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2012 / jGH 10

AdG be dCe W jQG HdG GQdG OYCG

,VG VJ jdG da .Ic IH gQhOh
cdG ac FdG cQG Md eH S
AfG Md K .YVhCG H HdG dG OGeG Yh
Hh ,jjdG hCG G dG AdG QM
dG eCGh .Ad e fc Se Y GOGJQG
,jFGG IQdG H M e Gg{ :GgL j Oa
.zJaQ e BGh OMH L e ZdG Y
eG Jh .iNCG GUCG J ,zeSG fEG{
Y jh ,ja Mh Fcd IFdG H jQdG
dH gh .zehO j e Gg{ :dG e M c
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f b dG QG f
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IOY J ?jJ Qj eh ,UCG J bM g
Cch ,j dG dG e TdG CGjh ,SG g
dH dc d fCG YRCG .jH Y HLG
id Mh H ,ddG hCG FdG dG ,dG Yd
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c ,gh . FShh dh jdhCd j g
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2012 / jGH 11

hJ ,e zf{ Y adG G FdG hG :aGfG

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J Y Gc aOf aGfG Ggh .bGdG S
b J g H ,HdG dG jdG dCG
eSEH G J H e IOhG ,IFdG jG
Mh IGhd edG OH IG iNGh ,Je
Vh GhOCG GDS a i``NG dCG ``eCGh .fG
gh ,Gd fdG FSdGh ,dG Ve GG
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dG Lg H ,gLh QGe Y G G h
J jW Ia .fCG AdG G dG IOYEG G
,AdG fi ,SdG dch ,Afh LQ ,MdG
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J fG ,gG d .Ad G G aCG Y
gh ,jdG dCa .H UG YVG fEH
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dfG T e Jh HdG G Ic SM
c Yeh T UN G dP Oj h .e
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QdGh dH Y H Je g H ,jo
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H dG e dG g e J jdG
g zGdG { Y dGh ,YGh dG FGdG
jQdG dG QKCG d .WdGh YLG QdG RG
H OYCG Ggh . GRG g GNCG J CH eCG
LQG Y gh .ee fc dG eGdHh dH dG
.U H AdG M dCe HQ R T
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G J ,NG GOG a ,jdG Gh
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j H zdG GMCG{ hCG FdG fGb QGbEG +
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eG e Hh FdG G bMh ,dG Y
eY AdG J M S ,Gh``dG N G
ITe VGe c gh ...FdG Y jo NO GhP
ffb jQGSG H bdG e Jh ,cjdG dG
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HUh Y H jW S cG g CG
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da jQG GQdG eCGh .Fb GR e dh ,b Tf
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2012 / jGH 12

 gG G GS N n Jo (eh YL
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hJh .G dG (Jc hCG) M J +
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FS HdG Gg ,fMCG jf ,GUCG VQJ M
H IAc Y G J i``NCG GUCG a ,daGh
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fdG dG cM CG f CG Y jCG gh .ICGG
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FGd Y SCdG G G ICGeG 47 SGH Ua
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hP NBGh eSG G MWG g QJn h .J
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G OhG J AdG de CG Me h
Me e jJ gh ,Lhd L e G
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e a Z e LhG dG c
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c ,FW W e aGO fRGH SG Ve
!eZ Ghd IOGhW M e Yf AdG fc d
gGS Y ffdG dG W Me h
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jQ hCG/h L H IjG HG ISG fhe J
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g e aGj ,Fb GR e jdG SDdG CG dP .gOH e
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2012 / jGH 13

 zjOdG{ AdG Yh H dG Y c J ,fK

dG jQJjdG e OY KK Y a ,GdG eCGh

GNCGh ,Gje GQMh ,ic hM KKh ,UN H
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dch HdG dG Vb hCG Y ,H MWG
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c a .G eJ cG M ch dG
gGe Y dG H bGdG c Y j fe ffb
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eRG Y dG j e hCGh ,dG g FdG Y
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e UG dG ec cJ YG Mh .a
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HG e YG ,VG e gGSh gh
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S HT Ve J ech .Ob be e LdG
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e fYEG g ,ICG``G NG eQ fG Vj
VG b CG ?UG H eGdG hCG T
dJh SW GMH cdG cQe j
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e NH G G b g e ?IFdG dG
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d J M g .gH e Ya G Gg
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2012 / jGH 14

cGh ,(fdG e GdG fG b fc eGh)

