EM27 Momentcoefficienten Platen

.
WATER
RESOURCES
TECHNICAL
PUBLICATION
ENGINEERING MONOGRAPH
NO.
27
Moments and Reactions for Rectangular Plates

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF RECLAMATION
WATER
RESOURCES TECHNICAL
PUBLICATION
Engineering
Monograph
NO. P7
Moments and Reactions for Rectangular Plates

By W. T. MOODY
Division of Design Denver, Colorado
United
States
Department
of the Interior
BUREAU OF RECLAMATION
As the Nations principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water resources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in Island Territories under U.S. Administration.
First Printing: October 1963 Revised: July 1963 Reprinted: April 1966 Reprinted: July 1970 Reprinted: June 1975 Reprinted: December 1976 Reprinted: January 1978 Reprinted: April 1980 Reprinted: March 1983 Reprinted: June 1986 Reprinted: August 1990
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING WASHINGTON : 1978
OFFICE
Preface
presents a series of tables containing computed data for use in the design of components of structures which can be idealized as rectangular plates or slabs. Typical examples are wall and footing panels of counterfort retaining walls. The tables provide the designer with a rapid and economical means of analyzing the The data structures at representative points. presented, as indicated in the accompanying figure on the frontispiece, were computed for fivl: sets of boundary conditions, nine ratios of lateral dimensions, and eleven loadings typical of those encountered in design.
THIS MONOGRAPH
As supplementary guides to the use and development of the data compiled in this monograph, two appendixes are included. The first appendix presents an example of application of the data to a typical structure. The second appendix explains the basic mathematical considerations and develops the application of the finite difference method to the solution of plate problems. A series of drawings in the appendixes presents basic relations which will aid in application of the method to other problems. Other drawings illustrate application of the method to one of the specific cases and lateral dimension ratios included in the monograph.
Acknowledgments
The writer was assisted in the numerical computations by W. S. Young, J. R. Brizzolara, and D. Misterek. H. J. Kahm assisted in the computations and in checking the results obtained. The figures were prepared by H. E. Willmann. Solutions of the simultaneous equations were performed using an electronic calculator under the direction of F. E. Swain.
CASE
CASE
CASE
CASE
CASE PLATE FIXED FOVR EOBES
5 *Lowe
BOUNDARY
CONOITIONS
L-p-A
LOAD I LOAD n LOAD IU NWORY LOAD OVER e/3 THE EIBHT OF THE PLITE NlFORY LOAD OVER 113 THE HEIOHT OF THE PLATE
f------0 IL!kl
id- pd
LOAD Ip WlFORYLI ARIINO LOAD OVER THE FVLL HEIGHT OF THE PLATE
f---G id
;pd
LOAD Y
NlFORYLl ARIINO LOAD OVER e/3 TM ns,en* OF THE PLATE
-H
LOAD H LOAD PII LOAD Pm LOAD iI LOAD
p LI LOAD
NlFORYL AWlNO LOAD OVER l/6 THE ElBf OF TE PLATE fP 7--
UNIFORM YOYEW ALOW IHE soce y - b FOR OASES I, L. AND 5
UNIFORM LINE LOAD ILOWOWE FREEEOBE FOR OASES I AND 3
WIFORYL mI*e D- o ALOWOy-b/e
P-q k-----a----+ LOAD H
WIFORYLI ARIIYB LOAD p - 0 ALON0 x - a,*
LOADING
CONDITIONS
NOTES
The variaus cases ratios of o/b. Coses I, e, and 3: are
I/B, : : l/8, 310,
analyzed
1f4, 3/s,
for
I/Z,
the indicated
Cose
Case 5 All results
are
bored
3/a, I, ond 3/z. 314, and I. 3/4, 7/e, ond I. on a Poissons ratio of 0.2. l/4, I/S?, 3/0, s/8,
I/2,
INDEX
OF BOUNDARY
AND
LOADING
CONDITIONS
-FRONTISPIECE
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgments -----____-___________--__
Page .. . ill
Frontispiece Introduction Method
__------________________________________--------________ ________________.______ - _________________ ______________________________ -- ______
iv
1 3 5 6 43 45 45 49 49 49 49 54 89
of Analysis
Results ________________________________________-------- ______

Effect of Poissons Ratio- ___________________________ - ________
Accuracy Appendix Appendix
of Method of Analysis--------------------I ______________________________ - _________________ I I ________________________________________________
An Application to a Design Problem-- - - ___________- ___ ________
The Finite Difference Method- _ _ _ _________________________- _Introduction____________________________---------------General Mathematical Relations- _ ____-__ ______________-_ _ Application to Plate Fixed Along Three Edges and Free Along the Fourth__________________________________---------
List of ,Re f erences------------------------------------_____ LIST

