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Qui Chuan KTD Quoc Gia
Qui Chuan KTD Quoc Gia
H NI - 2009 1
B CNG THNG
S: 54/2008/Q-BCT
QUYT NH
V vic ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v k thut in B TRNG B CNG THNG Cn c Ngh nh s 189/2007/N-CP ngy 27 thng 12 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B Cng Thng; Cn c Lut in lc ngy 03 thng 12 nm 2004 ca Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam; Cn c Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut ngy 29 thng 6 nm 2006 ca Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam; Cn c Ngh nh s 127/2007/N-CP ngy 01 thng 8 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut; Cn c Thng t s 23/2007/TT-BKHCN ngy 28 thng 9 nm 2007 ca B Khoa hc v Cng ngh v hng dn xy dng, thm nh v ban hnh quy chun k thut; Theo ngh ca V trng V Khoa hc v Cng ngh, QUYT NH: iu 1. Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh ny b Quy chun k thut quc gia v k thut in sau: - Tp 5 Kim nh trang thit b h thng in K hiu: QCVN QT-5: 2008/BCT - Tp 6 Vn hnh, sa cha trang thit b h thng in K hiu: QCVN QT-6: 2008/BCT - Tp 7 Thi cng cc cng trnh in K hiu: QCVN QT-7: 2008/BCT (Cc tp 1, 2, 3, 4 c ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 19/2006/Q-BCN ngy 11 thng 7 nm 2006 ca B trng B Cng nghip ban hnh Quy phm trang b in). iu 2. Quyt nh ny c hiu lc sau 06 thng k t ngy ng Cng bo. B Quy chun trn s thay th Quy phm thi cng cng trnh in k hiu TCN -1 -84, Quy phm vn hnh nh
3
QCVN QT-5 : 2009/BCT my in v li in k hiu QPNL-01-90 v Tiu chun ngnh v Khi lng v tiu chun th nghim, nghim thu, bn giao cc cng trnh in k hiu TCN-26-87. iu 3. Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph, U ban nhn dn cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng v cc t chc, c nhn c lin quan chu trch nhim thi hnh Quyt nh ny./. KT. B TRNG TH TRNG ( k) Hu Ho
LI NI U B Quy chun K thut in QCVN QT 5:2008/BCT; QCVN QT 6:2008/BCT; QCVN QT 7:2008/BCT l vn bn quy phm php lut bt buc p dng cho cc n v hot ng in lc trn lnh th Vit Nam. Quy chun k thut in bao gm cc quy nh v thit k, xy lp, vn hnh v kim tra cc trang thit b sn xut, truyn ti in v phn phi in nng. Quy chun k thut in do B Cng Thng ch tr bin son, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh thm nh. Quy chun k thut c B Cng Thng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 54/2008/Q-BCT ngy 30 thng 12 nm 2008. Quy chun k thut in c xy dng da trn vic r sot, sa i, b sung v bin tp li ni dung ca 03 b Quy phm Trang b in, bao gm Quy phm thi cng cng trnh in (TCN-1-84), Quy phm vn hnh nh my in v li in (QPDT-01-71), Tiu chun ngnh v Khi lng v tiu chun th nghim, nghim thu, bn giao cc cng trnh in (TCN-26-87). Vic r sot sa i Quy chun c tin hnh trong bi cnh Vit Nam gia nhp WTO v chnh thc tr thnh thnh vin ca WTO vo thng 01 nm 2008. p ng vi vic gia nhp WTO th nhng tiu chun bt buc bao gm c tiu chun k thut phi khng l ro cn k thut trong thng mi quc t v hng ti vic hi ho vi tiu chun quc t. Trong bi cnh nh vy, nhim v t ra cho ln r sot, sa i ny l chn lc b ra nhng quy nh khng ph hp l quy nh bt buc, loi b cc quy nh qu chi tit mang tnh cht c th ca cng ngh, tp trung vo cc quy nh mang tnh cht c bn nht m bo mc tiu vn hnh an ton, n nh cc trang thit b ca h thng in Vit Nam, thng qua nhm m bo an ninh h thng in v an ton cho cng ng. Do thi gian hn hp, khi lng cng vic ln v rt phc tp, chc chn b Quy chun khng trnh khi mt s sai st, rt mong nhn c cc kin ng gp ca c gi. Cng nhn dp ny, V Khoa hc v Cng ngh, B Cng Thng xin chn thnh cm n C quan hp tc quc t Nht Bn (JICA), B Khoa hc v Cng ngh, B Xy dng, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, Tp on in lc Vit Nam, v cc c quan, t chc lin quan quan tm h tr, to iu kin v nhn lc cng nh vt lc cho T cng tc trong qu trnh xy dng quy chun. Xin chn thnh cm n cc chuyn gia tm huyt trong nc v quc t khng qun ngi kh khn, ng gp thi gian, cng sc v nhng kinh nghim qu bu ca mnh cng V Khoa hc v Cng ngh hon thnh cng tc xy dng h thng tiu chun k thut ngnh in, ng gp mt phn nh cho cng cuc xy dng t nc. Xin trn trng cm n. V KHOA HC V CNG NGH - B CNG THNG 5
MC LC
Trang Quyt nh v vic ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v k thut in............................ 3 Li ni u................................................................................................................................. 5 PHN I. QUY NH CHUNG..................................................................................................... 9 PHN II. TRM BIN P, NG DY TRUYN TI V PHN PHI IN..................... 12 Chng 1. Quy nh chung............................................................................................. 12 Chng 2. T chc v qun l vn hnh v bo dng................................................ 13 Chng 3. Kim tra bn giao.......................................................................................... 13 Chng 4. Kim tra trong khi lp t.............................................................................. 14 Mc 1. Quy nh chung........................................................................................... 14 Mc 2. ng dy ti in trn khng................................................................... 14 Mc 3. ng cp ngm........................................................................................ 16 Mc 4. Thit b ca trm bin p ............................................................................ 20 Chng 5. Kim tra hon thnh ..................................................................................... 41 Mc 1. Quy nh chung........................................................................................... 41 Mc 2. ng dy trn khng ............................................................................... 41 Mc 3. ng dy cp ngm................................................................................. 41 Mc 4. Thit b trm bin p ................................................................................... 42 Chng 6. Kim tra nh k .......................................................................................... 45 Mc 1. Quy nh chung........................................................................................... 45 Mc 2. ng dy trn khng ............................................................................... 45 Mc 3. ng dy cp ngm................................................................................. 46 Mc 4. Thit b trm bin p ................................................................................... 53 PHN III. CC NH MY THU IN ................................................................................... 60 Chng 1. Quy nh chung............................................................................................. 60 Chng 2. T chc, qun l vn hnh v bo dng.................................................... 62 Chng 3. Kim tra trong qu trnh lp t .................................................................... 63 7
Phn I
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 1. Mc ch Quy chun k thut ny quy nh cc vn cn thit lin quan n hot ng kim tra trong qu trnh lp t, kim nh hon thnh v kim nh nh k i vi trang thit b li in v cc nh my in. Kim tra trong khi lp t i vi cc nh my nhit in v cc cng trnh thu cng ca thu in, kim nh hon thnh i vi cc cng trnh thu cng ca thu in khng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca Quy chun k thut ny. iu 2. Phm vi p dng Quy chun k thut ny c p dng i vi hot ng kim tra cc trang thit b ca li in, cc nh my thu in v nhit in. Trong quy chun ny, cc trang thit b c ngha l tt c cc phn ni vi li in quc gia Vit Nam. Phm vi p dng i vi tng trang thit b quy nh nh sau: 1. Trang thit b li in Cc iu khon lin quan n trang thit b li in c quy nh trong Phn II, c p dng cho vic kim tra k thut cc trang thit b in ca ng dy truyn ti v phn phi, cc trm bin p c in p ti 500 kV. Vic kim tra hon thnh v cc kt cu nh ct in v mng nm ngoi phm vi ca quy chun ny. 2. Cc nh my thu in Cc iu khon lin quan n nh my thu in c quy nh trong Phn III, c p dng cho cc cng trnh thu cng v cc thit b in ca cc nh my thu in c th nh sau: a) Cc cng trnh thu cng ca tt c cc nh my thu in Vit Nam v ni vi li in ca Vit Nam, tr cc nh my thu in c p c bit c quy nh ti Ngh nh s 143/2003/N-CP ngy 28 thng 11 nm 2003 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi hnh mt s iu ca Php lnh Khai thc v Bo v cng trnh thy li. b) Cc thit b in ca cc nh my thu in Vit Nam v ni vi li in quc gia Vit Nam, c cng sut bng hoc ln hn 30 MW. 9
11
Phn II
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 5. Gii thch t ng Trong quy chun k thut, cc t di y c hiu nh sau: 1. Yu cu k thut l cc yu cu v mt k thut ca thit b hoc vt liu c m t chi tit ti cc ti liu. Ch s hu a yu cu k thut cho nh ch to khi t hng thit b hoc vt liu. 2. 3. Cng tc ri dy l cng tc cng dy trn ct. Trm bin p l cc cng trnh bin i in nng. Trm bin p bao gm cc thit b trn ct. 4. 5. ng dy ti in trn khng l ng dy hoc cc thit b dn in trn khng. Ct l cc kt cu ph tr cho cc thit b dn in, bao gm ct g, ct thp, hoc ct b tng... 6. Cc yu cu k thut i vi cng tc lp t l cc yu cu phi t c v mt k thut i vi cng tc lp t c m t c th trong cc ti liu. Ch s hu a ra cc yu cu ny trong hp ng vi bn xy lp. 7. Dy chng st l dy ni t hoc gn nh khng cch in, thng c lp t pha trn dy pha ca ca ng dy hoc trm bin p bo v trnh b st nh. 8. 9. OPGW l dy chng st cp quang. Kim tra xut xng l kim tra c tin hnh bi nh ch to trc khi chuyn thit b hoc vt liu cho ch s hu m bo tnh nng theo trch nhim ca nh sn xut. 10. Kim tra bng mt l kim tra bng cch nhn bn ngoi ca i tng. 11. Kim tra dc tuyn l kim tra bn ngoi ca thit b v hon cnh xung quanh dc theo tuyn ng dy.
