tmemyge'DyeD

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um,*wmowd bm0em
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tmemyge'DyeDusr;f rmwdum Ny;D Ny/D
--------- ---------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tmemyge'DyeD
earm w b*0awm t&[awm
ormorK'
/
tbd , mpuES i f h y#d n mOf
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udk emcHvdkygaMumif;ESifhtwefwefyifhzdwf awmif;yefavQmufxm;
tyfonfjzpf rEav;jrKd UawmfoYkd <ua&muf 0ef&Y iS af wmfrif;Bu;D \
tdrOf ;D 3-&uf 3-nOfh wnf;cdak exdik
f 0ef&Y iS af wmfrif;Bu;D ESiw
hf uG
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xufq;Hk pGjJ rt
J m;xkw&f ef tmemygeur|mef; tvkyrf sm;udk xkwaf zmf
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Muonfjzpf rkH&GmjrdKU v,fwDawmausmif;q&m igonf Oy&d
yPmo-tmemygewdow
k f ygVdawmfjrwfukd teuft"dyg ,fEiS hf
wuG tusOf;oacFytm;jzifh azmfjyaytHhownf;/
tbd,mpuESifh y#dnmOf jyD;\/
---------------------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tmemyge ur | mef ; yG m ;rsm;oif h y k H

wd k u f w G e f ; jcif ; Oa,smZOf
tusdK;taMumif;wdkYudk aumif;pGmxifxif odjrifEdkifMu
ukefaom ynm&Sdtaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYonfwdP rnw&H ,mrH? y#dZa*,s y@dawm/
[laom "ry'ygVdawmfjrwfESifhtnD- t&G,fokH;yg;wdkYwGif
yxrt&G,w
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d kd pGev
Yf w
T jf y;D vQif b0orwd
pD;yGg;udk tm;xkwfMuukef&m\/
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p abm*orwu
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f Ykd
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y@dawm=ynm&Sdol rSefayrlum;? wdPH=

t&G , f o k H ; yg;wd k Y w G i f ? tnw&H , mrH =
wpfyg;yg;aom t&G,f? y#dZa*,s=b0
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("ry'ygVdawmfteuf)

t&G,o
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dS if;vif;ESihf ae
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G v
f aS om 0dywu
d mv
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tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

abm*orwde,f tqkH;xm;&m\/ xdkrS aemuf abm*orwdudk

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&m\/
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1/
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udk pGev
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T
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ap rif;O,smOfyif touf&SnforQumv
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aeMuaom r*a'0rif;tp aerdrif; tqk;H &Sad om
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aom "rygom'trnf&adS om &wem twdjy;D aom
a&Teef;jymom'fBuD;twGif; {upm&aeawmfrl

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

jA[0d[m& psmeformywfudk yGg;rsm;tm;xkwf

psmeformywf csrf;omudk cHpm;pHpm; aeawmf
rlaom r[mok'e pMumrif;BuD;\ enf;vrf;
wpfrsKd ;/
4/
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aom tmemygeur|mef; tpDt&ifukd awGUjrif&m
bkH 7-qifh&Sdaom a&Teef;jymom'fay: {upm&
aeawmfrl tmemygeur|mef; tvkyfudk tm;
xkwfawmfrl&m tmemygepwkwpsmefwdkif atmif
aygufa&muf xajrmufawmfral yaom wuov
kd f
rif;\ enf;vrf;wpfrsdK;/
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k pf m;
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tazmfESifh a&m,SufqufqHjcif;trIrsm;udk vGwfuif;atmif MuOf
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qufoGif;ol vla,musfm;wpfOD;wpfa,mufESifhom tawGUcHawmf
rlMu b0orwd pD;yGg;udk tm;xkwMf uayukeaf om jyqdck jhJ y;D aom
tavmif;tvsm ynm&SdBuD;wdkY\ enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;wGif ,cktcg
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enf ; vrf ; ud k a&G ; aumuf t m;us b0or w d t pD ; tyG g ;ud k
tm;xkwMf uuke&f m\/
wdkufwGef;jcif; Oa,smZOfjyD;\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

pd w f u d k tpd k ; r& oH o &marsm&yk H

b0or w d w d k ; yG m ;rI
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'kvbESifh wuG rEkw'kvb wnf;[laom b0orwdudk
&&SMd uKH MuKd u
f aeMuonft
h cg *[|jzpfol vlwrYkd mS tmZD0|ru
oDv aumif;pGmwnf um,*wmowdtvkyf orxur|mef;
tvkyf 0dyemur|mef;tvkyu
f kd pGpJ jJG rjJ rJ tm;xkwrf u
I kd b0orwd
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f o
dk nfum;- owdy|mef
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tm;xkwf&jcif;\ taMumif;udk Oyrm,kwdESifhwuG jyqdkOD;tHHh/
pd w f t pd k ; r&aom ol l ; Oyrm
avmu rdrpd w
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wpfyg;odkY xGufoGm;\? wpfjcm;wpfyg;aom vla&;vl&mwdkY

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

qkdzG,fr&Sd? tokH;rusol oufouf jzpfownf;? aq;0g;wdkYjzifh

uko yuwd aysmufjird ;f aomtcg pdw\
f wnfMunfjcif;ud&k
yuwd vlaumif;jzpfav\? xdktcgrS vlpOfrSD cyfodrf;aom
vla&;vl&mwdu
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vkyfaqmifEdkifav\/
ol l ; ES i f h w l y k H
avmu yuwd pdwaf umif; ESv;Hk aumif;ESijhf ynhpf MHk uaom
yuwd vlaumif;olaumif;wdkYonfvnf; odrfarGUvSpGmaom
orxpsmeftvkyf 0dyem ynmtvkyfwdkYrlum;- rdrdpdwfudk
rdrdtpdk;r&aom oll;olESrf;t&m wnfMu&jyefukef\/ wnfykH
um;- bk&m;&Scd ;kd &m yuwdvw
l \
Ykd pdwo
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qkH;onfhwdkifatmif bk&m;*kPfpdkufrae? bk&m;*kPfudk vTwf
tmkw
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Yk m xGuo
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f u
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t&Gwt
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f u
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f kd wpfnOfh
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EIwfwuf&jyD;jzpfom t&Gwftqdk tpOfrysufbJ tqkH;wkdif
acsmarmEdkifMuavownf;/
cyfodrf;aom ur|mef;bm0em reodum&rIwdkY enf;csnf;rSwf/

um;- yuwd vlaumif; olaumif;qdk&aom olwdkYonf

vnf; orm"dbm0em ynmbm0emrIwdkY rdrdpdwfudk rdrdtpdk;r&
Muaom oll;olSESrf;t&m wnfMu&ykHwnf;/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

uJhodkY oll;olESrf;t&m wnfvsuf&SdMuukefao;aom

olwdkYonf r*fzdkvfedAmefudk rqdkxm;bdOD;? ,ckb0 aoonf\
tjcm;rJh ok*wdb0udkrQ &Edkif&ef ta&;onfyifvQif tvGefcuf
ao;\? owdrlMu avukef/
pd w f r Ed k i f e if ; vQif trI r wG i f u s,f
-

avmu ajcudkrEdkifeif;aom olonf ajcjzifhjyK

&aom trIudk wGifus,fatmif rjyKEdkif/ vufudk
rEdkifeif;aomolonf vufjzifhjyK&aom trIudk
wGifus,fatmif rjyKEdkif/
EIwfvQmudk rEdkifeif;aomolonf EIwfvQmjzifh
jyK&aomtrIudk wGifus,fatmif rjyKEdkif/
pdwfudk rEdkifeif;aomolonf pdwfjzifhjyK&aom
trIudk wGifus,fatmif rjyKEdkif/
bm0em reodum&rIrnfonf pdwjf zifjh yKtyfaom
trI o uf o uf j zpf \ / xd k Y a Mumif h rd r d p d w f u d k
rEdkifeif;Mu tpdk;r&Muukefaom yuwdvl&Sif
ykxkZOfwdkYonf bm0emreodum&rIudk wGifus,f
atmif rjyKEdkifMu/ twktyrQom jyKEdkifMuonf/
yJ h w uf r Ed k i f e if ; aom avS o l B uD ; Oyrm

Oyrmum;- avSuikd w
f ufuikd rf Edik ef if;aom avSoBl u;D onf
0efjynfhaomavSBuD;jzifh tvGeft,Of xefpGmpD;aom jrpfMuD;

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

pkefarQmvm&m nOfhtcg arSmifrdkufonfhtwGufaMumifh urf;pOf

wavQmuf jrdKU&Gmqdyfurf;rsm;udk rjrif&? aeYtcg urf;pOf
wpfavQmuf jrdKU&Gmqdyfurf;rsm;udk jrifygaomfvnf; avSwufudk
rEdkifeif;onfhtwGufaMumifh wpfpkHwpfckaom jrdKU&Gm qdyfurf;odkY
uyfjcif; qdu
k jf cif;iSm rwwfEikd rf
l Munfu
h m arQmu
f m cs;D rGr;f umESihf
ork'&mtjyifodkY vTifhav\/
Oyrm Oyar,s pyf [ yf y k H
(u)
(c)
(*)
(C)
(i)

Oyrm t,OfxefpmG pD;aom jrpfBu;D ork'& m

BuD;uJhodkY MoCav;jzm oHo&mBuD;udk rSwf&m\/
0efjynfah om avSBu;D uJo
h Ykd xdx
k o
kd w0gwd\
Yk cEm
udk,fudk rSwf&m\/
avSwufukd rEdik ef if;aom avSoBl u;D uJo
h Ykd ykxZk Of
ow0gudk rSwf&m\/
awmawmifpcef; qdyfurf;r&Sdaom jrpfjyifBuD;
uJhodkY oknurm oHo&mc&D;udk rSwf&m\/
jrKd U&Gmqdyu
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h cg arSmifru
kd Ef iS hf
MuKHMudKuf jrdKU&Gmqdyfurf;udk rjrifbJ twGif
pkeaf rQm&ouJo
h Ykd bk&m;yGi&hf m Ak'u
rmyifjzpfaomf
vnf; t&yfjypf&pS jf zm rdpm arSmif rdu
k Ef iS hf MuKH MuKd uf
bk&m;omoem odum ok;H wef edAm efqyd u
f rf;odYk
orm'd|d Pfrsupf jd zifh rjrifbJ oHo&mt,OfoYkd
twGifpkefarQmMuaom omoemy vlrsdK;wdkYudk
rSw&f m\/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk
(p)

aeYtcg urf;pOfwpfavQmufjrKd U&Gmqdyu

f rf;rsm;udk
jrif y gaomf v nf ; avS w uf u d k rEd k i f e if ; onf h
twGuaf Mumifh wpfpw
Hk pfcak om jrKd U&Gmqdyu
f rf;odYk
ruyfEdkif rqdkufEdkifrl MunfhumarQmfum csD;rTrf;
umESihf ork'& mtjyifoYkd vTiahf vouJo
h Ykd bk&m;yGihf
&m omoem Ak'b
mom trsKd ;aumif;om; pifppf
jzpfygaomfvnf; bm0emtvkyu
f kd tm; rxkwMf u
bJ yuwdaom pdwfESifhom aeMuonfh twGuf
pdwu
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kd pd;k r&aom tl;tESr;f t&m wnfaeMu
onfjzpf orxpsmef 0dyemPf r*fPf
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k
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f rf;odYk ruyfEikd Mf u rqdu
k Ef ikd f
Muukefrl &wemokH;yg;udk MunfndK udk;uG,f
zl;ajrmfcs;D rTr;f um bk&m;'g,um bk&m;'g,dumr
ausmif;'g,um ausmif;'g,dumr ypn;f av;yg;
'g,um ypnf;av;yg;'g,dumr omrn&[ef;
usrf;wwf*efwwftausmf wHqdyfawmf& q&m
awmf jzpfumrQESifh oknurm oHo&m jyifBuD;odkY
vGifhumvGifhum vmMuonfudk rSwf&m\/
vGefavjyD;aomtcg terw* oHo&mrS ,aeYxufwdkif
arQmvmcJhMuykHwnf;/
pd w f u d k tpd k ; r& oH o &marQm&yk H jyD ; \/
---------------------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

10

um,*wmowd bm0em
OD ; pG m tm;xk w f & yk H
pd w f u d k rEd k i f j cif ; tjypf
,ck t cgvnf ; bk & m;omoem Ak ' b mom trsd K ;
aumif;pifppf jzpfMuukefvsuf um,*wmowd bm0emrsm;udk
tm;rxkwfMubJ tpdk;r&aom yuwdpdwftwdkif;ESifhomae
aovGeMf uvQif twdwf oHo&mu vmcJMh uaom vrf;r vrf;d;k Bu;D
twdkif; oHo&m'va[modkY arQmNrJ jrKyfNrJ wvJvJyif jzpfMu
uke&f monf/
Oyrmjzifh pdwfudk tpdk;r&rIonf oHo&m'va[m
arQmvrf;Bu;D pifppfjzpf\/ / tb,fh aMumifeh nf;[lr-l orxtvkyf
0dyemtvkyfodkY ruyfEdkifMuaomaMumifhwnf;/
pd w f u d k E d k i f e if ; jcif ; tusd K ;
pdwfudk tpdk;&rIonf edAmefqdyfurf;odkY qdkufvrf;BuD;
pifppfjzpf\/ tb,fhaMumifhenf;[lrl tvdk&Sdaomtcg orx
tvkyf 0dyemtvkyfudk vkyfEdkifaomaMumifhwnf;[laom
teufudkjyqdkonf? um,*wm owdbm0emonf pdwfudktpdk;
&atmif tm;xkwfrIaywnf;/
um,*wmowd E S i f h ed A m ef
txufjzpfaom orxtvkyf 0dyemtvkyfwdkYudk
rvkyfwnfhEdkifvQif &SdapOD;/ rdrdpdwfudk rdrdudk,foEmeftwGif;