Number
OF
FIGURES
PW 7 8 9 10
V
1. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load
I, uniform load- ----------------->---------_-------------2. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load II, 213 uniform load _____________ ___________________________ 3. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load III, l/3 uniform load--------______________________________ 4. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IV, uniformly varying load ____ _____________________________ _
vi
Number
CONTENTS me
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 5. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load V, 213 uniformly varyingload _---__--_______ ------________ 6. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VI, l/3 uniformly varying load -------____________________ 7. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VII, l/6 uniformly varyingload--_-----..-----______________ 8. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VIII, moment at free edge------_____ ---------____________ 9. Plate fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IX, lineload at free edge---------------------_____________ 10. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load I, uniform load---- - - - _ - __ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ 11. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load II, 213 uniform load_ - _ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ 12. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load III, l/3 uniform load- - - - __ __ _ __ _ _ _ 13. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IV, uniformly varying load - _ __ _ __ _ __ 14. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load V, 213 uniformly varying load--_ __ _ __ 15. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VI, l/3 uniformly varying load_- _ __ _ _ 16. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VII, l/6 uniformly varying load- __ _ _ _ 17. Plate fixed along three edges-Hinged along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VIII, moment at hinged edge- - - - - - _ _ 18. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load I, uniform load--- __ _ _ __ _ _ 19. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and react,ion coefficients, Load II, 213 uniform load _ _ _ _ __ _ 20. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load III, l/3 uniform load- _- _ _ 21. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IV, uniformly varying load. 22. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load V, 213 uniformly varying load----_______-----____________________-----------------23. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VI, l/3 uniformly varying load_-__-------_________________________-----------------24. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VII, l/6 uniformly varying load- ---__-_-_-----__------~~~~~~~~--~~-----------------25. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VIII, moment at free edge- 26. Plate fixed along one edge-Hinged along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IX, line load at free edge27. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefllcients, Load I, uniform load--- __________- ------------------
28
29
30 31 32 33
CONTENTS
Number page
vii
28. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load II, 213 uniform load------------______________ 29. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load III, l/3 uniform load- _ - - - - - - - _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ 30. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load IV, uniformly varying load- - _- - _ - - - - _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ _ 31. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load V, 2/3 uniformly varying load- _- - - - - - - _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ 32. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VI, l/3 uniformly varying load- _- - - - _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ 33. Plate fixed along two adjacent edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load VII, l/6 uniformly varying load-- _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ 34. Plate fixed along four edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load I,uniformload____-----------_____________________-------35. Plate fixed along four edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load X, uniformly varying load, p=O along y=b/2------__________ 36. Plate fixed along four edges, moment and reaction coefficients, Load XI, uniformly varying load, p=O along x=a/2---------------.. 37. Counterfort wall, design example---~---------------~-~~~~~-~..~ 38. Grid point designation system and notation_- - - _- _ - - _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ 39. Load-deflection relations, Sheet I _______________ --__--_-------40. Load-deflection relations, Sheet II----------------------------41. Load-deflection relations, Sheet III---------------------------42. Load-deflection relations, Sheet IV __________ -___--_-------_---43. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 3 at h; 1 at h/2, Sheet V44. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 2 at h; 2 at h/2, Sheet VI45. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 2 at h; 1 at h/2; 1 at h/4, SheetVII___-_-----______________________----------------46. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 at h; 3 at h/2, Sheet VIII--__-----_-_----------------------------------------47. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 at h; 1 at h/2; 2 at h/4, SheetIX___-_________-_-______________________----------48. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 each at h, h/2, h/4, and h/8, Sheet X------------_____________________________ 49. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 4 at h/2, Sheet Xl _ _ _ _ _ 50. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 at h/2; 3 at h/4, Sheet XII---------------------------------------------------51. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 at h/2 ; 1 at h/4; 2 at h/8, Sheet XIII--------------_______-_____________________ 52. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 4 at h/4, Sheet XIV--- 53. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 1 at h/4; 3 at h/8, Sheet xv ____ ------------------------------------------------54. Load-deflection relations, vertical spacing: 4 at h/8, Sheet XVI---55. Load-deflection relations, horizontal spacing: 4 at rh/2, Sheet XVII56. Load-deflection relations, horizontal spacing: 3 at rh/2; 1 at rh, SheetXVIII_-------_------------------------------------57. Load-deflection relations, horizontal spacing: 2 at rh/2; 2 at rh, SheetXIX _______________________ --- _________ -_-_-_- ______ 58. Load-deflection relations, horizontal spacing: 1 at rh/2 ; 3 at rh, Sheet xX-__-_------_--_--________________________________
34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 46 50 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 6.5 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Viii Number
CONTENTS
PW
59. Load-deflection relations, horizontal spacing: 4 at rh, Sheet XXI- _ 60. Moment-deflectionrelations--______________ --_--___-- ________ 61. Moment-deflection relations, various point spacings- _____________ 62. Shear-deflection relations, Sheet I--- __- - - - __- - - ________________ 63. Shear-deflection relations, Sheet II-------------____- __________ 64. Shear-deflection relations, Sheet III- ___________________________ 65. Load-deflection coefficients, r=1/4, p=O.2------____ -- _________ 66. Plate fixed along three edges-30 equations for determining unknown deflections. a/b=114 _______________--______ --- ____--- _____ 67. Plate fixed along three edges, deflection coefficients. a/b=114 Variousloadings________--_---____________---___----_______ 68. Plate fixed along three edges-20 equations for determining unknown deflections. a/b=114 _______________________ ---___---- _____ 69. Numerical values of typical moment and reaction arrays, r=1/4,
p=o.2 __-____-___-------______________________------------
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87
70. Plate fixed along three edges, deflections-reactions-bending ____ ----- _______ moments,Load I. a/b=1/4, p=O.2-----------
LIST OF TABLES
NUmb6T Pap
1. Effect of Poissons Ratio (p) on Coefficients of Maximum
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Bending Moment at the Center of a Uniformly Loaded Rectangular Plate Fixed along Four Edges _______--_-___-___----_-----_____--Comparison of Coefficients of Maximum Bending Moment at the Center of a Uniformly Loaded Rectangular Plate Fixed along FourEdges____________--________-____________________-____ M, for Heel Slab at Supports------- ________--- _____-_---- ______ M, for Heel Slab at Supports- ____ -- ______--__- _________-- ______ M,forWallSlabatSupports ____ -- _-____________________- _____ M, for Wall Slab at Supports- __ ____________________________ ___
6 43
47 47 48 48
Introduction
CERTAIN COMPONENTS of many structures may be logically idealized as laterally loaded, rectangular plates or slabs having various conditions of edge support. This monograph presents tables of coefficients which can be used to determine moments and reactions in such structures for various loading conditions ,and for several ratios of lateral dimensions. The finite difference method was used in the analysis of the structures and in the development of the tables. This method, described in Appendix
II of this monograph, makes possible the analysis of rectangular plates for any of the usual types of edge conditions, and in addition it can readily take into account virtually all types of loading. An inherent disadvantage of the method lies in the great amount of work required in solution of the large number of simultaneous equations to which it gives rise. However, such equations can be readily systematized and solved by an electronic calculator, thus largely offsetting this disadvantage.
Method
THE
of Analysis
In this study, for each load and ratio of lateral dimensions, deflections were determined at 30 or more grid points by solution of an equal number of simultaneous equations. A relatively closer spacing of points was used in some instances near fixed boundaries to attain the desired accuracy in this region of high curvature. For the a/b ratios l/4 and l/8, one and two additional sets, respectively, of five deflections were determmed in the vicinity of the x axis. Owing to the limitations on computer capacity, these deflections were computed by solutions of supplementary sets of 20 equations whose right-hand members were functions of certain of the initially computed deflections as well as of the loads. In each case, the solution of the equations was made through the use of an electronic calculator. Computations of moments and reactions were made using desk calculators and the appropriate finite difference relations. The finite difference relations used are discussed in Appendix II.
FINITE difference method is based on t,he usual approximate theory for the bending of thin plates subjected to lateral loads.* The customary assumptions are made, therefore, with regard to homogeneity, isotropy, conformance with Hookes law, and relative magnitudes of deflections, thickness, and lateral dimensions. (See Appendix II.) Solution by finite differences provides a means of determining a set of deflections for discrete points of a plate subjected to given loading and The deflections are determined edge conditions. in such a manner that the deflection of any point, together with those of certain nearby points, satisfy finite difference relations which correspond to the differential expressions of the usual plate theory. These expressions relate coordinates and deflections to load and edge conditions.
*Numbers page 89. in superscript refer to publications in List of References on
FIGURES 1 through 36 present the results of these studies as tables of dimensionless coefficients for the rectangular components of bending moment and for reactions at the supports. The studies were carried out for the following edge, or boundary, conditions : Case 1: Plate fixed along three edges and free along the fourth edge. Case 2: Plate fixed along three edges and hinged along the fourth edge. Case 3: Plate fixed along one edge, free along the opposite edge, and hinged along the other two edges. Case 4: Plate fixed along two adjacent edges and free along the other two edges. Case 5: Plate fixed along four edges. The loads, selected because they are representative of conditions frequently encountered in structures, are : Load I: Uniform load over the full height of the plate. Load II: Uniform load over 2/3 the height of the plate. Load III: Uniform load over l/3 the height of the plate. Load IV: Uniformly varying load over the full height of the plate.
Load V: Uniformly varying load over 213 the height of the plate. Load VI: Uniformly varying load over l/3 the height of the plate. Load VII : Uniformly varying load over l/6 the height of the plate. Load VIII: Uniform moment along the edge y=b of the plate for Cases 1, 2, and 3. Load IX: Uniform line load along the free edge of the plate for Cases 1 and 3. Load X: Uniformly varying load, p=O along y=b/2. Load XI : Uniformly varying load, p = 0 along x=a/2. Plates with the following ratios of lateral dimensions, a, to height b, were studied for the first four cases: l/8, l/4, 318, l/2, 314, 1, 312. The analysis was carried out for these cases using Loads I through IX and all dimension ratios, except that Load IX was omitted from Case 2 for obvious reasons, and Loads VIII and IX and the ratio a/b=312 were omitted from Case 4. It will be noted that for the first three cases, which have symmetry about a vertical axis, the dimension a denotes one-half of the plate width, and for the fourth, unsymmetrical case, a denotes the full width. For Case 5, lateral 5
MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