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gh .G S QcdG ,dG b c zWGdG
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IhdGh dG cM Y aGTEG QGSH jd
,Ad e a d ReH HCG f gh .SJh
j e gh ,AYdG GNCG hCG H hCG Lhd EG
bh .zgAf{ UH dh a
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Y QJ OLh QGSG J G a iOCG GM
e d dh .dG H NCH ,Qj hCG Gdh
c j SdG FdG f CG cdG dG af
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GQGb NGO j AdG c CG jCG cdGh
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GJ QSG SGH hCG ,GQGdG J Y jf
.bM hCG gQ Y be zJOGQEG{ Y

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N K ,GjEG e dG d dG GdG a
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LdG Z jGdG Ve
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b Y QGSH J HGd Ye K ,G
e Qe hCG Qfl Hh dY IJH SG Ggh .8IG
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J e e ,VdG Gd fGb S G fdG jf
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G jQJjQc eG c bh .9dG bdGh dG
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2012 / jGH 15

eYG bGe Y AGdG J hCG FGdG fhG e

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Gh .XdGh dGh LdG H eY hGJ
CG AdH Vj fCG UG J c H G
Y j fG ,jG ac Yh ,Ie c j
C ,L MG JHh !dG Y ASG
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L G QYG IOYEG eG j ,dG g ?AGS M
e OY ShCG cQe J ``ghCG :zG{ e
Me GeCG dP QYGh ,j jCG ,dG G AdG
e hCG Ff NCJ d M Gd GQOEG e j LfG
gGe dG G cQGh QG .Le GQ
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c QJ AfG Y gQLG Yh AdG Ge bS
Y UG G a ?NBG S e g dh .Ie
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.dO N GQdG fH dG j eh .gd
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jn H ,G dG Sj je G ah ?gY
,e S LQe jh G DhdG
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2012 / jGH 16


f QdG ,jYdG fi ,fdG dG j
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dTEGh L Y ObdG H 2010 Y hCG fc
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.Y dG
QU X c ,S dN L UCG dHh
ZdG dG ,jdG jJ zJ{ ch MG
jJ aQ ISCa .gG gG Veh JSC
G jd jNBG AGN GfG Y UCGh jdG
2012 / jGH 17

dG GgCG J
q CG jCGQ HUh YH IS
jGh G M CG ,IQdG g dM QhJ dG
.g/H dG
jG IdG IQb Y gGHEG IS gH dc
dG OYG dG G cfd dG Y
,G Qe J e a d JJ CG jG jHCG
e dh ,1952 Y G Y dG ASG e hCG
.Y SdG dG e jG jG dhdG SCJ
d VJ dG G jQdG c CG IS J a
Y a .e jW jQJ d VG QGPBG/SQe
J fch ,Hd SQe HRCG aG 1832
,dG dG Oe dG e GOhfi GOY q J SQG
SQG J Le c SQG e LJ idh
dG d WdG bCG c J j
ADg fc AdG Iah SCG jd aVEa .YdG
bj JdG dG Y dH e G
.jQY e cCd WdG bCG EG LdG e HQbCG
zedG FKdG QGO{ XG WdG S h
dGh ,J dG jQJ J dG jdG
Ge IQdG AZ Lh{ e Vh GQY Y
(GH d CG) K ``Lh{hCG ,zIje Ie e (Gc)
.zb e r n eh
CG jCG QJ bh ,dP c IS QJ b
jG dG SDG e gZ e SQG J
EG J J Y SdG dG SCJ dG
J fc e QH ,ICGG H dH e ,QG f
WGe OLCG Y jG dhdG b MEG EG
e jG dhdG Ea ,G GHh .JGQeh
q
J ej J h ,jGh jG dhO ej J
.eMCG hCG JZQ J hCG Jd
IVe M dh ,dP c IS QJ b
g Jj dG oG jQdG ac Y dG
m cCG
KCG dH PEG ,G dG dG LGj
Yh .dGh QdGh G Ye c J fCG IS
dH SMEH G jYdG fi dSQ Y
dSQ d gGHEG IS SQCG ,dGh dGh
j fEG J dSQ ,dG dHh eCH e
.eM fG hCG fOLCG Y AGYG gd hCG d
CH MC f dh d e ,fWhCc ,fOLCG EG
.dG H j hCG

