JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

CHAPTER 5: LIGHT
In each of the following sentences, fill in the rac!et the appropriate word or words gi"en elow# solid, liquid, gas, vacuum, electromagnetic wave, energy $# Light is a form of % &# '# It tra"els in the form of % & (# In can tra"el through % & 4# It tra"els fastest in the medium of % & 5# Light of different colours tra"els at the same speed in the medium of % Light allows us to see o )ects# Light can e reflected or refracted# 5.1 UNDERSTANDING REFLECTION OF LIGHT Plane mirror and refle !ion* In the o+es pro"ided for the diagram elow, write the name of each of the parts shown#

&

Plane mirror La"# of Refle !ion* ,tate the laws of reflection# %i& -----------------------------------# ---------------------------------## --#

r Plane mirror

%ii&

-----------------------------------# #

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

-----------------------------------# # E$er i#e 1. .he diagram elow shows how the relationship etween incident angle and reflected angle can e in"estigated# Fill in the "alues of the angles of reflection, r in the ta le elow

mirror i r
/N /FF /N /FF

i r

mirror

Laser pen

Laser pen

ir$0'0(04050

E$er i#e %:
/riginal direction Mirror

1ased on the diagram on the left, calculate the angle, # 2ence determine the angle of de"iation, d#

50
o o

normal

E$er i#e &*

'

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Mirror efore rotation

Mirror rotated o

Incident ray

norm

al

7eflected ray efore rotation 7eflected ray after rotation

1ased on the diagram a o"e, when the mirror is rotated an angle , without changing the incident ray, what is the angle rotated ,, for the reflected ray in terms of 5

Ima'e formed () a *lane mirror* 3sing the law of reflection, complete the ray diagram to determine the position of the image#
6 1

o )ect

i$ r$

8ye

4hat can you say a out the line )oining o )ect and image5 --------------4hat can you say a out the distances 61 and 1C5 ------------------## Differen e# (e!"een real and +ir!,al ima'e*

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

7eal image9irtual imageCan e caught on a screenCannot e caught on a screenFormed y the meeting of real rays#Form at a position where rays appear to e originating#

C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e formed () *lane mirror* / ser"e the pictures elow as well as using pre"ious !nowledge, list the characteristics# i& ii& iii& i"&
o )ect
mir ror

image

E$er i#e 1* Complete the ray diagram elow consisting of ' rays originating from the o )ect, reflected and entering the eye such that the eye sees the image#

Mirror

8ye

o )ect

E$er i#e %*

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

6hmad is mo"ing with speed ' m s:$ towards a plane mirror# 6hmad and his image will approach each other at $ m s:$ ' m s:$ ( m s:$ 4 m s:$ E$er i#e &* Four point o )ects 6, 1, C and ; are placed in front of a plane mirror MN as shown# 1etween their images, which can e seen y the eye5

8ye
6 1 C ;

ACTI.IT/*

Find out some of the uses of plane mirrors %application of reflection&#

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

C,r+ed 0irror#* Concave mirror Convex mirror

C r

C r

Terminolo')* 7efer to the diagrams a o"e and gi"e the names for the following*
C = r = P = PC =

Effe ! of ,r+ed mirror# on in iden! ra)#* a& In iden! ra)# *arallel !o !-e *rin i*al a$i#*

Concave mirror

Convex mirror P P F C

f r
,tudy the diagrams a o"e and fill in the lan!s for the following sentences# Rays parallel to the principal axis converge at the , F F is positioned at the .. between C and P FP is named the which is denoted by f. Hence write an equation giving the relationship between r and f.

f r

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JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

& In iden! ra)# *arallel !o ea - o!-er (,! no! *arallel !o !-e *rin i*al a$i#*

Con a+e mirror

Con+e$ mirror

Focal plane

Focal plane F f r P P F f r C

,tudy the diagrams a o"e and fill in the lan!s in the following sentences# Parallel rays con"erge at a point called ----------.he focal plane )oins F, the principal focus and all ----------##and is ---------# to the principal a+is .he ray passing through C is reflected ac! along the line of the--------#ray# .he distance etween the focal plane and the mirror is the ----------#,f#

