Engleski jezik TEST i ( razne vjebe sa rjeenjima i pravilima)

Ovdje je kratk prikaz osnovnih gramatikih pojmova, sa vjebama i objanjenjima. Za uspjeno uradjen test na kraju kolske godine, u IX razredu, potrebno je dobro poznavati sve gramatike cjeline, koje su obradjivane u dosadanjem periodu. Izuzetno je vano pisati i izgovarati nepravilne glagole a znati pravila i prepoznavati pravilne glagole. Dati su okvirno gotovo svi pojmovi koji se obradjuju u nastavi engleskog jezika u osnovnim kolama, naravno, u skraenoj verziji. Zadaci , iz napravljenog testa za IX razred ( koji su postavljeni kao prioritetni za zavrni razred su napisani u postavci veim slovima i podvueni, dok su postavke za ostale zadatke i objanjenja napisani manjim slovima ali takodje podvueni. Uenicima, koji ele da naue engleski jo bolje a i da dodatno izvjebaju odreene pojmove za kraj kolske godine i odlazak u srednju kolu, ovo moe biti od pomoi. Ovdje je dvanaest stranica.... Ko eli, neka proita i naui! Gordana kiljevi, (an) English language teacher

(IX razred) Test I Make a subject and object question for each sentence: Postavi pitanje za subjekat i objekat
1.Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. Who discovered America in 1492? 1. Ko/ pitanje za subjekat What did Christopher Columbus discover? ta/pitanje za objekat 2. They were watching TV all last night. Who was watching TV all last night? 2. Ko/ pitanje za subjekat What were they watching all last night? ta / pitanje za objekat 3. You have spent all your money. Who has spent all your money? 3. Ko/ pitanje za subjekat What have you spent? ta /pitanje za objekat 4. She helps her friend in the garage. Who helps her friends in the garage? 4. Ko/pitanje za subjekat Who does she help? Kome/pitanje za objekat

II Use the correct form of the verbs: use (will, present continuous or going to): Upotrebi odgovarajui oblik za izraavanje budunosti:
1. I am going shopping.. (go shopping) with Tom on Saturday afternoon. (planirano vrijeme, zna se obino mjesto i vrijeme dogaanja ) koristi se Present Continuous Tense 2. Look at them! They are going to play basketball. . ..(play) basketball. (predvianje na osnovu situacije u datom trenutku- oblik (to be going to Future ) 3. I think I will get (get) a jacket I saw last week. (upotreba will sa (think, probably) 4. The bus is leaving .. (leave) in five minutes (za blisku buducnost, zna se vrijeme (Present Continuous

Ponoviti jo neka pravila zas izraavanje budunosti (gradivo IX razreda, detaljno razraeno)

IIII Adjectives or adverbs/ Choose the right word/Comparison of adverbs (Pridjevi ili prilozi; izaberi tanu rije) / Komparacija priloga
1. This cake tastes nice/nicely. (Iza glagola (taste) ide pridjev (nice) a ne prilog) 2. He looks sadly/sad. (Iza glagola (look) ide pridjev (sad) a ne prilog) * I iza glagola: feel, smell, seem, appear, become dolaze pridjevi a ne prilozi,.

3. She is (the) most beautifully dressed .(beautifully) dressed person at the party. (superlativ priloga) 4. The girl can swim better.(well) than her mother. ( komparativ priloga well je isti kao o pridjeva good. To je: better *PRILOZI Veina priloga se pravi od pridjeva, dodavanjem nastavka ly, na pridjev. slow- pridjev (spor)- slowly-prilog (sporo), careful-pridjev (paljiv) carefully prilog (paljivo), terrible- pridjev (straan)- terribly prilog (strano) happy-pridjev (srean) - happily prilog sreno) y prelazi u i easy pridjev (jednostavan) - easily- prilog (jednostavno, lako) ali fast fast hard- hard late- late early- early straight-straight daily/daily weekly/weekly- Ove rijei se ne mijenjaju, koriste se i kao pridjevi i kao prilozi. brz-brzo teak- teko (naporno, marljivo) kasni-kasno .

Komparacija pridjeva: Jednosloni pridjevi se porede: tall

pretty thin Viesloni pridjevi se porede: interesting more interesting

taller prettier thinner

the tallest the prettiest the thinnest

(Obratiti panju na (spelling) (komparativ i superlativ)- u gore navedenim pridjevima

the most interesting *Neki pridjevi se mogu dvojako porediti i kao jednosloni (kratki) i kao viesloni (dugi)

Nepravilna komparacija pridjeva

: good better bad worse far farther little less much/many more

the best the worst the farthest ili the least the most

further

the furthest

U komparativu se koristi rije (than) u znaenju (od) tj. nego.. Ispred superlativa se uvijek koristi THE She is shorter than her brother. Ona je nia od brata. My sister is the shortest Postoji i poreenje po jednakosti : He is AS good AS she is. On je isto tako dobar kao i ona. Ili He is not SO /As good AS she is. On nije tako dobar kao ona.

