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S: 08/2003/Q-BXD
QUYT NH
V VIC BAN HNH TIU CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM TCXD VN 276 : 2003
''CNG TRNH CNG CNG - NGUYN TC C BN THIT K''
B TRNG B XY DNG
3. Quy nh chung
3.1. Phn loi cc cng trnh cng cng xem ph lc A trong tiu chun ny.
3.2. Khi thit k cc cng trnh cng cng phi cn c vo nhng iu kin kh hu t
nhin, a cht thu vn, cc tin nghi phc v cng cng, kh nng xy lp, cung ng
vt t v s dng vt liu a phng.
3.3. Gii php b cc cc loi cng trnh cng cng phi ph hp vi quy hoch v
truyn thng xy dng a phng.
3.4. Cn c vo tiu chun din tch, khi tch, cht lng hon thin bn trong v bn
ngoi, cc thit b k thut (v sinh, in nc, thng hi, thng gi, iu ho khng
kh, si m,...), cht lng cng trnh, cp ca cng trnh cng cng c ly t cp I
n cp III nh quy nh trong TCVN 2748 - 1991 Phn cp cng trnh xy dngNguyn tc chung. Cc ngi nh trong mt cng trnh cng cng nn c thit k
cng mt cp cng trnh.
Ch thch:
1. Cc cng trnh cng cng c ngha quan trng v nh cao tng c thit
k cp cng trnh cp I.
2. Cc cng trnh cng cng c xy dng ti cc th x, th trn, th t c
php thit k t cp II tr xung.
3. Nhng ngi nh, cng trnh hay b phn cng trnh c yu cu s dng ngn
hn, cho php xy dng cp cng trnh thp hn so vi cp ca cng trnh chnh,
nhng phi tun theo nhng quy nh trong tiu chun Phng chy, chng chy cho
nh v cng trnh - Yu cu thit k- TCVN 2622-1995.
4. Cng trnh cng cng cp cng trnh no th mc s dng vt liu trang tr,
mc tin nghi v thit b v sinh, in nc tng ng vi cp cng trnh y.
Trng hp c yu cu s dng c bit, c th cho php s dng mc cao hn.
3.5.Tu thuc vo iu kin c th m cc cng trnh cng cng c th c xy dng
thp tng hay cao tng.
3.14. Mt xy dng: l t s ca din tch xy dng cng trnh trn din tch khu t
(%):
Din tch xy dng cng trnh x 100%
Din tch khu t
Trong din tch xy dng cng trnh c tnh theo hnh chiu bng ca mi
cng trnh.
3.15. H s s dng t: l t s ca tng din tch sn ton cng trnh trn din tch
khu t:
HSD =
Trong tng din tch sn ton cng trnh khng bao gm din tchsn ca
tng hm v mi.
Trong trng hp cha c quy hoch, khi xy dng cng trnh cc vng t
trng, t mi, ci to hoc xy chen trong khu vc quc phng, khu vc thng
xuyn c l, lt... cn phi c cc cp c thm quyn ph duyt.
4.7. i vi nhng khu vc tp trung nhiu ngi nh rp chiu bng, nh ht, trung
tm vn ho, hi trng, trin lm, hi ch, ngoi vic tun theo cc tiu chun hin
hnh cn phi tun theo cc nguyn tc di y:
a) Mt bng t nht phi c mt mt trc tip m ra ng ph;
b) Trnh m cng chnh trc tip ra trc ng giao thng;
c) Trc cng chnh ca cng trnh nn c khong t trng dnh cho bi xe
hoc l ni tp kt ngi. Din tch ny c xc nh theo yu cu s dng v quy
m cng trnh;
d) Cng v phn hng ro gip hai bn cng phi li su vo so vi ch gii
xy dng khng nh hn 4m.
4.8. i vi nhng cng trnh c xy mi hoc ci to, cn c vo quy m v th
loi cng trnh, s ngi s dng trong cng trnh m tnh ton din tch bi xe cho
ph hp. Bi xe c th t ngay trong cng trnh hoc ngoi cng trnh. Din tch
tnh ton ch xe c ly nh sau:
- Xe mt, xe my: t 2,35m2/xe n 3,0m2/xe;
- Xe p : 0,9m2/xe;
- Xe t: t 15m2//xe n 18m2/xe.