Ima'e formed () ,r+ed mirror %ray diagram method& Prin i*le of dra"in' ra) dia'ram#* a. Ra)# *arallel !o !-e *rin i*al a$i# are refle !ed !-ro,'- !-e *rin i*al fo ,#1 F. E$am*le:

Concave mirror

Convex mirror

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e 1* Complete the ray diagrams elow*

Concave mirror

Convex mirror

(2 Ra)# *a##in' !-ro,'- !-e *rin i*al fo ,# are refle !ed *arallel !o !-e *rin i*al a$i#. E$am*le:

Concave mirror E$er i#e %* Complete the ray diagrams elow*

Convex mirror

Concave mirror

Convex mirror

2 Ra)# *a##in' !-ro,'- !-e en!er of ,r+a!,re are refle !ed dire !l) (a 3.

Concave mirror

Convex mirror

>

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e &* Complete the ray diagrams elow*

Concave mirror

Convex mirror

Ima'e formed () on a+e mirror: 3sing the principles of construction of ray diagram, complete the ray diagrams for each of the cases shown elow* u ? o )ect distance@ v ? image distance @ f ? focal length @ r ? radius of cur"ature Ca#e 1: u 4 %f Conca"e mirror o )ect C F F

2ence state the characteristics of image formed* i& Ca#e %: u 5 %f or u = r Conca"e mirror o )ect C F F ii& iii&

Characteristics of image formed* i& ii& iii&

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Ca#e &: f 6 u 6 %f Conca"e mirror o )ect C F F

Characteristics of image formed* i& Ca#e 7: u5f Conca"e mirror o )ect C F F ii& iii&

Characteristics of image formed* i& Ca#e 5: u6f

Conca"e mirror o )ect F F

Characteristics of image formed* i& ii& iii&

$0

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Ima'e formed () on+e$ mirror: %using construction of ray diagram&# u ? o )ect distance @ v ? image distance @ f ? focal length @ r ? radius of cur"ature o )ect C F Conca"e mirror F

Characteristics of image formed* i& U#e# of ,r+ed mirror#* Ne"!on8# Tele# o*e* Fill in the o+es the type of mirror used ii& iii&

Lens Eye

Car -ead lam*

Cur"ed mirror

lamp

OFF

4here should the lamp e placed to achie"e the a o"e result5

$$

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

A !i+i!)* Find more uses of cur"ed mirrors#

$'

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

5.% UNDERSTANDING REFRACTION OF LIGHT

air

water

4hat is the phenomenon which causes the ending of light in the picture a o"e5 --------------------------------------4hy did this ending of light occur5 %thin! in terms of "elocity of light& ---------------------------------------

Refra !ion of li'-!* Fill in each of the o+es the name of the part shown

i
Air

Blass r r
Air

$(

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Dire !ion of refra !ion* normal Less dense medium ;enser medium normal

denser medium Less dense medium

;raw on the diagrams a o"e the appro+imate directions the refracted rays# 4hen light tra"els from a less dense medium to a denser medium, the ray is refracted 9!o"ard:a"a) from2 the normal at point of incidence# 4hen light tra"els from a more dense medium to a less dense medium, the ray is refracted 9!o"ard:a"a) from2 the normal at point of incidence# Snell8# la"* ,nellCs law states that --------------------

4hat is the name and sym ol of the constant5 ----------## E$er i#e 1* 7eferring to the diagram on the right, Calculate the refracti"e inde+ of liDuid:E# 6ir LiDuid:E (0o <0o

$4

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e %* 7eferring to the diagram on the right, Calculate the refracti"e inde+ of liDuid:F# 6ir LiDuid:F (0o 45o

E$er i#e &* 8ye 6ir /n the diagram to the right, draw two rays which originate from the fish to show how a person o ser"ing from a o"e the surface of the water is a le to see the image of the fish at an apparent depth less than the actual depth of the fish# water

o )ect

E$er i#e 7* 6n eDuation that gi"es the relationship etween apparent depth, real depth and the refracti"e inde+ of water for the diagram a o"e is
n= real depth apparent depth