TCG KdG Y jJ I dG Y VCG dG S

fe fc e ZdH jY cfi Y VGYG
jQfih G jce VJ GMCG J c ``
.dG LGe

S Qhe Hh ,BG UCG ICGG L CG hj fCG Y

LGG a QhJ dG gCG G g ,IQdG fG Y
fh b dBGh jHCG S e f e e dG e
.gHCHh JH dh IQdG OCGd e
p
fhe Y jQY JQd e AY f a
dh G M gHdG d e jL dhfi
G OL S G ,a jh Y g GDS
G ,AGQRdG eCG jJh zdG S{ q d
CG h gh g IY d VJ dG G dG
hN G ,dG H e Y OhJh dG S
Ige jOGh QGd AdG e BG GY
J c `` gOLCG e G fH GOe ITM
dG IQdG g IQDH ICGG L Vh aCG
.fGYh jM IQd OYCGh
Mh G d gGHEG IS J CG Y
gCG ,jCGQ ,c jQdG c b JVe
Gf a d ``dPh 2011 Y T Q``K Y
G jQ jCG H FdG gGHEG IS Yd
G b QGPBG/SQe a .dG e LGe
gj c jNCG a S e IS Y
M SdG jdG bSh jdG
bh .jQY e dG iYH W Y dG
G dG dP jJ dP H dG G hM
e Fb iYO jCG Y OdG hj c fEG dH
.HZH G a J dG dhG iMEG J b
.fdG e bCG GQY b dP aGYH G C`ch
daC GjJ G j
q M J a IS eCG
J G V Fb iYO aH eb H ,dG
IS c bh .eGc eGh eM fH a
M jW jW BG eeCGh ,VdG MGe hCG
p
b .dH eCG h Y dH b dG bJ
jG ICGG j CG c VJ fC dGO gGHEG IS
d j dG CGh UNh eM d G CG
dG g dG Gg G ,FGQdGh G fc e cfG
dHh .he
x H dG Y QfG e e
2012 / jGH 18

 ..

Qa j h T jY EG dH ,
l c QGK eh
S Id aj dG EG jQOG EGh ,IQdG
YLG gY j EG Y cdG EGh ,dH EG
SCG
q G AY CG e ... ,ja GQbh
.VdG jT jY QWEG ch ,IQdG
GY jdG IGdG jOG GcM{ :c a
c GNGh ,dG FGhCG M G dG c
He GNG K ,jKCG jQdG KdG Ghch
dG
q
dG cOLCG GbMCGh ,IBGG fCG EG GhfGh
b ,HCG EG G cY e Gd fh
jM GhJ hCG jdG JfgEG
q EG GLJ CG
fCG j e ,gV G J dH fch .zdG
.Ic
q ,ICGec zdG jM{ Y
e LCG c{ :JGP LGG HJ ,NBG be h
a ,c M YGQP VCGh ,jdG Ge M
,c je :d bh YGQP MCG CG MbH LQ e
d fCG d bh ,ec SCG eYh .Y J SdGh
.zfHd jNBH JCG ,dG Gg e j CG M e
ja gf M fH LCG c{ ,iNCG Ieh
ch ,IQdG ZCG EG FbUCG e fh ,fJ Y
LQ Wh e IS eJh ,cdG Y fa JQCG
f dG G Y j Gfch .L f
q CG e

M ,jQdG G AY IQU SCG ,JGP fhG

q Y
m
,jCG g mQY ,bG c IdG ,d jU
IQU
.dH hCG JH EG ,MCG gY bj Il QU Jh
J fc dG G IdG fL EG ,JGP jdG
,JGP dG j T
Lho ,jMCGh dG GhGg
l
g eH HV SGh ,Jb eH ba b jL CG M
.JQU HGP JQU d ,YLhCG IdG L
?Y adG j dG zICGG{ g e
dG WGG ,hCG ,HGh LhdGh NCGh CG g
.gH dG IH M LC QJ
J fC ,G Id WGGh TdG fG
j jY
q fCG dG C ,SSCG ,d ,W dG
JLL h ,b Gc HV
o .g e G
LGe Gc bhh ,GedG eCG ,gQT e
NCG dG g dG
d ,IdG a QU ,dG
n
.zICGG{ Y adG YSGh ,bS Y dG
EG b ,ICGd Qfd FdG IgdG LN eYh
G jH b CG ,MCG N .MCG N
w AdG
IgdG cQe IS d fch .MCG N g ,Gj
QdG YdG S IgdG J ,Ged dJ c
ebEG N e ,Jd dG
q
q a , Y eJh
.jH zdhDG{ SQ H e ,dM jCH M
,Gc dP b bh .HGh ,LhdGh ,NCGh ,CG jM
.dCG Y dZh ,dCG Y fMCG
,d j e jCG Lh a G AY eCG
QWEG Y dG Hh ,Gj jG LGe
,d fG qb .fhe
q dG
q Y ,jd JOM
jgG GUCG jcCG eCG ,H G LGhh
...dH Je b c ,d J a aGG
,G
M MO EG zjgG{ aGG S
q