12
Chng 2
Chng 3
13
Chng 4
M c 2
NG DY TI IN TRN KHNG
iu 11. in tr ni t ca cc ct, x, gi v h thng ni t Phi kim tra in tr ni t ca cc ct, x, gi i vi ng dy ti in trn khng v trng thi cc dy ni t. 1. in tr ni t in tr ni t phi c o theo cc quy nh sau y: i vi ct thp, in tr tng cng ca 4 chn phi c o bng my o in tr ni t khi hon thnh cng tc p mng ct. i vi cc ct b tng, cc cng tc o c phi c thc hin sau khi ct c lp t v cc h thng ni t chn. Ch s hu phi kim tra tng th m bo cc in tr ni t thp hn cc gi tr quy nh trong Quy chun K thut. 2. Trng thi ca h thng ni t Phi kim tra v chng loi, dy, ng knh, tnh trng ca cc dy ni t v bt k hin tng khc thng ca cc mi ni dy. Ch s hu phi kim tra tng th m bo in tr ni t khng qu cc gi tr quy nh trong Quy chun k thut. iu 12. Kim tra dy dn trn khng Chng loi, kch thc, tnh trng ca dy dn trn khng v dy chng st phi c kim tra khi hon thnh cng tc lp t. Cc hng mc sau y phi c kim tra bng mt. 14
iu 14. Kim tra dy chng st c cp quang (OPGW) Phi kim tra tnh trng ca dy chng st c cp quang. Trong qu trnh thi cng v khi hon thnh, ch s hu phi kim tra bng mt v o cc mc sau: 1. 2. OPGW khng c h hng. Momen xon ti cc bu lng ni nh hn quy nh ca nh sn xut hoc cc c tnh k thut. 3. 4. Bn knh cong ph hp vi quy nh ca nh sn xut. Tn tht truyn tn hiu khng ln hn tiu chun quy nh. Nu cc tr s khc bit ln, cn thc hin cc bin php x l. iu 15. Kim tra khong trng cch in Khong trng cch in gia dy v x hoc gia cc dy cn phi kim tra sau khi hon thnh vic ri dy v u ni. Ch s hu phi kim tra m bo rng khong trng khng nh hn so vi gi tr cho php c quy nh trong Quy chun k thut. iu 16. Kim tra s cch in Quy cch v cc iu kin ca s cch in, s lng bt cch in trong chui cn c kim tra sau khi lp t. Ch s hu phi kim tra bng mt hoc cch khc cho cc hng mc sau y: Quy cch, ng knh, ph kin, s lng, cch lp theo yu cu k thut. 15
iu 17. Khong vt, gc ngang v cao ti thiu so vi mt t Khong vt, gc nm ngang v cao ti thiu thc t so vi mt t cn c kim tra sau khi cng dy. Ch s hu phi kim tra v tr tm ct thp v cc ct b tng pht hin sai lch so vi v tr thit k, khong vt v gc nm ngang.
M c 3
NG CP NGM
iu 18. Kim tra hp ni cp Cn kim tra cc hp ni cp c xy lp ti hin trng c tun theo phng php xy lp v cc yu cu k thut ca nh sn xut. 1. in tr cch in Cn kim tra mi li cp c c cch in vi t khng. (Vi cc loi cp nhiu li, cn kim tra nhng li ny c c cch in vi nhau). Cc php o cn c thc hin bng mgmmet c in p 1000 V hoc 2500 V. in tr cch in ny cn c o sau khi t mt in p th nghim trong thi gian 1 pht. Trng hp cp ngm di c in dung ln n mc kim hin th ca my o in tr khng n nh trong mt khong thi gian ngn, in tr cch in ca nhng loi cp nh vy cn c o sau khi kim hin th n nh. Nhit v m cn c ghi chp ti mi ln o. Cc mc in tr cch in phi ln theo quy nh. 2. Cc phng php xy lp v kch thc ca cc hp ni cp Da trn cht lng v cc bn ghi chp xy lp do n v xy dng cng trnh thc hin, cn kim tra cc hp ni cp c xy lp theo ng cc yu cu k thut ca nh ch to, v kch thc ca cc hp tun theo cc yu cu ny (s xy lp) 16
Chp nn p cng
Phn nh du ti khong cch: Z t u cp v phn o khong cch: Y t mt y ca GIS ti phn nh du m bo cng on ghp ni dy dn an ton.
V dn in
Mt y ca GIS
Lp bn dn-gn k bn ngoi
Bo v Phn nh du
Bng vi
Hnh 2-14-1. Cu trc ca u cp kiu trt (Bn v tham kho) Khi thc hin cng on lp hp u cp vo ngn thit b GIS, phi lu nu lp t khng ng s gy ra tnh trng tip xc km v qu nhit sau lp t, dn ti h hng u cp v tip im ca thit b GIS, cng nh lm h hng thit b GIS. Sau khi nhng iu kin ca vic ghp ni c kim tra bng thnh gic v xc gic, khong cch t mt y ca GIS ti phn nh du cn c o v kim tra c p ng cc yu cu k thut ca nh ch to. iu 19. Kim tra Pha Khi hon thnh cng trnh xy dng cp, vic kim tra pha cui cng cn c thc hin c hai u cp nhm ngn nga vic ni cp sai. Vic o cc cc v cc ni t cn
17
18
(Bn knh cong cho php trong qu trnh lp t) = (Bn knh cong cho php) 1,5
Ghi ch: Nu nh ch to cp c tiu chun quy nh khc quy nh trn, th theo quy chun ca nh ch to. iu 23. in tr cch in v cp in tr cch in gia v cp v t cn c o m bo khng c s bt thng trong lp cch in ny. Php o cn c thc hin bng mgmmet c in p 1000 V v in tr cch in phi ln hn cc tiu ch sau. Bng 2-19-1. in tr cch in cho php ca v cp
Loi cp Cp c cc lp bc chng nc Cp c lp chng chy Cp du (OF) in tr cch in Khng thp hn 10 M/km Khng thp hn 1 M/km Khng thp hn 1 M/km
iu 24. un khc ca cp Cn kim tra cp c lp t theo ng yu cu thit k k thut. Cc nhp v khong un khc cn c o v kim tra p ng cc gi tr cho php. V tr v s lng cc m hm cn c kim tra tun theo ng yu cu thit k k thut. iu 25. Cc im ni t Nhng on cp ngn loi cp mt li, mt u cp c ni t ngn chn cc dng in vng do cm ng in t. Vic tip t cn c kim tra tun th cc yu cu thit k k thut. 19
M c 4
THIT B CA TRM BIN P
iu 27. Cc hng mc kim tra my bin p lc 1. o tnh trng cch in
(1) o in tr cch in cc cun dy R60 m bo kt qu o c chch xc cn tun theo cc iu kin sau: a) b) Thao tc o ch tin hnh nhit cun dy t 10 0C tr ln i vi cc my bin p t 150 kV tr xung v t 30 0C tr ln i vi cc my bin p t 220 kV tr ln; i vi cc my bin p 110 kV, cng sut 80.000 kVA tr ln hoc in p 220 kV tr ln, nn o cch in nhit sai khc khng qu + 5 0C so vi nhit khi nh ch to o. i vi cc my bin p di 150 kV, cng sut di 80.000 kVA sai khc nhit trn khng qu 10 0C; Nu nhit o ti hin trng sai khc so vi nh ch to th cn quy i kt qu v cng mt nhit theo h s K1 trong bng 2-23-1; Bng 2-23-1. H s quy i K1
Chnh lch nhit (oC) H s quy i K1 1 1,04 2 1,08 3 1,13 4 1,17 5 1,22 10 1,50 15 1,84 20 2,25 25 2,75 30 3,40
Trong trng hp chnh lch nhit khng c trong bng trn th ta c th tnh ra bng cch nhn cc h s tng ng; V d: Chnh lch nhit l 9 oC khng c trong bng 2-23-1; K9 = K5K4 = 1,22. 1,17 = 1,42 c) Nhit cun dy i vi cc my bin p t 35 kV tr xung c coi l bng nhit lp du trn cng, nhit cun dy i vi cc my bin p trn 35 kV c coi l nhit cun dy cao p pha B xc nh bng phng php in tr mt chiu theo cng thc sau: tx = Rx / R0 (235 + t0 ) - 235 R0 - in tr cun dy o nh ch to nhit t0 Rx - in tr cun dy o nhit tx 20
Nu my cha y du th cho php tin hnh o R khi mc du cch mt my 150 - 200 mm, vi iu kin cc phn cch in chnh ca my ngm hon ton trong du. (2) in tr cch in ca cc mch iu khin in tr cch in ca cc mch iu khin vi t phi c o bng mgm met c in p 500 V. Quy chun ca cc in tr cch in phi ln hn 2 M (3) o tg o tang gc tn tht in mi (tg) bt buc i vi my bin p t 110 kV tr ln v my bin p t 35 kV tr ln c cng sut t 10000 kVA tr ln. m bo kt qu chnh xc cn theo cc lu a, b, c ca mc (1). Cng ging nh R60 tr s ca tg khng tiu chun ha m so snh vi s liu xut xng hoc so vi ln th nghim trc. Tuy nhin khi khng c cc s liu ny c th tham kho gi tr ti a cho php ca tg %, cun dy my bin p ti bng 2-23-3. Bng 2-23-3. Gi tr tg % cun dy my bin p
Cp in p cun cao p 10 T 35 kV tr xung c cng sut di 10.000 kVA Trn 35 kV c cng sut 10.000 kVA tr ln v trn 110 kV khng ph thuc cng sut 1,2 0,8 20 1,5 1,0 Nhit cun dy ( C) 30 2,0 1,3 40 2,6 1,7 50 3,4 2,3 60 4,5 3,0 70 6,0 4,0
o
Trng hp nhit khi o sai khc vi nhit nh ch to o lc xut xng, ta cn quy i v cng mt nhit theo h s K2 trong bng 2-23-4: 21
1 1,05
2 1,10
3 1,15
4 1,20
5 1,25
10 1,55
15 1,95
16 2,4
Nu chnh lch nm ngoi bng trn ta c th tnh ra bng cch nhn cc h s tng ng nh trong trng hp vi R60 mc (1) phn b). o tg cch in cun dy chu nh hng ca du cch in trong my, nn nh gi ng mc cch in cun dy so snh vi nh ch to cn loi tr nh hng ca du cch in. tg cun dy = tg o - K3 (tg du 2 - tg du 1) tg cun dy l tg thc t ca cun dy my bin p lc tg o l gi tr o c trong qu trnh th nghim tg du 1 l tg du cch in trong my khi xut xng c quy i v nhit o tg du 2 l du c vo my ti hin trng c quy i v nhit o K3 - H s quy i ph thuc vo kt cu my c gi tr gn bng h s trong bng 2-23-5. Vic quy i gi tr tg du theo nhit thc hin nh h s K3 Bng 2-23-5. H s quy i K3
Chnh lch nhit ( C) H s quy i K3
o
1 1,03
2 1,06
3 1,09
4 1,12
5 1,15
10 1,31
15 1,51
20 2,0
30 2,3
Bt k tg cc cun dy o c khi xut xng l bao nhiu nu tg o ti hin trng nh hn hoc bng 1% u c coi l t tiu chun. 2. o t s bin i Phi kim tra t s bin i tng u phn p ca cc my bin p. S chnh lch gia kt qu o v ca nh sn xut phi nh hn 0,5%. 3. Kim tra cc tnh v th t pha Phi kim tra cc tnh, t u dy v th t pha ca cc my bin p. i vi cc my bin p mt pha, tt c cc cun dy phi c kim tra cc tnh. i vi cc my bin p ba pha, tt c cc cun dy phi c kim tra t u dy v th t pha m bo khng c s khc bit no vi cc thng s ca nh ch to. 4. o in tr mt chiu cun dy in tr cun dy ca cc my bin p phi c o bng dng in mt chiu. S chnh lch gia kt qu o v cc thng s ca nh ch to phi nh hn 2%. 22
15 ~ 35 kV
Nh hn 15 kV
7.