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

11

EdkifEdkifeif;eif; xm;EdkifMuvQifyif edAmef\t&omudk cHpHMu&onf

rnfaMumif;udk odkYa[mawmfrl\/
- trwH awoH 0d&'H? a,oH um,*wmowd 0d&'g/
trwH awoH t0d&'H? a,oH um,*wmowd
t0d&'g/
-

trwH awoH ty&dbkwH? a,oH um,*wmowd

ty&dbw
k m /
trwH awoH y&dbkwH? a,oH um,*wmowd
y&dbw
k m /
(t*kFwdK&fygVdawmf)

a,oH=tMuifolwdkYtm;? um,*wmowd=um,*wm
owdonf? 0d&'g=acsmfcRwfav\? awoH=xdkolwdkYtm;? trwH=
tNrKd uef Ad m efonf? 0d&'=H acsmcf Rwaf v\? a,oH=tMuifow
l t
Ykd m;?
um,*wmowd=um,*wmowdonf? t0d&'g=racsmfcRwf/
awoH=xdkolwdkYtm;? trwH=tNrdKufedAmefonf? t0d&'H=racsmf
cRwEf ikd Nf y/D
a,oH=tMuifolwdkYtm;? um,*wmowd=um,*wm
owdudk? ty&dbkwm=roHk;aqmif&? awoH=xdkolwdkYtm;? trwH=
tNrdKufedAmefonf? ty&dbkwH=oHk;aqmif&onfrrnf/ a,oH=
tMuif o l w d k Y t m;? um,*wmowd = um,*wmowd o nf ?
y&dbw
k m =oH;k aqmif&\/ awoH=xdo
k w
l t
Ykd m;? trwH=tNrKd uef Ad m ef
onf? y&dbkwH=oHk;aqmif&onfrnf\/
(ygVdawmfteuf)

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

12

vdk&if;t"dyg,fum;- um,*wmowd bm0emwnf

rdrdpdwfudk rdrdtpdk;&aom tjzpf wnfMuaom olwdkYtm; orx
0dyemtvkyfudk wGifus,fpGmvkyfEdkifMuawmhrnfjzpf ,ckb0
qdkufwdkufaeaom edAmefESifhvGJEdkif&ef r&SdNyD? um,*wmowd
bm0emvufrJh rdrdpdwfudk rdrdtpdk;r&aom t&l;tESrf;t&m
wnfjrw
J ikd ;f ESiahf eMuukerf u
l m; orx0dyemtvkyo
f Ykd ruyfEikd f
ojzifh edAmefESifh vGJMuukef&m\ [lvdkonf/
pd w f t pd k ; &rl trsd K ;rsd K ;
pdwfudktpdk;&rIonf trsdK;rsdK;&Sd\/ tb,fodkYtrsdK;rsdK;&Sd
oenf ; [l r l u m;-avmu t&l ; tES r f ; r[k w f [ l yuwd
wnfMunfaompdwfESifh jynfhpHkvsuf vla&;vl&m ae&mwus
&Sdonfudkvnf; pdwfudk tpdk;&rIac:\? omoemrlum; `Ed,
oH0&oDv vHkjcHKrIonfvnf; tpdk;&rI wpfyg;yifjzpf\/ cdkifcHhaom
tpd;k &rIum; r[kwaf o;/ um,*wmowdbm0em wnfro
I nfum;
orx0dyem\ y'|mef (eD;pGmaom taMumif;) jzpf ckid cf ahH om
tpdk;&rIrnf\? xdkxuf Oypm&orm"drIonf ckdifcHh\? xdkxuf
tyemorm"d rIonf cdik cf \
hH ? tyemormywf&pS yf g;wdo
Yk nf wpfqifh
xufwpfqifh cdkifcHhMuukef\? tbdnmOfrIonf orxudpwGif
txGwftxdyfjzpfaom tpdk;&rIrnf\/
-

orx 0dyem ,mOf 2-yg;

um; um,*wmowd bm0emrI r S orx
vrf;odkYwufaom orx,meduvrf;wnf;/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

13

um,*wmowd bm0emrIrS 0dyemodkY wuf

onfudkum; 0dyem,meduvrf; ac:\/
wGiaf &GUum; orxtvkyf 0dyemtvkyw
f \
Ykd
a&St
h zdYk um,*wm owdy|meftvkyu
f kd a&S;OD;pGm
wnfaxmif tm;xkw&f jcif;\taMumif;udk Oyrm
,kwdESifhwuG jyqdkvdkufaom tcef;wnf;/
um,*wm owd b m0em OD ; pG m tm;xk w f & yH k NyD ; \/

tmemyge ur | mef ; yG m ;oif h y H k

xdkYaMumifh ,cktcg Ak'bmom omoem MuHKMudKufMuol
&Sifvltaygif;wdkYonf rdrdpdwfudk rdrdtpdk;r& &SdaeMuonfudk
vGepf mG pufqyk x
f w
d v
f efMY uuke
f rdrpd w
d u
f kd rdrt
d pd;k &aomtjzpf
apmapmpD;pD; wnfNyD; jzpfMuapjcif;iSg r[mowdy|meokwfvm
aom wpfckckaom um,*wmowd tvkyfrsm;udk tm;xkwf
Muuke&f m\/
um,*wmowd t jym; 18-yg;
xd k um,*wmowd o nf Oy&d y P m oygVd a wmf
um,*wmowdow
k f um;tmemygeydik ;f
&d,myxydkif;
orZnydkif;

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

14

y#dulv 1-ydkif;
"mwk00wme 2-ydkif;
od0xdu udk;yg;
wdEYk iS w
hf uG yxrpsmef 'kw,
d psmef wwd,psmef pwkwp smef
[k qdktyfaom um,*wmowdtjym; 18-yg;vm\/
ud p 4-yg;NyD ; Ed k i f y H k
Oy&dyPmo ygVdawmf tmeygeokwfum;- tmemyge tvk y f w pf c k E S i f h y if um,*wmowd
bm0emudp?
- tyempsmef 4-yg;[laom orxbm0emudp?
- 0dyem bm0emudp?
- 0dZm0drkwd[k qdktyfaom r* bm0emudp?
- zvopdud&d,mudpwdkYonf tNyD;wdkif vmukef\/
bk & m;&S i f w d k i f ; \ vuf p G J
cyfodrf;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;wdkY\vnf; tmemygewd
wnf oAnKb&k m;tjzpfoYkd a&mufawmfrMl uukejf rJ "rwmjzpf\?
bk&m;tjzpfoYkd a&mufMuukeNf y;D aom tcgvnf; tmemygewd
udk toufxufqHk; rpGefYMuukefNyD/
orxt&mvnf ; ur | mef ; av;q,f & S d o nf w G i f
tmemyge ur|mef;onf tpOftjrJ yGm;rsm;jcif;iSm tvG,q
f ;kH jzpf\?
jrwfpGmbk&m;onfvnf; wjcm;aom orxur|mef;wdkYxuf

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

15

xGwfjrwfaom vGefaom*kPfyk'fwdkjzifh rsm;pGmcsD;rTrf;awmfrl\/

t|uxmq&mjrwfMuD;wdkYonfvnf; r[myk&doblrd [krdefYawmf
rlMuuke\
f /
vlomref &SifomrefwdkYESifh xdkufwefaom ur|mef;r[kwf?
vlynm&SMd u;D &Siyf nm&SMd u;D wdEYk iS hf xdu
k w
f efaom ur|mef;jzpfonf
[lv/kd
xdkYaMumifh a&ShjyqdkcJhNyD;aom tavmif;tvsm ynm&SdMuD;
wdkY\ enf;vrf;wdkYwGif bHk 7-qifh&Sdaom a&Teef;jymom'fay:
yuwdaom rif;{u&mZftoGifESifhyif qdwfjidrfpGm pHaeawmfrl
tmemygetvkyfudk tm;xkwfawmfrl&m um,*wmowd bm0em
udpr pS pwkwp smef orm"d bm0emudpw
ikd af tmif Ny;D pD;xajrmuf
aygufa&mufawmfrlaom a&mrEdkifiH\teD; wuodkvfjynfMuD;udk
a&Tx;D a&Teef; odr;f jref; pd;k pHawmfral om yuKomwdrif;\ enf;vrf;}
udk vdkufpm; tm;us Ak'Kyg''kvb\ tusdK;tmedoHoESifhwuG
b0orwdpD;yGm;udk tm;xkwfMuvdkukefaom Ak'bmom vl
ynm&SdMuD;wdkY\tusdK;iSm tmemygewd okwefygVdawmfMuD;udk
ygXfteuf t"dyg,fESifhwuG xkwfjy tusOf;oacFytm;jzifh
tmemygeur|mef; tpDt&ifudk jyqdkaytHhownf;/
tmeygeur | mef ; yG m ;oif y H k NyD ; \/
---------------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

16

tmemygewd o k w f t zG i f h
tmemyge tcsD ;
1/ tmemygewd bdua0 bm0dwm A[kvDuwm
pwma&m owdy|mae y&dyla&Ed/
2/ pwma&m owdy|mem bm0dwm A[kvDuwm ow
aAmZsa*F y&dyla&Ed/
3/ ow aAmZs*Fg bm0dwm A[kvDuwm 0dZm0drkw
y&dyla&Ed/
tmemygewdokwfygVdawmf/

1/ bdua0=&[ef;wdkY? tmemygewd=tmemygewd
ur|mef;tvkyo
f nf? bm0dwm=yGm;rsm;ap tyfonf&adS omf?
A[kvDuwm=aeY&ufrsm;pGm avhvmpGJjrJjcif;udk jyKtyf
onf&Sdaomf? pwma&m owdy|mae=owdy|mefav;yg;
wdkYudk? y&dyla&Ed=NyD;jynfhpHkapEdkifukef\/
2/ pwma&m owdy|mem=av;yg;aom owdy|mefw&m;
wd k Y o nf ? bm0d w m=yG m ;rsm;aptyf u k e f o nf & S d a omf ?
A[kvu
D wm=aeY&ufrsm;pGm avhvmjcif;udk jyKtyfuek o
f nf
&Sdaomf? owaAmZsa*F=aAmZsifckepfyg;wdkYudk? y&dyla&Ed=NyD;
jynfhpHkapEdkifukef\/
3/ owaAmZ*gF =aAmZicf ek pfyg;wdo
Yk nf? bm0dwm=yGm;rsm;ap
tyfuek o
f nf&adS omf? A[kvu
D wm=aeY&ufrsm;pGm avhvm
tyfuek o
f nf&adS omf? 0dZm 0drw
k = avmukw& m 0dZm av;yg;

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

17

0drkwdav;yg;udk? y&dyla&Ed=jyD;jynfhpkHapEdkifukef\/
(ygVdawmfteuf/)

avmuk w & m0d Z m 4-yg;/

avmukw&m 0dZmav;yg;rnf\/
0d r k w d 4-yg;/
rnf\/

/ r*f Pf a v;yg;onf

/ zkdvfPfav;yg;onf 0drkwdav;yg;

vd k & if ; t"d y g ,f u m;1/ tmemygeur|mef; tvkyfudk aeY&Snf&uf&Snfrsm; BuD;yGm;

xajrmufatmif vkyaf qmifEikd yf grlum; owdy|mefav;yg;
udk yGm;rsm;rIudpvnf; tvkdvdkjyD;pD;awmhonf/
2/ aAmZif 7-yg;udk yGm;rsm;rIupd v
nf; tvkv
d dk jy;D pD;awmhonf/
3/ 0dZm 0drkwd w&m;ESpfyg;udk yGm;rsm;rIudpvnf; jyD;pD;awmh
onf [lvdkownf;/
ygVdawmf tvk;H pkaH om aAm"dyu,
d w&m; 37-yg;wdu
Yk kd
owdy|mef aAmZif 0dZm 0drw
k w
d jYkd zifh odr;f usK;H a[mawmfro
l nf/
aAm"dyud,w&m; 37-yg;udk yGm;rsm;rI tukefjyD;pD;\ qdkvdkonf/
tmemygetcsD ; jyD ; \/
------------------ur | mef ; tvk y f c G i f wnf c ef ;
" ye bdua0 bduK t&n*awm 0g kurlv
*awm 0g oknm*g&*awm 0g edoD'wd yvu

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

18

tmbkZdwGm OZkH um,H yPd"m, y&drkcH ow

Oy|aywGm/
(ygVdawmf)

bd u a 0=&[ef ; wd k Y ? " ye=omoemawmf w G i f ; ?

buK=oHo&mab;udk jrifajrmfEdkifaomolonf? t&n*awm
0g=awmt&yf wnf aomf v nf ; aumif ; ? k u r l v *awm
0g=opfyif&if; wnfaomfvnf;aumif;? oknm*g&*awm
0g=qdwfjidrf&m ausmif; odrf bkHeef; wdkufcef;ae&m wnf
aomfvnf;aumif;? yvu=xuf0,fyvifudk? tmbkZdwGm= zGJYacG
xdkifae? um,H=txufudk,fudk? OZkH=ajzmifhrwfpGm? yPd"m,=
xm;? ow=owdu?kd y&drck =H ur|mef;tcsuf xGuo
f uf0ifoufoYkd
aSUI? Oy|aywGm=cdkifjrJpGm pdkufxm;? edoD'wd=ae\/
rS w f c suf /

xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaerIonf ur|mef;

tvkyfESifh txl;oifhavsmfaomaMumifh
]]yvu tmbkZw
d mG }} [l a[mMum;awmf
rlonf/ pifppfaomfum; &d,mykxf
av;yg;yif pGJjrJ&rnfjzpf\/

ur|mef;tvkyfcGif wnfcef;jyD;\/
------------

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

19

tmemygewd o k w f yxrpwk u
ygVd a wmf e nf ;
1/ yxrcef;/ / aom oawm0 towd? oawm0
yowd/
2/ 'kwd,cef;/ / 'DCH 0g toaEm 'DCH tomrDwd
yZmemwd?
'DCH 0g yoaEm 'DCH yomrDwd yZmemwd?
&H 0g toaE m &H tomrD w d
yZmemwd?
&H 0g yoaE m &H yomrD w d
yZmemwd/
3/ wwd,cef;/ / oAum,y#o
d aH 0'D todmrDwd
oduwd?
oAum,y#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/
4/ pwkwcef;/ / yr , H um,ocF g &H t
odmrDwd oduwd/
yr,H um,ocFg&H yodmrDwd oduw
/d
(ygVdawmf yxrpwku)

1/

aom=xdkxuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeNyD;aom a,m*D

onf? oawm0=rvpfaprI owdjyKomvQif?
towd=xGufoufvTwf\? oawm0=rvpf
aprI owdjyKomvQif? yowd=0ifoufSL\/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk
2/

3/

4/

20

'DCH 0g=SnfpGmrlvnf;? toaEm=xGufouf

vTwfonfSdaomf? 'DCH=SnfpGm? tomrDwd=
xGuo
f uf igvTw\
f [l? yZmemwd=od\? 'DC0H g=
SnfpGmrlvnf;? yoaEm=0ifoufSL onfSd
aomf? 'DCH=SnfpGm? yomrDwd=0ifoufigI\
[l? yZmemwd=od\?
&H 0g=wdkpGmrlvnf;? toaEm=xGufouf
vTwfonfSdaomf? &H=wdkpGm? tomrDwd=
xGufouf igvTwf\[l? yZmemwd=od\? &H
0g=wdkpGmrlvnf;? yoaEm=0ifoufSLonf
S d a omf ? &H = wd k p G m ? yomrD w d = 0if o uf
igI\[l? yZmemwd=od\/
oAum,y#doHa0'D=xGufouf\tp tv,f
tqkH; tukefvkH;xifvif;onf? [kwGm=jzpf?
todmrd=xGuo
f ufvw
T af ytH?h wd=ok?Yd
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
oA um,y#doHa0'D=0ifouf\tp tv,f
tqkH; tukefvkH;xifvif;onf? [kwGm=jzpf?
yod mrd = 0if o uf S L aytH h ? wd = ok d Y ?
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
um,ocFg&H=xGufouf[laom um,ocFg&udk?
yr,H-yr,aEm=tpOftwdkif; csKyfNidrf;
apvsuf? todmrd=xGufouf vTwfaytHh?