can be determined easily, since the deflections computed from finite difference theory are independent of Poissons ratio. Futhermore, the bending moments at, and normal to, the fixed edges are unaffected by this factor. It is reasonable then to conclude that insofar as the moments which are most important in design are concerned, the maximum effect for this case will occur at the center of the slab. Table 1 shows a comparison of maximum bending moment coeflicients at the center of a uniformly loaded plate for several values of p and for each ratio of a/b for which Case 5 was computed. For a change in Poissons ratio from 0.2 to 0.3 it is noted that the maximum effect on the bending moment coefficient occurs at a/b= 1, where the change in the coefficient is less than 8 percent.
at the Center of a Uniformly
dimension ratios of 318, l/2, 518, 3/4, 718 and 1 were studied, subjected to Loads I, X, and XI. For this case, a and b denote the full lateral dimensions. All numerical results are based on a value of Poissons ratio of 0.2. The arrangement of the tables is such t,hat each coefficient, both for reaction and moment, appears in the tables at a point which corresponds geometrically to its location in the plate as shown in each accompanying sketch. Effect of Poissons Ratio
A question which frequently arises is: What effect does Poissons ratio have on the bending moments in a plate? For the plate fixed along four sides, a clear understanding of this effect
TABLE
l.-Effect
of Poissons
Ratio (p) on Coeficienk of Maximum Bending Moment Loaded Rectangular Plate Fixed Along Four Edges
Values of M./pa* 0 0.1 0.2 0.3
-% ;I
0. 375 0. 5 0.625 0. 75 0. 875 1. 0
- 0.0423 - 0.0403 -0.0358 -0.0298 -0. 0235 -0.0177
-0.0424 - 0.0407 -0.0367 -0.0311 -0.0251 -0. 0195
-0. 0424 -0.0411 -0.0376 -0. 0324 -0.0267 -0.0213
-0.0425 -0.0415 -0. 0384 -0.0337 -0. 0283 -0. 0230
__.--.-...-.-._-_
-..
RESULTS
Moment-: Reaction
(Coefflctent) : (Coefftclent)
(pb) (pb) X
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE l.-Plate
.tixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load I, uniform
load.
IO
IO
lo
IO
IO
32 i-.0039 1
n.
.a-<
31-.029sl
Moment Reaction
= (Goefficient)(pfl) = (Goefficient)( pb)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 2.-P&e
$xed along three edges, moment and reaction
coeflcients,
Load ZZ, 913 uniform
load.
RESULTS
Y
P
v
MI Moment Reaction = (Coefficieni) = (Coefficient) (pb) (pb) Rx
--
RV
tX
W POSITIVE
0 My I SIQN CONVENTION
FIGURE 3.-Plate
$xed along three edges, moment and reaction
coeflcients,
Load III,
l/S uniform
load.
I ._.-..-.-
~..
10
I t
\I
..T..
I 0
I+ IlId7
I+ on99
1.0 I+ 3177
lt.oe57r;
Moment
= (Goefficient)(pb*) (Coefficient)(pb)
I?eOCflOn =
WV
I/ MI -+-. I4 0 RV %iiJ, Mv
I SIGN
+X
POSITIVE
CONVENTION
FIGURE k--Plate
fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load IV,
uniformly
varying
loud.
_.-.-.-.--.-
.______-
RESULTS
I 0
I- 0155 I+ 0025 I
.. t
m\bI+ , 001, I+ 1712 I+ 2595
I Y
----
---
I t .3224
+. 3329
t.3356
1
MI Moment Reaction : (Coefficlent)( = (Coefflcient)( pb2.) pb) 0 w W
POSITIVE
-+ Rx b
IJP
X M,
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE
B.-Plate
Jixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load V, .9/S uniformly
varying
load.
Moment = (Coefficient)ipb) Reaction = (Goefficient)( pb )
W. POSITIVE
I SIGN CONVENTION
FIQURE
B.-Plate
fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load VI,
l/S uniformly
varying
load.
-.-..--.__-.
.._
RESULTS
*-0 _-_ ---O---~ iGee _, , --t ill.ii -i-,

FIGURE 7.-Plate
Moment Aeoction
(Coefficient)(pb*) pb) +X
I SISN CONVENTION
= (Coefficient)(
W POSITIVE
jixed along three edges, moment and reaction coejkients,
Load VII,
l/6 uniformly
varying
load.
f-P
Moment : (Coefficient)( M) Reaction : (Coefficient)($)
Ip M. --J Al--l . I
X FOSITIVE SIQN CCNVENTION Load VIII, moment at free edge.
1
FIGURE 8.-Plate jked along three edges, moment and reaction coejkients,
RESULTS
15
+ 0185 ~,-.012,+~~O036~~1-+.0064 -~~~ 0.2 I-.OiSO I-.0004~*.0004~+.0006~+.0004[+.0001
t 0226
i.0261 t.0147
+.0264 +01j4
+.wg, + 0164 t.0024
l- .0107
$0036~
I-.OOOOI-.o001
1+.0003
+:0010
+:0056/+.007g/ +.001, +.0022
...,T -39111
;I+.0746
+.0666I+.O655
+.0644]
Moment Reaction
= (GoeffIcient) = (Goefflcient)(F)
W POSITIVE
I SIGN CONVENTION
moment and reaction
coeflcients,
Load IX,
line load at free edge.
16
.__~-++ F., I ---+I _--T

