Human Insulin

Production Process

What is Insulin?

It is a hormone that regulates the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood and is required for the body to function normally produced by cells in the pancreas, called the islets of Langerhans. regions of the pancreas that contain hormone-producing cells discovered by Frederick Banting and Charles Best in 1921

How does it works?

elevated levels of glucose in the blood stimulates cells of the pancreas to increase insulin secretion into the blood insulin circulates the body, and within minutes, stimulates the liver and muscle cells to take up glucose from the blood

Importance of Insulin

helps move blood sugar from your blood stream into your cells for energy essential part of treatment for people whose bodies cannot produce insulin on their own or are not producing enough

Steps in Producing Human Insulin

The gene is isolated. The mRNA is taken from the cell mRNA - molecule of RNA that encodes a chemical "blueprint" for a protein product isolated gene contains the code of the human DNA The plasmid DNA of the bacterial cell is taken out of the cell and cut open by restriction enzyme Restriction Enzyme - enzyme that cuts DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites

The plasmid ring open, the gene obtained from human cell is inserted into the plasmid ring. Human insulin gene is now combined with the bacterial DNA plasmid The resulting DNA is inserted back to the bacteria Engineered bacteria multiply Human insulin protein molecules produced by bacteria are gathered and purified Human insulin is produced

Human Insulin Production