./

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2012 / jGH 19

 SdG
H ,fe Y ,edG dG jH c ,zG{h LdG H f GPEG e cQjh ,H
q
.zAdG j
dGh SdG dH M e J e CG EG .QdG
,jMh OdG e G QR Y b b ,YLGh IQK EG e{ :bdG jT H Nh
.zYLG
,YLG bdG ZU IdG e ASQEGh
.jdGh ,SdGh b da ,MbG dG dG e MCG bj
Lh QY L
a fG ,ITG IQdG eCG qT
.IdG
l
q H bh ,jG e G
.e dG
?c
q
d ,DhdEG j j fc Y dG bJ
.zYLG IQK EG { ,c HdG hdGh ,e
j
q
q ,dGh .H Y Id SdG Y VJ M ICGG M TdG a fCG IQdG `` j
ba M ,e eCG f JQG .G AGQh dGh QNG dG H Y EG ,gLh
dG IQK feEG e dh .dG K f FdG cGh ,jQdG c H hCG ,dG
.d G SQ e fCG dG
qG JeY e jdG LQ NCG ,eCGh dG Y
,SCGd AZ e aGj eh ,INBG .INBG :dG fCG hCG JG ,e INCG HdG J ,dh
m f
fGOEG ,G Oj dh .dG Y G o HUCG SO
q do Fb m M EG hO
c H ,QdG LGe h .QdG
Jh .AdG OLCG Ik Y
m
qM ,idG eh .ia MU Oa FdG G CG eh .e
d Me G fc a .dG
GMCG Ea ,Dhd Yjh HjEG

.
jQdG CG H e dCG j
M GhMJ
q b SdG d ,SdG
.
e qdGh ,T l jM
JHh ,H c YQR GhGdG .e
HZ hCG gOLhh ,UN QN
IadGh ,H fQe Iac G
eGdG OSa Gh

G
LdG
eC
G
.G
IQY
.Y be CG
q
q
dG j gh ,b a .EG VCc ,AdG Y HZ d ,zG{ J IdG J CG U
,G LQh dG LQ e jdG LQ dh .Gc QK dG ,jQdG c fCG e Gj g G Y
fi Y FdG OY Kj dhO YGb SQCGh NCGh CG{ IQd fU QK a .gV f G
EG Y e gOY Yjh ,N H a hG dh ,zAGLEG YG YGdG{ V ,zHEGh LhdGh
jGh ,FGY jGh ,FGY dG H M ,NBG
.H dG
OdG j GQfG
q
jOa Yj
q e Y ,G c ,Gh ,G IH J ,jQdG c eo ,eY e ICGG L dh
.EG M Ib NBG SH ,jo ,d H ,zG{ H j dG jQdG J IN
,Gc jGh ,a Gh ,bGh dG H ,Ggh
.L IOSH ICGG M U e
.YT IdGh e cCG d ,e c jf ,AdG C ?GP
Y OdG J fC ,Y MdG
Rj M J
.G zT{
q
.iNCG feEG j
gDhfh e H fc ,eY HQCG e
q
,a T e YCG OGdG Y G OS
jJe `` k T YQGT cCG h `` YQGT
b a ,L bCGh ,Ga bCG H ihdG Jh
j FdG dG fch .zL e{`dG
q
,jG hc e
G
q
q H ,SSCG G cJ e fch .H dG gG eCG ,FdG Njh
a zAZCG{ eCG .zdG{ GdCG e AJ H N hO e ,HdG QG H ,cjQc bGdG
Y Ljh ,ec JjM a zSQ{ ,cc J dG G
q ch .e SSCG Y d fgEG LJ
GhdG AH d j dG aG H G EG b{`d j ,gDhfh dLQ d jh ,c CG
Y IOdG JH ,j H ejh ..zYH GQfCG{ h dCG IMGdG GH gNj{`a ,zM H fc
m e
!LC IOdG R ,UN GQN ,HS eR
...ch ,ch ,ch .zc Sd j
m
OdG VCGh ,dOG Y SdG bZCG ,Ggh
j mY EG H ODj CG Gc e
e bjo ch
2012 / jGH 20