4.11. Trn mt bng cng trnh phi b tr h thng thot nc mt v nc ma. Gii
php thit k thot nc phi xc nh da theo yu cu quy hoch th ca a
phng.
4.12. Cc cng trnh phi m bo mt cy xanh theo iu l qun l xy dng a
phng, c ly t 30% n 40% din tch khu t.
Loi cy v phng thc b tr cy xanh phi cn c vo iu kin kh hu ca
tng a phng, cht t v cng nng ca mi trng xc nh.
Khong cch cc di cy xanh vi cng trnh, ng x v ng ng phi ph
hp vi quy nh hin hnh c lin quan.
4.13. Vic lp t h thng k thut h tng nh ng ng cp thot nc, thng tin
lin lc, cp in... khng c nh hng n an ton ca cng trnh, ng thi
phi c bin php ngn nga nh hng ca n mn, ln, chn ng, ti trng gy h
hng.
Yu cu v cc b phn kin trc ca cng trnh
4.14. Khng cho php cc b phn kin trc sau y nh qu ch gii ng :
a) Ban cng, vng ca s ca cng trnh;
b) Cng trnh ngm v mng cng trnh;
c) Tt c cc ng ng ngm di t, tr ng ng ngm thng vi ng ng
thnh ph;
4.15. Cc b phn kin trc ca cng trnh cng cng c php nh ra khi ch gi
ng trong trng hp ch gii xy dng trng vi ch gii ng v trng
hp ch gii xy dng li vo sau ch gii ng , nh quy nh trong iu 7.4 v
7.5 Tp I - Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam.
Ch thch:
1. Ngoi vic tun theo cc quy nh trong tiu chun ny cn cn phi tun
theo cc quy nh ca c quan qun l quy hoch th ca a phng.
2. i vi cc cng trnh c yu cu v kin trc tm thi, c c quan qun l
quy hoch a phng cho php, c th nh ra qu ch gii ng .
Yu cu v chiu cao kin trc cng trnh
4.16. Chiu cao kin trc ca cc cng trnh trong cc khu vc di y c gii hn
theo nhng quy nh trong iu l qun l xy dng th ca a phng, tr cc
Ch thch
1. Thng thng chiu cao ca nhng tng trn mt t, tnh t mt sn tng
di n mt sn tng trn ly t 3m n 3,6m.
2. i vi cc cng trnh cng cng c cc phng ln nh hi trng, phng
khn gi, nh th thao, ca hng c din tch trn 300m 2, ging ng, phng trin
lm, bo tng, phng th nghim ... tu theo yu cu s dng v kch thc trang thit
b, chiu cao c ly t 3,6m tr ln.
3. Chiu cao thng thu ca cc phng ph nh tng hm, nh kho, tng xp
cc b, hnh lang v phng v sinh ... cho php c gim xung nhng khng thp
hn 2,2m.
5.3. Chiu cao cc phng ng trong cc cng trnh cng cng ly theo quy nh trong
tiu chun TCVN 4451-1987 Nh -Nguyn tc c bn thit k.
5.4. i vi nh v cng trnh cng cng c tng k thut th chiu cao ca tng k
thut xc nh theo thit k, khng k vo chiu cao ca tng nh, nhng phi tnh vo
chiu cao cng trnh tnh khi tch ca ngi nh.
Cu thang, bc thm, ng dc, lan can, thang my
5.5. Cu thang
5.5.1. S lng, v tr cu thang v hnh thc gian cu thang phi p ng yu cu s
dng thun tin v thot ngi an ton.
5.5.2. Chiu rng thng thu ca cu thang ngoi vic p ng quy nh ca quy phm
phng chy, cn phi da vo c trng s dng ca cng trnh. Chiu rng ca cu
thang dng thot ngi khi c s c c thit k khng nh hn 0,9m.
5.5.3. Khi on cu thang i hng, chiu rng nh nht ni c tay vn chiu ngh
khng c nh hn v thang. Nu c yu cu vn chuyn nhng hng ho ln, c th
m rng cho ph hp vi yu cu s dng.
5.5.4. Chiu cao ca mt t thang khng c ln hn 1,8m v phi b tr chiu ngh.
Chiu rng chiu ngh khng nh hn 1,2m (xem hnh 2).
5.5.5. Chiu cao thng thu (khng k v thang u tin ti tng trt) ca pha trn v
pha di chiu ngh cu thang khng c nh hn 2m. Chiu cao thng thu ca v
thang khng c nh hn 2,2m.
