DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SIXTH SEMESTER / III YEAR ME2352 DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

UNIT -I
PART-A
1. How is a Wir ro! s! "i#i $% A&s' They are specified by the no. of strands & the no. of wires in each strand. 2. S( )"* )* "ross s ")io& o# a +-, -) a&$ -a, - i)s i.!or)a&) !ar)s/ A&s' Refer pg. no. .! "ots by #.$aya%&'ar 3. W*0 is )* #a" o# a !1-- 0 "row& $% A&s' The crowning tends to %eep the be(t in centre on a p&((ey ri' whi(e in 'otion. 4. W*a) ar )* #i2 !ar)s o# ro-- r "*ai&% A&s' )in (in%* Ro((er (in%* )ins* +&shes & Ro((er 5. Gi2 )* r -a)io&s*i! o# ra)io o# ) &sio&s i& a +-, -) $ri2 / A&s' T!/T , e -..cosec/ 6. W*a) is a si- &) "*ai&% I& w*a) si)1a)io&s3 si- &) "*ai&s ar !r # rr $% A&s' i 0 In1erted tooth chains are ca((ed si(ent chains beca&se of their re(ati1e(y 2&iet operation. ii0 They are preferred for high3power* high speed & s'ooth operation.

7. D #i& .a4i.1. ) &sio& i& a , -)/ A&s' Tension on tight side of the be(t 4 5entrif&ga( tension

8. Gi2 )* "o&$i)io& #or .a4i.1. !ow r )ra&s.issio& i& ) r.s o# " &)ri#15a) &sio& i& "as o# , -) $ri2 / A&s' The power trans'itted sha(( be 'a6i'&' when the centrif&ga( tension 7Tc0 is one third of the 'a6i'&' be(t tension 7T0. 9. W*0 )i5*) si$ o# )* #-a) , -) s*o1-$ , a) )* ,o))o. si$ o# )* !1-- 0% A&s' +eca&se the dri1ing p&((ey p&((s the be(t fro' botto' side and de(i1ers it to the &pper side. So it is ob1io&s that the botto' side of the be(t is tight. 10. W*a) is . a&) ,0 6"*or$a- a")io& o# "*ai&7%

A&s' 8hen chain passes o1er the sproc%et* it 'o1es as a series of chords instead of a contin&o&s arc as in the case of a be(t dri1e. It res&(ts in 1arying speed of the chain dri1e. This pheno'enon is %nown as chorda( action.

PART-8
FOR PART B QUESTIONS REFER CLASS NOTES & DOTS BY V.JAYAKUMAR

UNIT -II

PART-A

1. M &)io& a # w 5 ar .a) ria-s/ A&s' Metallic gears steel, cast iron Non-Metallic gears wood, compressed paper & synthetic resins 2. S)a) a& a$2a&)a5 a&$ $isa$2a&)a5 o# * -i"a- 5 ar/ A&s' Ad1antage9 )rod&ce (ess noise than sp&r gears "is Ad1antage9 S&b:ected to a6ia( thr&st (oads

3. W*0 is )a&5 &)ia- "o.!o& &) o# 5 ar )oo)* #or" "a-- $ 1s #1- "o.!o& &)% A&s' +eca&se it trans'its power. 4. Co.!ar )* "o&)a") , )w & .a)i&5 ) )* o# s!1r a&$ * -i"a- 5 ars/ A&s' i0 In sp&r gears the (ine of contact is para((e( to the a6is of rotation. The tota( (ength of contact (ine is e2&a( to the face width. ii0 In he(ica( gears the (ine of contact is diagona( across the face of the tooth. The tota( (ength of contact (ine is greater than the face width. This (owers the &nit (oading & increases (oad carrying capacity. 5. W*a) is ,a"(-as* i& 5 ars% A&s' It is the difference between the tooth space and the tooth thic%ness a(ong the pitch circ(e. 6. W*a) is )* a$2a&)a5 o# * -i"a- 5 ar o2 r s!1r 5 ar% A&s' i0 He(ica( gears prod&ce (ess noise than sp&r gears. ii0 He(ica( gears ha1e a greater (oad capacity than e2&i1a(ent sp&r gears.

7. W*0 is a 5 ar )oo)* s1,9 ") $ )o $0&a.i" -oa$i&5% A&s' Inacc&racies of tooth spacing* Irreg&(arities in tooth profi(es* Misa(ign'ent between bearings. 8. S)a) )* -aw o# 5 ari&5 or "o&$i)io&s o# "orr ") 5 ari&5/ A&s' It states that for obtaining a constant 1e(ocity ratio* at any instant of teeth the co''on nor'a( at each of contact sho&(d a(ways pass thro&gh a pitch point* sit&ated on the (ine :oining the centres of rotation of the pair of 'ating parts. 9. W*a) ar )* "o..o&-0 1s $ 5 ar )oo)* !ro#i- s% A&s' In1o(&te & 5yc(oida( 10. S)a) a,o1) * rri&5 ,o& 5 ar/

A&s' The do&b(e he(ica( gears connecting two para((e( shafts are %nown as herringbone gears. They are &sed in hea1y 'achinery and gear bo6es.