hinged Moment = (Coefficient)(pb*) a Reoctiin = (Coefficicnt)( pb)
a
Fxa UaE
IIriIll
---- i - -X
POSITIVE SION CONVENTION
lO.-Plate
jixed along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment
and reaction
coeficiente,
Load I, uniform
load.
RESULTS
, 4 0.8 I .o
0 0 1 0.2 IO [ 0.4 lo 1 0.6 IO [ 0.6 I [ 1.0 In +.0017 +.0020 0 0
17
Moment = (Coefficient)(pb) Reaction = (Coefficient)( pb )
LE Il.-Plate
jized along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment and reaction coejicients,
Load ZZ, d/S unifol vn load.
Moment Aeoction
= (Coefficient)(pb) = (Coefficient)( pb)
X
POSITIVE SIQN CONVENTION
FIQURE l2.-Plate fixed
along
three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients,
Load III,
l/S unifor .rn load.
RESULTS
Moment = (Coefficirnt)(pb*) Reaction = (Coefficicnt)( pb ) X
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 13.-Plate
fixed along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment and reaction coeficients, load.
Load IV, uniformly
varying
-.--_.__-.._-.---..--.
Moment Reaction
= =
(Coefficient)(pff) (Coefficient)( pb ) +-X
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 14.-Plate
fxed
along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment and reaction varying load.
coefkients,
Load V, d/3 uniformly
.._.. .-..-.---..-.--
Moment = (Coefficient)(pb*) Reaction = (Coefficient)( pb)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 15.-Plate
fixed along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment varying load.
and reaction
coejkients,
Load VI,
l/3
uniformly
Moment = (Goefficient)(pb? Reaction = (Coefficient)( pb)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 16.-Plate
jixed along three edges--Hinged
along one edge, moment and reaction
coejicients,
Load VII,
l/6 uniformly
varying
load.
RESULTS
23
Moment = (Coefficient)( Reaction = (Coefficient)($),
M)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 17.-Plate
$xed along three edges-Hinged
along one edge, moment hinged edge.
and reaction
coeficiente,
Load VIII,
moment at
Y ~+--*--+*
._-f
0 I I
Moment Reaction
= (Coefficlent) = (Coefficient)
(pb) (pb )
--_ L-x 0
POSITIVE SIGN CONVENTION
FIQURE 18.-Plate
fixed along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite edges, load.
and reaction
coefkients,
Load I, uniform
25
gt-.00371-.00531-.00631-.0067i
r1-.02351 0
~-.0140~-.0220~-.026lt-.0277kO262i
Moment Reoctlon
= (Coefficient) = (GoeffIcIent)
(pb) (pb)
I/ M. -+ R. f&l ^.
POSITIVE SIGN CONVENTION
FIG
E lg.-Plate
fixed
along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite uniform load.
edges, moment
and reaction
coeficients,
Load
II,
MI Moment Reaction : (Coefficient) = (Coefficient) (pb*) (pb ) h
--
P
v
fb I My W@ POSITIVE SION
tX
CONVENTION
FIQURE
20.-Plate
jkced along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite
edges, moment
and reaction
coejkients,
Load III,
l/S
uniform
load.
RESULTS
Moment Reoctaon
= (Coefflclent) = (Coeffxlent)
(pb) (pb)
W. 0
IA Ma -+ R. Rv d&iJI MY
SIGN CONVENTION
POSITIVE
FIGURE 21.-Plate
jixed along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite edges, moment and reaction coeflcients, varying load.
Load IV, unifol
- .-._-
__--
28
--_ f
Moment
f?eactlon = (caefflclent)(pb) = (Coefflcient)( pb) +X
W POSITIVE SIGN
I CONVENTION
FIGURE 22.-Plate
fixed
along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite edges, moment uniformly varying load.
and reaction
coeficients,
Load
V,
29
Moment = (Coefficlent)(pb*) Reaction = (Coefficient)( pb)
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
FI :GuRE 23.-Plate
fixed
along
along two opposite edges, moment uniformly varying load.
and reaction
coejicients,
Load
VI,
11s
i
Moment
heOCtiOn
= (Coofficiant)( = (Coefflcient)(
pb) pb)
W
POSITIVE SION CONVENTION
FIGURE 24.-Plate
fized along one edge-Hinged
along
two opposite
varying
edges, moment load.
and reaction
coeficients,
Load VII,
l/6
uniformly
Moment Reaction
- (Coefflcient)( = (Coeffxwnt)(j-1
M)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIG URE 25.-Plate
jixeu along one edge-Hinged
along two opposite edges, mom&t at free edge.
and reaction coeficients,
Load VIII,
momen tt
_.-.-.-__.-.- ._-__..
32
Moment Reoctlon
= (Coefftcient)( : (Coefficient)(
Fb) F )
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 26.-Plate
fixed
along one
along two opposite edges, load at free edge.
and reaction
coqjicients,
Load IX,
1ine
RESULTS
~.0160~+.0061~+.0029~+.0002)
151-.00241-.00301 ~00061+~00l71+ 00321+.00471 0 0 1+.00291+ 0066~+.0159~+ 02361+,0304
.ol76
I+.0060
1t.0002
1 +.OlZl
I+.0067
I+.0020
l-.0018
\-.0401 Rx t.0011 1977 +.0952 +.I576 t.0296 t.3024 -.0059 I.003Zl- .0023 ~+.0377~+.OlZOl+ OOOII.00721+ +.0125 +.2595 + .0221 +.4574 +.5696 ~0162 .OllO - .0079 .0026 .0061 + .0326 +.7920 +I.1266 , 1 1 -0 0 ~~+.0165~+.006~-.00051-.004z~-.UUb~(-.~0 1 1
l .9739
0 __.. 0 0 0 0 0 0
I.0
+.6290+. 6. 1
~_
0 0.6
+.7827
---
--
---
^.__
_---
-~3 \ 0
LO.2 d
I+.0741 -.0696
~.0282~+.0144(+.0077~+ 0 -.0696 +.0041 +.0333
L Y ;
I
1
---.-
I-
.oesrl
I+ .00721+.0207)+
.03451+.04941
~1+.03621
.---.+.
I
Moment = (GoefficIent) : (Coefficient) (pb*) (pb) Reaction
I --Y04~~~/~~~/~~~~J
FIGURE
p4
;p&
W POSITIVE SIGN CONVENTION
27.-Plate
fixed along two adjacent
edges, moment and reaction
coeficients,
Load I, uniform
load.
34
0.2 I.0
1 -co 1 0.8 l-.0014 ~+.00751+.OOll +.00021*.00021+.0002l+
0.4
0.6
0001
0.6
1+.0001 00021 I
1.0
0 0 I+
0
0 0002/+ I
0.2
0 I
0.d 1 ! 0.6
0 I 0
j 0.6 I
I 0
1 I. 0 1
I 0
~+.0006~+.0006~+.0004~+
00021+.00021+
0002/+.00031+.00031
~6~+.0035~+.0019~+.0008)+.0001
+.I209 +.0067 0 +.0046j-.Ob61 -.0167 +.0028: +.0031 +.0040 +.0001 + 0021 +.ooos +.0505 t.0026 +.0008 t.0009 +. 1061 +.0001 +.0013
0
0 0
~+.00~~j+.00071+.00031+.00001-
OOOII-.00021
l .0046
l 2023
+ 0011
3114
+ 0020
y-.0822 Ra I.0 0. e -0.6. 0.4 ,Ib [~~+:I&]+ 0 -.0462 t.0819 t.2733 +.3352 +.0102 +.0213 + ~-~ t.0384 -r
OOl2(+
1050 +.0065 +.009 r t.0063
+.2030 +.0055
l .3661
+.0026
5432 0 0 0 I. 0. 1 0 1 0 I 0
+.0106 +.0149 -+.0165 .%$,@7 1 +.0011
L -
--+-0003 .-
1-.0022 0010
-,----A ! 1
0 0 0
( !+.0077~~.00241-
, I 0~~-.00~6~~.00~6~/~.0ll6
4 1
-.0003 t.0031 +.0055
t.0079
-.0069~+.0125~+.1333
+.22851+.39631+.5629
+.0019
0053
+.00691+.0125 1+.46931+.6544 +.0026 -.0022
-.0250~+.0436[+.l939~+.3C7l
-I!
+.0524
+.034l
+.0153
+.0542
+.0113
-.0042
-.00741-.0051
t-7
Moment Reoctlon
: (Coefficient) = (Coefficient)
(pb) (pb) 3-X