Komparacija priloga
Prilozi se porede na sledei nain; oni koji imaju nastavak na ly se porede na isti nain kao i viesloni pridjevi tj; seriously more seriously (the) most seriously. Ostali prilozi, koji imaju isti oblik kao i pridjevi (gore pomenuti) se porede kao jednosloni pridjevi: Fast faster (the) fastest Early earlier (the) earliest

Nepravilna komparacija priloga: well better (the) best

badly worse (the) worst

IV Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form: Stavi glagole u (zagradi) u odgovarajue gl. vrijeme:
1. Where does she usually study...(study)? pitanje sa does i oblik infinitiva (kao u zagradi) (Present Simple, zbog (usually), III lice jednine,

2.Has ..She ever seen.(see) her relatives ? Yes, she saw(see) them four months ago. (Prvi dioPresent Perfect Tense, zbog ever, upitna reenica/inverzija/pitanje sa HAS, za III lice jednine i glagol (III kolona). (Drugi dio je odgovor u Simple Past Tensu, zbog four months ago, II kolona glagola, nepr. glagol (see)

3. While her husband was making lunch..........(make) lunch, we were chatting....................(chat) in the garden. (Past Continuous Tense/ dvije uporedne radnje (while= dok). Koristimo pomoni glagol was ili were i infinitiv glavnog glagola, takozvani present particip (kod glagola make, gubi se slovo e u obliku prezent participa making, kao to kod glagola chat dolazi do udvostruavanja poslednjeg suglasnika u obliku prezent participa chatting jer se u rijei chat nalazi kratak samoglasnik izmeu dva suglasnika.) 4. Why did ....he ..come....................( come ) to this country last year? (Past Simple Tense, upitna reenica (zbog- last year). Pitanje se postavlja sa did za sva lica i koristi se glagol u infinitivu tj (u zagradi). Come= (come ) 5. Stop talking! I am trying to concentrate.......................(try) to concentrate. (Present Continuous Tense. Radnja se dogaa sada- (stop talking, ovog trenutka se obraamo). Koristi se present pomonog glagola (to be) i oblik infinitiv plus nastavak ing= present particip) am trying. Kod Present i Past Continuousa nema promjene slova y u i, kao to se dogaa (u III licu jednine kod Present Simple Tensa (napr) I try, he tries i Past Simple Tensa- kod svih lica (napr) I tried, he tried. U Continuousu (bilo kom) glagolski oblik present particip ostaje sa y--- trying ....

* Glagolska vremena

(osnovno)

Present SimpleTense: sadanje prosto vrijeme

to be glagol (biti/postojati) Potvrdan oblik: I am /I'm You are/you're he,she it is/'s . . mnoina -are Pitanje za ovaj oblik je inverzija: Am I? Are you? Is he/she/it?. Odrian oblik: I am not/ I'm not You are not_/you aren't He/she/it is not/isn't Ostali (gotovo svi glagoli, osim modalnih) imaju sledee pravilo. Napr: glagol: eat -oblik infinitiv , znaenje (jesti ) Potvrdan oblik:za sva lica je isti oblik tj. infinitiv , samo se na III lice jednine dodaje nastavak s , u ovom sluaju dok se kod nekih drugih glagola moe da dodaje i nastavak es na infinitiv. + Potvrdan oblik) I eat He eats ? (Upitni oblik) DO I eat? DOES he eat? Glagol je infinitivu - (Odrini oblik) I do not/ don't eat He does not/doesn' t eat Glagol je u infinitivu Ovo vrijeme se koristi za opisivanje svakodnevne radnje ili neega to se ponavlja, zatim za izraavanje stanja i osjeanja kao i stvari koje se ne mogu mijenjati. Priloke odredbe su: Every year, month, week, day, Monday... usually, often, sometimes, from time to time

Past Simple Tense: prolo prosto vrijeme

to be - glagol (biti/postojati) Potvrdan oblik: I was You were He/she/ it was. . mnoina-were Pitanje za ovaj oblik je inverzija: Was I? Were you? Was he/she/it? itd. Odrian oblik: I was not/ Iwasn't You were not_/you weren't He/she/it was not/wasn't itd Ostali (gotovo svi glagoli, osim modalnih) imaju sledee pravilo. Napr: glagol: eat -oblik infinitiv , znaenje (jesti ) Potvrdan oblik:za sva lica je isti oblik tj. i, koristi se druga (II) kolona glagola ; U ovom sluaju, taj oblik je ate zato to je glagol eat nepravilan , pa se njegov Past Simple Tense mora uiti napamet. Kod pravilnih glagola, Past Simple Tense se dobija tako to se na infinitiv (prvu kolonu glagola) dodaje nastavak d ili ed. Na primjer; Look looked like liked Izgovor nastavaka d/ed je razliit, u zavisnosti kako se glagol u infinitivu zavrava Dakle, glagol eat - jesti + Potvrdan oblik) I ate He ate itd ? (Upitni oblik) DID I eat? DID he eat? Glagol je infinitivu - (Odrini oblik) I did not/ didn't eat He did not/didn't eat Glagol je u infinitivu Ovo vrijeme se koristi za opisivanje radnje u prolosti, koja je zavrena; obino se zna kada. Priloke odredbe su: Last year, month, week, day, Monday... three days ago, yesterday..

