu lc bo ho (mm/s). J: dc thy lc, J=Sf.

S .IDM vi i> Ks; v f = i i 1 Ks

Khi F Fs th f = f p v fp=Ks (1+ Trong : f: fp: i: F: F s: S:

IDM: thiu ht m ban u. Ks: H s thm thu lc bo ho (mm/s).

Phng trnh Manning : (2.8)

W : Chiu rng trung bnh lu vc (m). n: H s nhm Manning.

IV. Cu to mng li thot nc trong SWMM

Hnh 2: S m phng mng li thot nc trong SWMM

V. Giao din lm vic ca m hnh SWMM

Hnh 3: S m phng mng li chy vi SWMM

Hnh 5: Khai bo cc k hiu cho tng i tng

Lng nc tr lai tren vung khong

tham & vung tham

Hnh 6: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho tiu lu vc

o Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho nt, ng dn.

cho dong chay khong on nh

Hnh 7: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho nt, ng dn.

Hnh 8: Khai bo cc gi tr mc nh cho Map Option b) Bc 2: V s lu vc v mng li cng trnh thot nc

View Back drop Load File mt bng th cn ok li th theo mt bng trn.

Hnh 10: S m phng mng li thot nc trong m hnh SWMM

c) Bc 3: Khai bo cc thng s ca h thng c.1. Khai bo i tng tiu lu vc Subcatchments

Hnh 13: Chui thi gian ma

Surcharge depth Z mat at Max depth Initial depth Invert Elev

Hnh 15 : S chn cng

Hnh 16: Giao din nhp d liu cho nt thu nc

Hinh17: Giao din nhp gi tr lu lng cho nt

Nut vao Nut ra

V L lng nc trong h cha (m3).

Hnh 20: Mi quan h gia chiu su v din tch ca h-ng c tnh ca h

- Ten ng cong dung tch Storage Curve

Hnh 21: Giao din nhp d liu cho h

c.6. Khai bo i tng ca x Outfall

Hinh 22: Giao din nhp d liu ca ca x

III. Cc phng n tnh ton

IV. Ni dung tnh ton

Dong on nh ong hoc Song ong hoc

Hnh 25: Giao din chn thi gian theo di m phng

Hnh 26: Giao din chy m phng V. Khai thc kt qu :

Xem din bin dng chy ca mt tuyn no ta vo: Report/Graph/Profile

Bng 5: Bng kt qu ti cng s 14

Xem lu lng ng vi tng su ti nt: Table/by object/nodes

Hnh 33 a: Mc nc thi trong cng khi c triu ( tuyn nt 1 ca x )

Hnh 35: Giao din nhp thng s cho ca van

Hnh 36: Khai bo thng s ca ca van v ng c tnh

Nt vo Nt ra Tn ng cong c tnh Pump Curve Tnh trng ban u ( on/off )

Hnh 38: Khai bo thng s bm v ng c tnh bm

Junction(nt),Storage Units( h iu ha),Conduits(ng ng)) ta vo