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

21

wd=okdY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\?
-

um,ocFg&H=0ifouf[laom um,ocFg&udk?
yr,H-yr,aEm=tpOftwdkif; csKyfNidrf;ap
vsu?f yodmrd=0ifoufLS aytH?h wd=ok?Yd
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
(yxr pwkuteuf)

aqmifyk'f/
1/
2/

3/
4/

/ owd N rJ & m? yxrm? 'k - rS m S n f - wd k o d /

vkH;pkHvif;&m? wom? p-rSm Nidrf;apbd/
yxrcef;rSm xGufouf 0ifoufwdkY owdNrJrIukd
tm;xkw&f onf/
'kwd,cef;rSm xGufouf0ifoufwdkY SnfvQif
Sno
f nf[k wdv
k Qif wdo
k nf[k odatmif tm;xkwf
&onf/
wwd , cef ; rS m xG u f o uf 0 if o uf w d k Y u d k tp
tv,f tqkH; xifvif;atmif tm;xkwf&onf/
pwkwc ef;rSm ke&Yf if;aom xGuo
f uf0ifoufwu
Ykd kd
tpOftwdkif; csKyfNidrf;ap odrfarGY oGm;atmif
tm;xkw&f onf/
pwkuav;ck t"dyg,ftusOf;NyD;\/
.......

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

22

ygXf a vQmuf t "d y g ,f

1/ yxrcef;rSm- tSnf twdk ponfwu
Ykd kd ESv;Hk roGi;f Edik af o;?
ESmoD;zsm;aomfvnf;aumif;? txuf EIwfcrf;zsm;aomfvnf;
aumif; xGuo
f uf0ifoufw\
Ykd xdrcI u
kd rf I xifmS ;&m wpfcck ak om
Xme pdwfudk cdkifNrJpGm pkdufxm; xGufwdkif; 0ifwdkif;odatmif
tm;xkw&f onf/ / wpfem&D ESpef m&D ponfjzifh wwfprG ;f Edik o
f rQ
umvywfv;Hk xdXk mepdwo
f nf csnaf ESmifxm;bdouJo
h Ydk cdik Nf rpJ mG
ae xGuo
f rQ 0iforQukd wpfcrk vGwf odryI ikd Ef ikd o
f nfwikd af tmif
tm;xkw&f onf/
yxrcef ; NyD ; \/
----------------2/ 'kw,
d tcef;rSm- xdo
k Ydk odrI ydik Ef ikd Nf y;D aemuf rdrx
d w
k af om
SLaom xGufouf0ifoufudk SnfvQif SnfrSef; odap&rnf?
wdv
k Qiw
f rkd eS ;f odap&rnf? wpfa,mufaomol\ wpfxikd t
f wGi;f rSm
yif Snfonfh tvSnfh wdkonfh tvSnfhSd\? SnfrI wdkrIudk wpfck
rvGwf odatmif tm;xkw&f onf? xGuo
f uf 0ifouf txGut
f 0if
aES;onfudk tSnq
f o
kd nf? vsijf refonfukd twdq
k o
kd nf? aES;vQif
aES;rI jrefvQif jrefrIudk odap&rnf qdkvdkonf/
'k w d , cef ; NyD ; \/
-----------------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

23

3/ wwd,cef;rSm- xdkokdY tSnftwdk odrIydkifEdkifNyD;aemuf

ESmoD;zsm;rS csufwdkifusatmif udk,fum, twGif; xGufouf
0ifoufwdkYudk tp tv,f tqkH; tukefvkH; xifvif;pGm pdwfrSm
jrif&atmif tm;xkwf&onf/
wwd , cef ; NyD ; \/
----------------4/ pwkwcef;rSm- xdkokdY tp tv,f tqkH; tukefvkH;
xifvif;rI ydik Ef ikd Nf y;D aemuf ke&Yf if;pGmaom xGuo
f uf 0ifoufwu
Ykd kd
tqifhqifh odrfarGU odrfarGUoGm;atmif tm;xkwf&onf? ig
xGufouf 0ifoufaysmuf oGm;NyD[k xif&atmif tm;xkwf&
onf/
pwk w c ef ; NyD ; \/
----------------um; yxr pwk u ygVd a wmf j rwf \
ygXf a vQmuf t "d y g ,f /
.......
t|uxmenf ;
,cktcg yxr pwkut&mrSm t|uxm1wdkYvmaom
enf;vrf;udk jyqdkaytHh/
1/ *Pem /taES ; ? tjref ? tpOf r S e f ? ES p f w ef
a&wG u f e nf ; /

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

24

2/tEk A E e m / tNrJ t jref ? twG , f o ef ? wpf z ef

zG J U xm;enf ; /
3/xyem
/ Nidrf0yf jyefYjyL;? pdwfpkdufpl;? txl;
pd w f x m;enf ; /
t"dyg,ftusOf;um;
um;- xGuo
f uf 0ifoufw\
Ykd xdcu
kd &f m
Xmeonf ESmoD;zsm; txuf EIwcf rf;zsm; [l 2-yg;S\
d ? tcsKd Uaom
olwdkYtm; ESmoD;zsm; xdcdkufrIxifSm;\? tcsdKUaom olwdkYtm;
txufEw
I cf rf;zsm; xdcu
kd rf I xifmS ;\? rdrd xifmS ;&m wpfcck u
k kd
tpJGjyK&mtp a&wGufenf;jzifh tm;xkwf&m\/
tv,f tpOfvdkufenf;jzifh tm;xkwf&m\/
tqk;H xGuo
f uf 0ifoufwYkd tcdik t
f NrJ pdwx
f m;
enf;jzifh tm;xkwf&m\/
*Pemenf ; tus,f
*Pemenf;/ / xdkokH;yg;wdkYwGif a&wGufenf;onf1/ aES;aES;a&wGufenf;
2/ jrefjrefa&wGufenf;
[l 2-yg;Sd\/ xdkwGifaES ; aES ; a&wG u f e nf ; /
/ aES;aES;a&wGufenf;qdk
onfum;- ESmoD;zsm; txufEw
I cf rf;zsm; XmeESpyf g;wGif wpfyg;yg;
pdwu
f kd pku
d x
f m; xGuo
f uf 0ifouf ESpyf g;ukd ESv;Hk oGi;f aomtcg
tp pdwrf Nird o
f ufao;onfh twGuaf Mumifh xGuo
f uf 0ifouf

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

25

wdo
Yk nf tcsuw
f ikd ;f tcsuw
f ikd ;f pdwf xifmS ;ukeaf o;onf r[kw?f
rxifSm;aom tcsufpkvnf; ygSdukefao;\? xdkYaMumifh rxif
Sm;aom tcsufpkukd ra&rwGufrl xifSm;aom tcsufpkukdom
a&wGufjcif;aMumifh aES;aoma&wGufenf; jzpfavownf;/
a&wGuf&mvnf;--1/ wpfrSp ig;wGif wpf0g&
2/ wpfrSp ajcmufwGif wpf0g&
3/ wpfrSp ckepfwGif wpf0g&
4/ wpfrSp SpfwGif wpf0g&
5/ wpfrSp udk;wGif wpf0g&
6/ wpfrSp wpfq,fwGif wpf0g&okdY 6-0g&wdkYjzifh a&wGuf&m\/
yxr0g& 'kwd,0g& wwd,0g& pwkw0g& yOr0g&
q|0g&[lvnf; tpOftwdik ;f ac:&\? q|0g&Ny;D vQif yxr0g&
okdYjyefav? if; 6-0g&vkH;ukdrS wpf0g&[lvnf; ac:Mu\/
*Pemenf ; a&wG u f y k H
aS;OD;pGm pdwu
f kd ESmacgif;0 pku
d x
f m; xGuo
f uf 0ifouf
2-yg;wGif xifSm;&m wpfckckukd wpf-[k a&wGuf&m\? if;aemuf
xGufouf 0ifouf 2-yg;yif xifSm;onfcsnf; jzpfvmcJhvQif
tpOftwdik ;f ESpf ok;H av;[k a&wGu&f m\? rxifrSm; ygScd v
hJ Qif
xdkrxifSm;aomtcsufudk ra&wGufrl xifSm;onfhtcsuf
rawGUao;orQumvywfvkH; wefY&yf wpf-wpf ponfjzifh

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

26

a&wGufqJ twdkif;om xyf ae&m\? xifSm;aom tcsufay:

vmrS ESpf-ponfjzifh txuf*Pef;okdYwuf a&wGuf&m\?
ig;okdYusvQif wpfu jyef&m\/
enf;wl 'o0g&wdkifatmif 6-0g& rxifSm;aom
xGufouf 0ifouf tcsufwdkYudk ra&wGufrl xifSm;aom
xGufouf 0ifoufwdkYudkom a&G;aumuf a&wGufaomaMumifh
aES;aom a&wGuf enf;jzpfownf;/
jref j ref a &wG u f e nf ;
jrefjrefa&wGuef nf;qdk onfum;- a&wGuzf efrsm;vwfaomf
xif S m ;aom tcsuf r sm; vmvw H U ? wpf - ES p f - paom
*Pef;csufvnf; pdyf pdyf vmvwHU? xGufouf tcsuf
0ifouftcsuf xifmS ;onfcsn;f jzpfaomtcg wpf-ESp-f paom
*Pef;csuo
f nfvnf; rjywfrpJjref&\? wpfcu
k rdk Q owdrvGwaf p&?
xGuo
f uf 0ifouf tpOfEiS hf *Pef;pOfonf tcket
f ausmf tvpf
tvyfrSd tpOfreS af p&rnf/ / wpf- ESppf aom *Pef;csru
I v
kd nf;
EIwfjzifh&GwfqdkzG,f r&Sd/ pdwfjzifh a&wGufvQif jyD;awmhonf /
tcsdKUolwdkYum; EIwfjzifh&GwfqdkMuukef\/ tcsdKUolwdkYum; 6 -0g&
tqkH;tqkH;wGif ykwD;aphwpfvkH;wpfvkH;cs wpfaeYwpfaeYvQif
ykwD;ywfaygif; rnfrQpdyfrnf[k ydkif;jcm; pdyfMuukef\/ tmkHjref
jrefxifEkdifonfom yrmPwnf;/
tMuiftcg ra&wGuaf omfvnf; a&wGuo
f nfEiS x
hf yfwl
xGufouf0ifoufwdkY\ xdkXme xdwdkif;xdwdkif; todNrJpGJ\?