Present Continuous Tense: sadanje trajno vrijeme

Ovo vrijeme se gradi od pomonog glagola to be u Present Simple Tensu (Am, are,is) i od infinitiva glagola, na koji se dodaje nastavak ing tj. od takozvanog prezenta participa (present participle) Za glagol eat jesti + Potvrdan oblik) I am eating You are eating He/she/it is eating mnoina- are ? (Upitni oblik) Am I eating ? Are you eating ? Is he/she/it eating? - (Odrini oblik) I am not eating You are not eating He/she/it is not eating itd Ovo vrijeme se koristi za opisivanje radnje koja se dogadja u trenutku govora, i koja traje. Moe da opisuje i radnju koja se dogadja ovih dana, tj u bliskoj budunosti (obradjeno ranije). Priloke odredbe su: Now, at the moment, currently, at present .... at weekend.

Past Continuous Tense: prolo trajno vrijeme

Ovo vrijeme se gradi od pomonog glagola to be u Past Simple Tensu (was,were) i od infinitiva glagola, na koji se dodaje nastavak ing tj. od takozvanog prezenta participa (present participle) Za glagol eat jesti + Potvrdan oblik) I was eating You were eating He/she/it was eating mnoina-were ? (Upitni oblik) Was I eating ? Were you eating ? Was he/she/it eating? - (Odrini oblik) I was not eating You were not eating He/she/it was not eating itd Ovo vrijeme se koristi za opisivanje radnje koja se dogadjala u prolosti i trajala jedno vrijeme. esto opisuje dvije uporedne radnje, koje su se deavale u prolosti, gdje se koristi veznik (while dok). Takodje pokazuje i radnju koja je trajala a onda , na trenutak prekinuta drugom radnjom, koja je izraena (Past Simple Tensom.) Tada se koristi veznik (when-kada) Priloke odredbe su: All last year, month, week, yesterday morning, from 5 to 8 last week .....

Present Perfect Tense: sadanje-prolo vrijeme:

Ovo vrijeme se gradi od pomonog glagola have (u Present Simple Tensu) za sva lica osim III lica jednine, gdje se koristi oblik has ( isto present Simple Tense od glagola have) i od past participle (past participa tj. III kolone glagola. Kod pravilnih glagola, III kolona je ista kao i II, tj. na infinitiv se dodaje nastavak d ili ed dok se kod nepravilnih glagola III kolona- ui napamet. Eat- jesti + (Potvrdan oblik) I have eaten You have eaten He/she/it has eaten ? (Upitni oblik) Have I eaten? Have you eaten ? Has he/she/it eaten? - (Odrini oblik) I have not /haven't eaten You have not/haven't eaten He/she/it has not/hasn't eaten Ovo vrijeme ne moe da se poredi ni sa jednim vremenom u srpskom jeziku jer se kod nas radnja koju pokazuje ovo vrijeme izraava ili sadanjim vremenom (prezentom) ili prolim vremenom (u srpskom jeziku- perfektom). Ovo vrijeme pokazuje da se neto dogodilo, ali nije bitno kada/vremenski momenat je nebitan,bitna je injenica. Na primjer: I have read that book. Proitao/la sam tu knjigu. Nekada osjetimo posledice u sadanjosti radnje koja je u stvari poela u prolosti (skorijoj..) I have received this letter. Primio/la sam ovo pismo. Evo, tu je.... esto se ovo vrijeme prevodi sadanjim vremenom , naroito uz izraze: ve i od (since) i (for). I have lived here since last year. ivim ovdje od prole godine. I have lived here for 12 months. ivim ovdje ve 12 mjeseci. Priloke odredbe su: already, recently, lately, yet, today, this morning, ever, never .. i SINCE and FOR

Present Perfect Continuous sadnje-prolo trajno vrijeme

Slino je gore navedenom( mada pokazuje uglavnom trajnost radnje) i tada postoje izvjesne razlike Eat-jesti + I have been eating He/she/it has been eating ? Have i been eating Has he/she/it been eating - I have not (haven't) been eating He/she/it has not ( hasn't) been eating Pokazuje radnju koja je poela u prolosti i na neki nain ima posledice, i pokazuje trajnost radnje koja je poela u prolosti i ije posledice su vidljive... I have been learning this for three hours Uim ovo ve tri sata (poredjeje sa Present Perfectom) I have eaten this for three hours isti prevod ali I have been selling this house ...... prodajem ovu kuu ..... ( nisam je jo prodala, jer se to vidi...