If the fish is at an actual depth of 4 m and the refracti"e inde+ of water is $#((, what is the apparent depth of the image5

$5

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

5.& UNDERSTANDING TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION OF LIGHT Cri!i al an'le and !o!al in!ernal refle !ion* Figures a, and c show rays eing directed from liDuid:F which is denser than air towards the air at different angles of incident,# 6ir 6ir A0o LiDuid:F GC Figure a LiDuid:F C Figure

6mong the figures a, and c, only Figure a has a complete ray diagram# %i& %ii& %iii& Complete the ray diagrams for Figure and Figure c# .he angle, C is called --------# .he phenomenon which occurs in Figure c yang is called --------------# %i"& ,tate ' conditions which must e satisfied in order for the phenomenon you mentioned in %iii& to occur# ----------------------------------------------------------------E$er i#e 1* 7eferring to figure d and using ,nellCs law, write an eDuation that gi"es the relationship etween the critical angle, C, the refracted angle and the refracti"e inde+ of liDuid:F 6ir LiDuid:F C A0o 6ir LiDuid:F HC Figure c

Figure d

$<

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e %* 7eferring to Figure e, determine the refracti"e inde+ of liDuid:I 6ir LiDuid:I (0o E$er i#e &* Figure e A0o

8+plain why a pencil partially immersed in water loo!s ent#%3se a ray diagram&# 8ye

E$er i#e 7* Complete the path of the ray in the diagram elow and e+plain how a mirage is formed# o )ect Layer of cool air 8ye

Layer of hot air ground

$=

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e 5* Completing the ray diagram elow, to show how a periscope wor!s* %critical angle of glass ? 4'o&

/ )ect

Blass prism

8ye

$>

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

5.7 UNDERSTANDING LENSES T-in Len#e# * T)*e# of len#e# * Name the types of lenses shown elow# %i&

a#

c#

%ii&

a#

c#

Forma!ion of a on+e$ len# and !erminolo'): name the parts shown

Forma!ion of a on a+e len# and !erminolo'): name the parts shown

$A

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Refra !ion of ra)# *arallel !o !-e *rin i*al a$i# of a on+e$ len#* ;raw in the following diagrams the paths of the rays after passing through the lens# 4rite in the o+ed pro"ided, the name of the point or line shown# i&

ii&

iii& F

i"&

'0

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Prin i*le# of on#!r, !in' ra) dia'ram#* Complete the path of each ray after passing through the lens i& ii& iii&

F F i"& F F F F

F F

"& F

"i& F F

"ii&

"iii&

F F F

E$er i#e 1* ,tate the meaning of each of the following terms* i& Focal length , f *

ii& / )ect distance, u * iii& Image distance, v * E$er i#e %* ;escri e how you would estimate the focal length of a con"e+ lens in the school la #

'$

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e formed () a on+e$ len# * %Construction of ray diagram method& Construct ray diagrams for each of the following cases and state the characteristics of the image formed# i2 Ca#e 1 * u 4 %f where u ? o )ect distance @ and f ? focal length of lens# Lens o )ect 'F Characteristics of image* F F

ii2 Ca#e % * u 5 %f Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image*

iii2 Ca#e & * %f 4 u 4 f Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image* i+2 Ca#e 7 * u = f

''

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image*

+2 Ca#e 5 * u < f

Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image*

E$er i#e* In each of the following statements elow, fill in the space pro"ide one of the following conditions# % u > 2f / 2f = u / 2f > u > f / u > f / u < f & i& .o o tain a real image, the o )ect must e placed at a distance u such that - --ii& .o o tain a "irtual image, the o )ect must e placed at a distance u such that ---

'(

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e formed () on a+e len# * % y construction of ray diagrams & Construct a ray diagram for each of the following and state the characteristics of the image formed i& Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image* ii& Lens o )ect 'F F F