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

27

tvkyfcGifokdY0if ESvkH;oGif;aeorQumvywfvkH; wpfckaom

xGufouf wpfckaom 0ifoufrQ trSwfrJh vGwfoGm;onf r&dSNyD?
xkdtcg a&wGufrIudk kyfodrf; tEkAEemenf;jzifh I&m\/
taES ; tjref ? tpOf r S e f ? ES p f w ef a &wG u f e nf ; NyD ; \/
----------tEk A E e menf ; tus,f
tEk A E e menf ;
tEkAEemenf; qdkonfum;- a&wGufcef;wGiftpOfrSefcJh
onftwdkif; xd&mXme pdwfudkpdkufxm; xGufrI 0ifrItBudrfpOf
twdik ;f wpfBurd w
f nf;rQ rvGwaf p&yJ xGurf I 0ifrI tpOfEv
S ;Hk oGi;f
rI tpOf zGUJ wG,pf NJG r
J aeatmif tm;xkwrf I onf tEkAEemrnf\?
a&wGufrIr&dSyJvsuf a&wGufenf;rSm odrItpOfrSef onfhtwdkif;
odrt
I pOf rSe
f aeatmif wpfzefvu
kd pf m; tm;xkwf rIqv
dk o
kd nf/
tEk A E e menf ; yG m ;&ef a cwf
tb,frQavmuf umvMumjrifah tmif tEkAEemenf;jzifh
tm;xkwf&moenf; [lrlum;-y#dbm*edrdwfjzpfay:vmonf
wdkifatmif tm;xkwf &m\/
y#d b m*ed r d w f x if y k H
y#dbm*edrw
d q
f o
kd nfum;- yuwdaom xGuo
f uf 0ifouf
avtwdkif;udkvGef tqif; oPmef ta&miftvufESifhwuG
vJ0g*Gr;f tpkuo
hJ Ydk avt,Ofuo
hJ Ydk rk;d Mu,fuo
hJ Ykd ywjrm;vk;H uJo
h Ykd

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

28

ykvJvkH;uJhokdY ykvJoG,fuJhokdY tp&dSonfjzifh wpfckckxifay:

jzpfxGef;vmaom ynwd"r txl;udk y#dbm*edrdwfqdkonf/ /
xdky#dbm*edrdwf ynwftmkH txl;txif t&Sm; pdwftjrifrSm
ESvkH;oGif;wdkif; jzpfay:xifjrifvmaomtcgrS tEkAEemenf;udk
kyo
f rd ;f &rnf/ / *Pemenf; tEkAEemenf; ESpyf g;rSm xd&mXmeudk
rvTwf&ao;/
tNrJ t jref ? twG , f o ef ? wpf z ef z G J Y x m;enf ; NyD ; \/
------xyemenf ; tus,f
y#dbm*edrdwfxifonfrSp xyemenf;jzihf tm;xkwf
&m\/
xyemenf ;
xyemqdo
k nfum; - y#dbm*edrw
d rf nfonf ynwftmkH
txl;jzpf tmkHtopfuJhokdYjzpfjyef\?
obm0"rrsKd; r[kwfaomaMumifh uG,faysmufvnf;
uG,faysmufvG,f\? uG,faysmufjyefvQif wpfzef xifjrif&ef
trIvnf; cufc\
J ? xdaYk Mumifx
h ifjrifvmaom xdyk #dbm*edrw
d u
f kd
ruG,rf aysmufaprl wpfaeY wpfjcm; xif&mS ;yGiv
hf if;oGm;atmif
xkt
d mkH pl;pl;pdu
k pf u
kd f tm;xkwzf pd ;D pdwu
f x
kd m;jcif;onf xyem
rnf\/
xyemenf;okYd a&mufaomtcgrlum;-toyg, 7-yg;udk
MuOfa&Smif oyg, 7-yg;udk rD0S &J m\? tyemaumov q,fyg;udk
jynhfpkHap&m\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

29

toyg, 7-yg;/ / toyg, 7-yg;qkdonfum;--1/ bm0em\ qk w f , k w f a Mumif ; jzpf a om

ae&mXme?
2/ qGrf;cH&Gm?
3/ pum;rsm;rI?
4/ taygif;tazmf?
5/ abmZOf?
6/ Owk?
7/ &d,mykxf?
7-yg;wnf;/
oyg, 7-yg;/

/ oyg, 7-yg; qdo

k nfum; -bm0emrI\
wd;k yGm;aMumif;jzpfaom xdk 7-yg; aywnf;/

tyemaumov 10-yg;/ / tyemaumovq,fyg;

qdkonfum;--1/ udk,ft*FgESifhwuG tokH;taqmif0wKrsKd; oefY&Sif;rI?
2/ a`Eig;yg;udk nDnGwfatmifjyKrI?
3/ xGufouf0ifouf[laom tmkHedrdwfvdrmrI?
4/ wuf<uvGef;aom pdwfudkESdyfrI?
5/ qkwfepfvGef;aom pdwfudkcsD;yifhrI?
6/ ajcmufaoGYvGef;aompdwfudk &TifaprI?
7/ nDnGwfaompdwfudk vspfvsLIrI?
8/ orm"dr&dSaom yk*dKvfudk MuOfa&SmifrI?

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

30

9/ orm"d&dSaom yk*dKvfudk rDS0JrI?

10/ tyempsmefudk&jcif;iSm tNrJnGwfaompdwf&dSrI?
10-yg;wnf;/
okaYd omtrIwu
Ykd kd jynfph pHk mG jyK xkyd #dbm*edrw
d f pdwu
f kd
tpGJBuD;pGJ tNrJBuD;NrJavatmif aeY&Snfvrsm; Iaomtm;jzifh
yGm;rsm;ap&m\/
xyemacwf /
/ tb,frQavmuf Mumjrifhatmif
xyemenf;tm;jzifh yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&moenf; [lrlum;-lyg0p&pwkwpsmefwdkifatmifonf xyemacwfaywnf;/
Nid r f 0 yf j yef Y j yL;? pd w f p d k u f p l ; ? txl ; pd w f x m;enf ; NyD ; \/
---------------edrdwf 3-yg;? orm"d 3-yg; cGJenf;
*Pemenf; tEkAEemenf; xyemenf;[laom enf; 3yg;wkdYjzifh tpOftwdkif; yGm;rsm;jzpfxGef; oGm;&m edrdwf 3-yg;
bm0emorm"d 3-yg;wdkYjzifh cGJ&m\/
ed r d w f 3-yg; cG J e nf ;
y&d u r e d r d w f /

/ *Pemtcef; xifjriftyfaom
xGuo
f uf0ifouftmko
H nf y&durerd w
d f
rnf\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

31

O* [ ed r d w f /

/ tEkAEemtcef; xifjriftyfaom
xdktmkHonfyifvQif O*[edrdwf rnf\/
y#d b m*ed r d w f / / xyemtcef; xifjriftyfaom
ynwftmkHonf y#dbm*edrdwf rnf\/
um;-ed r d w f o k H ; yg; jcm;em;enf ; wnf ; /
-------------bm0emorm"d 3-yg; cG J e nf ;
y&d u r b m0emorm"d / / y&duredrdwf O*[edrdwf
ES p f y g;tck d u f yG m ;rsm;aom bm0em orm"d o nf
y&durbm0emorm"d rnf\/
Oypm&orm"d / / xyemacwfwGif tyempsmefokdY
ra&mufrt
D Mum; y#dbm*edrw
d u
f kd tmkjH yK yGm;rsm;aom
bm0emorm"donf Oypm&bm0emorm"d rnf\/
ty e morm"d / / pwkuenf;tm;jzifh yxrpsmef
'kwd,psmef wwd,psmef pwkwpsmef [kqdktyfaom
lyg0p&psmef av;yg;onf tyembm0emorm"d rnf\/
Oypm&orm"d E S i f h Oypm&psmef

tmemygetvkyfudk tm;xkwf&m *Pem tEkAEemwdkY

tcef;wGif xGufouf 0ifouf wnf;[laom ur|mef;tmkHonf
tqifhqifhodrfarGY oGm;ojzifh aysmufuG,f oGm;ouJhokdY
jzpfwwf\? xdktcg pdwfudk xd&mXmeom xm;NrJxm; tvGef
odrfarGYvSpGmaom xdktmkHudk xdkae&mrSmyif &atmif,l&m\?

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

32

&atmif,lEdkif xkdtmkH xif&Sm; ay:jyefonfhaemuf rMumrD

y#dbm*edrdwf ay:vmvwHU? Oypm&psmefokdY qkdufvwHU? eD0&P
w&m;ig;yg; uGmNyD;aom umrm0p& bm0em Oypm&orm"dukd
Oypm&psmef qdkonf/
owd a y;csuf
ur|mef;tmk\
H tqifq
h ifh odrf arG
Y aysmufu,
G rf rI mS
t|uxm enf;vrf; odrfarGYoGm;atmif wrif tm;xkwfrIudk
rqdk? olYtvdk tavsmuf tqifhqifh odrfarGY oGm; onfudkqdk\?
avmuvnf; ur|mef;tvkyfudk tm;xkwfMu&m tqifhqifh
odraf rG
Y oGm;ojzifh xGuo
f uf0ifouf aysmufu,
G
f oGm;olrsm;udk
awGY&jrif&zl;\? a&SUxkwfjy cJhNyD;aom ygVdawmf aemufqkH;0g&
um;--yr,H um,ocFg&H todmrDwd oduw
?d
yr,H um,ocFg&H yodmrDwd oduwd/
[k a[mawmfrl\/
ygVdawmfjrwftvdu
k m; tEkAEemtcef;okYd a&mufaom
tcg xGuo
f uf 0ifoufwu
Ykd kd tqifq
h ifh odraf rG
Y oGm;avatmif
wriftm;xkw&f rnfyifjzpf\? tmkaH ysmuf uG,cf ef;rSm ur|mef;
tpDt&if rvdrmaom a,m*Dyk*dKvfonf xGufouf0ifouf
aysmufuG,f oGm;cJhNyD[k xif\? ur|mef;tvkyfudk vTwf
ypfwwf\? owdrlMuav/
-------

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

33

ygVd a wmf E S i f h t|uxmED S ; aES m yk H

yxrpwk u e nf ;
xkwfjycJhNyD;aom ygVdawmfav;0g&\ t&jzpfaom 1/ owdNrJ&m? yxrm? 'k-rSm &Snfwdkod/
2/ vkH;pkHvif;&m? w-om? p-rSm Nidrf;apbd/
[laom av;csufudk jyqkdcJhNyD;aom *Pem tp&dSaom
t|uxmenf;vrf;ESifh ESD;aESm&m\/
*Pemenf ; ES i f h o wd N rJ a pyk H
ED;S aESmyku
H m; - xd&mXme pdwu
f kd pdu
k x
f m; *Pemenf;
tm;jzifh tpOfrSefpGm a&wGufrIonf owdNrJ&m yxrmjzpf\/ /
em&D tydik ;f tjcm;ESihf ur|mef;tvkycf iG o
f Ykd 0if ESv;Hk oGi;f &m tyokYd
cPcPxGuaf jy;aom pdw0f w
d ufukd csK;d zsujf cif;iSm *Pemenf;udk
jyKvyk &f onfjzpf *Pemcef; t&Snt
f wdo
k rd u
I kd wriftm;xkwf
zG,f r&dSao;/
]]oawm0 towd oawm0 yowd}}
[laom ygVdawmfjrwfEiS t
hf nD xGuo
f uf0ifouf owdpJG
NrJ tyokdYcPcPxGufaom pdwf0dwufNidrf;rIudkom aumif;pGm
Nidrf;atmif tm;xkwf&m\/ / xdkaMumifh t|uxmA[d 0do# 0dwu 0dap'H uwGm tmo
ymom&raP owdoHxyewHa,0 [d *Pem/
[l rdefYNyD/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

34

*Pem=a&wGucf ef;rnfonf? A[d=rdru

d ,
kd f t*FgrSty
tvGwf? 0do# 0dwu 0dap'H=b0tqufquf
ysHUESHUajy;oGm;aeaom pdwf0dwuftvsOf\ jywf
jcif;udk? uwGm=jyK? tmy ymom&raP=
rdrdudk,f t*FgrSjzpfaom xGufouf0ifouftmkH?
owdox
H yewaH ,0=owdukd cdik Nf rpJ mG xm;jcif;iSmom
vQif? a[mwd=jzpf\/ (t"dyg,fay:NyD/)
tEk A E e menf ;
*Pemcef; NyD; tEkAEemcef;okdY a&mufaomtcg--'DCH 0g toaEm 'DCH tomrDwd yZmemwd/
tp&dSaom 'kwd,0g& ygVdawmfjrwfESifhtnD xd&mXme
pdwfudkckdifNrJpGm xm;rIESifhwuG t&SnftwdkodrIudkvnf; tpOf
rSefpGmodatmif owdjyK&m\/
t&S n f t wd k u d k od y k H
t&Snftwdk odrIudk owdjyK&m xGufouf0ifoufwdkYudk
tp tv,f tqkH; tpOfvdkuf wriftmkHjyK&onf r[kwf?
pdwfudkxd&mXme ckdifjrJpGmxm;NrJxm; t&Snftwdkudkvnf;
tpOfrSefpGmodatmif igowdjyKrnf[k Om[wpfckwkd; jyKkHrQ
omwnf;/ &Snfaom tBudrfrSm xd&mXme xdckdufrI wm&Snf\/
wdak omtBurd rf mS xdcu
kd &f mXme xdcu
kd rf I wmwd\
k ? xdcu
kd cf suw
f m
&SnfrI wmwkdrIudk od t&Snf twdkudk od\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

35

pdwf\ Asmyg&rnfonf tvGefysHUESHYEdkifaom oabmowd

&daS omaMumifh xd&mXmeyif pdu
k
f xm;jim;aomfvnf; xd&mXmerS
twGif; xGufvmaomtvm; 0ifoGm;aomtvm;rsm;onf
vnf; tvdkvdkxifjrifvmvwHU/
t&SnftwdkodrI pGJNrJaomtcg--oAum,y#doHa0'D todmrDwd oduwd?
oAum,y#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/
[l a omwwd , 0g& ygVd a wmf j rwf E S i f h n D xd & mXme
pdwfudkcdkifNrJpGm pkdufxm; tSnftwdk odrIESifhwuG xGufoufudk
tp tv,f tqkH; tukefvkH; xifvif;aprI? 0ifoufudk tp
tv,f tqkH; tukefvkH; xifvif;aprIukd txl;tm;xkwf&m\?
xGuo
f uf vTwrf nfcdS v
hJ Qif trSwrf hJ rvTwrf
l 0rf;wGi;f jzpfay:
aom tprSp xd&mXme wdkifatmif xGufoufoEmefudk pdwf
xifmS ;atmifjyK xGuo
f ufvw
T rf nf[k Om[jyKjyK vTw&f
rnf? xd&mXmerSp 0rf;wGif; qkH;&mXmewdkifatmif 0ifouf
oEmefudk pdwf xifSm;atmifjyK 0ifoufSLrnf[k Om[jyK
jyK SL&rnf/
xd & m pd w f u d k vG w f r xm;&
xdkokdY jyK&mvnf; ESmoD;zsm;[k qdktyfaom xd&mXme
pdwfudkcdkifNrJpGm xm;NrJxm;om Om[ jyK&rnf/ xd&mXme
pdwx
f m;rIudk vTw
f rvdu
k &f ? xd&mXmeudk vTw
f rvdu
k af omfvnf;
tp tv,f tqk;H tukev
f ;Hk xifmS ;aprnf[al om Om[ESihf