Ch thch: Chiu cao thng thu ca v thang l chiu cao thng ng tnh t mt
bc ca v thang di n mt trn nghing ca v thang trn.
5.5.6. Cu thang t nht phi c mt pha c tay vn. V thang c chiu rng cho ba
dng ngi th phi b tr tay vn hai pha, nu c chiu rng cho bn dng ngi th
nn b tr tay vn gia.
5.5.7. Chiu cao tay vn ca cu thang trong phng tnh t mp trc ca bc khng
c nh hn 0,9m. i vi cc cng trnh dnh cho thiu nhi, ngi tn tt phi ly
theo cc tiu chun thit k hin hnh c lin quan.
HNH 2. KCH THC CU THANG V BC THANG
5.5.8. Mt bc nn c bin php x l chng trn, trt.
5.5.9. T l gia chiu cao vi chiu rng ca bc thang phi ph hp vi quy nh
trong bng 1.
BNG 1. CHIU RNG NH NHT V CHIU CAO LN NHT
CA BC THANG
Loi cng trnh
- Trng hc, trng mm non
- Rp chiu bng, nh ht, nh thi u, ca hng,
bnh vin
- Cc cng trnh kin trc khc
Cu thang phc v chuyn dng
0,28
0,30
0,16
0,15-0,17
0,22
0,20
Ch thch:
1. Chiu rng mt bc ca cu thang xon c khng c ct gia v cu thang
hnh cung ti im cch tay vn 0,25m, khng c nh hn 0,22m.
BNG 2. DC NH NHT CA MI
Cu to mi
- Ngi xi mng, ngi t st khng c lp lt
- Ngi xi mng, ngi t st c lp lt
- Tm lp xi mng aming
- Tm lp kim loi
- Mi b tng ct thp (c lp cch nhit v chng
xm thc
- Tm thp hnh
dc nh nht
1: 2
1: 2,5
1: 3
1: 4
1: 50
1: 7
Trn
5.18. C rt nhiu loi trn c s dng trong cc cng trnh cng cng. Tu thuc
vo yu cu ca tng cng trnh m la chn cho ph hp. i vi trn treo trt vi
phi b tr l thng gi v l cho ngi ln kim tra sa cha .
5.19. i vi trn ca hi trng ln v trn treo c h thng ng ng tng i
nhiu, phi b tr tng gip mi kim tra sa cha, ng thi b tr sn i li nu c
yu cu.
Nn v sn nh
5.20. Mt sn v nn nh ca cc gian phng phi bo m khng trn trt, khng c
k h, khng b mi mn, d lau chi v chng c nm, m. i vi cc cng trnh
th thao cn phi c tnh nng n hi v cch m tt. i vi cc bnh vin, phng th
nghim phi khng b bin dng do thuc st trng hoc ty u, chng c tc dng
ca cc cht ho hc...
5.21. Nn nh xy dng trn lp t nn phi c cc bin php chng m v ngn nga
kh nng ln khng u.
5.22. Khng c dng vt liu hoc cc cht ph gia c tnh c hi lm vt liu
lt nn.
Ca i v ca s
5.23. Cc yu cu k thut ca ca i v ca s phi ph hp cc quy nh trong tiu
chun TCXD 192-1996 Ca g- Ca i, ca s. Yu cu k thut v TCXD 2371999 Ca kim loi- Ca i, ca s. Yu cu k thut .
5.24. Ca s phi s dng thun li, an ton v d lm sch.
i vi nh cao tng nn dng ca s ko y; nu dng ca s m ra ngoi,
phi c bin php gia c chc chn cnh ca s.
Nu ca s m ra hnh lang chung, cao t mt sn n mp di ca ca
khng c nh hn 2m.
5.25. Cu to ca ca i phi ng m thun li, bn v chc chn.
Cc ca ln ng m bng tay, phi c b phn hm. Ca ko, y phi c bin
php chng trt khi ng ray.
Ca l xo hai mt, phi b tr tm knh trng phn trn cao c th nhn thy
c .
6.4. Nhng cng trnh cng cng c yu cu thit k h thng cp nc nng, phi
p dng cc quy nh c th trong tiu chun thit k ca tng loi cng trnh cng
cng c th.