Characteristics of image * No!e* Image formed y a conca"e lens is always diminished, "irtual and on the same side of the lens as the o )ect# Po"er of a len# 9p2 .he power of the lens is gi"en y* Power of lens ? focal length Si'n on+en!ion %for focal length& and the ,#I# unit for power of a lens# .he focal length of a con"e+ lens is %positi"eJnegati"e& .he focal length of a conca"e lens is %positi"eJnegati"e& .he ,#I# unit for the power of a lens is-####-and its sym ol is- 4hen calculating the power of a lens, the unit of the focal length must e in %mJcm& E$er i#e 1 * 6 conca"e lens has a focal length of $0 cm# 4hat is its power5
$

'4

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e % * .he power of a lens is K 5 ;# ,tate whether it is a con"e+ lens or a conca"e lens and calculate its focal length#

Linear 0a'nifi a!ion 9m2 * ;efinition* Linear ma'nifi a!ion ? height of o )ect
m= hi h0
height of image

1ased of the definition a o"e and the ray diagram elow, deri"e an e+pression for the relationship etween linear magnification, m, the o )ect distance, u and the image distance, v#

1 ho 6 u

Lens /

v C ; hi

Len# form,la * .he relationship etween the o )ect distance, u, image distance, v, and the focal length, f, of a lens is gi"en y
$ $ $ + = u v f

.his lens formula is "alid for oth con"e+ and conca"e lenses#

4hen using the len# form,la, the Lreal i# *o#i!i+e #i'n on+en!ionC must e followed# .he rules stated in this sign con"ention are*

'5

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

$& '& (&

A**li a!ion of !-e len# form,la* E$er i#e 1# 6n o )ect is placed $0 cm in front of a con"erging lens of focal length $5 cm# Calculate the image distance and state the characteristics of the image formed#

E$er i#e % *

6n o )ect is placed (0 cm in front of a con"erging lens of focal length '5 cm# a& Find the position of the image, and state whether the image is real or "irtual# & Calculate the linear magnification of the image#

La!i-an & * 6n o )ect is placed (0 cm in front of a di"erging lens of focal length '0 cm# Calculate the image distance and state whether the image is real or "irtual#

Len#e# and o*!i al in#!r,men!# *

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JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

1. 0a'nif)in' 'la## 9#im*le mi ro# o*e 2* 6 lens acts as a magnifying glass when the o )ect is placed as in case 5 on page '(# i& 6 magnifying glass consists of a % on+er'in' : di+er'in'& lens# ii& .he o )ect must e placed at a distance %more !-an f : #ame a# f : le## !-an f : (e!"een f and %f : more !-an %f& in order for the lens to act as a magnifying glass# iii& .he characteristics of the image formed y a magnifying glass are yang %real : +ir!,al& @ %in+er!ed : ,*ri'-!& @ %ma'nified :dimini#-ed& @ %on !-e #ame #ide a# !-e o(;e ! : on !-e o**o#i!e #ide of !-e o(;e !&# i"& Breater magnification can e o tained y using a lens which has %lon' : #-or!& focal length# Complete the ray diagram elow to show how a magnifying glass produces an image of the o )ect#

Lens o )ect 'F F F

E$er i#e 1 * 6 magnifying glass produces an image with linear magnification ? 4# If the power of the lens is K$0 ;, find the o )ect distance and image distance#

'=

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

E$er i#e %:

4hich of the following lenses with their powers gi"en elow ma!es the magnifying glass with the highest power of magnification5 6# M 5 ; 1# M'5 ; C# K5 ; ;# K'5 ;#

%. Sim*le amera * .he diagram elow shows the structure of a simple camera# In the o+es pro"ided, write the names of the parts shown# Focusing screw Film drum

;iaphragm ad)ustment ring For each of the parts you ha"e named, state its function#

&. Slide *ro;e !or * .he diagram elow shows the structure of a simple camera# In the o+es pro"ided, write the names of the parts shown ,creen

Light source

Complete the ray diagram a o"e to e+plain how the slide pro)ector wor!s#

'>

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

7. A#!ronomi al !ele# o*e * 0a3in' of !-e a#!ronomi al !ele# o*e. .he astronomical telescope consists of ' % on+er'in' : di+er'in'& lenses# .he o )ecti"e lens has focal length, fo and the eye lens has focal length, fe where % fo 6 fe J fo 4 fe &# .he lenses are arranged such that the distance etween the o )ecti"e lens and the eye lens is %fo < fe J fo = fe J fo $ fe J fo:fe&#