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

36

wuG xd&mXme pdwfudk pkdufxm;vQifyif wpfpwpfptm;jzifh

xGuo
f uf0ifoufwo
Ykd nf tp tv,f tqk;H tukev
f ;Hk tvdv
k kd
xifmS ;vmukev
f wUH /
tp tv,f tqkH; tukefvkH; xifvif;pGm xifjrifaom
tcg--yr,H um,ocFg&H todmrDwd oduw
?d
yr,H um,ocFg&H yodmrDwd oduwd/
[laom pwkw0g& ygVdawmfjrwfESifhtnD tqifhqifh
kefY&if;rI\ csKyfNidrf;jcif;? tqifhqifh odrfarGUjcif;? uG,faysmuf
oGm;NyD xif&atmif odrfarGUjcif;okdY tvdktavsmuf ra&mufcJh
onfSdaomf xdkokdY odrfarGUjcif;okdYa&mufatmif tm;xkwfrnf[l
aom Om[ukd jyKjyK xGufouf 0ifoufudk jzpfap&rnf?
trSwfwrJh rjzpfap&m/
txl ; jzpf v myk H
t|uxmenf;um; *Pemcef;rSpyif tvdt
k avsmuf
tqifhqifhodrfarGU oGm;rI uG,faysmufaomtjcif;t&mokdY
a&mufrIukdjyqdkay\? tvdktavsmuf uG,faysmufolrsm;ukdvnf;
igwdkY awGUjrifzl;&\/
*Pem0aoae0 ye reodum&umvawm ybkwd
tEk u r awm MoVm&d u tmo ymo
eda&m"0aoe um,'&ax 0lyoaE uma,myd

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

37

pdwHyd v[kuH a[mwd? o&D&H tmumao vCFem

um&ywH 0d, a[mwd/
(t|uxm)

ye=txl;jzpfwwfykHudk jyqdkaytHh? *Pem0ao

ae0=*Pemenf;\ tpGrf;jzifhomvQif? reodum&
umvawm=ESvkH;oGif;aomumvrS? ybkwd=tpjyK?
tEkurawm=tpOftm;jzifh? MoVm&du tmo
ymo eda&m"0aoe=ke&Yf if;ke&Yf if;aom xGuo
f uf
0ifoufwdkY\ tqifhqifh csKyfNidrf;onf\ tpGrf;jzifh?
um,'&ax=ud,
k w
f iG ;f oEmef ylyefacsmufcsm;rIonf?
0l y oaE = Nid r f ; vwf a omf ? uma,myd = l y um,
wpfckvkH;onfvnf;aumif;? pdwHyd=pdwfonf vnf;
aumif;? v[kuH=ayghyg;onf? a[mwd=jzpf\? o&D&H=
ukd,faumifonf? tmumao=aumif;uif? vCFem
um&yw0H ,
d =ysw
H ufviG yhf g;awmhrnfh tjcif;t&muJo
h Ydk
a&mufonf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
Oypm&orm"d & yk H
xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifae&mrS vufav;opfcefYuGmatmif
aumif;uifokdY wuf<u aeolrsm;ukd Mum;zl;&\/ / okdY
uG,faysmufaom tjcif;t&mokdY a&mufaomtcg xd&mXme
pdwfukd cdkifNrJpGm pkdufxm; xdktmkHudk t&,lojzifh wpfzef
ay:vGifxifSm; vmonfSdaomf y#dbm*edrdwf jzpfay:vm\?

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

38

xdktcg aMumufjcif; vefYjcif; tdyfjcif; ysif;&djcif; paom eD0&P

w&m;wdkYuRwfuGmojzifh Oypm&psmefudk &\/
wG i f a &G U um; yxr pwk u y gVd a wmf e nf ; ES i f h t|
uxmenf ; ES D ; aES m cef ; NyD ; \/
tmemygeur|mef; 7-cef;/ / t|uxm--*Pem/
tEkAEem/
zkoem/
xyem/
ovuP
m/
0d0em/
yg&do'k /d
[lvmaom tmemygeur|mef; 7-cef;wdkYwGif zkoem[laom xd&mXmeESifhwuG *Pemtcef; tEkAEemtcef;
Oypm&psmef[k qdktyfaom xyemtcef;rsm;ukd jyqdkrINyD;\/
yxrpwk u o nf vd k & if ; y"mewnf ; ? ,ck t cg
yxrpwku tvkyNf y;D pD;vQiyf if orx 0dyem vd&k mtvkyu
f kd
vkyEf ikd Nf y/D
yxr pwk u e nf ; NyD ; \/
----------

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

39

'k w d , pwk u e nf ; (psmef t qif h q if h & yk H )

,ck t cg ty e mpsmef [ k q d k t yf a om xyemtcef ;
usifh&maom 'kwd,pwkuenf;ukd jyqdkaytHh/
1/ yxrcef ;
yDwdy#doHa0'D todmrDwd oduwd?
yDwdy#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/
2/ 'k w d , cef ;
okcy#doHa0'D todmrDwd oduwd?
okcy#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/
3/ wwd , cef ;
pdwocFg&H y#doHa0'D todmrDwd oduwd?
pdwocFg&H y#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/
4/ pwk w c ef ;
yr,H pdwocFg&H todmrDwd oduwd?
yr,H pdwocFg&H yodmrDwd oduwd/
('kwd, pwkuygVdawmf)

1/

yDwdy#doHa0'D=pdwf\ESpfoufTifvef;jcif;yDwdudk
xifSm;ap? todmrd=xGufouf vTwfay
tHh? wd=okdY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\? yDwdy#d

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk
2/

3/

4/

40

oHa0'D=pdw\
f ESpo
f uf Tiv
f ef;jcif; yDwu
d kd xifmS ;
ap? yodmrd=0ifoufLS aytH?h wd=ok?Yd
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
okcy#o
d aH 0'D=pdw\
f csr;f at;jcif;okcudk xifmS ;
ap? todmrd=xGufouf vTwfaytHh?
wd=ok?Yd oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f ? okcy#o
d aH 0'D=
pdwf\csrf;at;jcif;okcudk xifSm;ap? y
odmrd=0ifoufSLaytHh? wd=okdY? oduwd=
tm;xkw\
f /
pdwocFg&H=a0'em onm [laom pdwocFg&ukd?
y#doHa0'D=xifSm;ap? todmrd=xGuf
oufvTwfaytHh? wd=okdY? oduwd=tm;xkwf
\/ pdwo
cFg&H=a0'em onm [laom pdwo
cFg&
ukd? y#doHa0'D=xifSm;ap? yodmrd=
0ifoufLS aytH?h wd=ok?Yd oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
pdwocFg&H=kefY&if;aom pdwocFg&udk? yr,Hyr,aEm=tpOftwdkif; csKyfNidrf;apvsuf?
todmrd=xGuo
f ufvw
T af ytH?h wd=ok?Yd
oduwd=tm;xkwf\/ pdwocFg&H=kefY&if;aom
pd w o cF g &ud k ? yr , H - yr , aE m =tpOf
twdkif; csKyfNidrf;apvsuf? yodmrd=0ifouf
SLaytHh? wd=okdY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

41

1/

xdky#dbmedrdwftmkH yDwdvGefuJaom lyg0p&

yxrpsmef 'kwd,psmefudk jzpfaprIonf yDwdudk
xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
2/
xdky#dbmedrdwftmkH okcvGefuJaom wwd,
psmefudk jzpfaprIonf okcudk xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
3/
xdky#dbmedrdwftmkH Oayuma0'em[laom
pdwocFg& xif&Sm;aom pwkwpsmefudk jzpfaprI
onf pdwocFgudk xif&Sm;aprIrnf\/
4/
kefY&if;aom a0'em onmwdkYudk tqifhqifh csKyf
Nird ;f aptH[
h -k tm;xkwrf o
I nf pdwo
cFgudk csKyNf ird ;f
aprIrnf\/
pwkuudk t|uxmwdkY tyempsmeft&mxm;
zGifhMuukef\/ / y#dbm*edrdwf cdkifNrJpGm &NyD;aomtcgrSp
Oypm&psmeft&mvnf; pdw\
f ESpNf cKd urf x
I if&mS ;atmif tm;xkwf
rnf/ pdwf\at;jcrf;rI xif&Sm;atmif tm;xkwfrnf tp&Sdaom
tpDt&ifonf jzpfoifh&myg\/
'k w d , pwk u N yD ; \/
----------------wwd , pwk u e nf ;
,cktcg xdktyempsmefwdkYudk 0ifpm;rI usifh&maom
wwd,pwkuudk xkwfjyaytHh/
1/
pdwy#doHa0'D todmrDwd oduwd?

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk
2/
3/
4/

42

pdwy#doHa0'D yodmrDwd oduwd/

tbdyarm',H pdwH todmrDwd oduwd?
tbdyarm',H pdwH yodmrDwd oduwd/
orm'[H pdwH todmrDwd oduwd?
orm'[H pdwH yodmrDwd oduwd/
0darmp,H pdwH todmrDwd oduwd?
0darmp,H pdwH yodmrDwd oduwd/
(wwd,pwkuygVdawmf)

1/

2/

3/

pd w y # d o H a 0'D = pd w f u d k x if & S m ;ap? t

od mrd = xG u f o uf v T w f a ytH h ? wd = od k Y ?
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
pd w y # d o H a 0'D = pd w f u d k x if & S m ;ap? y
odmrd=0ifoufSLaytHh? wd=odkY? oduwd=
tm;xkw\
f /
pd w H = pd w f u d k ? tbd y a rm',H = tvG e f & T i f v ef ;
apvsuf? todmrd=xGufoufvTwfaytHh?
wd=odkY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/
pd w H = pd w f u d k ? tbd y a rm',H = tvG e f & T i f v ef ;
apvsuf? yodmrd=0ifoufSLaytHh? wd=
odkY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/
pdwH=pdwfudk? orm'[H=aumif;pGm wnfMunfap
vsuf ? tod mrd = xG u f o uf v T w f a ytH h ?

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk
-

4/

43

wd=odkY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/
pdwH=pdwfudk? orm'[H=aumif;pGm wnfMunfap
vsu?f yodmrd=0ifoufLS aytH?h wd=od?Yk
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
pdw=H pdwu
f ?dk 0darmp,H=eD0&Ppaom ke&Yf if;aom
w&m;wdkYrS uRwfvGwfapvsuf? todmrd=
xGufoufvTwfaytHh? wd=okdY? oduwd=tm;
xkw\
f /
pdw=H pdwu
f ?kd 0darmp,H=eD0&Ppaom ke&Yf if;aom
w&m;wdkYrS uRwfvGwfapvsuf? yodmrd=
0ifoufLS aytH?h wd=ok?Yd oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
(wwd,pwkuteuf/)

vd k & if ; t"d y g ,f u m;yxrcef ; rS m -pdwf\ txl;xif&Sm;jcif;udk jzpf

1/
apjcif;iSm xdktmkH psmefav;yg;udk tzefzef
0ifpm;rIonf ]]pdwy#doHa0'D}}rnf\/
'k w d , tcef ; rS m -pdwftxl; xif&Sm;NyD;aemuf
2/
pdwfudk txl;&Tifvef;apjcif; yDwdESifh,SOfaom
yxrpsmef 'kw,
d psmefukd 0ifpm;rIonf ]]tbdya rm
',H pdwH}} rnf\/
wwd , tcef ; rS m -pdwftxl; &Tifvef;NyD;aemuf
3/
txl;wnfMunfapjcif;iSg wwd,psmef pwkw
psmefudk 0ifpm;rIonf ]]orm'[HpdwH}} rnf\/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

44

pwk w t cef ; rS m -pd w f u d k y#d y u w &m;wd k Y r S

txl;vGwfuif;apjcif;iSm psmefav;yg;udk tzef
zef0ifpm;rIonf ]]0darmp,H pdwH}} rnf\/
pwkuudkvnf; t|uxmwdkY tyempsmefwdkYudk 0ifpm;
rIrSmxm; zGifhMuukef\/ / Oypm& psmefrSmvnf; &oifh&myg\/
wwd , pwk u e nf ; NyD ; \/
------4/

pwk w pwk u e nf ; (tmemygerS 0d y emod k Y u l ; yk H )

,cktcg tmemygerS quf 0dyem wufenf;jzpfaom
pwkw pwkuudk xkwfjyaythH/
1/ yxrcef ;
tedpmEkyD todmrDwd oduwd?
tedpmEkyD yodmrDwd oduwd/
2/ 'k w d , cef ;
0d&m*gEkyD todmrDwd oduwd?
0d&m*gEkyD yodmrDwd oduwd/
3/ wwd , cef ;
eda&m"mEkyD todmrDwd oduwd?
eda&m"mEkyD yodmrDwd oduwd/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

45

4/ pwk w c ef ;
y#ded*gEkyD todmrDwd oduwd/
y#ded*gEkyD yodmrDwd oduwd/
(pwkw pwkuygVdawmf)

1/

2/

3/

4/

ted p m Ek y D = ted p u d k tzef z ef I v suf ? t

odmrd=xGuo
f ufvw
T af yth?H wd=od?Yk oduw
=d
tm;xkwf\? tedpmEkyD=tedpudk tzefzefIvsuf?
yodmrd=0ifoufLS ayth?H wd=od?Yk oduw
=d
tm;xkw\
f /
0d & m*gEk y D = aysmuf u if ; rI u d k tzef z ef I v suf ?
todmrd= xGufoufvTwfaythH? wd=odkY?
oduwd= tm;xkwf\? 0d&m*gEkyD=aysmufuif;rIudk
tzefzefv
I su?f yodmrd=0ifoufLS aytH/h wd=
okdY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/
eda&m"mEkyD=csKyfuG,frIudk tzefzefIvsuf? t
odmrd=xGuo
f ufvw
T af ytH?h wd=od?Yk oduw
=d
tm;xkwf\? eda&m"mEkyD=csKyfuG,frIudk tzefzef
Ivsuf? yodmrd=0ifoufSLaythhH? wd=odkY?
oduw
=d tm;xkw\
f /
y#ded*gEkyD=wpfzefpGefYypfrIudk tzefzef Ivsuf?
todmrd=xGufoufvTwfaytHh? wd=odkY?
oduwd=tm;xkwf\? y#ded*gEkyD=wpfzefpGefY