Kim tra kn du Phi kim tra kn du sao cho khng c du r r di cc iu kin sau y: p lc: ln hn 0,02 Mpa Thi gian chu p lc: ln hn 24 gi
8.
Kim tra b iu p di ti
(1) Kim tra thao tc chuyn mch Phi kim tra B iu p di ti (OLTC) c th chuyn mch m khng cn bt c tc ng bt thng c bng tay ln bng iu khin in. (2) o dng iu khin ng c in Phi o dng ca mt in sao cho OLTC ng ngt chuyn mch nh nhng khng cn bt c tc ng bt thng ln c cu truyn ng in. Tr s dng o c phi m bo nm trong khong dung sai cho php theo tiu chun ca nh ch to. 23
(1) o in tr cch in ca cc cun dy s cp Cc in tr cch in gia cun dy vi t, v gia cc cun dy phi c o bng mgm met c in p 1.000 V. Cc tiu chun i vi cc in tr theo tng loi c quy nh nh sau: a) Loi cun dy Bng 2-24-1. Cc tiu chun cch in cho cc cun dy ca PT (M)
Nhit du in p danh nh (kV) Cao hn 66 2035 1015 Thp hn 10 20 0C 30 0C 40 0C 50 0C 60 0C
75 65 50 25
b)
c)
Loi cch in bng kh SF6 in tr cch in ca cc cun dy s cp phi khng thp hn cc c tnh ca nh sn xut.
24
(1) o in tr cch in ca cc cun dy s cp Cc in tr cch in gia cun dy v t, v gia cc cun dy phi c o bng mgm met c in p 1000 V. Cc tiu chun i vi cc in tr theo loi CT c quy nh nh sau. a) Kiu s Bng 2-25-1. Tiu chun in tr cch in i CT kiu s (M)
Nhit du in p danh nh (kV) Cao hn 66 2035 1015 Thp hn 10 1200 1000 800 400 600 500 400 200 300 250 200 100 150 125 100 50 75 65 50 25 20 0C 30 0C 40 0C 50 0C 60 0C
b)
2.
o t s bin i Phi o t s bin i i vi tng u ni ca cc my bin dng. Cc php o phi c thc hin i vi cc my bin dng ang kt ni vi cc bng iu khin. Bng cch t dng in th nghim vo mch s cp ca my bin dng, phi o in p ca mch th cp ti cc kim tra trn bng iu khin khng nh chc chn v t s bin i v dy ni l thch hp.
3. o cc tnh Phi kim tra cc tnh ca my bin dng in. Mch s cp ca cc my bin dng phi c kt ni vi thit b o v sau phi kim tra cc tnh ca mch th cp. 4. o c tnh t ha Phi o c tnh t ha ca cc my bin dng pht hin thay i c tnh do s dch chuyn li hoc khe h ca li. Quy nh ny ch p dng cho cc loi my bin dng c loi li tch phn chia. Cc kt qu o c phi c so snh vi cc s liu kim tra nh my ch to m bo khng c s chnh lch. iu 30. Cc hng mc kim tra my ct cch in kh (GCB) 1. o in tr cch in
(1) o in tr cch in ca ng dn s cp in tr cch in gia ng dn s cp vi t, v gia cc tip im phi c o bng mgm met c in p 1000 V m bo cc in tr cch in khng thp hn 1000 M. 26
(1) o in tr tip xc i vi mch s cp ca GCB Phi o c v kim tra in tr tip xc ca mch s cp m bo cc c tnh k thut ca nh ch to. V nguyn tc, phi tin hnh o i vi tng tip im. Tuy nhin, c th tin hnh o i vi tt c cc tip im trong khi nu khng th o tng tip im ring bit do cu to ca GCB. (2) o in tr tip xc ca tip im ph in tr tip xc ca tip im ph phi c o v kim tra theo ng yu cu k thut ca nh ch to. 3. Kim tra kn ca cc h thng kh nn Ch p dng i vi cc GCB truyn ng bng kh nn. Sau khi b truyn ng c tch y khng kh ti p lc nh mc, phi o c v kim tra s r kh m bo theo yu cu k thut ca nh ch to hoc thp hn 3% trong 12 gi. 4. Kim tra r r ca h thng du p lc iu ny ch p dng i vi cc GCB c cc c ch truyn ng bng du p lc. Phi o c v kim tra thi gian r r ca h thng p lc du, m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh sn xut. Thi gian r r l thi gian t lc khi ng li bm do r du ti khi bm dng do tr s p sut du c ci t dng bm du. 5. Kim tra ng h o mt kh hoc ng h o p lc kh Phi o v kim tra cc p sut sau y tho mn yu cu k thut ca nh ch to: - p sut kh SF6 cnh bo v kho s vn hnh ca GCB. - p sut kh SF6 cnh bo v kho s vn hnh ca GCB c ci t li. 6. Phn tch kh SF6 Ch c phn tch kh SF6 trong GCB sau mt ngy tnh t khi kh c np y. m ca SF6 i vi tng ngn kh phi c o c v kim tra, m bo khng qu cc thng s k thut ca nh sn xut. 7. Kim tra vn hnh ng ct
(1) Vn hnh ng ct bng tay Phi m bo rng khng c bt thng no trong GCB khi ng ct ba ln bng tay thao tc hoc n nt ti hin trng. 27
(1) Thi gian ng v m ca my ct Phi o v kim tra thi gian ng, m ca my ct m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. (2) Thao tc my ct in p (p sut) ti thiu Khi in p khng t vo mch s cp, phi kim tra kh nng thc hin thao tc my ct in p ca cun dy in t hoc p sut ca kh nn t gi tr nh mc n in p (p sut) ti thiu. Khi , c tnh tc ng-m ca GCB khng nht thit phi tho mn cc c tnh k thut ca nh ch to. Gi tr in p (p sut) thao tc ti thiu theo gi tr nu trong Bng 2-26-1. Bng 2-26-1. in p (p sut) thao tc ti thiu ca GCB
Hng mc in p ng ti thiu in p m ti thiu p lc ng ti thiu (ch p dng cho truyn ng kh p lc) p lc m ti thiu (ch p dng cho truyn ng kh p lc) Tiu ch 75% in p iu khin nh mc 70% in p iu khin nh mc 85% p sut nh mc 85% p sut nh mc
(3) Ba pha khng ng thi Thi gian ng v m ba pha khng ng thi phi c o c v kim tra p ng cc quy chun trong Bng 2-26-2. Bng 2-26-2. Tiu chun i vi ba pha khng ng thi ca GCB
in p danh nh Nh hn 110 kV 110 kV v ln hn Tiu chun nh hn 0,006 giy. nh hn 0,004 giy.
28
(1) o in tr cch in ca cc ng dn s cp Phi s dng mgm met c in p 1000 V o in tr cch in gia ng dn s cp vi t, gia cc pha, cc in tr cch in khng thp hn 1000 M. 29
(1) o in tr tip xc ca mch s cp ca GIS Phi o c v kim tra cc in tr tip xc ca mch s cp m bm cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. V nguyn tc, phi tin hnh o i vi tng tip im. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp khng th o tng tip im c lp do cu to ca GIS, c th thc hin o tt c tip im trong mt mch. (2) o in tr tip xc ca tip im ph in tr tip xc ca tip im ph phi c o v kim tra theo ng yu cu k thut ca nh ch to. 3. Kim tra kn ca h thng kh nn iu ny ch p dng i vi cc GIS c c ch truyn ng bng kh nn. Phi o, kim tra m bo r kh theo quy nh ca nh ch to hoc nh hn 3% sau 12 gi k t khi c ch truyn ng c np kh ti p sut nh mc. 4. Kim tra thit b d mt kh Phi o v kim tra p sut sau y theo ng yu cu k thut ca nh ch to: - p sut kh SF6 khi my d khi ng cnh bo v kho vn hnh GCB. - p sut kh SF6 khi cnh bo v kho vn hnh GCB c ci t li. 5. Phn tch kh SF6 Ch phn tch kh SF6 t nht mt ngy sau khi np kh. Phi o, kim tra m kh SF6 i vi tng ngn kh m bo thng s k thut ca nh ch to. 6. Kim tra vn hnh ng m dao cch ly
(1) Kim tra ng m bng tay Phi kim tra chc chn khng c s bt thng no trong dao cch ly bng cch m v ng ba ln bng tay thao tc hoc nt bm ti hin trng. (2) Kim tra vn hnh ng m Phi kim tra chc chn khng c s bt thng no trong dao cch ly bng cch m v ng ba ln ti in p (p sut) nh mc bng iu khin t xa. 7. Kim tra cc thit b chng st Phi tin hnh kim tra cc thit b chng st theo cc mc kim tra c quy nh ring trong iu 38. 30
(1) o in tr cch in ca cc ng dn in s cp Phi s dng mgmmet c in p 1000 V o in tr cch in gia s cp vi t, gia cc pha v gi tr in tr cch in phi khng thp hn 1000 M. (2) in tr cch in ca cc mch iu khin in tr cch in ca mch iu khin v t phi c o bng ng h o in tr c in p 500V, gi tr in tr cch in khng thp hn 2 M. 2. Kim tra vn hnh ng ct
(1) Kim tra ng ct bng tay Phi kim tra chc chn rng khng c s bt thng no trong VCB bng cch ng ct ba ln bng tay thao tc hoc nt bm ti hin trng. (2) Kim tra vn hnh ng ct Phi kim tra chc chn rng khng c s bt thng no trong VCB bng cch ng ct ba ln ti in p nh mc bng iu khin t xa.
31
(1) Thi gian ng m tip im Phi o c, kim tra thi gian ng m tip im, m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. (2) in p vn hnh ti thiu Khi khng t in p vo mch s cp, phi thay i in p ca cun dy in t v o in p nh nht khi VCB hon thnh qu trnh ng ct. Khi , c tnh tc ng - ct ca VCB khng cn tho mn c tnh k thut ca nh ch to. Phi kim tra m bo rng gi tr in p ng ct nh nht o c khng vt qu gi tr trong bng di y. Phi o, kim tra in p ng ct ti thiu p ng c cc tiu chun trong Bng 2-28-1 sau y. Bng 2-28-1. in p ti thiu ca VCB
Hng mc in p ng ti thiu in p ct ti thiu Tiu chun 75% in p iu khin nh mc 70% in p iu khin nh mc
(3) Khng ng thi ba pha Phi o, kim tra thi gian ng m khng ng thi ba pha m bo tho mn theo thit k hoc cc tiu chun nu trong Bng 2-28-2 sau y: Bng 2-28-2. Tiu chun khng ng thi ba pha ca VCB
in p danh nh Nh hn 110 kV Ln hn hoc bng 110 kV Tiu chun Nh hn 0,006 sec. Nh hn 0,004 sec.