I Sl(iN CONVENTION
W
POSITIVE
FIQURE 28.-Plate
jbed along two adjacent
edges, moment and reaction
coeficients,
Load II,
$713 uniform
load.
RESULTS
0.2
~+.1774~+.0131~+.0020~-.00171-.00241-.00171
I+.Ofi261-.OOl71-.00471-.00641
f
I.0 0. a 0. 6 II 0.4 0. 2
~Y~+.00481+.16151+.2512~+.2874~t.3312~+.3489~ t .0052 t.0104 t.0116 t .Ol26 +.0135 f.0094 t .0059 +.0016 t.0011 - .0002 -.0022 -.0023 + .0057 + .2808 -.0006 -.0008 - .OOl6 -.0025 -.0015 +.0072 t .3064 -.OOl -.OOlO - .0013 -.0017 -.0005 t .I3383 t .3372 t I 0 0 0 0 0 0 .3473 0 +.0023 f.0025 t .0027 t .0019 0 0 t .OOl2 t.0008 - .002 - .0045 I 0 + .0002 - .0012 - .0053 - .0055 0 - .0007 -.0026 - .0069 - .0043 0 - .0014 - .OOM - .0075 - .0029 0 - .0020 - .0046 - .0060 - .0020
R.
t.0356 + .0430 +.I052 + .I682
l .0053
t.0041 +.OOl3 -.0015 + .0033 + .2052
It.oos
Moment Reaction
= (Coefficient) = (Coefficient)
(pb*) (pb)
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
FIGURE 29.-Plate
edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load III,
l/S uniform
load.
36
+.0075 ;.0252
+.0007 +.0017
+.0006 t.0011
+.0004 +.0006
+.oooz +.0003
+.0001 +.OOOl
0 0
0 + .0003
l .0056
-.0008
.o
0.4
~+.2050j+.~246~+.0122
~+.0045~+.0002
l-.0012
(+.0049~+.0017~.
0.2
[+.I413
~+.0162~+.0056~+.0010
)-.0005
I-.0004)
I+.oo52/+
i? I, 1
I I
0.8 0.6 0.4 1 0.2