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

46

ypfrIudk tzefzefIvsuf? yodmrd= 0ifoufSL

aytHh? wd=odkY? oduwd=tm;xkwf\/
(pwkwpwkuteuf)

pwkw pwku
k u
m; 0dyem wufenf;wnf;/ if;tpD
t&ifudk aemufrS qdktHh/
pwk w pwk u e nf ; NyD ; \/
-------tmemygeur | mef ; jzif h
owd y |mef 4-yg; yG m ;rsm;rI u d p N yD ; yk H
,cktcg tmemygetvkyfudk tm;xkwfpGJNrJolwdkYtm;
owd y |mef a v;yg; yG m ;rsm;rI u d p NyD ; pD ; yk H u d k a[mawmf r l \ ?
vdk&if;t"dyg,frQudk jyqdkaytHh/
um,mEk y em
xkwjf ycJNh y;D aom pwkua v; yg;wdw
Yk iG f *Pem tEkAEem
2-enf; tpDt&ifjzifh jyqdck NhJ y;D aom yxrpwkut
vkyo
f nfum;um,mEkyem owdy|meftvkyf oufoufaywnf;/ xGuo
f uf
0ifoufonf lyum, wpfpdwfjzpf um, rnf\/
uma,ok um,nw&m[H bdua0 {wH 0'grd?
,'d'H tmoymom/
(tmemygewdokwf ygVdawmf)

bdua0=&[ef;wdkY? ,'d'H=a, ar tmo

ymom=tMuifxGufouf0ifoufwdkYonf? oEd=

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

47

&du
S ek \
f ? {wH=xGuo
f uf0ifouf ESpyf g; taygif;ud?k
uma,ok=yx0Dum, tmaygum, tp&dSaom
um,rsm;wd k Y w G i f ? um,nw&H = 0ga,mum,
wpfyg;[l? t[H=igbk&m;onf? 0'grd= a[mawmfr\
l /
a0'emEk y em
'kwd, pwkutvkyfonf a0'emEkyem owdy|mef
tvkyfaywnf;/
a0'emok a0'emnw&m[H bdua0 {wH 0'grd?
,'d'H toymomeH om"kuH eroduma&m/
(tmemygewdokwf ygVdawmf)

bd u a 0=&[ef ; wd k Y ? tmoymomeH = xG u f o uf
0ifoufwu
Ykd ?kd om"ku=H aumif;pGm? ,'d'=H a,m t,H reoduma&m=
tMuifEv
S ;Hk oGi;f jcif;onf? tw=d &d\
S ? {wH= aumif;pGmESv;Hk oGi;f
rIudk? a0'emok=a0'em trsm;wdkYwGif? 0g=cHpm;jcif; trsm;wdkYwGif?
a0'emnw&H=a0'emwpfyg;[l? 0g=cHpm;jcif;wpfyg;[l? t[H=
igbk&m;onf? 0'grd=a[mawmfrl\/
(om"kuH-qkdonfum; yDwdy#doHa0'D tp&dSaom Om[ txl;jzpf
yGm;rIwnf;/)

xGufouf0ifoufudk tmkHjyKvsuf Pf a0'em

w&m;vnf; txl;xif&Sm;vsuf&dSaomaMumifh pwkutvkyfudk
a0'emEkyem owdy|meftvkyf qdkownf;/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

48

pd w m Ek y em
wwd,pwkutvkyfonf pdwmEkyem owdy|mef
tvkyf wnf;/ / vnf; xGufouf 0ifoufudk tmkHjyKvsuf
Pf pdwfw&m;vnf; txl;xif&Sm;vsuf&dSaomaMumifh
pwkutvkyfudk pdwmEkyemowdy|meftvkyf qdkownf;/
"r m Ek y em
tedpmEkyD tp&dSaom pwkw pwku tvkyfonf
"rmEkyem owdy|mef tvkyfwnf;/ / vnf; xGufouf
0ifoufukd tmkjH yKvsuf Pf rdrpd w
d rf mS tbdZm a'greudk
y,fazsmufjcif;[laom y[me"ronf vnf; xif&Sm;vsuf
&daS omaMumifh pwkut
vkyu
f kd "rmEkyem owdy|meftvkyf
qdo
k wnf;/
aom ,H wH tbdZm a'gremeH? y[meH? wH
ynm, 'doGm om"kuH tZKayudwm a[mwd/
(tmemygewdokwf ygVdawmf)

aom= xd k a ,m*D y k * d K vf o nf ? tbd Z ma'gremeH =

tbdZma'grewdkYudk? ,H wH y[meH=tMuify,fjcif;onf?
twd=&dS\? wH=xdky,fjcif;udk? ynm,=ynmjzifh? 'doGm=jrif?
om"ku=H aumif;pGm? tZKayuw
d m=vspv
f sLIonf? a[mwd=jzpf\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

49

xGufouf 0ifoufESifhwuG zufwGJvsuf tedp"rudkvnf;

IaomaMumifh "rmEkyem owdy|mef jzpfonf[lvnf; qdk
oif\
h /
owd y |mef a v;yg; yG m ;rsm;rI u d p N yD ; yk H NyD ; \/
-------tmemygetvk y f j zif h
aAmZif 7-yg;yG m ;rsm;rI u d p N yD ; yykH
,cktcg tmemygetvkyfudk tm;xkwfpGJNrJaomolwdkYtm;
aAmZif 7-yg; yGm;rsm;rIudp NyD;pD;ykHudk jyqdkaytHh/
1/ owd o ar m Zi
Zif
owdy|mef tvkyfrsKd; jzpfcJh wpfaeYwpfjcm; xdktmkH
owdpGJNrJrI wdk;yGm; oGm;rIonf owdoarmZifw&m; yGm;rsm;rI
rnf\/
,o ora, bduKaem Oy|dwm owd a[mwd
torK|m/
owd o ar m Za*F g wo o ra, bd u K aem
tm&a'g a[mwd/
(tmemygewdokwf ygVdawmf)
aemufum; - ygVdawmfudk rxkwfNyD? t"dyg,frQudkom jyqdktHh/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

50

,o ora,=tMuiftcg? bduK aem=tmemyge tvkyu

f kd
tm;xkwfaom a,m*D &[ef;tm;? owd= tmemygewd onf?
Oy|d w m=pG J N rJ p G m wnf o nf ? a[mwd = jzpf \ ? tor K |m=
owdvGwfonfr&dSNyD? wo ora,=xdktcg? bduKaem=&[ef;
tm;? owdoarmZa*Fg=owdoarmZiw
f &m;onf? tm&a'g=Ny;D pD;
onf? a[mwd=jzpf\/
2/ "r 0 d p ,oar m Zif
xdktmeygetvkyfudk tm;xkwfaom olwdkYtm; xdktvkyf
wGiyf g0ifaom "rwdYk wpfaeYwpfjcm; tqifjcif tpOf;pm; tvdrm
yGm;rsm;oGm;rIonf "r0dp,oarmZifw&m; yGm;rsm;rIrnf\/
3/ 0D & d , oar m Zif
xdt
k vkyf wpfaeYwpfjcm; 0D&,
d w&m;wd;k yGg;oGm;rIonf
0D&d,oarmZif w&m;yGm;rsm;rIrnf\/
4/ yD w d o ar m Zif
yDwdy#doHa0'D tjzpfokdY a&mufojzifh xdktmkH xdktrI
wpfaeYwpfjcm; pdwaf ysmaf rGUjcif; yGg;pD;oGm;rIonf yDwo
d armZif
w&m; jzpfyGm;rIrnf\/
5/ y' d o ar m Zif
xkdtmkH xdktrI pdwfaysmfarGYjcif; yDwdw&m;jzpfyGm;aom
tcgrSp xdt
k vkyf ysi;f &djcif;? idu
k rf sO;f jcif; tp&daS om ylavmifrI

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

51

wkdYonf tpOftwdkif;Nidrf;ukef\? xdktcg y'doarmZif

w&m;yGm;rsm;rIrnf\/
6/ orm"d o ar m Zif
y' d w &m; yG m ;rsm;onf & d S a omf xk d t mk H pd w f \
aumif;pGmwnfMunfjcif; [laom orm"doarmZifw&m;vnf;
jzpfymG ;awmhonf/
7/ Oayu m oar m Zif
orm"doarmZif w&m;jzpfyGm;onf&dSaomf pdwfrNidrf
oufrItwGufESifh aMumifhMupdkufzG,fr&dS? vspfvsLIaomtm;jzifh
xdt
k mkH pdwu
f v
kd w
T
f xm;&awmhonf? xkt
d cg Oayum oarmZif
w&m;yGm;rsm;rIrnf\/
ygVdawmfum;--- jyqdck NhJ y;D aom owdy|mefw&m; av;yg;
wkdYwGif wpfyg;yg; oarmZifw&m; ckepfyg; ckepfyg; pD&ifykHudk
tus,fa[mawmfrl\/
aAmZif c k e pf y g; yG m ;rsm;rI u d p N yD ; yk H NyD ; \/
-------tmemygetvk y f j zif h r*f zk d v f w nf ; [l a om
0d Z m 0d r k w d o d k Y a&muf E d k i f y k H
0d y emwuf e nf ;
,cktcg tmeygetvkyfrS quf 0dyem0dZmvrf;
r*0dZmvrf; zdkvf[laom 0drkwdvrf; zGifhenf; wufenf;udk

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

52

jyawmfrljcif;iSm1/
]]uxH bm0dwm p bdua0 owaAmZ*Fg uxH
A[kvDuwm 0dZm0drkw y&dyla&Ed? " bdua0
bduK owdoarmZ* bma0wd 0da0ueddwH
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
2/
"r0dp,oarmZ* bma0wd 0da0ueddwH
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
3/
0D & d , oar m Z* bma0wd 0d a 0ued d w H
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
4/
yD w d o ar m Z* bma0wd 0d a 0ued d w H
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
5/
y' d o ar m Z* bma0wd 0d a 0ued d w H
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
6/
orm"d o ar m Z* bma0wd 0d a 0ued d w H
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
7/
OayumoarmZ* bma0wd 0da0ueddwH
0d&m*edw
d H eda&m"edw
d H a0g*y&dPmr/
{0H bm0dwm acg bdua0 owaAmZ*Fg {0H
A[kvDuwm 0dZm0drkw y&dyla&EDwd}}/
(tmemygewdokwf ygVdawmf)

1/ bdua 0=&[ef;wd?Yk owaAmZ*gF =ckepfyg;aom aAmZif

w&m;wdkYonf? uxH bm0dwm=tb,fokdY txl;&nf&G,f yGm;ap
tyfuek o
f nf&aSd omf? uxH A[kvu
D xm=tb,foYdk txl;&nf&,
G
f

tpodYk

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53

tBudrfrsm;pGm jyKtyfukefonf&dSaomf? 0dZm0drkw=0dZmw&m;

0drkwdw&m;udk? y&dyla&Ed=NyD;jynhfpkHapEdkifukefoenf;[lrlum;bdua0=&[ef;wdkY? "=omoem? bduK=&[ef;onf?
owdoarmZ*= owdoarmZiu
f ?kd 0da0uedw
d =H udavomwk\
Yd
qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rDSonfudk? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=
udavomwkdY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefudk rDSonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
2/ "=omoem? bduK=&[ef;onf? "r0dp,
oarmZ*="r0dp,oarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH=udavomwdkY\
qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=
udavomwdkY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
3/ "= omoem? bd u K = &[ef ; onf ? 0D & d ,
oarmZ*=0D&d,oarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH= udavomwdkY\
qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=
udavomwdkY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/

tpodYk

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4/ "=omoem? bduK=&[ef;onf? yDwd oarmZ*=

yDwdoarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH=udavomwdkY\ qdwfNidrf&m
edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH= udavomwdkY\
aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? eda&m"eddwH=
udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdkYudk pGefYvTwf&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
5/ "=omoem? bd u K =&[ef ; onf ? y' d
oarmZ*=y'doarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH= udavomwdkY\
qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=
udavomwdkY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
6/ "=omoem? bd u K =&[ef ; onf ? orm"d
oarmZ*=orm"doarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH=udavomwdkY\
qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=
udavomwdkY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
7/ "=omoem? bd u K =&[ef ; onf ? Oayu m
oarmZ*=OayumoarmZifudk? 0da0ueddwH= udavomwdkY\

tpodYk

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qdwfNidrf&m edAmefudk rSDonfukd? uwGm=jyK? 0d&m*eddwH=

udavomwdkY\ aysmufysuf&m edAmefukd rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK?
eda&m"eddwH=udavomwdkY\ csKyfqkH;&m edAmefudk rSDonfudk?
uwGm=jyK? a0g*y&dPmr=udavomwdu
Yk kd pGev
Yf w
T &f m edAm efukd
rSDonfudk? uwGm=jyK? bma0wd=yGg;rsm;ap\/
bdua0=&[ef;wdkY? {0H=okdY? bm0dwm=yGg;rsm;aptyfukef
aom? {0H=okdY? A[kvDuwm=tBudrfrsm;pGm jyKtyfukefaom?
owaAmZ*Fg=ckepfyg;aom aAmZifw&m;wdkYonf? 0dZm0drkw=0dZm
w&m; 0drkwdw&m;ukd? y&dyla&Ed=NyD;jynfhpkHapukef\/
ed A m ef \ trnf r sm;
0d a ou 0d & m* ed a &m" a0g* - [l a omtrnf
av;yg;onf edAmef\ trnfcsnf;wnf;/
0d a 0ued d w
,ckb0yif edAmefokdY aygufa&mufzdkY &nfpl; yGg;rsm;
onfudk 0da0ueddwqdkownf;/ (0d0eddw qdkvdkonf/)
0ed d w
ukokdvf&kHrQyGg;rsm;vQif 0eddwrnf\/
*Pemenf;? tEkAEemenf;? Oypm&psmef tyempsmef
[laom xyemenf;wdjYk zifh tpOftwdik ;f tm;xkwjf zpfygG ; vmonf
Sdaomf owdy|mefav;yg;ESifhwuG aAmZifckepfyg;xlaxmifrdNyD/

tpodYk

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56

0#f w &m;buf ,d r f ; ,k d i f w wf y k H
xdo
k x
Ydk al xmifrad omfvnf; aoonf\tjcm;rJh ewftjzpf
jA[mtjzpf[laom 0#fbufokdY udkif;Idif; ay;jyefvQifaAmZif
ckepfyg;wdkYonf 0eddw rsdK;jzpf oGm;jyefukef\/ Oypm&psmef?
ty e mpsmef ? ted p m Ek y em jzpf u mrQjzif h tNyD ; owf
xm;cJhonfSdaomf 0#fbufokdYvJ oGm;ukefvwHU/
0d 0
xdaYk Mumifh xdrk QavmufwiG f tNy;D owfrxm;yJ ,ckb0
yif 0d0pcef;okdY qdkufa&muf onfwdkifatmif igtm;xkwfrnf[k
tBuHjyK tm;xkwfonfudk 0da0ueddwH 0d&m*eddwH
eda&m"eddwH a0g*y&dPmr [l qdkownf;/
xdkokdY wdk;wufoGm;rSom 0dZm0drkwdokdY qdkufEdkifonf?
0dZm0drkwdokdYqdkufrSom 0da0u 0d&m* eda&m" a0g* [laom
0d0"rokdY ,ckb0 aygufa&mufEdkifonf/
aAm"d y u d , NyD ; pD ; yk H tqif h q if h
0d 0
0d0qdo
k nfum;-edAm efuq
kd o
kd wnf;/ / ,cktcgomoem
awmfwGif; BuHKBudKufMuol vlSiftaygif;wdkYrSmvnf; ,ckb0
0d0"rwpfckudkom udk,fusdK;udk,fpD;yGg;[k *kBuD;pkdufcGifhSd
acsonf/

tpodYk

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r*f z d k v f & rS ed A m ef & jcif ;