6.5. S lng thit b trong khu v sinh c ly theo quy nh trong cc tiu chun
thit k ca tng loi cng trnh.
6.6. Phi gii quyt chng thm, chng m t, thot mi hi thi v thng thong cc
khu v sinh trong cng trnh cng cng. dc rnh v dc nn trong cc phng
tm, khu v sinh ly t 1% n 2%.
6.7. Khu v sinh trong cc cng trnh cng cng phi tun theo nhng quy nh di
y:
7.3. Khi khng c hoc thiu nh sng t nhin trong cng trnh cng cng phi b tr
chiu sng nhn to m bo s lm vic v hot ng bnh thng ca ngi v
cc phng tin vn chuyn. Tnh ton thit k c p dng theo tiu chun TCXD
16-1986 Chiu sng nhn to trong cng trnh dn dng.
Ch thch : Chiu sng nhn to bao gm chiu sng lm vic, chiu sng s
c, chiu sng phn tn ngi, chiu sng bo v v chiu sng trang tr, qung
co trong v ngoi nh.
7.4. c php s dng n hunh quang v n nung sng (k c n halgen nung
sng) trong cc cng trnh cng cng.
7.5. Khi chiu sng nhn to c php s dng 2 h thng chiu sng: chiu sng
chung v chiu sng hn hp.
H thng chiu sng chung c chia ra nh sau:
- Chiu sng chung u
- Chiu sng chung khu vc
H thng chiu sng hn hp bao gm chiu sng chung v chiu sng ti ch.
Khng nn s dng ch c chiu sng ti ch chiu sng lm vic.
7.7. Thit k chng st cho nh v cng trnh cng cng phi tun theocc quy nh
trong tiu chun TCXD 46-1986 Chng st cho nh v cng trnh xy dng
8. Yu cu v phng chy cha chy
8.1. Khi thit k phng chng chy cho cc cng trnh cng cng phi tun theo
nhng quy nh trong tiu chun TCVN 2622 - 1995 Phng chy, chng chy cho
nh v cng trnh . Yu cu thit k .
8.2. Trong cc cng trnh cng cng phi m bo yu cu thot nn an ton khi c
chy.
Cc li thot c coi l an ton khi m bo nhng yu cu sau y :
a) i t cc phng tng mt trc tip ra ngoi hay qua tin snh ra ngoi;
b) i t cc phng bt k tng no (khng k tng mt ) ra hnh lang c li
thot ra ngoi;
c) i t cc phng vo bung thang c li ra trc tip bn ngoi hay qua tin snh
ra ngoi .
Ln nht
Theo tnh ton
Theo tnh ton
2,4
2,4
Ch thch:
1. Chiu rng chiu ngh cu thang khng c nh hn chiu rng cu thang.
Chiu rng chiu ngh trc khi vo thang my c ca m y ngang khng c nh
hn 1,6m, Chiu rng chiu ngh cu thang trong cc cng trnh y t, nh h sinh
khng c nh hn 1,8m.
2. Trong khch sn, bnh vin, trng hc, chiu rng hnh lang gia khng c
nh hn 1,6m.
8.5. Khi thit k cu thang xon c v bc thang hnh r qut phi tnh n yu cu an
ton thot ngi khi c s c. Trng hp c bit phi c s tho thun ca c quan
phng chy cha chy.
8.6. Trong mi ngi nh , t nht phi c hai li thot nn. Cc li thot nn phi b tr
phn tn trong ton cng trnh .
Ch thch: i vi cng trnh c nhiu n nguyn cho php thit k mi n
nguyn c mt li thot nn
8.7. Ca i trn ng thot nn phi m ra pha ngoi nh. Khng cho php lm ca
y trn ng thot nn.
Ch thch : Ca i ra ban cng, ra sn, ca i ca cc phng thng xuyn khng
qu 15 ngi, ca kho c din tch nh hn 200m 2 v ca phng v sinh cho php
thit k m vo trong .
8.8.
I,II
III
IV
V
20
15
12
10
30
25
20
15
40
30
25
20
25
15
12
10
Ch thch : Trong cc cng trnh c khn gi, khong cch quy nh trong
bng 4 phi tnh t ch ngi xa nht n li thot gn nht .