~~ I
+.2303 +.2067 +.2363

I
+.0459 +.0467 t.0360
+.0195 +.0242 +.Ol2l
+,0064 +.0046 +.OOlO
-.0002 -.0023 -.0030
-.0036 -.0027 -.0029 I
0 0
+.0097 +.0092 +.0072
+.0040 +.oozo -.0003 +.oooa +.0147
-.0044 0004 -.0060 +.0019 +.0352
-.0093 -.0096 +.0050
0129
-.Oll7 +.ooe3 + 0740 +.01oLl t.0696
~*.1193~+.01~0~+.0042~+.0005~+.0006(+.00l6 -.0194 0 +.0029 +.0070 +.0110 +.014a
0 I,+,0032
0 ----1 0 0
l .0546
I
I.0
n v-.0194~+.1105~+.2399(+.32: R
+.I917 +.0662 +.0291 +.0056 -.0059
561+.44891+.5505i I -.0077
I 0 I
0.6
)+.23641+.0518
I+.0173
l+.OOO4!-.00591-.0054
+.0046
t.0103
t.0152
l .0197
+.0232
+.0515
+.0759
+.0987
1157
Moment Reoctton
= (Coefficient) = (Coefftcient)
(pb*) ( pb)
c 0-A
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIG IURE
30.-Plate
$xed along two adjacent
edges, moment and reaction coeficients,
Load IV,
uniformly
varying
load.
RESULTS
37
MY
I
0.2 1.0 0. e 2 II c, 0.6 0.4 0.2 -.OOOJ +.0001 +.oooo +.0001 +.oooo +.0001 0.4 +.oooo +.0001
Mx
0.6
+.oooo +.0001 O.SlI.0 +.oooo +.oooo +.OOOI +.0001 + 0000 0 o o 0 0 0 0 +.oooo +.oooe + 0006 lo2looln~lnnlln -.0 +.oooo +.0002 +.0004 -. -. 0 +.oooo +.0001 ..+.OOOi .
-.v 0 +.0001 +.0001 +.0001 .-
.,.0 +.0001 +.0001 boo0
.. 0 +.0001 +.0001 -.OOOI -
+ 0144
+.os& +.0843
+.OOi I +.0007
+.0030 +.0044 +.0019 +.0026
t.0004
;.&so COO13
+.OOOZ
+.0004 COO04
+ ones
-7Mms
0.6
I+ 00311+.00171+.00141+
00111+.0007(+.0003)
1+.ooo3~+.ooo3~+.ooo4~+.ooo57+.ooo6~
I
I+.1661 I.0 -.0169 +.0147 . +.0565 +.1351 r.1353 +.Ol25 WY I?. I.0 0.8 0. 0.4 0.2 0 6 -.0220 +.0298 +.0753 +.I506 +.1313 t.0050 WY R. +.0022 +.0027 t.0040 + 0059 +.0069 t.0040 +.oooe +.0460 +.0053 + 0065 +.00!6 +.0068 +.0030 +.0013 +.0755 +.0092 +.0090 + 0079 t.0048 +.0023 +.0027 +.0029 +.0020 +.0003 +.0019 +.I236 t.0039 +.0036 t.0030 +.OOlO -.0005 +.060 +.I616 +.0045 +.0036 +.0016 -.OOll -.OOlZ +.0649 +.2163 +.0027 +0017 1:0004 -.0024 -.OOlZ +.0066 r.2512 -.0003 +.ooee +.2879 +.0016 t.0015 t 0010
I
1+.2646/+.35441 +.0006 +.0006 -.OOOO 0011 0 0 0 0 0 0
+.0022
+ 0061
t.0103
t.0146
t.0181
0 +.ooll -t.0020 +.0030 +.0023 0
0 +.0009 -~-.__-..+.0012 +.0008 +.OOOO +.0038
0 +.0009 +.0005 -.OOlZ -.0019 +.0097
0 +.oooe -.OOOl -.0029 -.0033 t.0156 _.-..
0 +.0009 -.0006 -.0042 -.0042 +.0213
0 +.0010 -.0009 -iOil -.0049 + 0257
s II s
0.0 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
l .0053 l .0099
t.0148 T.0117 0 +.0125 +.0052 +.0095 +.0143 +.0176 +.0119 0 +.0050 +.0130 +.0163 t.0191 CO193 r~.ollo 0 -.OOOO
-.0004 -.OOll +.0031 +.I740 +.0023 +.0016 t.0004 -.0015 -.0014 +.0046 +.2132 +.OOlZ +.0005 -.OOlZ -.0027 -.OOlb +.0070 +.2612 ~~-
-.OOll +.0043 +.25381+.3159 t.0010 t.0005 ~~~~~~__ -.0005 -.0017 -.OOlO +.0060 +.2673 -.0003 -.0006 -.0016 -.0022 -.oooz +:OOEB t.3210 -.
0 0 0 0 0 0 +.3382 0 0 0 0 b 0 r.3569
0 +.OOlO -.OOOl -.0026 -.0025 +.0146
0 +.0006 -.0014 -.0052 -.0036 t.0226
0 +.0004 -.0025 -.0070 -.0041 +.0301
0 +.0003 -.0031 -.0062 -.0044 +.0358
COO19 t.0014 ~~~ -~ -.~ +.0029 +.OOl4 +.0036 +.0024 0 +.0002 -.0005 +.0063
I.0
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
-.0036 +.0540 +.093 +.I561 +.I218 -.oooo
0 +.0033 +.0036 +.0039 t.0022 0
0 +.0016 +.0009 -.0014 -.0013 +.01&i
0 -.0007 -.0043 -.OOSl -.OO:; +.0348
0 -.0016 -.0060 -.0097 -.0006 +.0438
0 -.0023 --.0072 -.01oa +.0002 +.0507
+.oobs
-.0020 -.0055 -.G23 +.0246
l .ooll
+.0024 +.I274 +.OlO3 +.0069 +.0064 +:0026 +.OOOO +.0035 t.1676
1.0
+.0261 +.0667 +.0943 +.15;2 +.I166 t.0016 VY
+.Ol96 t.0207 +.0209 +.OI88 +.0096 0 +.OOlS
II \ 0
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
+.0008 +.0107 +.3346
0 0 +.3567
+.ool9 0
-.0016 +.o174
-.0008 To329
+.0016 +.0440
l .004l
+.0534
+.0059
l .0603
Y b .__._ 0 _____ y
Moment Reaction
= (Goefficient)(pb*) = (Coefficient) (pb)
W.
POSITIVE S ION
I CONVENTION
FIQ URE 31.-Plate
edges, moment and reaction coefkients,
Load V, S/S unijormly
varying
load.
38
0.6
0.6
l .oolo
+.0039
+.0007 +.0015
*.0006 +.OOll
+.0005 +.0006
+.0003 t.0003
+.0001 t.0001
0 0 0
+.0001
l ,000
+.00011+.00021+.00021+.0002lt,0003
,,
0.4 0.2
~+.0207(+.0032~+.0016~+.0006~-.00001-.0002[ +.0756 +.0221 +.0051 0 +.0013 -.0004 -.0006 -.0007
ia
+.OOlO
-.0002
-.0013
-.0021
-.0026
-.0030
0.6 0.4 0.2 0 +.0244 +.0747 I+.0201 +.0036 +.0049 1 0 +.0016 +.0006 t.0003 -.0006 -.0003 -.OOlO -.0004 -.0007 0 0 0 I 0 ~+.0037~+.0074~+.01021*.
~+.0007~+.0015)*.0020~+.0025~
0.6
~+.0066~+.0024~+.0014(+.0006~+.0001
l-.0001
~+.0005~*.0003~+.00021+:00001-.00011-
0.4
.~+.0256~+.0041~*.0010(-.0003~.0006/-.0005[
l+.OOOfi
1t.02151
)+.0012(+.0021~+.0027~*.0030~
fl
l+.O(
0.6
I+.0091 +.0111 +.0246
I+.0031
~+.0014~+.0003~-.00021-.00031
d 0
~+.0006~+.0003~+.0001
1
0013 -.0025
I-.( I -.0017 -.0023
I
-.0019 -.oOl9
I
-.002l -.0017
1
I J
+.0034~+.0011~-.00001-.0004)-.00031 +.0039 +.0034 +.0004 -.0006 -.0006 -.OOlO -.0007 -.0006 -.0004 -.0003
1+.00071+.00031-.00031-.00071-.OOlOi-.OOl2 *.0006 +.0007 -.0004 -.0019
0 0
0.2
1 + 0723
Y A
M.
Moment Reaction : (Coefficient) (pd) (pb)
-+- IA R, 5
0
-3-X
= (Coefficient)
@ W.
POSITIVE SIGN
MY
CONVENTION
ho ,URE 32.-Pkztejixed
along
edges, moment and
reaction
coeficients,
Load VI, i/3 uniformly
varying
locr rd.
I
9
1 y/b
h%I
IO.2
IO.4
IO.6
IO.8
1 1.0
IO.2
IO.4
0.6
IO.8
1 I.0
1.0 0. 8
0. 6
-.oooo -.oooo
-.OOOl
+.oooo +.oooo t.oooo + 0000 t.oooo +.oooo t.OOOO +.oooo +.oooo t.oooo
+.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo
0 0
0
0. 4 0. 2 0
-.OOOI +.oooi +.OOOI +.oooo +.oooo +.oooa t.0137 l .0006 +.0004 +.oooz +.0001 t.oooo t.0050 0 +.0001 +.oooz +.0003 t.0004
~Y~+,0050~t.0I69~+.0463~t.0669~+.09611(c.11651
0 0
0
0 +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.ooot

0
0 +..oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.0001

t.0004
0 +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.0001

t.0010
0 +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo

+.0016
0 +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo +.oooo

+.ooee
0 +.oooo t.0000 +,oooo +.oooo

+.0027
I. 0
-.0007
+.0001
+.oooo +.ooot
+.0001 +.0001
+.ooot
+.0001 +.0001
+.0001 +.oooo
+.0001 +.0001 +.oooo t.oooo
0
0 0
0
+.oooo +.0001
0
+.oooo +.oooi
0
+.oooo t.0001
0
+,oooo +.a001
0
+.oooo +.OOOI
0
+.0001 t.0001
0.6 0.6
t.0004
'.0003
+.0002
1+.0212l+.00~i~+.00031-.0001
I- 00021-.00011
1+.0003)+.00001-.OOOZ/-.00041-.00051-.00061
Ill-.00021-.0002l-.000I1
1+.00021-.00011-.00041-.00051-.0006l-.0007l
nl-
0001~-.ooo3~-.0002~-.oaa1
)+.00021-.00031-.00051-,00061-.0006(-.0006l
I I+
nnnsl+
m-ml+
nnnll-
ooool-.ooool
It.ooOl
lt.OOOll+.OO~OOl-.OOOOl-.OOaol-.oooll
017
1+.ooo21-.00041-.00061-.00051-.00051-.0005l
Moment Jeoction
(Goefficlenf)(pb? (pb)
: (Coefftclent)
IA M, -+ R 0 RY I 45JMY SIGN CONVENTION
POSITIVE
FIGURE 33.-Plate
edges, moment
and reaction
coeficients,
Load VII,
l/6
unijownly
varying
load.
Moment Reaction
(Coefficient)(po*)
= (Coefficient)(po)
ieo-rl
FIGURE
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
34.-Plate
$zed along four
edgeqmcnnent
and reaction coeflcients,
Load I, uniform
load.
Moment = (Coefficient)(po*) Reoctmn = (Coefficaent)( po) X
POSITIVE
SISN
CONVENTION
FIG
m 35.-Plate
fixed
along four
edges, moment
and reaction y= b/2.
coeficients,
Load
uniformly
varying
load, p=O
al0 lng
_--_---._-_-
42
Moment Reaction
= =
(Coefflcient)( (Coefficient)(po)
pa*)
POSITIVE
SIGN
CONVENTION
FIGURE
36.-Plate
fixed along four
edges, moment
and reaction x= al.%
coeficients,
Load
XI,
uniformly
varying
load, p=O
alox
Accuracy of Method of Analysis