JCG .J dh ,bGh gh ,e SG zPhdG{

G AY L c e ,f Lhh ,d adG
eh ,JCG c fe f CG zQGc LGh{ J
Y f CG zQGc LGh{ J G IdG Y c
.dG cG
,jQK
e j GQdG aCG e AT g
q
e eY HQCG H ,gh .g c fEH fc
c ,SCGh G q J EG ,IQdG .U H ,dG
?dG J
,QGG Y Qe M IQU dGREG S g
?H j dG gdG UCG Y aG
T a j YEH jhJ M LN eY
fU G LG zQfG{ ,ehQ HH a Y gRCG
gH gRCG e cG M ,jdG G d
a IN fc J .zgCG P Z{ fc ,VG
Zh
,c dG zH{ V ,jQK
q
:VH J La ,f e CGJ jQJjQc SH
Y GOhP J CG G SH c .zdG SQ EG{
NCG dG
MCG dG dG CG EG ,zSEG{
q
g :G H gCGbh ,aG G S e IQdG
,dG Y dG be j ?TdG gCj T J
j c G AY IQU e .dG j
q h
dG .Yj dh ,Td gCG jT YVe
.G e ibCG dG .dG J CG e zcCG{
LdG b M Y ,jh ,GY AG j
ac Y ,IAGOQ bCG IH j d ,fdG
H ,YG c g Y ij dh ,jG
,Gc dG j ,IQdG q eYh .W
S Y ,afi dG JCG d GPe .H Gh
?OdG SQCG YLG
,dG aG J Y LQC
m H J dG c
SSCG G qcJ jOa GQOe J LQC
l J
.Y adGh ,H cd eQ NBG EG Jh ,jH
HG a ,jQK H JAGb LQCJ gh
.Gh
G dGh dG e OY Y VfG
q
MQW ,d bK ,Fe H b ,gMh e ,gh
HdG QdG Y HZ d .GdG Y dG
q
p jo CG LQC

J
fC
G
Y
,Ye
j
iNC
G
l
LQC
l J gh .ge e IQdG bS Y jY
e ,JQU J ,za dG{ j ,FQ j CG
m
.QGUH j FM
Y ,jL QWEG ,Mh

Im NBH W dEG J dBG e GAL , hG

j ,U dEG a U AL c ,dBG g .jOQh
.SQ EG jh ,H
Y bJh ,zb{ V IQdG J g ,dh
?d zSQ{
,fl ,Mh G jG J ,FdG dOG a
,JQUh ,a ,fR e CGJ IdGh .c
l g H
.OOJ
q j e d aQL jO d ,YQTh
q IQP
q CG
dG jH dd dG j
eY ,dGh
q
h e j a ,h jObG dGY T J
e e :J edG dG ee ,e Oa c NGO
e QK bh ,dAe feEG W e eh ,gq J
L dP GHh .eY d gOLh EG YdG d ,Y
Y ,(jG dh) HdG GQdG YO U
J h ,zdG H{ EG GQT J PEG ,zja{
qb{`H EG cM J
q h ,zdG EG dEG {`H EG d
e
d
Uh
dGh .zOEG{h zbYEG{h zdLdG
q
afi b
l FGdG Qa dG eCG ,YLG Ye hCG
.zbNCG{h ,jO ,GL
J f Y J gGQ jQG dG GQK
.dG GDdG LGJ ,e IQK .SCG
m
m V IQdG S g
AH
qe ,dG e AL
PEG ,BG mJ e WGG j H ,e GQ cCG
m
?a e d
eCj
hd
z
eSE
G
{
JG
V
TdG
QK
,dP
eh
q
q
CG j e GMCG d ,zPT{ fCH dG Y AY