Parallel rays from distant / )ecti"e lens o )ect Fo Fe

8ye lens

Complete the ray diagram a o"e to show how the astronomical telescope wor!s# C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e formed () an a#!ronomi al !ele# o*e* .he first image formed y the o )ecti"e lens is %"irtualJreal @ uprightJin"erted @ diminishedJmagnified&# .he final image is %"irtualJreal @ uprightJin"erted @ diminishedJmagnified&# .he final image is located at % Fo : Fe : infini!)&#

0a'nif)in' Po"er 902 * M?

f f

0 e

E$er i#e* 6n astronomical telescope with high power of magnification can e uilt using eye lens of %long J short& focal length and o )ecti"e lens of %long J short& focal length#

'A

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

5. T-e om*o,nd mi ro# o*e * S!r, !,re of !-e om*o,nd mi ro# o*e* 6 compound microscope consists of ' %con"erging J di"erging& lenses .he focal length of the eye lens is %long J short& and the focal length of the o )ecti"e lens is %long J short&# .he o )ecti"e lens is arranged such that the o )ect distance, u is %u = fo / fo < u < 2 fo / u =2fo&# .he eye lens is used as a %magnifying J di"erging J pro)ector& lens# .he total length, s, etween oth lenses is % s = fo + fe @ s > fo+fe &

L0 / )ect Fo Fe

Le

8ye

Complete the ray diagram a o"e to show how the compound microscope wor!s# C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e formed () om*o,nd mi ro# o*e* .he first image formed y the o )ecti"e lens is %realJ"irtual @ diminishedJmagnified @ uprightJin"erted &# .he final image is %realJ"irtual @ diminishedJmagnified @ uprightJin"erted &#

E$er i#e 1 9a2 * 6 compound microscope consists of two lenses of focal lengths ' cm and $0 cm# 1etween them, which is more suita le as the eye lens5 8+plain your answer#

9(2* 2ow would you arrange the lenses in %a& to ma!e an astronomical telescope5

(0

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Reinfor emen!* Par! A* $# 1etween the following statements a out reflection of light, which is no! true5 6# 6ll light energy incident on a plane mirror is reflected# 1# .he angle of incidence is always the same as the angle of reflection# C# .he incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the point of incidence, all lie on the same plane# ;# .he speed of the reflected ray is the same as the speed of the incident ray# '# 6 oy stands in front of a plane mirror# 2e o ser"es the image of some letterings printed on his shirt# .he letterings on his shirt is as shown in Figure $#

Figure $ 1etween the following images, which is the image o ser"ed y the oy5 6 1 C ;

(# Figure ' shows an o )ect, / placed in front of a plane mirror# 1etween the positions 6, 1, C and ;, which is the position of the image5 6 Plane mirror / Figure ' 4# 6 student is mo"ing with a "elocity of ' m s:$ towards a plane mirror# .he distance etween the student and his image will mo"e towards each other at the rate 6# ' m s:$ 1# ( m s:$ C# 4 m s:$ ;# 5 m s:$ 8# < m s:$ 1 C ;

5# .he ta le elow shows the characteristics of the images formed y a conca"e mirror for "arious positions of the o )ect# 6ll sym ols used ha"e the usual meanings# 4hich of them is no! !r,e5

($

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

6 1 C ;

Po#i!ion of o(;e ! u > 2f f < u < 2f u=f u<f

C-ara !eri#!i # of ima'e ;iminished, in"erted, real Magnified, in"erted, real ,ame siNe, in"erted, real Maginfied, upright, "irtual

<# 4hich of the following ray diagram is correct5 6 50o 50o C F C F 1 C

Plane mirror

Con"e+ mirror

Conca"e mirror

=# .he depth of a swimming pool appears to e less than its actual depth# .he light phenomenon which causes this is 6# 1# C# ;# 7eflection 7efraction ;iffraction Interference