I have sold a house........................ prodala sam kuu ... (injenica je- sada je neko drugi vlasnik

Past Perfect Tense: davno prolo vrijeme:

Ovo vrijeme se gradi od pomonog glagola have (u Past Simple Tensu) koje glasi HAD - za sva lica i od past participle (past participa tj. III kolone glagola. Kod pravilnih glagola, III kolona je ista kao i II, tj. na infinitiv se dodaje nastavak d ili ed dok se kod nepravilnih glagola III kolona- ui napamet. Eat- jesti + (Potvrdan oblik) I had eaten You had eaten He/she/it had eaten ? (Upitni oblik) Had I eaten? Had you eaten ? Had he/she/it eaten? - (Odrini oblik) I had not /hadn't eaten You had not/hadn't eaten He/she/it had not/hadn't eaten Past Perfect Tense opisuje radnju koja se dogodila prije neke druge radnje u prolosti. Koristi se uz veznike: after, before, as soon as, when...

Future Simple: Futur prosti (Opisuje radnju koja e se desiti u budunosti, predvidjanje odredjenih
situacija, opisivanje tih buduih dogadjaja u detalje. Pokazuje neiju iznenadnu odluku i koristi se uz izraze: I think, probably, I expect .... Gradi se od pomonog glagola will i od infinitiva (za sva lica). Za prvo lice jednine i mnoine moe da se koristi shall, ali nije neophodno. Skraen oblik pomonog glagola will /shall , u potvrdnom obliku je 'll. Odrian oblik za shall je shan't Glagol: eat-jesti + (Potvrdan oblik) I will eat (I'll) You will eat He/she/it will eat ? (Upitni oblik) Will I eat? Will you eat ? Will he/she/it eat? - (Odrini oblik) I will not /won't eat You will not /won't eat He/she/it will not /won't eat shan't Priloke odredbe su: next year, month, week, tomorrow, in a few cweeks....

V Put the appropriate article: a/an, the or ( )article: Stavi odgovarajui lan ili ne upotrebljavaj lan ispred ...
1. --- ------snow is white. (Imenica snow je gradivna, nema lana, osim kada se naglaava koji snijeg (snow) je u pitanju. Napr. (ispred kue, na planini) 2.---- ------horses are animals which we take to -the-------vets when they are sick. (Ispred zajednikih imenica u mnoini, nema lana ali ispred odreenih zanimanja, kao mjesta namjene i svrhe odlaska negdje, koristimo lan the) 3.. Mary plays ---the----------flute. She lives in ---- ---------Paris. (Ispred naziva muzikih instrumenata stavljamo lan the. ) Ispred naziva gradova, nema lana 4. He is --a-------pianist and she is ---an-------architect. (Ispred naziva zanimanja, stavljamo lan a ili an, u zavisnosti da li se rije izgovara sa suglasnikom - kada koristimo (a), ili samoglasnikom - kada koristimo (an). Ovaj lan (a) ili (an) se uvijek koristi ispred rijei u jednini. 5. -- ---------truth is stronger than-------- -------fiction. ( Ispred apstraktnih pojmova , nema lana, izuzev ako neto ne naglaavamo) 6. ----The--------house at this corner is very big. (Odreeni lan the koristimo kada se tano zna na ta se misli u odreenom kontekstu (blie opisano)

Ponoviti pravila za lanove, poto ih ima mnogo ( iz dijela gradiva koje je obraeno na asu i pravila koja su zapisana.. )

VI Match the words to the sentence: dishonest, healthy, unfit, disrespectful, considerate, impatient, (Spoji odgovarajue rijei sa reenicama) : dishonest (nepoten, neiskren), unfit (fiziki nespreman, considerate ( obziran) 1. You should eat five different fruit and vegetables every day to be healthy. (zdrav) 2. My mother always gets impatient when the shop assistant is slow. (nestrpljiv(a)) 3. Hes very arrogant and disrespectful, especially to old people. ( bez potovanja) VII Correct the mistakes: Ispravi greke: 1. She will to buy some things next month. She will buy some things next month. (Nema to ispred will) 2. Did you went to France? Did you go to France? (Kada pitamo sa did, glagol je u infinitive) 3. What they are going to do on Sunday? What are they going to do? (Pitanje se postavlja inverzijom upitna rije (what , zatim slijedi pomoni glagol to be, u ovom sluaju (are), zatim subjekat a onda oblik /going to/ pa glavni glagol u infinitivu (do)