2012 / jGH 21

e a dG G gJ CG QfG BG q M
.dG
H J CG fOCG G
q
q hCG ,Y QL J
d ,GOQGh MG jCG g qj IQdG f MG Cq G Y
p o , CG SdG
dG L
SfG Cq a
o a
q
H ,dq dG gH oG e jh fl Hh HdG
eVh cfi
q j CG c dG IQdG a Cq
BG M
q EG Vj
o f Y j gQ
q h ,H
GJ Qf
q jCq G g L q ,G IQK Y
hO ,e qc jJh V
e
LMG
q Ybh
q
q
W beh jq G
b
e
idG

jQdG
d
J
q
q
Vd e if fq CG bQG .OdG ObG dG
bGdG dH a ,e j fq CG Vj QK
S
q
CG h dG g ,jq G
aM
q
q GY dG
phG
EG LQJh ,GQj

dG
Y
IQ

JQH
J
q q
Qf ,Qf EG jdG jh
,j
o eh gReQh SCG
q dG
q
EG j
dG VG Gg eS q EG j a ,VG
q
M
q EG bCG Y , hj Gd .G OhGjh
o Qe
e a j ,H geCG jQK Yf AGREG fq CG ,BG
geCG hDSh ,JbJh JGJ OedG
q c
J
q EG fl HM J H
q dG YLG IdG
q f Y Sh .q h jQdG
dG W Y
q
YGHEG JGJh d Jh YLG W J
L dGR q XCGh ,jeQh jdh LdjjCGh jah
UY H jQdG
Yq dG Va h .dWCG ShDhQ
q
e ,edG
MdG
q
q
q jCGQ e Sh Jb
e IQdG e Y H bQH QT UNh
,fl
q
CdG jb bj OGaCG CGH dG dG AdG GY
SCG jh fYh
IM
q
q jH Ld Lh dG
j
o dGh ,j e qc jG LdG g Ggh .IjG
q q dG b Gj ,aCG j jL e h
,H

IQdGh qdG H bdG dTEH

q q dG Gg gG
q dG EG dP Ge IQdG e SGh .fJ
,BG M
q EG ,fq CG jCGQh .a Y YdG WCG dG
q CG b Y hCG d G jQK
Yf AGREG
q
jq H
q

J
,VG
e
dG
,dG
d
hC
G
h
q gUe
q
e GPEGh fOCG G
q h ,JGQT M ,dGdGh eGdGh
H f CG dG G b IH
q dG QqJ
MG eh fl MG Y e f .dG
q
KGG J q ,IQdG f MG Y jCG dh ,IQdG
VdG j
CG hCG ,f Y YEG J Uh
q
jM
q G a ,IQY
q Y jG VY OGdG
dG
aM bGdG j CG hCG ,IFK Yf
q
,GQj

dG
q q Y IQhG JQH a jq G
q GY
jh
,j
o eh gReQh SCG EG LQJh
q dG
q
jQK Yf AGREG f Gd .VG Qf ,Qf EG jdG
OedG
q c e a j ,H geCG
HM J H geCG hDSh ,JbJh JGJ
dG W Y J
q EG fl
q dG YLG IdG
q
Y Sh .dG
b dGR fq CG XC
q Gh ,q h jQdG
q
JGJh d Jh YLG W J q f
dGR q XCGh ,jeQh jdh LdjjCGh jah YGHEG
H jQdG
Yq dG Va h .dWCG ShDhQ L
q
,edG
q MdG
q UY
q jCGQ e Sh Jb
e IQdG e Y H bQH QT UNh
,fl e
q
Ld Lh bj OGaCG CGH dG dG AdG GY
.IjG SCG jh fYh
IM
q
q jH
CG ? gUe q M a .Y Yh IQdG Y Y
hCG IQdG eh fl MG Y e fq CG CG ? H
Y hCG d G jQK
q Yf AGREG fq CG hj ? f

2012 / jGH 22

d fc
b YCG dG g jq G
q
q QT aJ dG
NG JCjh ,Ze fq C ,fi
q QhG Gg .IQdG
d j a ,eqdG YJh edG
Wh jQdG a
q
j d G ,H ej
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OHCH qf H GPEa ,dY AfEG g
q hO NBG Qf
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dH
GPE
G
h
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SGb
gcC
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q
o
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a fc e EG J dG
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jdG
Y