Ph lc A
PHN LOI CNG TRNH CNG CNG
1. Cng trnh y t
1.1. Bnh vin a khoa, bnh vin chuyn khoa t Trung ng n a phng
1.2. Phng khm a khoa, phng khm chuyn khoa khu vc
1.3. Nh h sinh.
1.4. Nh iu dng, nh ngh, nh dng lo
1 1.5. C quan phng chng dch bnh
2 1.6. Trm y t
1.7. Trung tm phc hi chc nng
...
2. Cng trnh th thao
2.1. Sn vn ng, sn th thao c mi che v khng c mi che.
2.2. Nh luyn tp v thi u th thao
2.3. B bi c mi v khng c mi che
....
3. Cng trnh gio dc
3.1. Trng mm non
3.2. Trng tiu hc, trng ph thng c s, ph thng trung hc
3.3. Trng i hc v cao ng
3.4. Trng trung hc chuyn nghip
3.5 Trng dy ngh
3.6. Trng nghip v
...
4. Cng trnh vn ho
4.1. Th vin
4.2. Bo tng
4.3. Trin lm
4.4. Nh ht, rp chiu phim
4.5. Nh vn ho, cu lc b
4.6. Trung tm bin tp pht thanh, v tuyn truyn hnh
4.7. Trung tm biu din ngh thut
.....
5. C quan hnh chnh cc cp
5.1. Tr s U ban hnh chnh cc cp
5.2. Tr s ca cc c quan v t chc qun l Nh nc
5.3. Nh lm vic, vn phng
5.4. To n, Vin Kim sot
...
6. Cng trnh dch v cng cng
6.1. Khch sn, nh khch
6.2. Ngn hng
6.3. Trm cha chy
6.4. Trung tm dch v cng cng ( Git l, tm, cc trm sa cha, may v, ct tc....)
...
7. Cng trnh thng mi
7.1. Ch
7.2. Ca hng, trung tm thng mi, siu th
7.3. Ca hng n ung, gii kht
......
8. Cng trnh thng tin lin lc
8.1. Trung tm bu in, in thoi, in tn, tng i
8.2. Trung tm pht thanh v v tuyn truyn hnh.
......
9. Cng trnh giao thng
9.1. Cc ga xe la, cc trm kim tra ng giao thng
9.2 Bn xe t
9.3. Ga hng khng dn dng
9.4. Bn cng vn chuyn hnh khch
...
PH LC B
PHN NH DIN TCH TRONG CNG TRNH CNG CNG
B.1. Din tch s dng
Din tch s dng l tng din tch lm vic v din tch phc v.
Din tch cc gian phng, cc b phn c tnh theo kch thc thng thu tnh
t b ngoi lp trt nhng khng tr b dy cu lp vt liu p chn tng v khng
tnh din tch cc ng rc, ng khi, ng thng hi, in, nc... t trong phng hay
b phn .
B.2. Din tch lm vic
Din tch lm vic l tng din tch cc phng lm vic chnh v cc phng lm vic
ph tr.
Ch thch : Nhng din tch di y c tnh vo din tch lm vic:
- Din tch hnh lang kt hp phng hc trong trng hc, phng i, ch ngi
chi trong bnh vin , nh an dng, nh ht, rp chiu bng, cu lc b v.v. . .
- Din tch cc phng pht thanh, khi qun l, phng bng in ,tng i, phng
ph ca sn khu, ch tch on, phng k thut my chiu phim...
B.3. Din tch phc v
Din tch phc v bao gm cc din tch snh, hnh lang, bung thang, khu v sinh,
bung m v cc phng k thut.
Cc phng k thut l cc phng t ni hi, phng t my bm, my bin th,
thit b thng gi c kh, my iu ho khng kh, phng thit b my thang my
ch ngi, ch hng ho.
B.6 Khi tch xy dng (ca mt ngi nh, mt tng nh, mt phng):
Khi tch xy dng l tch s ca din tch xy dng ngi nh, din tch sn ca tng
hoc phng vi chiu cao ca ngi nh, tng nh v phng, k c tng k thut.
TCXDVN
H Ni-2002
LI NI U
TCXDVN 276: 2002- Cng trnh cng cng- Nguyn tc c bn thit k do Vin
nghin cu Kin trc bin son, V Khoa hc cng ngh- B Xy dng ngh v
c B Xy dng ban hnh.
B XY DNG
VIN NGHIN CU KIN TRC
S :
*****
/NCKT-TC