/

:
: 2008
2007-2008.

5
5
5
6
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
10
13

14
14
14
15

16

( )

1
2
3

17
17
17
18
19
19
20
24
24
25
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29
29
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31

32




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Low Water
Flood or rise -
Ebb or fall -
Duration of Rise/Flood
Duration of fall/ebb
Slack Water - / , ,
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LAT (Lowest Astronomical Tide) /
.

19

Height of Tide - ( LAT)

Tidal Range ( - )
Springs Tides - ( )
Neaps Tides - ( )
.
1:25000 1:50000 (

) :
Mean High Water (MHW) :
(Normal Tidal
Limit) .

,
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Medina Isle of Wight
.
Mean Low Water (MLW) :
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.

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kelp .
MHW MLW . ,
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1.5
Lincolnshire 0.5-1 .

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(Dorset,
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Wight, ) .

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(British Admiralty) Internet.
5-7 .
British Admiralty Reeds
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OS Datum 1936 WGS 1984.
GPS
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Mean High Water Mark Normal Tidal
Limit.
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HW ( ).

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23


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(..
+/- 2
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1:
(causeway) Northumberland
Holy Island 6 2003
.
Reeds Holy Island,
: HW+3 30
W-2. North Shields,
,
40 .
06/09/2003 North Shields 11:55 UT
(Universal- Greenwich Time ), 11:55 40
= 11:15 UT Holy Island 12:15 .
00:21 UT 07/09/2003 North Shields,
00:21 40 = 23:41 UT Holy Island
00:41 07/09/2003 ..
,
.
HW+3 30 W-2,
12:15 2 = 10:15 .
12:15 + 3 30 = 15:45
00:41 2 = 22:41 .
.
05/09/2003 3 . 30 , : 23:00 UT
05/09/2003 North Shields, 23:00 40 = 22:20 UT 05/09/2003

24

Holy Island 23:20 3 30 =

02:50 06/09/2003.
:

02:50
10:15 .

15:45
22:41
2
Medina
Isle of Wight, .
, .
. 2003

.

2003.
29/06/2003
07/07/2003
13/07/2003
21/07/2003
29/07/2003
:

01/07/2003
09/07/2003
15/07/2003
23/07/2003
31/07/2003

+/- 3 (
) :
06/07/2003 12/07/2003
20/07/2003 26/07/2003

3

Fishguard .

2 3 2 30 Chart

25

Datum .
,
. f S
, .
OS .
23 2003.
Reeds Fishguard
Milford Haven
. ,

Milford Haven
Times
HW
01:00 08:00
13:00 20:00

LW
01:00
13:00

FishGuard
+01:15 +01:20

+01:10 +01:35

0700
19:00

Heights (m)
HWS HWN LWN LWS
7.0
5.2
2.5
0.7

-2.2

-1.8

-0.5

+0.1

23 2003, Milford Haven :

(, , )
HW
LW
HW
LW

Time (UT)
05:12
11:30
17:32
23:56

Tidal Height (m)

7.2m
0.6m
7.3m
0.5m

.
01:00 13:00 Fishguard
01:15. 08:00 20:00
Fishguard 01:20.
01:15 01:20 .
( 5 ),
30 .
Fishguard.
01:15 01:20 = 5 5*60/7= 43
01:00/13:00 08:00/20:00. Milford Haven

26

05:12 (4 01:00), +01:15

4()*43( )= 172 3 , +01:18
H Fishguard 05:12 + 01:18 = 06:30 (
)
:
HWS Milford Haven 7.0 m Fishguard 2.2 m
. HWS Milford
Haven 5.2 m Fishguard 1.8 m . ,
x
Milford Haven 7.2m, (x-1.8) / (7.2-5.2) = ( 2.2-1.8) / (7.0-5.2)
x= 2.25 m, , , Fishguard 2.25
.
(10 ), -2.2 .
06:30 7.2-2.2=5.

.
LWS Milford Haven 0.7 m
Fishguard 0.1 m (
). LWS Milford
Haven 2.5 m Fishguard 0.4 m . , x
Milford Haven 0.6m, (0.4+x) /
(2.5-0.6) = ( 0.4+0.1) / (2.5-0.7) x= +0.13 m, , ,
Fishguard 0.13 .
, +0.1.
0.6+0.1=0.7.
:
: 06:30
5
0.7
, (Milford
Haven ) :
= LAT +

10:00 .

( ).
(
) :
= 5-0.7=4.3

27

4.3/12=0.34
1
2
3
4

0.34
2*0.34
3*0.34
3*0.34

5-0.34=4.66
4,66-0.68=3,98
3,98-1,02=2,96
2,96-1,02=1,94

2.3m.
3 30 , 10:00.

.

28


:
,


.
;


.

,
GPS. DATUM (WGS84
Datum OS GB, OS Rep of Ireland, )
.

/ 25m,
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29


. Fulmar
Fulmarus Glacialis

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30


(DEEP WATER SOLO)
(Deep Water Solo)

80.
,
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,

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31

British Canoe Union, Canoe and Kayak Handbook, 3rd edition, 2002, Bangor, UK

(.. rafting).
, .
Goulder B, Lee-Elliot E et al, Reeds Nautical Almanac 2003, Nautical Data Ltd,
2002, Westbourne, Hampshire, UK
() .

,
.
, , .
Letham Lawrence, GPS Made Easy, 4th Edition, Cordee Publishing, Leicester,
2003
GPS
.
Libby Peter, Mountain Leader Training Handbooks, vol 2, Rock Climbing
Essential Skills & Techniques, Mountain Leader Training UK, 2004, Nottingham,
UK

.
, Deep Water Solo.
Long Steve, Mountain Leader Training Handbooks, vol 1, Hill Walking,
Mountain Leader Training UK, 2003, Nottingham, UK

.
.
. ,
.
Musgrove David, {T}rust, The Summit Magazine, British Mountaineering
Council, issue 41, 2006

. .

32