PART 8
FOR PART B QUESTIONS REFER CLASS NOTES & DOTS BY V.JAYAKUMAR

UNIT -III
PART-A

1. W* & $o w

.!-o0 "ross $ * -i"a- 5 ar%

A&s' A pair of crossed3he(ica( gears a(so %nown as spira( gears are &sed to connect and trans'it 'otion between two non3para((e( and non3 intersecting shafts. As the contact between the 'ating teeth is a(ways a point* these gears are s&itab(e on(y for trans'itting a s'a(( a'o&nt of power. 2. M &)io& )wo "*ara") ris)i"s o# *0!oi$ 5 ar/ A&s' They are si'i(ar in appearance to spira(3be1e( gears. Their pitch s&rfaces are hyperbo(oids rather than cones. A6is of pinion is offset fro' the a6is of the gear. 3. W*a) ar )* 2ario1s #or" s a")i&5 o& a , 2 - 5 ar% A&s'Tangentia( force* A6ia( force & Radia( force 4. Us1a--0 wor. is .a$ o# *ar$ .a) ria- a&$ wor. 5 ar is .a$ o# so#) r .a) ria- 91s)i#0/ A&s' A 'ateria( strength is set so that an a'o&nt of wear of the wor' beco'es (arger that of the wor' whee(. 5. W* & is , 2 - 5 ar !r # rr $% A&s' They are &sed to trans'it power between two intersecting shafts. 6. Ca-"1-a) )* a&5- , )w & )* s*a#)s o# a "ross $ * -i"a- 5 ars .a$ o# )wo ri5*) *a&$ $ * -i"a- 5 ars o# :5; * -i4 a&5- a"*/ A&s'Shaft ang(e* ; , /! 4 / , / , 7. S)a) )* 1s o# , 2 - 5 ars/ A&s' They are &sed to trans'it power between two intersecting shafts. 7!<=0 , >?=

8. S)a) )* a$2a&)a5 o# wor. 5 ar $ri2 i& w i5*) -i#)i&5 .a"*i& / A&s'The wor' gear dri1es are irre1ersib(e. It 'eans that the 'otion cannot be trans'itted fro' wor' whee( to the wor'. This property of irre1ersib(e is ad1antageo&s in (oad hoisting app(ications (i%e cranes and (ifts. 9. W*0 is )* "ross $ * -i"a- 5 ar $ri2 &o) 1s $ #or !ow r )ra&s.issio&% A&s'As the contact between the 'ating teeth of crossed he(ica( gears is a(ways a point* these gears are s&itab(e on(y for trans'itting a s'a(( a'o&nt of power. That@s why 'ost(y these gears are not &sed for power trans'ission. 10. W*0 is )* ##i"i &"0 o# a wor. 5 ar $ri2 "o.!ara)i2 -0 -ow%

A&s' +eca&se of power (oss d&e to friction ca&sed by s(iding. PART 8 FOR PART B QUESTIONS REFER CLASS NOTES & DOTS BY V.JAYAKUMAR

UNIT -I+
PART-A
:/ W*a) ar )* !oi&)s )o , "o&si$ r $ w*i- $ si5&i&5 a s-i$i&5 . s* )0! o# .1-)i-s! $ 5 ar ,o4% A&s' i0 The trans'ission ratio in a gear bo6 is (i'ited by A B i B ii0 Speed ratio of any stage sho&(d not be greater than C.

2/ W*i"* )0! o# 5 ar is 1s $ i& "o&s)a&) . s* 5 ar ,o4% <1s)i#0/ A&s' He(ica( gears are &sed in constant 'esh gear bo6es to pro1ide 2&ieter and s'ooth operation. 3/ Co.!ar s-i$i&5 . s* a&$ s0&"*ro. s* 5 ar ,o4/ A&s' s-i$i&5 . s* 5 ar ,o4' It deri1es its na'e fro' the fact that the 'eshing of the gears ta%e p(ace by s(iding of gears on each other. 8ith s(iding 'esh gear bo6* do&b(e de3c(&tching is necessary to bring the two sets of dog teeth to the sa'e speed so that they can be s(id into engage'ent 2&iet(y. s0&"*ro. s* 5 ar ,o4' To e(i'inate the need to de3c(&tch* the synchro'esh gear bo6 was introd&ced. The basic gear bo6 is (aid o&t in the sa'e 'anner as the constant 'esh* b&t with the addition of a cone c(&tch fitted between the dog and gear 'e'bers.