0d0"rukd &vdak omaMumifh 0dZm 0drw
k Ed pS yf g;ukd &atmif
tm;xkw&f jyefonf/
aAmZif 7-yg;jynf h p k H r S r*f z d k v f & jcif ;
0dZm0drkwdESpfyg;ukd &jcif;iSg aAmZifckepfyg;ukd xlaxmif&
jyefonf/ aAmZicf ek pfyg;ukd xlaxmifjcif;iSg owdy|mefav;yg;udk
xlaxmif&jyefonf/ owdy|mefav;yg;ukd xlaxmifjcif;iSg
tmemygeur|mef;tvkyfudk tm;xkwf&avonf/
tmemygetvkyjf zifh owdy|mefav;yg; aAmZicf ek pfyg;
0dZm 0drw
k Ed pS yf g; Ny;D pD;cJo
h nfadS omf tvk;H pkaH om aAm"dyu,
d w&m;
37-yg;wdkYonf NyD;pD;Muukefawmhonf/
um;- tmemygeok w f ygVd a wmf j rwf \
yd @ w t "d y g ,f /
0dZm0drkwdESpfyg;okdY tjrefaygufa&mufapEdkifaom
enf;vrf;[lonfvnf; tjcm;wpfyg; r[kwfNyD? ]]tedpmEkyD
todmrDwd oduwd}} tpSdonfjzifh xkwfjycJhNyD;aom
pwkwp wkut
pDt&ifaywnf;? aAmZicf ek pfyg;ukd xajrmufatmif
xlaxmif xdkpwku\ t&jzpfaom tedpmEkyemrIukd
0da0ueddwjyK tm;xkwfonfSdaomf aS;OD;pGm aomwmywd
r*fzdkvfwnf;[laom 0dZm0drkwdokdY a&muf 'd|d0dpdudpm 'kpkduf
cyfodrf; 'k&mZD0cyfodrf; tyg,f'kucyfodrf;wdkY\ tNyD;vGwfNidrf;

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jcif;[laom oOyg'daooedAm ef[q

k t
kd yfaom 0d0"rudk ,ckb0
wGifyif &Edkifavownf;/
0d Z m 0d r k w d o k d Y a&muf E d k i f y k H NyD ; \/
--------------tmemygewd E S i f h 0d o k ' d 6-yg;
k y f 'd | d 0 d o k ' d tpD t &if
,cktcg xdk ]]tedpmEkyD todmrDwd oduwd}}
tpSdaom pwkwpwku tpDt&ifudk t>rufrQ jyqdkaytHh/
0d y emok d Y wuf E d k i f o nf h vk y f i ef ; tajccH r sm;
okwe yf gVdawmf t|uxmwdYk um;- tmemyge tyem
psmefav;yg;ukd&NyD;rS pwku tpDt&ifokdYwuf tm;xkwfrIukd
jyqdu
k ek \
f / uJo
h Ydk wufEikd yf grl txGwt
f xdyf jzpfay\? uJo
h Ydk
rwufEdkifSdcJhrlum;-1/
wwd,psmefrv
S nf; 0dyemvrf;okYd wuf&yg\/
2/
'kwd,psmefrSvnf; wuf&yg\/
3/
yxrpsmefrSvnf; wuf&yg\/
4/
tyempsmefokdYyif rqdkufrl Oypm&psmefrSvnf;
wuf&yg\/
5/
tEkAEemtcef;rSvnf; wuf&yg\/
6/
xdkxdk vIyfSm; ajy;oGm;aom pdwf0dwuf\
Nidrf;jcif;okdY a&mufNyD;aom *Pem tcef;rSvnf;
0dyemvrf;okdY wuf&yg\/

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0d y emwuf e nf ; 2-rsd K ;
0dyemvrf;okdY wufaomtcgvnf;1/ tmemygetmkHESifh zufwGJ wufenf;
2/ tmemygeIru
I kd Oypm&udpr Q jyKvyk
f cEmig;yg;
ponfwdkYwGif tvdkSd&m ocFg&"rukd,l wuf
enf;[l ESpfyg;Sd\/
xdkwGif okwefygVdawmf-tedpmEkyD todmrDwd oduwd?
tedpmEkyD yodmrDwd oduwd/
[l tmemygetmkHESifh zufwGJ wufenf;onfvm\/
xdkygVdawmf\ t"dyg,fum;-xGufoufvTwfrnf jyKonfSdaomf trSwfwrJh rvTwfrl
tedp xifatmifI vTwfrnf[k vTwfwdkif; vTwfwdkif; tedp
reodum& aSUoGm; NraJ p&m\-[lvo
kd nf? 0ifoufvnf; xdek nf;
wlodav/
um;-xd k y gVd a wmf \ wd k u f k d u f t "d y g ,f w nf ; /
0d y em xl a xmif y k H 2-rsd K ;
0dyemtvkyf wnfaxmifrIonf1/ kyfudk tpjyK wnfaxmifrI
2/ emrfudk tpjyK wnfaxmifrI[l ESpfyg;Sd\/

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60

k y f j zif h p 0d y em xl a xmif y k H
*Pemtcef;rS 0dyemvrf;okYd wufvrkd u
l m;--xGuo
f uf
0ifouf[laom kyfudk tpjyK wnfaxmif&m\? tb,fhaMumifh
enf;qdkaomf xdktcef; xGufouf 0ifouf[laom kyfonfom
vQif PfxifSm;ao;aomaMumifhwnf;/ tEkAEemtcef;rS
wuf&mvnf; xdkYtwlyifwnf;/
emrf j zif h p 0d y emxl a xmif y k H
xyemESpfcef;wGif Oypm&orm"d tcef;onf-1/ a0'emEkyemcef;
2/ pdwmEkyemcef;-[l 2-yg;Sd\/
a0'emEk y em
]]yDwyd # o
d aH 0'D okcy#o
d aH 0'D}} csaD om 'kw,
d pwkuo
nf
a0'emEkyem cef;rnf\/
pd w m Ek y em
]]pdwy # o
d aH 0'D}} csaD om wwd,pwkuo
nf pdwm Ekyem
cef;rnf\/
xdk 2-cef;wdkYwGif--a0'emEkyemcef;rS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufvdkaomf
a0'em[laomemrfudk tpjyK wuf&rnf/

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pdwmEkyemcef;rS wufvdkaomf pdwf-[laom emrfudk

tpjyK wuf&rnf/
tyemorm"drw
S uf&mum; a0'em pdww
u
Ykd akd omfvnf;
aumif; rdrd&tyfNyD;aom psmefygSdaom psmeft*FgwdkYudkaomf
vnf;aumif; tpjyK wuf&rnf/
*PemrS 0d y emok d Y wuf y k H
,cktcg tpqkH;aom *Pemcef;rS kyfudktpjyK
0dyemvrf;zGifhenf;ukd tusOf;rQ jyqdkaytHh/
aSUjyqdkcJhNyD;onfhtwdkif; *Pemcef; NyD;pD;onfhaemuf
tEkAEemcef;okdY wufcGifhqdkufaeaomtcg xdktEkAEemtcef;okdY
rvdkufrl ]]tedpmEkyD todmrDwd oduwd}}[laom
pwkwpwkut& tedp0dyemcef;okdY wuf&m\/
*Pemcef; NyD;pD;aom cPduorm"dudk Oypm&orm"d
t&m tNrJxm;&m\/
xm;yk H u m;-0dyemtvkyu
f kd vkyaf omolonf vljzpfc
hJ wpfaeYv;Hk
wpfnOfhvkH; rvkyfEdkifSdojzifh wpfaeY wpfnOfhtzdkY 24-em&D
SdonfwGif 4-em&Dwefonf 3-em&Dwefonf tcsdefrSefxm;
tm;xkw&f rnf/

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0d y emvk y f i ef ; tmemygewd u d k
pwif j yKvk y f & jcif ;
tvkycf iG o
f Ydk 0ifwikd ;f 0ifwikd ;f pdw0f w
d ufukd okwo
f ifjcif;iSg
aS;OD;pGm tmemygewd0ifpm;&rnf/ pdwf0dwuf Nidrfoufaom
tcgrS 0dyem reodum&udk tm;xkwf&rnf/
0dyem reodum& xajrmuf r*f zdkvfokdY a&mufNyD;
onfw
h ikd af tmif xdt
k memygewdukd rvTw&f Ny?D zdv
k u
f 0kd ifpm;aom
tcgyif xdkowdudk Oypm&orm"dt&m tNrJxm;&m\/
0d Z m Pf 5-yg;
0dyemvrf;--1/ 'd|d0dok'd?
2/ ucFg0dw&P0dok'd?
3/ r*gr*P'e0dok'd?
4/ y#dy'g P'e0dok'd?
5/ P'e0dok'd?
[l 0dok'dtpOf orm'd|d 0dZmPftjym; ig;yg;Sd\/ /
xdkig;yg;wdkYwGif xGufouf 0ifouf 'd|d0dok'dtvkyfudk jyqdktHh/

tpodYk

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63

xG u f o uf 0if o uf E S i f h 'd | d 0 d o k ' d

xG u f o uf 0if o uf "mwf B uD ; 4-yg; xif S m ;rI u d k I y k H
k y f " mwf 8-yg;
xdkxGufouf 0ifouf ajr"mwf a&"mwf rD;"mwf
av"mwf tqif;"mwf teHY"mwf &o"mwf MoZm"mwf-[l
tNrJtm;jzifh kyf"mwf Spfyg;Sd\? toHjzpfaomtcg o'"mwfESifh
wuG kyf"mwfudk;yg;&Sd\? xdkwGif ajr a& av rD;-[laom
"mwfBuD;av;yg;onfom vdk&if;y"mewnf;/
yx0D " mwf
ajr"mwfqdkonfum; cufrmrIBud,mwnf;/ cufrmrIqdk
onfum; cyfodrf;aom kyftaqmuftOD [lorQwdkY trmcHrI
qdkvdkonf/ xdktrmcHrIonf vGefuJ cufrmaom tjzpfokdY
a&mufaom 0wKrsdK;wdkY vufESifhprf;oyf xdyg;vQif rmonf[k
odomxifSm;\/ aea&mifva&mif ponfwdkYuJhokdY trmcHtae
rQwnfrlum; prf;oyfr& odrfarGUvS\/
,kwdtm;jzifhrlum;-Pf xifSm;yg\/
zGJUap;rI-[laom a&"mwfonf trmcH0wKrSdaomfvnf;
tb,fudkzGJUrnfenf;/
ylavmifrI-[laom rD;"mwfonf trmcHrD;pm rSdcJhaomf
tb,fudk pJGavmifrnfenf;/
rD;"mwf\ tSed t
f [kejf zpfaom <u&Gaxmufuefr-I [laom
av"mwfonf trmcH axmuf&m uef&m0wK rSdcJhaomf

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tb,fokdY <uEdkif &GEdkifygrnfenf;/

um;-,kwdtm;jzifh Pf xifSm;ykHwnf;/
tmayg"mwf
]]tmo ymoum,}} [k um,o'gESihf qd&k atmif
tpktkH;wpfckjzpfrIonf a&"mwfzGJUap;rIwnf;/
awaZm"mwf
xGufouf 0ifouf ygSdaom ylrI at;rIonf rD;"mwf
wnf;/
0ga,m"mwf
vIyfrI Sm;rIonf av"mwfwnf;/
xGuo
f uf 0ifoufum;- av"mwfveG u
f \
J ? xGuo
f uf
0if o uf "mwf a v;yg;S d r I ,k w d u d k oabmusEd k i f y gvQif
wpfudk,fvkH; oabmusEdkifawmhonf? oabmusonfhtwdkif;
xGufouf 0ifouf "mwfav;yg;ukd toD;toD; jrifEdkifygvQif
wpfudk,fvkH; jrifEdkifawmhonf/
y&rw Pf j zpf j cif ;
xGufouf 0ifouf cufrmrI zGJUap;rI ylaEG;rI vIyf&GrI
[laom Bud,mav;csufonfom y&rwtm;jzifh xif&Sm;&Sd\/
toD;toD; xdak v;csuw
f u
Ykd kd xdatmif tmkjH yKaom Pfonfom
y&rwodkY qdkufa&mufaomPf rnf\/