(4) Thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph Cc thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph phi c o v kim tra p ng cc tiu chun ca nh ch to. 32
(1) in tr cch in ca cc ng dn in s cp in tr cch in gia ng dn s cp vi t, v gia cc pha phi c o bng mgm met in p 1000 V, gi tr in tr cch in l khng thp hn 1000 M. (2) in tr cch in ca cc mch in iu khin in tr cch in gia mch iu khin vi t phi c o bng mgm met in p 500 V, gi tr in tr cch in khng thp hn 2 M. 2. in tr tip xc bng dng in mt chiu
(1) in tr tip im chnh (s cp) OCB Phi o, kim tra cc in tr tip im s cp OCB m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. Phi o tng pha. (2) in tr tip im ph Phi o, kim tra cc in tr tip xc ca tip im ph, m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. 3. Kim tra vn hnh ng ct
(1) Kim tra vn hnh ng ct bng tay Phi kim tra chc chn khng c bt thng trong OCB bng cch ct v ng ba ln bng tay thao tc hoc nt bm ti hin trng. (2) Kim tra vn hnh ng ct Phi kim tra chc chn khng c bt thng trong OCB bng cch ct v ng ba ln in p (p sut) nh mc bng iu khin t xa. (3) C ch t ng ct Phi kim tra chc chn OCB ct ngay lp tc v khng ng tr li nu lnh ct c a ra trong qu trnh ng my ct. m bo OCB c th ng tr li khi nhn ng thi lnh ng v ct b hu b. Cc OCB khng c c ch t ct khng cn lm. 4. Xc nh thng s ng ct
(1) Thi gian ng v m tip im, v tc ng - ct Phi o thi gian ng m tip im i vi OCB cho tt c cc cp in p. Phi o tc ng m cho tt c OCB cao hn 35 kV. C hai php o phi c kim tra, m bo cc thng s k thut ca nh ch to. 33
(3) Thi gian ng v m khng ng thi ba pha phi c o v kim tra m bo tho mn cc tiu chun nu trong Bng 2-29-2. Bng 2-29-2. Tiu chun khng ng thi ba pha ca OCB
in p thng Nh hn 110 kV Ln hn hoc bng 110 kV Nh hn 0,006 sec. Nh hn 0,004 sec. Ch tiu
(4) Thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph Cc thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph phi c o c v kim tra p ng cc tiu chun thit k. Trong trng hp thit k khng quy nh tiu chun th kim tra p ng cc tiu chun ca nh ch to. 5. Kim tra du cch in Phi kim tra du cch in trc khi v sau khi vo OCB. Cc ni dung kim tra phi ph hp vi quy nh i vi du my bin p. 6. Kim tra my bin dng in kiu s xuyn Bin dng kiu s xuyn phi ph hp ng cc mc kim tra bin dng in xc nh theo iu 29. 34
(1) o in tr cch in ca phn dn in s cp in tr cch in gia phn dn in s cp vi t, gia cc cc cn c o bng mgm met 1000 V kim tra gi tr in tr cch in khng thp hn 1000 M. (2) o in tr cch in cc mch iu khin Phi o in tr cch in gia cc mch iu khin vi t bng mgm met c in p 500 V, gi tr in tr cch in o c khng thp hn 2 M. 2. o in tr tip xc bng dng in mt chiu in tr tip xc ca cc tip im mch s cp cn c o v kim tra c p ng cc yu cu k thut ca nh ch to. 3. Kim tra thao tc ng ct
(1) Kim tra thao tc ng ct bng tay Phi kim tra chc chn rng khng c s bt thng no trong dao cch ly bng cch ng ct ba ln bng tay thao tc hoc nt bm ti ch. (2) Kim tra thao tc ng m t xa Phi kim tra chc chn rng khng c s bt thng no trong dao cch ly bng cch ct v ng ba ln ti in p (p sut) nh mc bng iu khin t xa. 4. Thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph Cc thi im tc ng ca cc tip im ph phi c o v kim tra p ng cc tiu chun ca thit k. Trong trng hp thit k khng quy nh tiu chun th kim tra theo tiu chun ca nh ch to. 5. Kim tra kha lin ng Kha lin ng gia li chnh ca dao cch ly v li ca dao ni t cn c kim tra m bo kha lin ng hot ng theo yu cu k thut ca nh ch to. iu 35. Cc hng mc kim tra my nn kh 1. Kim tra ng h o p sut Cn kim tra chnh xc ca cc ng h o p sut p ng cc yu cu k thut ca nh sn xut. 2. Kim tra van an ton Cn m bo cc van an ton tc ng khi p sut kh hay p sut du tng ti mc p sut cho php ti a ca bnh cha. 35
37
(1) Th nghim mch th cp - o in tr cch in: ng in mch xoay chiu trong bng iu khin (mch my bin dng in v mch my bin in p) v kim tra - Hot ng ca ng h o v rle bo v. - o cng sut mang ti. - Trnh t tc ng trong mch xoay chiu. (2) Th nghim mch xoay chiu (Th nghim m phng) Phi xc nhn c tnh hot ng ca rle bo v khi to s c m phng bng cch thay i nhanh mc dng in xoay chiu hoc dng in mt chiu t vo. V phi 38
(1) o in tr cch in Phi o in tr cch in tng hp ca c thit b chnh ln thit b lin quan c ni qua cp iu khin k c phn u kp. (2) Kim tra thao tc ng ct Phi kim tra tn hiu ng ct c ch th h thng iu khin ng theo thit b ng ct hot ng m khng gy ra hin tng bt thng no. (3) Kim tra kha lin ng Phi kim tra thit b ng ct hot ng theo ng iu kin kha lin ng. (4) Kim tra thit b rle bo v v kim tra tn hiu cnh bo Phi kim tra thit b rle bo v v thit b iu khin c u ni ng vi thit b s cp, v phi kim tra tc ng ca tn hiu v cnh bo v s c ph hp vi tc ng ca thit b rle bo v hoc thit b iu khin. 6. Th nghim tng hp mch my bin in p
(1) o in tr cch in Phi kim tra cch in ca cp iu khin v bng iu khin c cch in (khng c ngn mch v chm t) vi iu kin mch ni t c tch ra. (2) Kim tra cc tnh Phi kim tra cc mch th cp ca my bin in p c ni vi cp iu khin ng theo thit k. (3) Kim tra t s bin i t in p trn mch s cp ca my bin in p, o in p v gc pha ti u kp th nghim trn bng iu khin ni vi mch th cp kim tra t s bin i v cch ni gia my bin in p v bng iu khin l ng. 39
(1) o in tr cch in Phi kim tra mch tng th cp iu khin v bng iu khin c cch in (khng c ngn mch v chm t) vi iu kin mch ni t c tch ra. (2) Kim tra cc tnh Phi kim tra cc mch th cp ca my bin dng in c ni vi cp iu khin ng theo thit k. (3) Kim tra t s bin i t dng in vo mch s cp ca my bin dng in, o dng in v gc pha ti u kp th trn bng iu khin c ni vi mch th cp kim tra t s bin i v cch ni gia my bin dng in v bng iu khin l ng. (4) o cng sut mang ti Phi o cng sut mang ti tng hp bao gm bng iu khin v cp iu khin khi a dng in nh mc (5A hoc 1A) vo mch th cp ca my bin dng in kim tra cng sut mang ti tng hp ng theo tr s thit k. (5) Kim tra u ni Trong khi thc hnh kim tra t s bin i mch th cp ca my bin dng in c ngn mch ti u kp pha my bin dng in, cho dng in vo mch s cp ca my bin dng in v phi xc nhn ch th ca ampe k trn bng iu khin gim v khng, kim tra u ni my bin dng.
40
Chng 5
M c 2
NG DY TRN KHNG
iu 42. o in tr cch in Cn kim tra m bo ng dy c cch in tt bng cch o in tr cch in ca: pha vi t; v pha vi pha. Cc tiu ch cch in cho php o ny nh sau: 1. 2. Khng nh hn 4 [M] pha so vi t; Khng nh hn 8 [M] pha so vi pha.
iu 43. Kim tra Pha Phi kim tra th t v ng v pha ca ng dy. iu 44. Kim tra in p chu ng tn s cng nghip Cn kim tra cch in ca ng dy bng cch t in p lm vic thng thng trong thi gian 10 pht.
M c 3
NG DY CP NGM
iu 45. Kim tra bng mt (kim tra tuyn) Cn kim tra cng trnh xy dng c hon thnh tun theo ng cc yu cu thit k k thut v cc quy chun k thut. 41
M c 4
THIT B TRM BIN P
iu 50. Kim tra bng mt 1. Trng thi lp t ca thit b c th to ra h quang in Cn kim tra khong cch an ton gia cc thit b c th pht sinh h quang in nh my ct v dao cch ly vi cc vt d bt la. 42
44
Chng 6
KIM TRA NH K M c 1
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 57. Quy nh chung Vic kim tra ny phi c thc hin nh k bng mt v o lng nu cn thit, duy tr s lm vic bnh thng ng thi ngn chn cc ri ro c th xy ra vi li in. iu 58. Tn sut ca kim tra nh k Tn sut kim tra phi c n nh theo quyt nh ca ngi c trch nhim qun l thit b, nhng chu k ngn nht phi c gii hn trong vng ba nm. Vic ko di hay rt ngn chu k kim tra phi c xem xt v n nh bi ngi c trch nhim qun l thit b da trn biu cc s c thc xy ra vi thit b. Chu k kim tra ny phi c quyt nh bi ngi c trch nhim qun l thit b.
M c 2
NG DY TRN KHNG
iu 59. Cc hng mc kim tra Hng mc v ni dng kim tra nh k c trnh by trong bng sau. Bng 2-55-1. Hng mc kim tra nh k ca ng dy trn khng
Hng mc kim tra Thn ct thp Cc ni dung kim tra Cn kim tra khng c bt thng no, v d nh s thay i hnh dng, nt gy, g, cu kin ca ct thp, bng cch quan st t mt t. Cng cn kim tra xem bulng hay vt c b ri, lng, g khng. Cn kim tra khng c bt thng no, v d nh nt gy v h hng, trn thn ct b tng. Cng cn kim tra thn ct b tng khng b nghing t mt t. Cn kim tra khng c nhng bt thng, v d nh h hng b tng mng, b xi l/vi lp do st t ct. Cn kim tra khng c nhng bt thng ca dy no, nh chng dy, g, t st cp. Cn kim tra khng c nhng bt thng, nh g, h hng v t. o in tr tip t gi tr quy nh cn c m bo.