VIII Choose the correct word in each sentence: Izaberi tanu rije u svakoj reenici:
You talked to him (friendly, in a friendly way). Ovako se kae pravilno jer opisuje kako neko neto radi, na koji nain friendly= drueljubiv 2. Dinosaurs are (extinct, endangered) animals. Izumrli,e 3. They came home (late, lately). Kasno Rije late ima isti oblik i kao pridjev i kao prilog, u znaenju A late train---- kasni voz (pridjev) A train came late. (voz je stigao kasno) kao u datoj reenici (prilog). 1. *Rije lately ima znaenje u poslednje vrijeme

IX Use the correct form of modal verbs: Upotrebi taan oblik modalnog glagola:
You mustn't/needn't talk in the theatre! Ti ne smije priati u pozoritu. Izraava zabranu. He has to/must hurry if he wants to come on time.On mora pouriti ako eli da stigne na vrijeme. Must- kada neka osoba daje svoje miljenje o neemu a have to tj. has to ( za III lice jednine/ Present Simple) se koristi kada neto ne zavisi od osobe pojedinano, kada je neto esto- zakonska norma. 4. She doesn't have to/must go home. It is not very late.Ona ne mora da ide kui. Nije puno kasno. Moe da se koristi i oblik needn't , za sva lica, u znaenju ne morati She needn't go 5. They mustn't/ have to answer all questions. Oni moraju da odgovore na sva pitanja. (Obaveza) * Ponoviti jo neka pravila 1. 2. 3.

X Join the two sentences together using who or which: Spoji reenice koristei odnosne /relativne zamjenice: who/which:
1. His sister got a prize. She was a nurse. His sister, who was a nurse, got a prize. (Odnosna tj. relativna zamjenica who se koristi za ljude. Ovo je non-defining relative clause. tj.vrsta odnosne /relativne reenice, iji dio se odvaja zarezima i koja pokazuje neku dodatnu informaciju o odreenoj osobi ili stvari. Ta dodatna informacija nije neophodna, jer i bez nje imamo osnovne podatke. 2. I like these strawberries. They come from Spain. I like these strawberries which come from Spain. Odnosna tj.relativna zamjenica which se odnosi na predmete, mjesta ili ivotinje. Defining relative clause

Postoje i druge odnosne ili relativne zamjenice: whose (iji), what (to), where (gdje) i that koja mijenja najee odnosne tj relativne zamjenice who ili which , u mnogim sluajevima.

XI Turn these sentences into the Passive voice: Prebaci ove reenice u pasiv:
1. 2. 3. Somebody shut the door. People eat a lot of bread in this country. He sends me flowers every day. *D.O. *direktni, blii objekat) The door was shut (by somebody) Past Simple / passive A lot of bread is eaten in this country. Present Simple /passiuve Flowers are sent to me every day by him . Present Simple /passive

3. I am sent flowers every day by him Present Simple/ passive *I.O. * indirektni, dalji objekat 4. They closed the gates at 7 o'clock last night. The gates were closed at 7 o'clock last night by them Past Simple/passive 5. She cleans her room every day. Her room is cleaned every day by her. Present Simple/-passive 6. Young people don't watch TV very often. TV is not watched very often by young people. Present Simple/ passive odrian oblik 7. He stole my wallet the other day. My wallet was stolen the other day by him. Past Simple/passive 8. Does she listen to music every day? upitni oblik Is music listened to by her every day? Present Simple/passive

PASSIVE: PRAVILO (ponavljanje) Pasiv se pravi samo od prelaznih glagola, to znai da u aktivnoj reenici mora da bude objekat. Pasiv Present Simple Tense se gradi tako to objekat (blii ili dalji) u aktivnoj reenici postaje subjekat u pasivnoj reenici i na njemu se vri radnja... >Koristi se pomoni glagol to be , u Present Simple Tensu (am, are, is) i past particip tj. trea kolona glavnog glagola. *Primjeri dati u reenicama, iznad Pasiv Past Simple Tense se gradi na isti nain tj. objekat aktivne reenice postaje subjekat pasivne Koristi se pomoni glagol to be u Past Simple Tensu (was, were) i past particip tj. trea kolona glagola. * Primjeri dati u reenicama, iznad. Na kraju reenice, mada ne i obavezno treba da bude oznaka od strane koga se vri ( la) radnja: by me od strane mene by you, by him, by her, by it by us, by you, by them .... by my friend,

Pasiv moe da bude u svakom vremenu, (obradjeno je u VIII razredu, mada nije obavezno za osnovnu klolu)

XII Turn the sentences into Indirect speech: Prebaci reenice u indirektni govor: Koristi: ...asks/... tells me:
1. He tells me : I understand what you say. 2. She asks them: Are you having a party on Friday? 3. She tells him: Help me finish this difficult task, please. 4. They ask us: Where have you been the whole day today? 5. She asks me: Do you have a meeting here? 6. ..He asks her: Don't drop rubbish in the street! 7. ...We ask them: Did you write to your friends last week? 8. I ask him: How did you go to school? 9. They ask us: Where will you travel when you get the money you need?