J
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b
W
e
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q
q
Hc GQeh
dG
a
Y
IQb cCG dG GQCGh
q
q
;zG e Y L
Hc{
dG
:G p n bp e
q
n
EG IeL J
M
p
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GMG

a
M
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G
QdG
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MO
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dG
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o q dG
SFQ ,jM
q ,jM{
q :jQdG YdG d jq G
q
,fc
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q e ZQh .zIG ie
jdG jq dG
OY fq CG Z ,ffE
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q jOGH Sd
q
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Me
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dh
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SdG
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gHh ,jdG IdH CGJ dG
q
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aGh jObGh YLG FG
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g ,dTCG H ZdG S EG J
q ddG IYdG
a ,Mta-langage qdG `` a d hCG dG Y c
dG d
q d .dG EG IG
q g dEG LM
,HQfi ,ITe UUQ EG ,a EG SG dG
IQdG OJ jj e a Oc M ,HQGe Z
ShCG e j
q Ggh .a ed dfl ,gQe LJh
q
j Qj q da
q .dH ATCG J c
a dG EG j
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UCG c Jo dG VG `` qdG fq EG .GR hH
dG{ :jch IQSGh Rh AjEGh eQ e ZdG
eG ,a a dH j `` zGdG
HY j SG
q
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q
q
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q

{ hG qj bh .gh g FdG UY Y j
j
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aG qdG Y dG c SG
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T fG g .FGH ZUh IQdG MJ dG
V j Ga jG dG e q e eeCG j
dP dh ,eh eR qd dU fq C IH
q dG NCjh
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d jL aCG IQH Y q e gCJ cCG fS IQdG
a CG dG
S J REG gC
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Y eh .eOb dWCa ,d bDG dG Y
FdG Y zOdG{
Y jQJh J iS
q
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CGdG jq Mh
,G jM
q
q ,JQS H L j c
J jCG G e Sh .G``HEGh dGh
.dG S Hq dG C AT c NG Y dG

aQ dG GQdGh edG G H he
q LCG
j EG Uh dCGh S
,fdG q dG Lh
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k
cG SGdG H eCG CG hMCGh .q dG SCGQ hg
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g Ue fl H dG
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w
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fc AGS ,GQT
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Mythologies,Paris,

Seuil, 1957, p. 187.

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Jean-Paul Sartre, in
Franz Fanon, Les

damns de la terre,
prface de Sartre,
Paris, Franois
Maspero, 1961, p.12.

. .

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2012 / jGH 32

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2012 / jGH 34

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2012 / jGH 35

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2012 / jGH 36


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2012 / jGH 37

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2012 / jGH 55

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2012 / jGH 57

Sh ,Ge YS Y fPCG jG dG S
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2012 / jGH 58

G g QGhdG CG iQCG c Gd .YGh IOG

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2012 / jGH 59

 jGH 60 / 2012

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2012 / jGH 61


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2012 / jGH 62

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(Sukarieh &Tannock,
2008).
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. 2008

2012 / jGH 63

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Fuller: 2006, p 4.

2012 / jGH 64

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[2] www.queenrania.
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modulePopup.aspx
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2012 / jGH 65

 jGH 66 / 2012

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2012 / jGH 67

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2012 / jGH 69

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2012 / jGH 70

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2012 / jGH 71

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2012 / jGH 98

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2012 / jGH 99

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2012 / jGH 100

jGH 101 / 2012

 jGH 102 / 2012

 jGH 103 / 2012

 jGH 104 / 2012

 jGH 105 / 2012


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What Situation

Room Photo
Reveals About Us
(CNN, 5 May 2011)

http://articles.cnn.
com/2011-05--5/us/
iconic.photo_i_
black-men-photonational-securityteam?_s=PM:US.

2012 / jGH 106

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Aksi az Jenazeh
Ben Laden/A
Picture of Ben
Laden's Corpse."

http:/neshanesign.
blogspot.com.

Aksi az Jenazeh
Ben Laden/A

J dh ,Jge IQdG
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gJ SdG e Y gf
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Picture of Ben
Laden's Corpse."

http:/neshanesign.
blogspot.com.

http://stevenwarran.
blogspot.
com/2009/06/osamabin-laden-in-cavewith-hooka.html.