Ct b tng
Mng Dy no Thit b ni t
45
S cch in
Dy dn in, dy tip t
Hng ro, li bo v
B chng rung
M c 3
NG DY CP NGM
iu 60. Cc hng mc kim tra cp ngm Phi kim tra khng nh rng khng c bt thng nh tnh trng ph kin khng ph hp, nt v, thay i hnh dng, n mn, phn c nh b lng, r r du (i vi cp OF), hng hc thit b lin quan, tng i tng ca qu trnh kim tra c nu trong bng di y. Bng 2-56-1. Hng mc kim tra i vi cp
i tng kim tra (1) Cp (bao gm c phn cp ch gp khc) (1) R du. (2) Nt, gin n, thay i hnh dng. (3) Tnh trng cong ca cp. (4) Thay i hnh dng ca cp ch gp khc. (5) Khong cch vi cc cp khc. (2) u ng (1) Tnh trng ca thit b ngn nc. (2) Nt, g st. (3) Tnh trng lp t. (4) R nc. Ni dung kim tra
46
iu 61. Cc hng mc kim tra u cp Phi kim tra m bo khng c bt thng nh trng thi ph kin khng ph hp, nt v, thay i hnh dng, v, phn cng gi c nh b lng, r du (i vi cp OF), hng hc thit b lin quan, tng i tng cn kim tra c nu trong bng di y. Bng 2-57-1. Hng mc kim tra i vi u cp
i tng kim tra (1) u cp (bao gm c a kim loi mng gn cng) Ni dung kim tra (1) Lng u ct. (2) Nt, v, g. (3) Thay i hnh dng. (4) Bulng lng. (5) Ri hoc ri hoc bc mu bng pht hin nhit. (2) V chng nc (1) Nt, g. (2) Thay i hnh dng. (3) Tnh trng tt. (4) R r hp cht hoc du.
47
48
iu 62. Cc hng mc kim tra hp ni cp Phi kim tra m bo khng c bt thng nh trng thi ph kin khng ph hp, nt v, thay i hnh dng, mn, phn cng gi c nh b lng, r du (cho cp OF), cc hng hc vi thit b lin quan, tng i tng cn kim tra c nu trong bng di y. Bng 2-58-1. Hng mc kim tra i vi hp ni cp
i tng kim tra (1) Hp ni cp Ni dung kim tra (1) R hp cht hoc du. (2) Nt, v, gin n, thay i hnh dng. (3) Khim khuyt phn c bo v bng ch. (4) Ting ng bt thng, qu nhit. (5) Khim khuyt u ni v van semi-stop. (6) Tip xc. (7) Dch chuyn. (8) sch. (2) Cp (bao gm c phn cp ch gp khc) (1) R du. (2) Nt, gin n thay i hnh dng. (3) Thay i hnh dng ch gp khc. (4) Khong cch vi cc cp khc. (3) Phn gi v cch in cho cp (4) Thit b chng vng (5) Kp ni (ch i vi cp OF) (1) Nt, g. (2) V tr lp t, tnh trng lp t. (3) Bulng lng. (1) Nt, g. (2) Tnh trng c nh. (1) Nt, g. (2) Tnh trng lp t. (3) Bulng lng.
49
iu 63. Cc hng mc kim tra thit b cp du Phi kim tra khng nh rng khng c bt thng nh tnh trng ph kin khng ph hp, nt v, thay i hnh dng, mn, phn cng gi c nh b lng, r du (i vi cp OF), hng hc thit b lin quan, tng i tng cn kim tra c nu trong bng di y. Bng 2-59-1. Hng mc kim tra thit b cp du
i tng kim tra (1) Thng cha du (2) ng h o du, ng h o kh (2) Nt, g. (1) R du, r kh. (2) Nt hoc v mt knh. (3) C ng sng khng. (4) Tnh trng van. (5) Gi tr hin th chnh xc. (6) o in tr cch in. (3) ng th (1) Nt, v. (2) Thay i c tnh ca du, du i mu. (3) Cht ht m i mu. (4) Tm thp (1) Nt, bn. (2) Thay i hnh dng. (3) Bulng lng. Ni dung kim tra (1) R du, r kh.
50
iu 64. Cc hng mc kim tra thit b phn tch du cch in ca cp du (OF) Mc ch ca vic phn tch ny l nhm duy tr chc nng ca cc thit b ca cp du v ngn chn cc h hng c th xy ra. Qu trnh phn tch bao gm vic phn tch kh b phn hy, phn tch m trong du, v phn tch cc c tnh in. 1. Phn tch kh b phn hu Khi du cch in hay giy cch in b nhit phn, cc kh d chy s c sinh ra v kh nng cch in do b suy gim. Mc ch ca vic phn tch ny nhm xc nh s suy gim kh nng cch in. Cc kh c s tng quan vi cc hin tng bt thng sau y c p dng nh nhng tiu chun nh gi. 51
TCG: L tng lng kh ca cc kh c nh du * k trn Vic nh gi s suy gim kh nng cch in c th c tin hnh cn c vo lng kh Axetylen (C2H2) v tng lng kh d chy. Bng 2-60-2. nh gi s suy gim kh nng cch in cn c vo lng kh sinh ra
Danh mc qun l v gi tr tiu chun nh gi Tnh trng nguy him i vi kh nng cch in C nh hng ln n kh nng cch in C nh hng n kh nng cch in C nh hng nh n kh nng cch in Axetylen (C2H2) [ppm] 50<C2H2 10<C2H2<50 10<C2H2<50 0<C2H2<10 0<C2H2<10 0 0<C2H2<10 0 Tng lng kh d chy (TCG) [ppm] --2 000<TCG TCG<2 000 10 000<TCG 100<TCG<10 000 1 000<TCG<10 000 TCG<100 TCG<1 000 Bin php x l
Cn phi sa cha ngay lp tc Cn tip tc gim st v c k hoch sa cha thch hp tu theo kt qu thu c Cn tip tc gim st v xut k hoch sa cha nu thy cn thit Thc hin vic kim tra lin tc
2.
Phn tch m ca du Hi m xm nhp vo cht cch in ngm trong du ch yu bm vo giy cch in v gy nh hng rt ln n kh nng cch in. Mc ch ca phn tch l nh gi s suy gim kh nng cch in. Phi tin hnh nh gi s suy gim da trn m trong du cch in nh m t trong bng di y:
52
Gi tr
Nh hn 1%
3.
Phn tch c tnh v in in tr sut khi v gc tn tht in mi c la chn phn tch c tnh in ca du cch in. in tr sut khi c s dng nh gi kh nng cch in ca du cch in, v gi tr suy gim c xem xt ti khi du cch in khng cn tinh khit do c s xm nhp ca hi m v vt cht t bn ngoi trong qu trnh thi cng. Gc tn tht in mi tng ln khi c s xm nhp ca hi m lm cho m ca giy tng cao. Gc tn tht in mi cng tng ln khi du cch in khng cn tinh khit do c s xm nhp ca vt cht t bn ngoi trong qu trnh thi cng. Mc ch ca vic phn tch ny nhm nh gi s suy gim kh nng cch in. Phi tin hnh vic nh gi s suy gim da trn c tnh in nh m t trong bng di y.
M c 4
THIT B TRM BIN P
iu 65. Cc hng mc kim tra my bin p 1. Kim tra bng mt Cn kim tra xem my bin p c cc bt thng nh r r du, g, nt gy, lng cc b phn vt ren,... 2. o in tr cch in cc cun dy Phi tin hnh theo ng nh iu 27. 53
4.
Phn tch kh ho tan Nhng bt thng bn trong my bin p ngm du thng do nhng nguyn nhn qu nhit bn trong, v nhit ny gy ra s phn r nhit ca vt liu cch in v cc loi kh d chy c to ra. Mc ch ca phn tch ny l nhm chun on nhng bt thng ca my bin p bng cch phn tch loi v hm lng kh b ho tan trong du cch in. Lng kh c pht hin, p dng theo tiu chun ca ca IEC 60599 (1999-03), "Thit b in tm du khong ang hot ng - Hng dn din gii phn tch cc kh ho tan v t do"
Bng 2-61-2. Tiu ch phn tch kh b ho tan trong my bin p ngm du [ppm]
Loi kh Hm lng H2 (Hydrogen) 60 C2H2 (Acetylene) 3 C2H4 (Ethylene) 40 CO (Carbon Monoxide) 540
5.
Kim tra b iu p di ti
(1) Kim tra c ch iu khin bng ng c a) Kim tra mch iu khin - Sa cha tip xc ca cng tc t. - Kim tra ch vt ren ca u cc. 54
(1) Kim tra qut mt, bm du tun hon, bm nc tun hon lm mt - Kim tra bng mt, lm sch. - rung. - Du cung cp... (2) Kim tra bng iu khin (gm cc rle v kho chuyn mch) - Kim tra cc rle, b nh thi gian v kho chuyn mch. - Kim tra vt ren ca cc u cc. - Lm sch bng iu khin... 8. Kim tra hot ng ca thit b cnh bo v ch th Cn phi kim tra hot ng ca cc loi cnh bo v ch th ca my bin p bng cch kch hot b pht hin v mch cnh bo. 9. Kim tra hot ng ca thit b bo v Cn kim tra hot ng ca thit b bo v bao gm nhng thit b pht hin s thay i t ngt ca p sut du, lung chy ca du, p sut kh, v.v... khi h hng xy 55
(1) o in tr tip xc ca mch nht th VCB Phi o in tr tip xc gia cc tip im ca VCB, v gi tr o c khng vt qu tiu chun k thut ca nh ch to. (2) o in tr tip xc ca tip im ph Phi o in tr tip xc ca tip im ph, gi tr o c khng vt qu tiu chun k thut ca nh ch to. 57
6.
Kim tra vn hnh ca rle p lc Ch th nghim vi OCB c h thng kh nn. Phi kim tra khng nh p sut rle c tc ng chnh xc cnh bo v kho thao tc ca OCB.
58
59
Phn III
CC NH MY THU IN
Chng 1
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 74. Gii thch t ng Ngoi cc t ng c gii thch nu ti iu 3, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau. 1. 2. Vai p l phn b p ca pha thng lu lng ni m p c xy dng ta vo n. Van kh l van dng a khng kh vo v x khng kh ra khi ng ng p lc m bo an ton khi x v np nc ng ng vi mt vi iu kin trong thi gian vn hnh. Loi cng trnh l cp cng trnh quy nh trong Quy chun xy dng TCXDVN 285:2002 (Quyt nh s 26/2002/QD-BXD ngy 28 thng 8 nm 2002 ca B Xy dng). p l cng trnh nhn to ngn v chuyn hng dng nc ca sng. Chiu cao p c xc nh t cao trnh thp nht ca h mng n nh p. Cc p khng phi l p thu in khng quy nh trong quy chun k thut ny. B p lc l thit b iu tit c t ti ch tip ni gia phn u tuyn nng lng khng p v phn tuyn nng lng c p (nh ng ng p lc) iu chnh s thay i lu lng tng ng vi s vn hnh ca nh my thy in. Cng trnh tuyn nng lng u mi l cc hng mc c xy dng trc tuyn nng lng ly nc t sng, h t nhin v h cha. Thng thng, cng trnh tuyn nng lng u mi bao gm cng trnh ly nc, cc ca ly nc v cc b x bi lng. Thit b c kh thy lc l cc thit b c kh ph tr ca cc cng trnh thu cng nh cc ca trn, ca ly nc, ca x, v cc van hoc ca ca cng trnh x h lu trong quy chun k thut ny. Cc van vo thuc loi thit b c in. Cng trnh nhn nc l kt cu nhn nc, thng thng c xy dng pha trc tuyn nng lng v pha thng lu. H cha a mc ch l h cha c t hai mc ch s dng tr ln nh chng l, pht in, giao thng thy, ti tiu, cp nc
3. 4.
5.
6.
7.
8. 9.