FINITE difference method is inherently approximate. A factor directly affecting its accuracy is the closeness of spacing, hence the number, of grid points. In obtaining the solutions presented in this monograph, a maximum number of points was used, consistent with the objectives of the study and the capacity of the available electronic calculator. A few instances may be found where there appear to be irregularities in the orderly progression of the coefficients as the ratio a/b changes. Such instances are most likely to occur in the low values of the ratio where, to gain accuracy, the number of points used in the analysis was increased as a/b decreased. Although these inconsistencies are undesirable from an academic standpoint, they are not of sufficient magnitude to affect materially the usefulness of the results. As a general check on the finite difference method, problems for which exact solutions are known have been computed. The results indicate that for spacings comparable to those used in this study, errors in the maximum moments may be of the order of five percent. Such accuracy is THE
considered to be satisfactory for design purposes. Percentage errors for small numerical values of the coefficients may, of course, be somewhat higher. For Case 5 a comparison is given in Table 2
TABLE
2.-Comparison of Coeficients of Maximzcm Bending Moment at the Center of a Uniformly Loaded Rectangular Plate Fixed Along Four Edges
Valuar of M./pa* from b/a Timoshenko 1 Method of this Monograph 2
1. 1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1. 8 1. 9
0.0264 0.0299 0.0327 0.0349 0.0381 0.0392 0.0401 0.0407
- 0.0269 - 0.0301 - 0.0329 - 0.0352 - 0.0384 - 0.0395 - 0.0404 -0.0410
1 These values taken directly from page 223, Reference 1, with due regard for difference in sign conventions. 2 These values interpolated from the column for p=O.3 of the preceding table.
43
44

good agreement. All coefficients have been computed to four decimal places for consistency and to indicate significant figures for many conditions which would have no significance to three decimal places. This should not be taken as an indication that the percentage accuracy is greater than no ted above.
between values found on page 228 of Reference 1 and directly equivalent values obtained by the method of this monograph. In this particular case, the relative differences are, for the most part, less than one percent. Comparisons have also been made with other existing results 2 for full uniformly varying load and certain ratios of a/b. These indicated very
Appendix I
An Application to a Design Problem
librium conditions, have been broken into components similar to certain of the typical Loads I through XI. These are illustrated together with a table of their numerical values in Figure 37. It will be noted that for the wall slab, r=a/b= 0.2. This requires interpolation on r for the various loads and in the case of pB, interpolation both on r and the load. For the heel slab, r=a/b=1/2, and since both component loads act over the full area, no interpolation is required. For illustrative purposes, moments have been computed along the assumed lines of support for both the wall and heel slabs. Where interpolation was required to obtain the moment coefficients, second degree interpolation was used. The moment coe5cients and actual computed moments are given in Tables 3 through 6.
THIS appendix illustrates use of the tabulated coefficients by an application to a typical design problem. Figure 37 shows essential dimensions and typical loads acting on an interior panel of a counterfort retaining wall. Both wall and heel slabs approximate the condition of a plate fixed along three edges and free along the fourth. The variations in thickness of the wall slab and the relatively great thickness of the heel slab compared with its lesser lateral dimension are both, perhaps to some degree, in violation of basic assumptions. Ignoring these, however, is done with the conviction that results obtained in this manner are more nearly correct than what might be determined by other available methods. Center line dimensions have been used for both slabs. The net loads, as determined from equi-
45

DESIGN
DATA
Unit Weights Concrete Moist earth Saturated earth Water Surcharge Pressures Vertical Horizontal Equivalent Fluid Weights Moist earth Saturated earth
150 120 135 62.4
Ib/ft3 Ib/ft3 lb/+ Ib/ft3
360 Ib/fte 120 Ib/ft 40 Ib/ft3 75 Ib/ft Water surface elevatiorvt --- -! -
FRONT
ELEVATION
END
ELEVATION
COUNTERFORT
DIMENSIONS AND
RETAINING
TYPICAL DESIGN
WALL
LOADS
1L
L pw -H
WATER LOAD
pq-A
SURCHARGE
i.6
LOAD EARTH LOAD PORE
i-- ps-4
PRESSURE LOAD
COUNTERFORT
IDEALIZED
WALL
DIMENSIONS
SLAB
AND
INTERIOR
LOADS
PANEL
COMPONENT
Ffq+/iii??j
NET LOAD ON HEEL SLAG
w----pu ----H
COMPONENT
~---p----~ LOADS
COUNTERFORT
IDEALIZE0
HEEL
DIMENSIONS
SLAB
AND
INTERIOR
PANEL
COMPONENT
LOADS
FIGURE
37.-Counterfort
wall, design example.
.- .--- ----
-_-..
APPENDIX I
TABLE
T
47
-
3.-M. -
for Heel Slab at Supports
Values of pb2+
-x a 0 0 0 0 0 0 -Y b
I+ +
Moment coefficients 1118.5 -1032.3
Moments (foot-kips)
-_ M" + 95.30 $90.26 +79.64 + 60.96 $27.96 0 $2.13 +5.59 +8.95 $11.18 $11.97 Supports Moments (foot-kips)
Total moment (foot-kips)
PU
--
PP
--
-+79.7
0. 2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1.0 0. 8 0.6 0.4 0. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 -
0.0852 0.0807 $0.0712 + 0.0545 + 0.0250

0
q-o.0151 $0.0216 + 0.0273 + 0.0277 $0.0160

0
$0.0019 + 0.0050 + 0.0080 +o. 0100 $0.0107 TABLE
+o. 0014 + 0.0033 + 0.0050 $0.0061 + 0.0065
- 15.59 -22.30 -28.18 - 28.59 - 16.52 0 -1.45 -3.41 -5.16 -6.30 -6.71
+68.0 +51.5 $32.4 $11.4 0 $0.7 +2. 2 +3.8 $4.9 f5.3
Velues of pbb
I--
4.-M, -
for
Heel Slab at
Moment coefficients 1118.5 Pu
---
-1032.3 PV M. M,
x -ii 0 0 0 0 0 0
s b
1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
-0
0. 2 0. 4 0, 6 0. 8 1. 0
0.0161 +O. 0142 +o. 0109 +o. 0050 0 + 0.0094 +O. 0252 + 0.0399 $0. 0499 + 0.0534
+
$0. 0043 $0. 0055 + 0.0055 +O. 0032 0 +o. 0068 $0. 0167 + 0.0252 $0. 0307 + 0.0325 -
+ 18. 01 + 15. 88 $12. 19 f5.59 0 + 10. 51 f28. 19 + 44.63 t-55. 81 f59. 73
-4.44 -5.68 -5.68 -3.30 0 -7.02 -17. 24 -26. 01 -31. 69 -33. 55
$13. 6 +10.2 +6. 5 +a. 3 0 $3. 5 +11.0 $18. 6 +24. 1 +26.2
48

