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Differentiation and its applications

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay

Curvature: Change in slope

Positive slope Zero slope Negative slope

Slope decreases as we go along x (convex)

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay
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Curvature, C(x)
y

dy m( x ) = dx d dy d 2 y d C ( x ) = (m( x )) = = 2 dx dx dx dx
x

C(x) is negative Slope decreases as we go along x

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay
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Curvature: Change in slope

Negative slope Zero slope Positive slope C(x) is positive

Slope increases as we go along x (concave)

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay
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Curvature: Change in slope

dy/dx=0

dy/dx=0 First derivative (slope) is zero at maximum and minimum

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay
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Minima of free energy

Y = pX 4 qX 2 mX + c

p,q,m, and c are some numbers

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay
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Energy of a spring-like protein

Y = 2( X 3) 2
Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay
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Chain rule
dy ( u( x )) dy du = . du dx dx

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay

Y=2X4-150X2

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay

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Force: derivative of energy

1 2 E = kx 2 dE f = = kx dx

Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay

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DNA unzipping by force

G(f) : Gibbs free energy If we know Gibbs free energy we can predict distance vs force relation

dG( f ) d= df
Prof. Ranjith Padinhateeri, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Bombay
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