60
61
Chng 2
62
Chng 3
64
My kch thch (tr cc my ngoi l bn di) Ngoi l 1: My kch thch ca ng c ng b (k c ng c ng b cm ng) c cc cun dy kch thch ni t hoc khng ni t trong lc khi ng.
Un: in p nh mc Ef: in p kch thch iu 81. o khe h khng kh o khe h gia cc cun dy ca stator v rotor trnh va chm v h hng. Cc im o phi khng di 8 im i xng theo ng knh ca phn u ca cun dy trn v di gia stator v rotor. m bo khe h khng kh bo v chng va chm gia stator v rotor. (o gi tr max.-min.) / Gi tr trung bnh 10 % iu 82. Gc tn tht in mi v dng hp th o Tg xc nhn cc c tnh ban u c cc cun dy Stator. Gc tn tht in mi (Tg) th nghim c thc hin bng phng php cu Schering. Thc hin o t in p 2 kV n in p nh mc. o dng in hp th c thc hin bng mgm mt DC 1000 V. Gc tn tht in mi (Tg) phi nh hn 3%. Ch s phn cc (PI) phi khng nh hn 2,0. 65
Chng 4
Chng 5
KIM TRA NH K M c 1
TNG QUAN
iu 99. Cch thc ca kim tra nh k Ngoi cc khon quy nh ti iu 4, kim tra nh k i vi cc cng trnh thu cng v cc thit b ph tr phi c thc hin theo cc hng mc sau. 70
iu 100. Mc thng xuyn ca kim tra nh k 1. 2. V nguyn tc, kim tra nh k phi c thc hin ba nm mt ln hoc lu hn i vi tng nh my thu in. C quan c thm quyn c th rt ngn khong thi gian gia hai k kim tra nh k v quyt nh thi gian cho ln kim tra tip theo vi trng hp kt qu kim tra ca ln kim tra nh k cui cng thuc cp D trong Bng xp hng 3-26-1. 3. Trc khi tch nc h cha, Ch cng trnh phi kim tra cc cng trnh thu cng v cc thit b c kh thu lc lin quan da vo quy chun k thut ny v nm vng cc thng s ban u ca cc thit b v cng trnh . Kt qu kim tra ny phi np cho c quan c thm quyn ti ln kim tra nh k u tin. 4. Ln kim tra nh k u tin phi c thc hin trc thi gian thc hin cc quy nh sau: - Mc nc h t mc nc cao. - Mt nm sau khi bt u vn hnh. 5. Ln kim tra nh k th hai v cc ln tip theo s c thc hin theo cc khong thi gian quy nh ti on 1 ca iu ny. 71
M c 2
P
iu 101. Tng quan An ton p phi c nh gi mt cch ton din khng ch qua kim tra bng mt thng m phi qua c s liu quan trc v c tnh hot ng ca p, nu c. Ngoi vic kim tra trn p, phi kim tra k lng s thch hp ca cc thit b o v cc thit b lin quan trong t kim tra nh k. iu 102. p b tng Cc yu cu sau y phi c thc hin m bo s n nh v an ton ca cc p b tng. 1. Biu hin b ngoi
(1) Khng c hin tng ln v chuyn v ngang khi kim tra quan st bng mt nhn dc theo nh p. (2) Khng c hin tng xi mn mnh do dng nc c th nh hng n an ton p xung quanh vai p. (3) Khng c cc vt nt mi pht trin hoc ang pht trin c th nh hng n an ton p trn p v trong hnh lang kim tra ca p. (4) Khng c hin tng phong ha l r trn b mt ca p do phn ng t hp kim hoc do cht lng nc h cha. 2. Thm thu v thm
(1) Thm thu t cc khp ni ca p b tng v t cc l khoan tiu nc gim p lc y ni phi n nh tng ng vi hoc bin i nh i vi mc nc h v nhit , tr giai on qu ngay sau khi tch nc vo h. Nu t l thm thu qua cc l khoan tiu nc mng p th phi kim tra k s gim t l thm thu ny khng lm tng p sut y ni. (2) Khng c biu hin ca mch xi ngm trong mng p khi kim tra c ca nc r v nc thm thu t cc l khoan tiu nc. 3. S chuyn dch
(1) Chuyn dch ngang ca p phi tng ng v n nh vi mc nc h v nhit . (2) Thy r rng khng c s chuyn v bt thng hoc bt quy lut so vi cc kt qu trc y ghi c bng thit b quan trc hoc kho st. 4. p lc y ni
(1) Khng c cc vt nt l r xut hin nh hoc mi p p. (2) Khng c cc hin tng trt, xi mn, h st hoc ln bt thng xut hin cc mi ca p p. (3) Khng c trng bt c loi thc vt no trn nh hoc trn cc mi tr cc loi thc vt c quy nh c th trong thit k. 2. Thm thu v thm Thm thu t p v mng phi n nh hoc thay i mt cch hp l ph hp vi lng ma, mc nc h cha, mc nc ngm v s ngng tr thm thu theo thi gian. iu khon ny p dng i vi cc p p c b tr cc thit b o thm thu. 3. Bin dng
(1) S ln ca p p phi mc bin dng rt chm dn ti s vng chc, ngoi tr hin tng ln nhiu trong giai on u; (2) Bin dng theo phng ngang ca p p phi n nh sau khi mc nc h ln u tin t ti mc nc cao, tr cc chuyn dch n hi nh. 4. p lc nc v dng chy
(1) p lc nc v dng chy bn trong vng chng thm ca cc p p v mng ca chng phi tng ng v n nh vi mc nc h, hoc gn nh khng i ngoi tr giai on qu ngay sau khi tr nc vo h. iu khon ny p dng cho cc p p c lp cc thit b o p sut nc ti phn chng thm trong mng ca chng. (2) Mt nc ngm trong vai p p phi hu nh n nh c tnh n lng ma v s thay i mc nc h cha. iu khon ny p dng cho cc p p c lp cc ng h o mc nc ngm vai p. 5. Cc p khc Trong trng hp v tr p trong khu vc d bo c mi hot ng, s tn ti ca t mi trong phn t ca p p phi c kim tra nh k bng quan st cn thn hoc bng thit b ph hp nh radar xuyn t. Ngoi cc iu khon trn, phi tun th cc yu cu sau i vi tng loi p 73
(1) Khng c h hi mt chng thm thng lu do ln phn p. (2) Khng c phong ha c th e da kn nc ca mt chng thm. (3) Khng c s gia tng ng k lng thm qua mt chng thm khng ch ti thi gian kim tra nh k m c trong qu trnh vn hnh. Ngoi ra, trong trng hp p c li chng thm hoc p t ng nht c p dng cho cc nh my thu in tch nng, th n nh mi thng lu phi c duy tr ph hp vi s dao ng nhanh mc nc h cha. iu 104. p trn Cc yu cu sau y phi c thc hin m bo chc nng n nh, an ton v tin cy bn vng ca p trn. 1. 2. 3. 4. Phi khng c nhng vt cn nh ci, rc, c cy v cc t trt l sinh ra v cn li sau l nhng phn tip cn v knh x ca p trn. Phi khng c xi mn nghim trng mt x trn m bo an ton ca p trn v mng ca n. Phi khng c s xung cp ca b tng ca p trn trnh xi mn qu mc hoc s mt n nh v kt cu. Phi khng c cc vt nt nghim trng hoc cc mnh v trong b tng ca p trn trnh tri cc mnh vt liu nh pha sau cc tm b tng, xi l, cc vt nt hoc s mt n nh v cu trc ca mt dc trn v thnh ca p trn. 5. Phi khng c s mt thng hng hoc bin dng ca dc trn v thnh ca ng trn. Nu pht hin nhng bt bnh thng ny th phi iu tra cn thn cc nguyn nhn, phn loi v loi b cc nguyn nhn v phi sa cha nhng bt bnh thng m bo an ton kt cu v dng chy ca nc. 6. Phi khng c nhng dch chuyn tng i nghim trng nh cc khe h hoc dch chuyn cc khp ni trnh xi mn qu mc do xm thc. 74
M c 3
TUYN NNG LNG
iu 105. Tuyn nng lng c p 1. Phm vi p dng Tuyn nng lng c p sut c th c s dng nh ng hm dn nc vo, ng ng p lc v ng hm dn nc ra... Theo quan im v kt cu, cc loi ng dn nc sau y hoc s kt hp gia chng c p dng lm tuyn nng lng: (1) ng hm khng lt (2) ng hm lt b tng (3) ng hm lt thp (4) ng ng p lc bng thp (5) ng ng p lc bng cht do gia cng iu khon ny p dng cho kim tra nh k i vi cc cng trnh nu trn. Ngoi ra cc yu cu k thut v cc van kh v cc tr ng ng p lc cng c quy nh ti iu ny nh nhng cng trnh ph tr quan trng. i vi ng ng p lc bng cht do gia cng, cht do c ct bng si (FRP) hoc cht do c ct bng si v va (FRPM) c quy nh trong ti liu ny. 2. ng hm khng bc lt Phi thc hin v kim tra bng mt nhng yu cu sau i vi ng hm khng bc lt: (1) Khi xung quanh ng hm phi n nh, khng c to ri trong ng hm. (2) Phi khng c xi mn nghim trng trong ng hm khng bc lt. (3) Phi khng c bi lng gy cn tr dng nc chy trong ng hm. 3. ng hm bc lt b tng Phi thc hin v kim tra bng mt nhng yu cu sau i vi ng hm bc lt bng b tng: 75
(2) Mt trong ca ng ng p lc bng thp a) b) 6. Khng c hin tng n mn, l r v xung cp qu mc thnh ca ng p lc v cc mi hn; Khng c hin tng xung cp hoc cc khim khuyt qu mc trn lp m ngoi ca b mt thp. ng ng p lc bng cht do gia cng bng cht do gia cng. a) 76 Phi khng c r r t cc ch ni;
M c 4
CC CNG TRNH PH TR CA TUYN NNG LNG
iu 107. Ca ly nc v ca x Cc yu cu sau y phi c thc hin i vi ca ly nc v ca x m bo s an ton bn vng v chc nng ca chng: 1. 2. Khng c cc h hng, bin dng, nt v cc xi mn qu mc ti cc kt cu ca ly nc v ca x. Khng c bi lng hoc cc chng ngi khc c th lm cn tr dng chy pha trc ca ly nc v ca x
iu 108. B lng Cc yu cu sau y phi c thc hin i vi b lng m bo s an ton bn vng v chc nng ca n: 1. 2. 3. Khng c cc h hng, bin dng, nt v bo mn qu mc c th nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca b lng. Cc thit b x bn ct trong b lng phi hot ng hiu qu nh c thit k. Khng c hin tng bi lng qua mc b lng c th lm cn tr dng nc chy trong b lng. iu 109. Thp iu p v b p lc Cc yu cu sau y phi c thc hin i vi thp iu p v b p lc m bo s an ton bn vng v chc nng ca chng: 78
M c 5
NH MY IN
iu 111. Kt cu ca nh my in Phi thc hin cc yu cu sau i vi nh my in: 1. 2. Khng c cc bin dng, cc vt nt l r v thm thu qu mc cc kt cu b tng nh tng ngm hoc nn mng ca nh my in. Khng c cc bin dng, cc vt nt v h hng l r cc tng hoc ct cc cu trc.