Tani odgovori (dati ispod)

Sve reenice su sa uvodnim glagolom u prezentu, pa nema promejene kod glagolskih vremena- samo ima kod zamjenica i osnovnih promjena, koje se odnose na neke dijelove reenice; pravilo kod pisanja indirektnog govora

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Provjeriti pravilo u Reported speech ( direktni i indirektni govor)

He tells me (that) he understands what I say. Izjavna reenica

She asks them if they are having a party on Friday. Upitna reenica, za pitanje sa pomonim gl. (tzv. Yes/No questions) if + subjekat + glagol u potvrdnom, izjavnom obliku u datom gl. vremenu She tells him to help her finish this dificult task. Naredba (command) potvrdna

They ask us where we have been the whole day today. Upitna reenica, sa upitnom rijei , prepie se upitna rije) ... where +subjekat + potvrdni glagolski oblik u datom gl. vremenu She asks me if I have a meeting here. Upitna reenica, za pitanje sa pomonim gl. (tzv. Yes/No questions) if + subjekat + glagol u potvrdnom, izjavnom obliku u datom gl. vremenu He asks her not to drop rubbish in the street. Naredba (command) odrina

We ask them if they wrote to their friends last week. Upitna reenica, za pitanje sa pomonim gl. (tzv. Yes/No questions) if + subjekat + glagol u potvrdnom, izjavnom obliku u datom gl vremenu I ask him how he went to school. Upitna reenica, sa upitnom rijei- prepie se upitna rije) ... where +subjekat + potvrdni glagolski oblik u datom gl. vremenu They ask us where we will travel when we get the money we need. Upitna reenica, sa upitnom rijei - prepie se upitna rije) ... where +subjekat + potvrdni glagolski oblik u datom gl. vremenu

9.

Kada je uvodni glagol u Past Simple Tensu, onda dolazi do primjene pravila o slaganju vremena. To je uradjeno na casovima ali nije obavezno po Nastavnom planu i programu.

XIII a) Translate the sentences and use:the First (1st ) and Second Conditional (2nd) : Prevedi reenice i upotrebi I i II Kondicional:
1. 2. Kada bi on to uradio (da on to uradi), bio bi kanjen. If he did it, he would be punished. (II kondicional) Neu otii u muzej ako ne budem imala vremena. I won't go to the museum if I don't have time. (I kondicional)

b) Complete the sentences , use 0, 1st or 2nd Conditional: Kompletiraj reenice koristei nulti, prvi ili drugi kondcional: 1. You .will see . ( see) more places if you.travel. (travel) by car next week. 1st conditional/ prvi kondicional 2.If I ..were...... (be ) him, I wouldn't write ................. (not write ) to her. 2nd conditional /drugi kondicional 3.If she needs... (need) any help, she ..will call..........(call) you. 1st conditional/ prvi kondicional 4. If you ...go.... (go) there, don't be (not be) late. 0 conditional / nulti kondicional 5. What would ...............you (do) if you ..won.......... (win) a jack pot? 2nd conditional/ drugi kondicional KONDICIONALNE REENICE/ NULTI, PRVI, DRUGI KONDICIONAL:ponavljanje i NOVO)

Kondicionalne ili uslovne reenice se koriste kao zavisne reenice u jednoj sloenoj reenici. Tako se jedna sloena reenica moe sastojati od glavne i zavisne reenice,u ovom sluaju kondicionalne ili uslovne. Veina uslovnih (kondicionalna) reenica poinje sa if- u znaenju (ako, kada bi,,,, u zavisnosti koja vrsta uslovne tj. kondicionalne reenice je u pitanju. Moe poeti i sa when (kada) Nekada se ta uslovna (kondicionalna ) reenicae nalazi na poetku sloene reenice , pa se ona uvijek odvaja zarezom (zapetom) . Ako je glavna reenica na poetku, onda se ne upotrebljava zarez/zapeta. Postoje reenice, koje izraavaju radnju za koju nije potrebno ispuniti nikakav uslov i tada se to zove: ZERO CONDITIONAL (NULTI KONDICIONAL). NETO SE DEAVA BEZ OBZIRA DA LI SE USLOV ISPUNJAVA ILI NE...

Primjer: IF you go out in the rain without an umbrella you get wet. Ako ide po kii, bez kiobrana, ti se pokvasi (postane mokar). IF you Are wrong , I Am right. AKO ti NISI u pravu, ja JESAM.
IF reenica je uvijek u PRESENT SIMPLE TENSU a glavna moe biti isto u Present Simple Tensu, ponekad moe i u Present Perfect Tensu a moe imati i oblik (imperativ)- naredbu. IF you SEE him, TELL him to come. Ako ga vidi, reci mu da doe. I CONDITIONAL (PRVI KONDICIONAL) Prvi kondicional se upotrebljava KADA NETO ELIMO DA IZRAZIMO ALI UZ ISPUNJENJE ODREENOG USLOVA INAE SE TA RADNJA NEE IZVRITI. Uslov se lako i vjerovatno moe ispuniti. IF reenica je u PRESENT SIMPLE TENSU a drugi dio, GLAVNA reenica je u FUTURU. Primjer: IF you study more, you wil get a good mark at school.