2012 / jGH 108

 jGH 109 / 2012

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Hamid Dabashi,

Masters and
Masterpieces of
Iranian Cinema
2007.

:
http:www.youtube.
com/watch?
.v=RWPIPZ70-is

2012 / jGH 110

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zATGh dG{ Hc j
MdG d e H (1966)

:
Jonathan Brown,

Velasquez: Painter
and Courtier (New
Haven, CT: Yale
University Press,
1988: 249).
Michel Foucault,
The Order

of Things:An
Archeology of the
Human Sciences
(New York: Vintage,
1994): 16.

2012 / jGH 111

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Henri Kissinger,

Years of Renewal

(New York: Diane

Pub. Co., 1999), p.
1045.)

2012 / jGH 152

Evron, War

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Albin Michel, 2004.

2012 / jGH 170

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2012 / jGH 176

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2012 / jGH 180


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Y SdG aGh YRG dG o bG e fEG ja .f dSCGdG IOdG hCG IQhdG
edGh JgdGh jdG dG H G j f ,dGh YLGh dGh edG SdG OdG
.fjdG jQGJ e be bhCG zjdG G{h eY Iah G M ODJ ,G jf dGh
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QGdG ,ffEG Lda .cQG bdG LdGh ,dGh BGh jCG GKh ,QGh OQGG aGhQh
Gh jOG jdG RGh n n dG Yh GY c i ,SMCGh ZdGh QdG Jh
j eY Y IQhU LQeh jdGh VGG ffEG zGQdG{ j a .flh ,Y
H LdG Gg j ,dCeh GMGh a dG dG ,QdGh edH ,dG Y hCG J e ,Gh
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2012 / jGH 181

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Y ba jc EG Gg d `` dG Y Gh ,Mh jQG GdG fe ,eh Lfih WGe
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2012 / jGH 182

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bG U e hCG d HdG hCG TGh .a SCGdGh RGLQdG dG Weh jY
IG fEG ib f CG ,f Va .Gg G hCG eCG bY jK h .G fEG dhEGh
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Lh Y Lh zG SCGQ{ MU a f e Y e T ,IjL zSe{ a ,IQGOEGh dGh
dG OdG Sh OYG aCGh dG J JG J zIQdG{ CG iCGQ NBG Th ,afi
Y ,zWCG{ e gZh) SdG MGh dG eh fGh eCG e ,gFGY OJ CG jh ,hCG
AV cQe Me H CGb Ue a b J YG gh .g dEG ,fdGh QLCG
g hCG NG hCG G KCGh .(T zeg{ Y h ,jRGLQdG adGh YLG G Y
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2012 / jGH 183

T hCG H EG Gg hO``G GK zIQ``````Y{ IQ````U

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n oYEGh ,jEGh AfEG a
dGh ,UdG dGh dG ,dG zdG{ ,QG TdG nen MWG CG e hCG Qe Z e
G Y HGhQh Jgh ddG dG He LJ G G VaG dG aCGh G a
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,LJ e dG (MQ hCG) Me J SdG GWG ,jOG YdG gCGh Ic Ge dc
dG zdG{ `H Q ``KhCGh i``bCG HGQ e CG IQdG hCG IQdG SS gh IMdG Vnr G U
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jQdhdG FGdG gCHh ,dG G f aj Wbh RL HJ za{ Y M Hh ,HdG
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fG S dG KdG OdG jQJh .Sh He gh .JGdG eGh YdG HdG QWEG EG dGh
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2012 / jGH 184

G 1848 e) ddGh edG fCG G``MCG h

Qb AGREH JQG ,(cQdG fdGh dG
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J dGh AGSGh QdG Me dh
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jW ``e ,````f````````Jh``dG
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dG G cG jQdGh MTEGh dgEG EG Yjh
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.IHdGh G dG e e gZh

2012 / jGH 185

G c ,cGTG Ad jOG SCG ASQEG JOb

GaS Yb ddG `` da zdG `` cQG{
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pY b jQdGh SdG cQe e
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2012 / jGH 186

fcH QfCG Hh ,Jh bNCG ,FGh SCG IQdG J EG ZhGGh IOYEGh dG Oe dh

FG EG ,GcEGh fG QH HGh AdG S EGh ,YLGh jOG WhT Y VG
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2012 / jGH 191

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2012 / jGH 193

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