iu 112. Cc tr bng Phi thc hin cc yu cu sau i vi vm v cc tng bn ca nh my in ngm v cc hm ph tr ngm. 1. 2. 3. Phi khng c cc bin dng hoc cc vt nt l r b tng lt hoc b tng phun c th nh hng n s an ton ca cc hm ngm. Cc u no hoc bu lng phi khng b ri ra. Phi khng c thm thu qu mc c th gy ra s mt n nh c hc ca khi bao quanh hoc vt qu kh nng thot cho php. 79
M c 6
THIT B C KH THY LC
iu 114. Ca v van 1. iu ny p dng cho cc loi ca v van sau:
(1) Ca trn (2) Ca ly nc (3) Van v ca ca cng trnh x (4) Cc ca iu khin b p lc (5) Cc ca ht (6) Cc ca x 2. Phi thc hin cc yu cu sau y i vi cc ca v van. C th kim tra bng cc s liu vn hnh v bo dng ti t kim tra nh k: (1) Phi xc nhn cc van hoc cc ca vn hnh trn v bnh thng. (2) Khng c s xung cp, h hng hoc bin dng l r trn cc o ca ca v cc khung dn hng. (3) i vi cc lp m trn b mt thp phi khng c s xung cp hoc khim khuyt qu mc. (4) Phi duy tr kn nc i vi cc ca v van. iu 115. Thit b nng chuyn cnh ca van Phi thc hin cc yu cu sau y i vi thit b nng chuyn cnh ca van. C th kim tra bng cc s liu vn hnh v bo dng ti t kim tra nh k: 1. 2. Cc thit b nng chuyn phi chuyn ng trn tru. Cc thit b nng chuyn phi lm vic bnh thng vi ngun cp in bnh thng v ngun cp in d phng. 80
M c 7
H CHA V MI TRNG SNG H LU P
iu 118. n nh mi dc 1. Phi chc chn khng c cc du hiu st trt hoc l t c th nguy him n tnh mng v ti sn xung quanh h cha v lm h hng nghim trng p. 2. Phi chc chn khng c du hiu st hoc l t mi dc do vic vn hnh cc nh my thy in m c th gy nguy him cho cc c s, thit b ca nh my in, ti sn v tnh mng khu vc h lu ven sng. khu vc h lu m ch nh my phi chu trch nhim v an ton ca cng ng lin quan vi cc hot ng pht in th phi c s tho thun trc ca c quan c thm quyn. iu 119. Bi lng trong h 1. Khi c l, mc nc l bt thng tng ln do bi lng c th gy thit hi cho cng ng xung quanh ca ly nc v pha thng lu h cha. phng trnh nhng thit hi ny, phi khng c bi lng qu mc nhng khu vc . 2. Phi khng c s bi lng nghim trng c th gy nh hng nguy him cho p. Phi thc hin kim tra bng cc s liu kho st mi nht v bi lng. 81
M c 8
CC THIT B O
iu 121. Tnh trng v tnh nng hot ng ca cc thit b o 1. 2. 3. Phi khng c nhng h hng nghim trng cc thit b o v cc kt cu lin quan. V tr t thit b o v cc kt cu lin quan phi an ton v n nh, v vic o khng b cn tr do c bi lng nghim trng. Cc thit b o phi lm vic chnh xc v c bo v mt cch chn chn trc cc s c thin nhin hoc s c do con ngi. iu 122. Hiu chnh thit b 1. Vic hiu chnh thit b chnh thc phi c thc hin i vi cc thit b o dng theo di v quan trc hot ng ca cc thit b v cc iu kin t nhin lin quan. iu khon ny phi c p dng i vi cc thit b m s hiu chnh chnh thc l bt buc. 2. i vi cc thit b o khc, tr cc thit b o c m t on trc, phi kim tra s hot ng bnh thng ca cc thit b o bng cch so snh kt qu o ca chng vi cc kt qu o c lp khc nu c th p dng.
M c 9
CC THIT B IN
iu 123. Mc thng xuyn ca kim tra nh k Mc thng xuyn ca kim tra nh k c quy nh da trn s nh gi ca ngi c trch nhim v thit b. Tuy nhin, khong thi gian gia hai ln kim tra nh k c th ko di hoc rt ngn v kim tra c thc hin ti mt thi gian n nh khc vi khong thi gian quy nh ny nu nh vic xem xt tnh trng thc t ca thit b l thch hp v cp trn c thm quyn ph duyt. S ko di hoc rt ngn khong cch thi gian kim tra nh k phi do ngi c trch nhim v qun l thit b xem xt v nh gi.
82
iu 124. H s kim tra Vic thc hin cc yu cu v lp ti liu quy nh trong Chng 1 Phn VI Quy chun k thut Tp 6 phi c kim tra ti cc t kim tra hon thnh v kim tra nh k. iu 125. Kim tra bn ngoi Phi kim tra cc hng mc sau: Bin dng, nt, g, mt mt v lng cc bu lng v cc u ni, bc mu, hng cch in, mn vnh phanh, o khe h, ting n, rung, nhit , r r du, thm nc t ng ng v van, v nhng bt thng khc. iu 126. o in tr cch in Trong khi lp t thit b in, xc nh cch in, trc v sau khi th nghim in mi, cn tin hnh o in tr cch in. Thit b o l Mgm met hoc thit b o khc tng ng c ngun in DC gn trong. in p hiu chnh l 500 V hoc 1000 V i vi thit b h p (mch kch thch...) v cc mch h p v 2500 V cho thit b v mch in cao p c in cao p. Cc gi tr o phi tho mn cc yu cu k thut v lp t, c tnh, vt liu, kt cu v cng sut ca nh my in. 83
84
i tng th nghim Khi khi ng my bng cc cun dy kch thch ngn mch hoc ni qua in tr c gi tr bng hoc ln hn 10 ln in tr ca cun dy hoc bng cc cun dy kch thch trn mch h c hoc khng c cng tc chia t trng. 3 - Cun dy Stator ca my pht in ng b khi lp rp stator c thc hin ti cng trng (i vi my pht thu in, sau khi hon thnh lp rp cun dy v cch in cc u ni).
Nu c th th trnh lp li th nghim, nhng nu phi th nghim trn mt nhm my in v thit b ni in vi nhau th tng my, thit b ny trc phi tri qua th nghim in p chu ng, in p th nghim i vi cc my, thit b ni vi nhau phi bng 80% ca in p th nghim thp nht ph hp vi tng loi thit b ring ca nhm. in p chu ng phi l cc gi tr quy nh trong mc 2. 1000 V + 2Un (min.1500 V)
My kch thch (tr cc my ngoi l bn di) Ngoi l 1: My kch thch ca ng c ng b (k c ng c ng b cm ng) c cc cun dy kch thch ni t hoc khng ni t trong lc khi ng.
Un: in p nh mc Ef: in p kch thch iu 128. o in p dc trc xc nhn cch in ca trc, phi o in p dc trc. Th nghim ny phi c tin hnh th nghim c tnh bo ho khng ti. in p c o bng ng h o in p k thut s trn 3 im gia trn v t, gia di v t, v gia trn v di. in p dc trc phi c o in p pht nh mc. c tnh c duy tr trong gi tr thit k.
85
(1) Bnh xe cng tc - Kim tra nt - Kim tra xm thc - Kim tra kn cc vnh chn. (2) Trc chnh Phi kim tra s g, ni lng ca cc bu lng v trc. (3) trc - Phi kim tra s nhim bn ca du v lm sch du. - Phi kim tra b du v mc du. (4) Np tua bin Kim tra s ni lng ca cc bu lng, c, s h hng ca tm lt, kn chn cnh ca iu tit. (5) Bung xon Kim tra s trc sn, cc phn hn, kn l kim tra. (6) ng x Phi kim tra s h hng, g, kn ca l quan st. (7) C cu vn hnh cnh ca iu tit Kim tra cc cht chung. Kim tra khng ph hu, kim tra cc h hng. Kim tra vn hnh cnh iu tit v xc nhn tnh nng hot ng ca n. p sut ca servo motor phi c o bng ng h o p sut trong khi thc hin hnh trnh ng v m. - o thi gian hnh trnh m v ng ca servo motor v c tnh ng ca servo motor. - Chn kn du trc chnh. - Kim tra r r ca vnh chn. - Kim tra khe h ca cnh v bn cnh. 86
88
Phn IV
NH MY NHIT IN
Chng 1
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 134. Gii thch t ng Ngoi cc t c gii thch ti nu ti iu 3, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau v p dng cho Phn IV. 1. Cc yu cu k thut: Cc yu cu k thut l cc yu cu phi t c v mt k thut i vi cc thit b v bao gm cc quy chun c p dng cho mi giai on thit k, ch to v lp t cc thit b nh my in, nh cc quy chun quc gia, quy chun quc t, quy chun ca cc t chc hoc quy chun ca cc nh sn xut. 2. c tnh k thut: c tnh k thut l cc ti liu v/hoc bn v m t cc thng s ca thit b.
Chng 2
T CHC V TI LIU
iu 135. T chc Vic thc hin cc yu cu v t chc quy nh trong Quy chun k thut in Tp 6 Vn hnh nh my in v li in Phn II phi c kim tra ti cc t kim nh hon thnh v kim nh nh k. iu 136. Ti liu Vic thc hin cc yu cu v lp ti liu quy nh trong Chng 5 Quy chun k thut in Tp 6 Vn hnh nh my in v li in phi c kim tra ti cc t kim nh hon thnh v kim nh nh k.