=/ W* r is .1-)i-s! $ 5 ar ,o4 s .!-o0 $% A&s' They are e'p(oyed where1er the 1ariab(e spind(e speeds are necessary. 5/ Na. )* s ri s i& w*i"* s! $s ar arra&5 $ i& .1-)i-s! $ 5 ar ,o4 s/ A&s' +asic series of preferred n&'bers are R<* R!?* R ?* RD? & RC?. >/ Lis) si4 s)a&$ar$ s! $s s)ar)i&5 #ro. :? r!. wi)* a s) ! ra)io :/=/ A&s' Eor the step ratio F , !.D* the R ? series* the standard speeds are !C* ?* .D* <* C & >!.< rp'. @/ S( )"* )* (i& .a)i" -a0o1) o# 5 ars #or 3 s! $s , )w & )wo s*a#)s/ A&s' Refer pg.no9 G.!! "ots by #.$aya%&'ar ?/ Di## r &)ia) ra0 $ia5ra. a&$ s)r1")1ra- $ia5ra./ A&s' Ray diagra' is a graphica( representation of the str&ct&ra( for'&(a. Str&ct&ra( diagra' is a %ine'atic (ayo&t that shows the arrange'ent of gears in a gear bo6. A/ Lis) o1) )* ,asi" r1- s )o , #o--ow $ #or o!)i.1. 5 ar ,o4 $ si5&/ A&s' i0 The trans'ission ratio in a gear bo6 is (i'ited by A B ,i B ii0 Speed ratio of any stage sho&(d not be greater than C. !?. W*a) is s) ! ra)io% Na. )* s ri s i& w*i"* s! $s o# .1-)i-s! $ 5 ar ,o4 ar arra&5 $/ A&s' 8hen the spind(e speeds are arranged in geo'etric progression* then the ratio between the two ad:acent speeds is %nown as speed ratio. +asic series are R<* R!?* R ? & RD?.

PART 8
FOR PART B QUESTIONS REFER CLASS NOTES & DOTS BY V.JAYAKUMAR

UNIT -+
PART-A
:/ Na. )* !ro#i- o# "a. )*a) 5i2 s &o 9 r(/ A&s' 5irc(e Harc ca' gi1es no :er%. +eca&se the deri1ati1e of acce(eration of ca' is Iero. 2/ Gi2 )* r aso&s #or - #) a&$ ri5*) s*o s o# )* i&) r&a- 4!a&sio& ,ra( s *a2i&5 $i## r &) a")1a)i&5 #or" s/ A&s' "epending &pon the direction of the dr&' rotation* one shoe wo&(d be a (eading shoe and another shoe is a trai(ing shoe. The (eading shoe is se(f energiIing whereas the trai(ing shoe is not. In the (eading shoe* the friction force he(ps the app(ied force and hence 'ore act&ating force than the trai(ing force. 3/ W*a) ar )* ## ")s o# ) .! ra)1r ris i& "-1)"* s%

A&s' i0 E6cessi1e s&rface te'perat&re res&(ts in pre'at&re c(&tch fai(&re. ii0 May ca&se the indi1id&a( p(ates to be we(ded together in 'eta( c(&tches. iii0 May ca&se e6cessi1e wear in non3'eta( c(&tches. =/ W*a) is )* si5&i#i"a&" o# !r ss1r a&5- i& "a. $ si5&% A&s' The press&re ang(e is 1ery i'portant in ca' design as it represents steepness of the ca' profi(e. If the press&re ang(e is too (arge* a reciprocating fo((ower wi(( :a' in its bearings. 5/ S)a) )* a$2a&)a5 o# "a. . "*a&is.s/ A&s' 5a's are &sed for trans'itting desired 'otion to a fo((ower by direct contact. 5a' 'echanis's are &sed in the operation of I5 engine 1a(1es.

>/ How )* 61&i#or. ra) o# w ar 6ass1.!)io& is 2a-i$ #or "-1)"* s% A&s' In c(&tches* the 1a(&e of nor'a( press&re* a6ia( (oad for the gi1en c(&tch is (i'ited by the rate of wear that can be to(erated in the bra%e (inings. Moreo1er * the ass&'ption of &nifor' rate wear gi1es a (ower ca(c&(ated c(&tch capacity than the ass&'ption of &nifor' press&re. Hence c(&tches are &s&a((y designed on the basis of &nifor' wear. @/ Na. #o1r !ro#i- s &or.a--0 1s $ i& "a.s/ A&s' Jnifor' 1e(ocity* Si'p(e har'onic 'otion* Jnifor' acce(eration & retardation* 5yc(oida( 'otion. ?/ U&$ r w*a) "o&$i)io& o# a "-1)"*3 1&i#or. ra) o# w ar ass1.!)io& is .or 2a-i$% A&s' If the c(&tch is o(d one. A/ W* & $o w 1s .1-)i!- $is( "-1)"* s% A&s' It is &sed when (arge a'o&nt of tor2&e is to be trans'itted. In a '&(tip(ate c(&tch* the n&'ber of frictiona( (inings and the 'eta( p(ates are increased which increases the capacity of the c(&tch to trans'it tor2&e. !?. Di## r &)ia) , )w & s -#- & r5iBi&5 a&$ s -#--o"(i&5 ,ra( s/ A&s' 8hen the frictiona( force is s&fficient eno&gh to app(y the bra%e with no e6terna( force* then the bra%e is said to be s -#--o"(i&5 ,ra( . 8hen the frictiona( force he(ps in app(ying the bra%e* then the bra%e is said to be s -#- & r5is $ ,ra( /

PART-8
FOR PART B QUESTIONS REFER CLASS NOTES & DOTS BY V.JAYAKUMAR