AKO ui (bude) uio vie, DOBIE bolju ocjenu u koli.

II CONDITIONAL (DRUGI KONDICIONAL) Drugi kondicional se upotrebljava kada elimo da kaemo da postoji mala vjerovatnoa dae se neto ostvariti jer je uslov teko ispuniti. USLOVNA (KONDICIONALNA) REENICA SE PREVODI .... kADA BI. DA JE , a GLAVNI DIO REENICE- BILO BI...... Na engleskom jeziku IF reenica je u PAST SIMPLE TENSU a u drugom dijelu, u GLAVNOJ REENICI se koristi WOULD +INFINITIVE. Umjesto WOULD, moe da se koristi i COULD; SHOULD, MIGHT Primjer: If I saw him, I would tell him. KADA BIH GA VIDJELA (VIDIO) tj. (DA GA VIDIM, REKLA BIH MU.

U srpskom jeziku se (if ) reenica , u ovakvom sluaju prevodi sadanjim vremenom ali u engleskom jeziku je obavezna upotreba PAST SIMPLE TENSA u IF reenici (II condicional).

Postoji oblik: IF I WERE YOU ( za sva lica WERE) u znaenju... Da sam na tvom mjestu..... ili
Primjer: If he were here, he would know what to do. Da je on ovdje, znao bi ta da radi. DOZVOLJENA JE I UPOTREBA (If he was here....)

XIV Circle the correct answer: Zaokrui (oznai) taan odgovor

1. You dont .a) need . a lot of money to start a stamp collection. a) need b) want c) ask 2. Will the plane take off if there c) is a storm? a) be b) was c) is 3. c) Although .people used to play it outdoors in the winter time, we usually play indoors on an ice rink. a) Because of b) Despite c) Although 4. She workson.Saturday morning and comes back at.8 oclock. a) in /on b) on /at c) on /in

5. Susie a) told .her all about her new pet. a) told b) said c) spoke 6. . After I b) had arrived home I prepared something to eat. a) has arrived b) had arrived c) arrived

XV Make questions: Postavi pitanja:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. They were writing letters to their friends. (Who) Who was writing letters. (Pitanje za subjekat se postavlja u treem licu jednine (Past Continuous Tense) He had come to London before we called them. (When) When had he come to London? (Past Perfect Tense: pitanje se postavlja koristei inverziju) I enjoy traveling to foreign countries. (Who) Who enjoys travelling to foreign countries? (Pitanje za subjekat se postavlja u III licu jednine (Present Simple Tense) The captain of my team cried because we had lost the game. (Why) Why did the captain of my team cry? (Past Simple Tense) We have spent a few days at the seaside. (How many days) How many days have we spent at the seaside?

XVI Complete the text with the words from the box: Kompletiraj reenice sa datim rijeima. holds smallest drinks grow stronger takes body born

Nails: Your fingernails 1. grow (rastu) four times as fast as your toenails. It 2takes (treba) around 6 months to grow a new nail. Lee Redmond, who hasnt cut her nails since 1979, 3 holds (dri) the record for the longest fingernails un the world. Their total length is 7 m 51.cm. Bones: Babies are 4 . born (roene) with 300 bones. Adults only have 206. Bones are 4 times .5 . stronger (jae) than concrete (beton). The ..6. smallest (najmanja) bone in our body is in your ears. Water: The human ..7 body (tijelo) is 75% water. An average person /8 drinks (pije) around 73,000 litres of water in their lifetime.

XVII Read the text :Proitaj tekst

Talking about our feelings really improves communication. Most of us don' t do that. Instead we focus on what we don'like about something that somebody did. Suppose you and your sister are fighting over who gets to use the phone. You scream at her: You're always on the phone!. You never give me my messages. The chances are she'll scream at you and nothing will be resolved. There is another way. You should avoid statements likeYou always... or You never... and say what you feel. You might say:I feel that you don't respect me or my friends when you don't give me my messages or let me use the phone. a) Answer the questions: Odgovori na pitanja: 1. What do we often focus on? We focus on what we don't like about something that somebody did. .................................................................................................................... How can you avoid problems? You can say what you feel ..................................................................................................................

2.