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65

ou m ,'d | d j zpf y k H
xdkav;csufudk rodrl t&Snftwdk oPmeftaeESifh
xGuo
f uf0ifouf[-k odjrifrw
S o
f m;rIonf oum,'d|v
d rf;wnf;?
'd|dvrf;um; xGufouf0ifouf\tponf csufwdkifwnf;?
tqkH;onf ESmoD;zsm;wnf;? tpwpfMudrfom jzpfrI&Sd\? tqkH;
wpfMudrfom ysufrI&Sd\? tv,frlum; tcgcgjzpfrI tcgcg
ysufrI[l r&SdjyD? 0ifoufvnf; xdkenf;wl 0ifouf\tponf
ESmoD;zsm;wnf;? tqk;H onf csuw
f ikd &f if;wnf; [l qdak v/ um;
ykxkZOfwdkYpdwf tdk;pdkufaeaom 'd|drIwnf;/
cyfodrf;aomudk,ftpkwdkY uJhodkYaom 'd|dtdk;pdkufBuD;
toD;toD; &Sdaeonfudk tukefjrifajrmfrdap/
xGufouf0ifouf 'd|dtdk;pdkufBuD; aysmufuG,fav
atmif xdkxGufouf0ifoufyif okwfoif&m\/
k y f ou m ,'d | d ok w f o if y k H
tb,fodkYokwfoif&moenf;[lrlum; toD;toD; "mwf
trIBuD; av;yg;udk Pfpdkufrd y&rw"mwftjrifaygufaom
tcg t&Snftwdk oPmeftaeESifh xGufouf0ifouf[k odjrif
xifrSwf aeaom 'd|dtdk;pdkufBuD;onf xdkPfudk0ifpm;
Ivdkufwdkif; Ivdkufwdkif; uG,faysmufav\? t&SnftwdkoPmef
[l r&Sd? xGufouf0ifouf[lyif r&Sd? "mwftrIBuD;av;yg;
onfom &Sd\[k- 'd|d0dok'dPfaygufav\/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

66

xGufouf0ifoufrS<uif;aom qHyif arG;nif;tp&Sdaom

wpfudk,fvkH;rSmvnf; twdkt&Snftp&Sdaom j'AfoPmeftaeESifh
um; qHyifwnf; um;- arG;nif;wnf; tp&Sdonfjzifh
odjrifxifrSwfaeMuaom 'd|dtdk;pdkufBuD; toD;toD; &SdMu\?
"mwftrIBuD; av;yg;vnf; toD;toD;&SdMu\? xdkqHyif arG;nif;
tp&Sad om wpfu,
kd v
f ;Hk rSmvnf; "mwftrIBu;D av;yg; Pftjrif
aygufonf&Sdaomf oPmef toD;toD;ESifh qHyif qHyif[kodjrifxifrw
S
f aeaom 'd|t
d d;k pku
d Bf u;D onf xd
k Pfu0kd ifpm;
aeorQ umvywfvkH; uG,faysmufvwHY? qHyif[l r&SdrI xif&Sm;
vw?YH xdo
k x
Ykd if&mS ;aomtcg qHyif 'd|0d o
d 'k
d Pf aygufav\/
arG;nif;paom wpfu,
kd v
f ;Hk vnf; 'd|t
d d;k pdu
k Bf u;D toD;
toD;&SdMuykH "mwftrIBuD;av;yg; toD;toD; tjrifayguf
onf&Sdaomf 'd|d0dok'd toD;toD;jzpfykHudk qHyifenf;wl odav/
k y f 'd | d 0 d o k ' d tpD t &if jyD ; \/
----------------------emrf 'd | d 0 d o k ' d tpD t &if
xGufouf0ifoufudk tmkHjyKaompdwf "mwftrIBuD;
av;yg;udk tmkHjyKaompdwf? xdkpdwfwdkYyg&Sdaom owd 0D&d,
PfynmwdkYonf emrfrnfukef\/
- tmkHudk odjcif;trIonf pdwfwnf;/
- tmkHudk txyfxyf trSwf&jcif;trIonf owd
wnf;/

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

67

xdktvkyf tm;xkwfjcif;trIonf 0D&d,wnf;/

xdktmkH xdktvkyfwdkY vdrm&ef tcGifhudk odjcif;trI
onf Pfynmwnf;/
xGufouf 0ifoufudk igtmkHjyKrnf[k-odjrif xifrSwfrI
onf pdwf 'd|dtkd;pkdufBuD;wnf;/ 'd|d tkd;pkdufBuD;ukd Pf
aysmufuG,favatmif pdwfokwfoif&m\/
emrf ou m ,'d | d ok w f o if y k H
tb,foo
Ydk w
k o
f if&moenf;[lru
l m;- xGuo
f uf 0ifouf
udk tmkHjyKrI Bud,monf pdwf"mwfwpfckwnf;? ESvkH; xdk"mwf
jzpfay:aeqJtcg xGufouf 0ifoufudk tmkHjyKrIBud,m
ay:ae\/
xdt
k rI xdBk u,
d monf emrf\ Bu,
d mrwomwnf;/
kyfcEmvnf;r[kwf kyfcEmtrIvnf; r[kwf/
yk*dKvfvnf; r[kwf? yk*dKvf\trIvnf; r[kwf/
ow0gvnf; r[kw?f ow0g\trIvnf; r[kw/f
igvnf; r[kwf? ig\trIvnf; r[kwf/
pdwf[lvnf;aumif; 0dnmPf[lvnf;aumif; emrf
[lvnf;aumif; tbd"rm a[mawmfrlaom "mwftrIwpfck
toD;tjcm;omwnf;[k tjrifI&m\/
kyfcEmESifhvnf;aumif; yk*dKvf ow0g igwdkYESifhvnf;
aumif; a&m,Suaf xG;vk;H raeapvif?h a&m,Suaf xG;vk;H jcif;rSyd J
xdt
k mkjH yKru
I kd Pfpu
dk rf ad omtcg pdw[
f al om emrf"mwfwpfck

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

68

Pftjrifaygufcv
hJ Qif owd 0D&,
d Pfynm[laom emrf"mwf
wdkYvnf; PftjrifaygufEdkifawmhonf? pdwf"mwfwpfckom
vd&k if;wnf;/
emrf 'd | d 0 d o k ' d tpD t &if N yD ; \/
'd | d 0 d o k ' d t >ruf NyD ; \/
==========
ucF g 0d w &P0d o k ' d tpD t &if
wpfu,
kd v
f ;Hk rSm ky"f mwftrIBu;D av;yg; pdw"f mwftrIBu;D
wpfyg;[l "mwftrIBuD;ig;ckukd toD;toD; Pftjrifayguf
atmif tm;xkwNf y;D aemuf ucFg0dw&P0do'k
d Pfukd jzpfap&m\?
tb,fokdY jzpfap&moenf;[lrlum; y#dporkyg'frIukd Pftjrif
aygufvQif ucFg0dw&P0dok'd jzpfawmhonf/
ucF g qd k o nf u m; 0dpdudpmwnf;/
terw*oHo&m "mwftrIBuD;ig;ckwdkY\ jzpfEdkif&ef
taMumif;ukd avmu taxGaxGtvmvm BuHzefpJG,lMuaom
rdpm0g' trsm;Sd\? kyfw&m; emrfw&m;wdkY\ y#dporkyg'frIukd
ae&mwus rodonft
h wGuaf Mumifh xdrk pd m 0g'rsm;okv
Yd nf;aumif;
edpt
,l twt,lrsm;okv
Yd nf;aumif; pdwo
f abm udik ;f Iid ;f vsuf
SMd u\/
um; omrn0dpdudpm wnf;? ta[mo Ekacg t[H
twDwr'geH-ponfum; 0daoo 0Dpdudpmwnf;/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

69

wpfudk,fvkH; kyf"mwfrIBuD; av;yg;onf-1/ uHaMumifhjzpfonf av;yg;?

2/ pdwfaMumifhjzpfonf av;yg;?
3/ OwkaMumifhjzpfonf av;yg;?
4/ tm[m&aMumifhjzpfonf av;yg;?
[l taMumif;av;yg;ukd od&m\/
1/

2/

3- 4/

aS;aS; jyKcJhNyD;aom uHa[mif;udk tpJGjyK

wpfudk,fvkH; jrpfa&t,OfuJhokdY tpOfrjywf
cPrpJ wzGm;zGm; jzpfay:aeaom "mwftrIBu;D
av;yg;onf uHaMumifhjzpfonfh av;yg;rnf\/
xdx
k ckd P jzpfqjJ zpfqaJ om xdx
k pkd w
d u
f dk tpJjG yK
olUpdwfESifhol wzGm;zGm; jzpfay:aeaom "mwf
trIBuD;av;yg;onf pdwfaMumifhjzpfonfh av;
yg;rnf\/
Owk tm[m&wdkYvnf;? enf;wl wpfaeY
wpfaeYtzdw
Yk iG f ud,
k t
f *FgwdYk at;rI ylr-I [laom
xdx
k Okd wktcdu
k f tvSnu
hf pkd
GJ olUOwkEiS o
hf l "mwf
trIBuD;av;yg; wzGm;zGm;jzpf aerIukdvnf;
aumif; olUtm[m& "mwfyGg;cdkufudk tpJGjyK
olU"mwfBuD;av;yg; wzGm;zGm;jzpf aerIudkvnf;
aumif; a0zef odav/

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

70

pdw"f mwfrlum;- xGuo

f uf 0ifouf[al om tmku
H v
kd nf;
aumif; rSD&m0wKkyfudkvnf;aumif; tpJGjyK olYxGufoufESifh
olYpdwf olY0ifoufESifholYpdwf aejcnfrQif wHvSyfrQifwdkYuJhokdY tpOf
jzpfyGg;aeonfudk odav/
um; "mwftrIBu;D ig;yg;wd\
Yk y#dpo
rkyg 'ftcsuw
f nf;?
y#dporkyg'ftcsufudk PftjrifaygufcJhvQif ucFg0dw&P
0do'k d Ny;D pD;avawmhonf? edp tw txifukd vGeEf ikd af wmhonf/
ucF g 0d w &P0d o k ' d tpD t &if N yD ; \/
----------------0d y emvrf ; ok d Y wuf e nf ;
y"me"mwf B uD ; ig;yg;
ajr"mwf a&"mwf rD;"mwf av"mwf pdwf"mwf [l
y"me"mwfBu;D ig;yg;/
- uH pdwf Owk tm[m&[l ky\
f jzpfaMumif; w&m;
av;yg;/
- 0wK tmkH [l emrf\jzpfaMumif;w&m; ESpfyg;/
w&m;tpkukd kyfemrfESpfyg;jyK xm;NyD;vQif xdkw&m;
wdkYudkvnf;aumif; xdkw&m;wdkY\jzpfrI ysufrIwdkYukdvnf;aumif;
PfjzifhaphaphI]]lyH tedpH c,a|e?
'kuH b,a|e?
tewm tom&ua|e}}-

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

tpodYk

71

[l vuPma&;okH;yg;jzifh tzefzefokH;oyfjcif;[laom
0dyemw&m;udk tm;xkwf&m\/ um;-]]tedpmEkyD t
odmrDwd oduwd}} [laom ygVdawmfenf;tm;jzifh xGufouf
0ifoufESifh zufwJG 0dyemvrf;okdY wufykHt>rufwnf;/
wpfenf;rlum;- xGuo
f uf 0ifoufrI u
I kd Oypm&udpj yK
rdrd od&if;Sad eaom cEmig;yg; kyef mrfw&m;wdu
Yk kd xdt
Yk wl Pfjzifh
aphaphIvnf; okH;oyf&m\/ / Oypm&udprI qdkonfum;tcsdefem&Dxm; tm;xkwfolwdkYrSm tvkyfcGifokdY 0ifaomtcg
0ifwikd ;f 0ifwikd ;f pdwu
f ckd sKyw
f nf;jcif;iSg wnfNird af pjcif;iSg aS;OD;pGm
xGuo
f uf 0ifoufukd Irw
I nf;/ pdww
f nfNird af omtcgrS tvdk &dS m
cEmukd I&m\/
um;-*Pemtcef;rS 0dyemvrf;okYd wuf&m t>ruf
rQ jyqdck suw
f nf;? tjynft
h pkjH zpfaom 0dyemvkyef nf; tpDt&if
udrk u
l m;--tm[m&'DyeD tew'yD eD pmtkyw
f rYkd mS Munfh
I ,lav/
*Pemtcef ; rS 0d y emvrf ; ok d Y
wuf e nf ; t>ruf N yD ; \/
--------- --------rS m xm;csuf
1/
2/
3/

tEkAEemtcef;rS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufenf;?

Oypm&orm"d[al om xyemtcef;rS 0dyemvrf;
okdY wufenf;?
tyemorm"d[laom xyemav;&yfwdkYwGif yxr
psmefrS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufenf;?

tpodYk

tmemyge'DyeDusrf;

72

4/ 'kwd,psmefrS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufenf;?

5/ wwd,psmefrS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufenf;?
6/ pwkwpsmefrS 0dyemvrf;okdY wufenf;-[l *Pemtcef;rS txuf ajcmufqifh ajcmufvrf;Sd
onfrmS vnf; *Pemtcef;rSm jyqdck NhJ y;D aom enf;vrf;ukd tpOfr;DS
odMuav/
1/ usefSdaom 0dok'dokH;yg;wdkY\jzpfykH tpDt&if?
2/ 0dyemPfq,fyg;wdkY\jzpfykH tpDt&if?
3/ aomwmywdr*fPf zdkvfPf[laom 0dZm0drkwd
wd\
Yk jzpfyHk tpDt&ifukd oHaygufvuFmjzifh igwdpYk &D if
aom oN*K[f 9-ydkif;tusOf;csKyf y&rwoHcdyfusrf;
ur|mef;ykdif;rSm ,lMuav/
wGifa&GUum; t|uxmwdkYvmaom okwmEkavmr
enf;ESiw
hf uG tmemygewdow
k f ygVdawmfukd tpOfr;DS tusO;f rQ
jyqdkvdkufaom tmemygeur|mef; tpDt&ifNyD;\/
tmemyge'D y eD u srf ; NyD ; NyD /
======= ========