># .he critical angle in glass is 4'o# 4hat is the refracti"e inde+ of glass5 6# $#' 1# $#( C# $#4 ;# $#5 8# $#<

A# 4hich of the following are the characteristics of an image formed y a magnifying glass5 6# 1# C# ;# Magnified, "irtual, in"erted ;iminished, real, upright Magnified, "irtual, upright ;iminished, "irtual, in"erted

('

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

$0# 6 student is gi"en three con"e+ lenses of focal lengths ' cm, $0 cm and 50 cm# 2e wishes to construct a powerful astronomical telescope# 4hich of the following arrangements should he choose5 6 1 C ; Par! > $# 8ye Focal length of o )ecti"e lens J cm 50 $0 ' 50 Focal length of eye lens J cm ' $0 50 $0

air water

Figure ( Figure ( shows the eye of a person loo!ing at a fish# a& ,!etch a ray diagram consisting of ' rays originating from the eye of the fish to show why the image of the fish is seen closer to the surface# & .he fish is at a depth of ' m# If the refracti"e inde+ of water is $#((, calculate the apparent depth of the fish#

((

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

'# a& ,tarting with the lens formula, u + v = f , deri"e an eDuation that gi"es the relationship etween liner magnification, m and the image distance, v# 2ence s!etch the graph of m against v on the a+es pro"ided elow#
$ $ $

% & ,tate the "alue of m at the point of intersection of the graph with the "ertical a+is#

%c& ;escri e how you would determine the focal length of the lens using the graph#

(4

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

Par! C $# 6 student used a slide pro)ector to pro)ect a picture onto the screen# Figure $a and $ show the relati"e positions of the slide, pro)ector lens and the screen# It is o ser"ed that when the screen is mo"ed further away %Figure $ &, the lens of the pro)ector has to e mo"ed nearer to the slide to o tain a sharp image# Pro)ector lens ,creen ,lide image

Figure $a

Pro)ector lens ,creen ,lide image Figure $ 1ased on your o ser"ations and !nowledge of lenses@ a& ma!e one suita le inference#

& state an appropriate hypothesis that could e in"estigated#

c& descri e how you would design an e+periment to test your hypothesis using a con"e+ lens, filament ul and other apparatus# In your description, state clearly the following* %i& aim of the e+periment

(5

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

%ii&

"aria les in the e+periment

%iii& List of apparatus and materials

%i"& 6rrangement of the apparatus

%"& .he procedure of the e+periment, which includes the method of controlling the manipulated "aria le and the method of measuring the responding "aria le

%"i& .he way you ta ulate the data

%"ii& .he way you would analyse the data

(<

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

'# 6 student carried out an e+periment to in"estigate the relationship etween o )ect distance, u, and image distance, v, for a con"e+ lens# .he student used "arious "alues of u and recorded the corresponding "alues of v# .he student then plotted the graph of uv against u + v as shown in Figure '#
uvJ cm'

500 450 400 (5055 (000 '50

'000 $50 $00 50

$0

'0 Fig!re "

(0

40

50 u + v J cm

(=

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 4 Chapter 5 Light

a&

1ased on the graph in Figure ', %i& state the relationship etween uv and u + v ---------------------------------O1 markP ' %ii& determine the "alue of u + v when the "alue of uv ? 400 cm # ,how on the graph how you o tained the "alue of u K "# From the "alue of u + v o tained, calculate the image distance, v when u ? '0 cm#

O marksP %iii& calculate the gradient of the graph# ,how clearly on the graph how you o tained the "alues needed for the calculation#

O marksP & Bi"en that the relationship etween u, v and focal length, f of the con"e+ lens used, is represented y the eDuation $ K $ ? $ u v f ;eri"e an eDuation which gi"es the relationship etween uv and %u + v &#

O2 marksP c& 3sing the eDuation deri"ed in % &, and the "alue of gradient calculated in %a&%iii&, determine the focal length of the lens used in the e+periment#

O2 marksP d& ,tate one precaution ta!en to ensure the accuracy of the e+periment# -------------------------------O1 markP

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