89
Chng 3
M c 2
THIT B C NHIT
iu 138. Tng quan v kim nh hon thnh Kim nh bng mt v bng o c thc t khng nh rng vic xy dng v lp t cc thit b in c thc hin ph hp vi c tnh k thut ca thit b v p ng yu cu k thut v tnh trng lp t, c tnh k thut, vt liu, cu to v cng sut ca thit b in. i vi c tnh k thut, vt liu v cu to thit b c th chp nhn ti liu kim nh lu li t trc. iu 139. Th van an ton Phi thc hin th van an ton bao hi, van an ton qu nhit... 1. Kim tra trng thi lp t... Kim tra bng mt cc c tnh ca van an ton nh: kiu van, p sut tc ng v nng sut thot hi ghi trn nhn van Quan st v tr lp t, s lng v trng thi lp t van an ton. 90
(1) m bo rng tn hiu cnh bo xut hin ti gi tr chnh nh bng cch cho hot
(1) m bo rng tn hiu cnh bo xut hin ti gi tr chnh nh bng cch cho hot
(1) m bo rng tn hiu cnh bo xut hin ti gi tr chnh nh bng cch cho hot
(1) T ng khi ng bm du ph ca tua-bin Thc hin th nghim t ng khi ng bm du ph khi p sut u ra bm du chnh thp hoc p sut du bi trn trc thp. Th nghim ny c thc hin xc nhn rng bm du ph t ng khi ng ng tr s ci t v khng c hin tng bt thng no trong vic khi ng khi s dng van th nghim trong qu trnh vn hnh khng ti tua-bin hoc th nghim bng p sut thc t gim thp khi ngng tua-bin. (2) T ng khi ng bm du s c Thc hin th nghim nh i vi bm du ph. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp khng to c hot ng thc th thc hin th nghim trong qu trnh ngng tua-bin. Cc lin ng phi hot ng theo trnh t c t trc. ng thi, mi tc ng ca lin ng phi c tn hiu cnh bo v ch bo nhn bit bo v tc ng. 5. Lin ng cp than Vn hnh h thng nhn v cp than v m bo rng cc thit b lin quan n h thng nhn v cp than c ngng an ton bng cch cho tng thit b bo v hot ng thc t hoc theo tn hiu m phng u vo cho mi thit b bo v. Cc lin ng phi hot ng theo trnh t c t trc. ng thi, mi tc ng ca lin ng phi c tn hiu cnh bo v ch bo nhn bit bo v tc ng. 93
M c 3
CC THIT B IN
iu 147. Kim tra bng mt 1. Kim tra ni t Kim tra bng mt thng khng nh dy ni t c ni vi thit b. 2. Cc bin php i vi phn c in Kim tra thng qua ti liu hoc kim tra bng mt thng khng nh rng phn mang in ca thit b c in p khng nhn vin d tip cn. 3. Thit b bo v Kim tra bng mt khng nh rng cc thit b bo v my pht v my b ng b c lp t ng. (1) Qu dng hoc s c chm t xut hin ti mch xoay chiu c in p cao hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p cao hn 750 V. (2) Qu dng xy ra my pht in. (3) S c ni b xy ra ti my pht c cng sut 12 MVA. (4) Mn nghim trng hoc tng nhit trc tua-bin c cng sut > 10 MW. (5) S c ni b xut hin ti my b ng b c cng sut 12 MVAr. iu 148. o in tr ni t o gi tr in tr ni t ca nh my in bng thit b kim tra in tr, nh thit b o in tr ni t hin th trc tip hoc tng t. i vi h thng ni t dng li, c th o gi tr in tr bng phng php in p thp. Gi tr in tr ni t phi khng ln hn 10. iu 149. o in tr cch in o in tr cch in ca mch xoay chiu c in p thp hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p thp hn 750 V c bit cn thit (v d mch kch thch my pht) v ton b mch xoay chiu c in p cao hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p cao hn 750 V. i vi mch xoay chiu c in p cao hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p cao hn 750 V, phi thc hin o in tr cch in trc v sau th nghim bn cht in mi. 97
iu 150. Th nghim bn cht in mi Tin hnh th nghim in p i vi mch xoay chiu c in p cao hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p cao hn 750 V theo ch dn trong Ph lc ph hp vi in p lm vic ca mch v thit b. Sau khi t in p th nghim lin tc trong thi gian 10 pht, m bo khng c bt thng i vi cch in trong sut qu trnh th nghim. iu 151. Th nghim thit b bo v i vi mi thit b bo v di y, tin hnh th nghim bng cch m phng cc chc nng ca rle hoc theo vn hnh thc t rle. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bo v t ng ct mch do qu dng hoc s c chm t trong mch xoay chiu c in p cao hn 600 V hoc mch mt chiu c in p cao hn 750 V; Bo v t ng ct my pht in c cng sut 12 MVA khi qu dng; Bo v t ng ct my pht in c cng sut 12 MVA khi s c ni b trong my pht; Bo v t ng ct my pht in c cng sut > 10 MW khi gi tua-bin hi mn nghim trng hoc tng nhit ; Bo v t ng ct my b ng b cng sut 12 MVA khi s c ni b trong my b ng b. My ct lin quan, thit b bo s c, thit b cnh bo ca my ct phi vn hnh tt. iu 152. Th nghim thit b bo v i vi kh hydro v h thng du chn Tin hnh th nghim ny theo cc mc sau trong qu trnh ngng tua-bin my pht. 1. tinh khit kh hydro gim thp m bo rng b ch th s c v cnh bo tinh khit kh hydro thp xut hin thng qua my o tinh khit kh hydro hoc m phng chun xc. 98
Chng 4
KIM NH NH K M c 1
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 158. Quy nh chung 1. Kim nh nh k phi c thc hin pht hin cc h hng, bin dng, n mn v nhng hin tng bt thng ca cc thit b nh my nhit in nhm xc nhn tnh trng thit b v kh nng vn hnh nh k sau khi bt u vn hnh thit b. 99
M c 2
THIT B C NHIT
iu 160. L hi 1. Bao hi (k c bnh x khi ng tt) Kim tra bng mt trong bao hi v thc hin th nghim thm thu pht hin vt nt cc mi hn (sau y gi tt l PT) thn bao hi sau khi tho ri mt s b phn ly hi cn thit. Khng cn tho ri b phn ly hi c hn vo bao hi. 2. Bao nc Kim tra bng mt bn trong bao nc v thc hin PT vi cc mi hn thn bao nc sau khi tho ri cc thit b cn thit bn trong nu c. Khng cn tho ri vi cc thit b bn trong c hn vi bao hi. 3. ng gp Kim tra bn ngoi ng gp v ai nng ng gp. Chn t nht 2 ng gp i din kim tra bn trong. Khng cn d b vt liu bo n p trn ng gp. 100
(1) ng sinh hi Kim tra bn ngoi ng sinh hi trong bung la. Nu khng p dng cc bin php chng mi mn, cn phi o dy ca ng ti cc im in hnh ca ng m c nguy c mi mn cao ngoi tr trng hp l hi s dng nhin liu t l du, kh hay dch en. Vi l hi s dng nhin liu t l dch en, o dy ng tng i vi cc ng khng c lp bc, gin gio dng n mc ai chy. Vi l hi s dng nhin liu t l dch en, o dy ng phu chy x ti cc v tr in hnh. (2) ng qu nhit, ng qu nhit trung gian, ng hm nc Kim tra mt ngoi ng qu nhit, ng qu nhit trung gian, ng hm nc. Nu khng p dng cc bin php chng n mn, cn tin hnh kim tra bng cch s vo cc ng qu nhit, ng qu nhit trung gian, ng hm nc, ngoi tr l hi s dng nhin liu t l du, kh v dch en. Nu khng p dng cc bin php chng n mn, o dy ca ng qu nhit, ng qu nhit trung gian, ng hm nc, ngoi tr l hi s dng nhin liu t l du, kh, dch en. 5. Van an ton Kim tra bng cch tho van an ton chnh v van xung lc iu khin ca bao hi, b qu nhit, b qu nhit trung gian. Th nghim tc ng: Tng p sut hi n p sut thit k hoc ln hn ri iu chnh tnh nng hot ng thc t ca van an ton. Th tc ng ca van c thc hin sau khi lp ghp hon chnh tr li. Th hot ng ca van cng c th thc hin bng phng php thu lc. 6. Van hi chnh, Van cp nc chnh ca l hi Trong trng hp xy ra n mn ln ti thn v mt tnh ca van, tho van v kim tra. 7. Bm tun hon ca l hi Kim tra bn ngoi bm tun hon. Nu cn thit, cng c th tin hnh kim tra bng tho bm. Th hot ng bm tun hon ca l hi. iu 161. Thit b ph ca l hi 1. Bm cp nc Kim tra bn ngoi bm cp, nu cn c th tin hnh kim tra bng tho my. Th hot ng bm cp nc. 101
iu 164. Tua-bin kh (t trong) 1. My nn cung cp kh t v cc thit b ph tr Thit b ph tr ca my nn kh t trong l thit b cung cp kh t nn vo tuabin kh tu theo thuc tnh ca my nn kh (1) My nn kh Tho ri v kim tra: nu vic tho ri kim tra c tin hnh nh k th ty theo thuc tnh ca thit b, tin hnh kim tra mun hoc sm khi thy cn thit. Th nghim bng cch vn hnh (2) B nhn kh, b lm lnh kh, b tch du. Kim tra bn ngoi b cha... (3) Van an ton Kim tra bn ngoi van an ton. Tho ri v tin hnh kim tra khi cn thit do mn nghim trng thn van, mt tnh, ui van, mt lm kn van (mt gng). 103
M c 3
THIT B IN
iu 168. My pht in v my b ng b 1. B gi Kim tra bn ngoi v kim tra sau khi m np: Kim tra h hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. 2. B lm mt kh, lm mt khng kh Kim tra bn ngoi v kim tra sau khi m np: Kim tra h hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. 3. Stato Kim tra bn ngoi v kim tra bng tho my: (1) H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. (2) R r du, r r nc. (3) o in tr cch in ca cun dy. (4) o in tr cch in ca thit b o nhit . 107
(1) V my Kim tra bn ngoi: kim tra bng tho my: h hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. 108
(3) Rto Kim tra bn ngoi/kim tra bng cch tho my: a) b) H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn; o in tr cch in ca cun dy.
(4) Hp chi than Kim tra bn ngoi v bn trong: a) b) H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn; o p lc ca chi than.
(5) Gi Kim tra bn ngoi v bn trong: a) b) c) H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn; R r du; o in tr cch in v tr t gi v vt cch in.
(6) B lm mt khng kh Kim tra bn ngoi/kim tra bng cch tho my: a) b) H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn; Sit cht bulng.
(7) B chnh lu silicon Kim tra bn ngoi v bn trong: a) b) 2. H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn; o dn in v in p c ch nh. My kch t xoay chiu (khng chi than)
(1) V my Kim tra bn ngoi/kim tra bng tho my: H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. 109
(3) Stato
(4) Rto
(6) Gi
iu 170. H thng kch thch (kiu kch thch c lp) 1. V my Kim tra bn ngoi/kim tra bng tho my: H hi, ph hu b mt v trng thi lp t ca mi b phn. 110
Hu Ho
113
Ph lc
KIM TRA BN IN MI
Vic kim tra bn in mi c th c tin hnh bng cch t mt in p th ln mch in chnh (i vi my ct trng thi ng). Phi kim tra khng nh rng khng c hin tng bt thng xy ra bng cch t in p th trong vng 10 pht nh trong bng di y. Bng ph lc I-1. in p th nghim chu ng
Cp in p [kV] 3 6 in p th nghim [kV] 4,7 9,4 13,1 10 9,6 19,6 15 14,4 20 35 26,1 45,7 Din gii 1,5 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (3 * 1,05) [kV] 1,5 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (6 * 1,05) [kV] 1,25 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (10 * 1,05) [kV] 0,92 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (10 * 1,05) [kV] 1,25 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (15 * 1,05) [kV] 0,92 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (15 * 1,05) [kV] 1,25 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (20 * 1,05) [kV] 1,25 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (35 * 1,05) [kV] H thng ni t Cch ly Cch ly Cch ly H thng ni t trc tip Cch ly H thng ni t trc tip H thng ni t trc tip Tt c
110
1,25 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (110 * 1,05) [kV] 0,64 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (220 * 1,05) [kV] 0,64 ln in p vn hnh ln nht (500 * 1,05) [kV]
220 500
114
115