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PS Basics of A DC Drive
PS Basics of A DC Drive
Purpose of a DC Drive
V
T
Alternating Voltage
T
Direct Voltage
A DC drive converts AC power to DC voltage in order to vary the speed and torque of the motor
DC Motor Review
Speed is primarily determined by Armature Voltage Torque is determined by Armature Current
DC Motor Review
Extended motor speeds above base speed are achieved by reducing the field voltage (current)
Field Weakening
DC Drive
Field Supply 3 Phase AC Power
L1 L2 L3 T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
DC Drive Components
DC DRIVE INPUT
V
L1 L2 L3
Field Supply
3 Phase AC Power
T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
Alternating Voltage
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
DC Drive Components
Silicon Control Rectifiers (SCR)
L1 L2 L3
Field Supply
3 Phase AC Power
T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
T
Direct Voltage Operator Control Station
DC Drive Components
Field Supply
3 Phase AC Power
L1 L2 L3
Field Supply
T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
DC Drive Components
Field Supply 3 Phase AC Power
L1 L2 L3 T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
DC Drive Components
Field Supply 3 Phase AC Power
L1 L2 L3 T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
Compares instructions feedback signals and send appropriate signal to firing circuit Current (Torque) Voltage (Speed)
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Regulator
Regulator
DC Drive Components
Field Supply 3 Phase AC Power
L1 L2 L3 T1 T3 T5
Gate
SCR
M
Shunt Field Current Feedback Voltage Feedback
T2 T4 T6
DC Armature
Firing Circuit
Firing Circuit
Regulator
Power (% of Rated)
C on
st
an
tT
100 Speed (% of Base Speed)
or qu e
Forms of Stopping
Coast to Rest Ramp Stop Dynamic Braking Regeneration
Dynamic Braking
Dynamic Braking
Drive Powering Motor
- Dissipates rotating mechanical energy to heat - Faster than coasting to rest - Not Controllable (except by changing the resistor)
Stop Signal Sent Dynamic DB Braking Resistor Resistor
M
Dynamic Braking Current
Firing Circuit
Regulator
Regeneration
Regeneration - Occurs when load overhaul motor - Puts power back into drive through 2nd set of SCRs Benefits - Stop High Inertia Loads Faster - Return Energy to AC Power Line
Reverse Current Forward Reverse Foward Current
Firing Circuit
Regulator
Stopping Time
Speed Regulation
How Much Will the Speed Change
Speed Regulation
Feedback Options
Types of Regulation
Voltage Current (Torque) Speed Position
For discussion purpose, the regulation discussed will be from 0 to base speed.
Types of Regulation
Voltage Regulator Drive Regulates Armature Voltage Feedback = Voltage & Current Speed Changes based on loading (5%) IR Compensation
Improves regulation Measures current feedback
Types of Regulation
Current (Torque) Regulation Adjusts armature voltage to change armature current Feedback = Voltage & Current Drive will provide only the current (torque) it is told
Types of Regulation
Speed Regulation Drive regulates speed of motor by changing armature voltage Feedback = Speed &Current
Types of Regulation
Position Regulation Drive regulates positioning device by changing the armature voltage Feedback = Position & Current
Circuit Breaker
Line Reactor
FlexPak 3000 Drive
Contactor
Circuit Breaker
Provide power off switch Overload capability Thermal Instantaneous Current
Provides Impedance Reduce Electrical Noise Isolation from ground Protect from external transients Preferred for regenerative applications
Contactor
Mechanical disconnect to Motor
DC Drive Modifications
Blower Motor Starter 115 V Control Interface Enhanced Field Supply
Electronic Field Trim (240 V Drives only) Field Economy Field Current Regulator
DC Drive Modifications
Blower Motor Starter
AC motor starter
Control of 3-phase blower motor Fused with adjustable overload & interlocking
DC Drive Modifications
115 V Control Interface
DC Drive Modifications
Enhanced Field Supply Adjust field voltage to control field flux Electronic Field Trim
Changes Field Voltage/Current
Field Economy
Supply minimum voltage to keep motor warm
DC Drive Modifications
Field Current Regulator Actually regulates field current Improves regulation performance
DC Drive Terms
Constant Torque Variable Hp Cogging Full Wave / Half Wave Regulation (% of rated) M Contactor Contactor Turn down Ratio Enclosures (Page XIV)
Questions ???