3. Should you be calm when you talk? Yes, we (you, I) should..................................................................... b) Decide if the statements are true or false: Odredi da li su ove tvrdnje tane (T) ili netane (F) 1. Talking about our feelings doesn't help at all. 2. Your sister will probably scream at you if you tell her what you feel. 3. We should listen carefully what other people say. T T T F F F

*Ovaj tekst je iz radne sveske (IX razred) (Twist 3) XVIII Write opposites of these words using the correct prefix to each word: Use( in-, im-, un-, mis-, dis- Napii rijei suprotnog znaenja koristei date prefikse.:
fair unfair like dislike kind unkind selfish unselfish agree disagree appear disappear happy unhappy honest dishonest understand misunderstand possible impossible patient impatient considerate inconsiderate

XIX Use the following quantifiers: (Upotrebi sledee rijei za izraavanje koliine): much, many, little, a little, few, a few:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Please, give me a few pieces of that cake. I cant go with you because I have little.money. He is not a popular man; he has fewfriends. There arent many buildings in this street. He wont get lost; he can speak .. a little French. Do you like to eat .. much fruit?

MUCH / znaenje mnogo (upotrebljava se uz nebrojive imenice) Much sugar, coffee, milk, time, money MANY/ ( znaenje mnogo) (upotrebljava se uz brojive imenice) Many people, girls, boys, children, men, women, desks, dogs (Obje rijei se koriste uglavnom u odrinim i upitnim reenicama dok se u potvrdnim ee koristi : a lot of ili lots of ( a moe da mijenja i (much/many) FEW znaenje (malo, brojano malo, uz brojive imenice) I have few apples (you have more.) Ja imam malo jabuka... A FEW znaenje (nekoliko, uz brojive imenice) There were only a few people. Bilo je samo nekoliko ljudi. LITTLE znaenje (malo, nedovoljno- uz nebrojive imenice) I cant go with you, I have little time. Ne mogu da idem sa tobom, imam malo vremena. A LITTLE znaenje (malo, ali dovoljno- uz nebrojive imenice) We dont have to buy any milk. There is a little in this bottle. Ne moramo da kupimo mlijeko. Ima (neto) malo u ovoj flai. XX Use question tags: Upotrebi upitnu frazu na kraju reenice (zar ne, jeli?..) 1.She is a great writer, isnt she? 2. He was reading a book, wasnt he? 3. The will do it, wont they? 4. He likes music, doesnt he? 5. They went to the market, didnt they? 6. I am your friend, arent I?

(oblik arent I) ZAPAMTITE

Kada je reenica u potvrdnom obliku, onda se (question tag- upitna fraza, na kraju reenice) koristi u odrinom obliku, u onom glagolskom vremenu u kome je potvrdna reenica. Ako je reenica u odrinom obliku, (question tag) se postavlja u potvrdnom obliku, u istom gl. vremenu kao i reenica u odrinom obliku. You havent been there, have you?

XXI GERUND or INFINITIVE: Glagolska imenica (gerund) ili glagol u infinitivu : Gerund= infinitive + ing Koristi se u reenicama ili kao sunjekat ili kao objekat .

1. Are you fond of shopping? 2. Do you feel like playing a game of cards? 3. I hope to see you again. 4. I dont mind going out when it snows. 5. I would like to meet you again.
XXII PLURAL OF NOUNS: Mnoina imenica

Gerund Gerund Infinitive Gerund Infinitive

a dog dogs a girl girls a book books an orange oranges a bus buses a box boxes a boy boys a city cities a leaf leaves a knife knives a roof roofs a sheep sheep (ovca, ovce) a deer deer (jelen, jeleni)

Nepravilna mnoina imenica: a man men a woman women a child children a foot feet a tooth teeth a goose geese

Pogledati i podsjetiti se na pravila (jednina imenica , sa lanom (a) ili (an)- Pravila u (spelling-u) Postoje imenice koje imaju oblik mnoine ali su gramatiki jednina, idu uz glagol u jednini NEWS is . Neki glagoli imaju jedan oblik i za jedninu i mnoinu. Mnoinu razlikujemo od jednine tako to stavljamo rijei several pieces of (ili) some.. Primjer: some information, several pieces of information neke informacije A piece of advice (jednina) , (jedan savjet) some advice (mnoina) Rijei: Police, clothes, shorts, trousers,
XXIII PHRASAL VERBS: Frazalni glagoli;

are .

(mnoina)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

call off otkazati take off poletjeti (avion) break down- pokvariti (automobile) look after brinuti se show up- pojaviti se 6. give up odustati take after- liiti na nekoga

XXIV POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS /Prisvojne zamjenice

Mine, yours, his, hers, its

Ours, yours, theirs

Primjer: This is my book. Where is yours? My prisvojni pridjev jer ide uz imenicu (book) Yours- prisvojna zamjenica jer stoji samostalno (mijenja imenicu (book)
XXV REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: Refleksivne ili povratne zamjenice:

Za linu zamjenicu I, refleksivna zamjenica je myself, u znaenju (sebe ili se ) I can see myself. Ja se/sebe vidim. Moe da oznaava i neku naglaenost, na primjer . I can do it myself/ Ja to mogu da uradim sama. Za ostala lica: You yourself He/she/it herself/himself/itself We/you/they ourselves/yourselves/themselves

SRENO!