TABLE
5.-M.
for Wall Slab at Supports
Moment
we&icients
-7
-i-* s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1. 0
__+ 0.0004 1399.9 P8
T
-_
M
M0ment.Y (foot-kips) Total moment (foot-kips) M.
-985.5 PW
-_-_-
157.7 Pa
-. -- --
1905.4 PO
M.
- -M.
-_ -$0.56 +l. 67 $4.74 f9.47 + 10. 45 0 +O. 42 +O. 84 +1.53 -I- 1. 95 +2.09
--
--
-+o. 0012 +o. 0034 + 0.0068 + 0.0075 0 +o. 0003 +O. 0006 +o. 0011 +o. 0014 +o 0015 +o. 00 -0.00 -0.00 -0. 89 -3. 15 0 -0. 20 -0.49 -0.69 -0. 89 -0.99
_$2. 10 s2.07 f2.11 +2. 10 $1. 62 0 +o. 05 i-0. 14 4-o. 21 -l-O. 25 +O. 28
-+2.29 +5.34 + 10. 29 + 15.05 + 15.05 +o. 57 +1.33 +2. 10 +2. 67 +2. 86
1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 0.0000 +o. 0000 + 0.0000 +o.
+O. 0 +o. +o. +o. +o. +o.
0009 0032 0002 0005 0007 0009 0010
+o. 0133 +o. 0131 $0.0134 +o. 0133 +o. 0103 0 +o. 0003 +o. 0009 +o. 0013 +O. 0016 +o 0018
+0.0012 +o. 0028 + 0.0054 +o. 0079 + 0.0079 0 +o. 0003 + 0.0007 +o. 0011 +o. 0014 +o. 0015
f5. +9. +17.1 +25. +24.0 0 +O. +l. +3. +4. -k4.
0 1 7
8 8 2 0 2
TABLE Moment 157.7 PS
6.-M,
for Wall Slab at Supports
Values of pbz-1
-985.5
coefficients 1905.4 PW
T
--- -0 +o. 0002 +o. 0007 +o. 0014 +o. 0015 0 + 0.0014 +O. 0036 +o. 0055 + 0.0068 +O. 0072
1392.9 PO Moments (foot-kips)
x a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. ?!
---
-M
MQ
M.
M,
_-
PW
_0 8 6 4 2 0
-0.0000 $0.0000
_--0 +O. 0026 +O. 0027 $0.0026 +o. 0020 0 4-O. 0015 +o. 0041 -i-o. 0066 +o. 0082 $0.0088 0 +o. 0005 +o. 0011 +O. 0016 +O. 0016 0 + 0.0014 +O. 0036 +O. 0056 + 0.0069 +o. 0074
-+:. -0.00 00
_0 +o. 41 +o. 43 +o. 41 +O. 32 0 +O. 24 +O. 65 fl. 04 +1.29 +1.39
_0 +o. 95 +2.10 +3.05 +3.05 0 +2.67 +6. 86 + 10. 67 +13.15 + 14. 10
_0 +O. 28 +O. 98 +1.95 +2.09 0 +1.95 +5.01 f7.66 +9.47 + 10.03
-0 +l. +3. +5. +4. 0 +3. +10.1 +15. +19.7 +21.0 6 5 2 9 8 8
2 4 6 8 0
1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0
+o. 0002 +O. 0006 0 +o. 0011 +O. 0025 + 0.0036 + 0.0043 +O. 0046
-0. 20 -0.59 0 -1.08 -2. 46 -3.55 -4.24 -4.53
Appendix II
The Finite Difference
Introduction The bending of thin elastic plates or slabs subjected to loads normal to their surfaces has been studied by many investigators. throughe A large number of specific problems have been solved by exact or approximate means, and these results are available. (See, for instance,3.) Exact and certain approximate methods are frequently difficult to apply except to structures where some symmetry exists and where a simple loading is used. The finite difference method, however, is readily adaptable to rectangular plates having any of the usual edge conditions and subjected to any loading. In Denmark, as early as 1918, N. J. Nielsen applied the finite difference method to the solution of plate problems. In his book 4 he has analyzed t,he problem in considerable detail and has given numerical solutions for a number of cases. H. Marcus published an excellent book 5 in Germany in 1924 on this subject in which he included numerous examples. In the United States, Wise, Holl, and Barton u.7 a have contributed to the literature of finite difference solutions for
Method
rectangular plates, and Jensen e has extended the method to provide a useful tool in the analysis of skew slabs. General Mathematical Relations
The partial differential equation, frequently called Lagranges equation, which relates the rectangular coordinates, the load, the deflections, and the physical and elastic constants of a laterally loaded plate, is well known. Its application to the solution of problems of bending of plates or slabs is justified if the following conditions are met: (a) the plate or slab is composed of material which may be assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic, and elastic; (b) the plate is of /a uniform thickness which is small as compared with its lateral dimensions; (c) the deflections of the loaded plate are The addismall as compared with its thickness. tional differential expressions relating the deflections to the boundary conditions, moments, and (See, for shears are perhaps equally well known. instance,.) They will therefore only be stated here, using the notation and sign convention shown in Figure 38. 49
50
(0)
INTERIOR
POINT GRID POINT DESIGNATION SYSTEM
(bl
SUB-DIVIDED
GRID
0 (C) POSITIVE SIGN CONVENTION
P Q,b
h r Y Z,N,E,...NE:ki n,e,s ,... SW,W 3 t Ml, MY by * Myx VI, VY ?I, Ry P R E I P D v
Intensity of pressure, normal to the plane of the plate. Lateral dimensions of the plate. Loterol dimension in the y direction of the grid elements of the plate. Ratio of lateral dimensions of the grid elements. Deflection of the middle surface of the plate, normal to the XOY plane. Rectangular coordinates in the plone of the plate. Designotion of active grid points. Also used to represent the value of the deflection of the plate ot the point so lettered. Designation of additional points on sub-divided grid. Subscripts used to indicate directions normal ond tangential to on edge. Bending moment per unit length acting on planes perpendicular to the x and y axes respectively. Twisting moment Ser unit length in planes perpendicular to the x ond y axes respectively. Shearing force per unit length acting normal to the plane of the plate, in planes normal to the x and y axes respectively. Shearing reactions per unit length acting normal to the plane of the plate, in planes normal to the x ond y axes respectively. Concentrated load acting at o grid point: positive in the some direction OS D. Concentrated reaction acting at 0 supported grid point; positive direction opposite to thot of p Youngs modulus for the material of the plate. Moment of inertia per unit length of o section of the plate. Poissons ratio for the material of the plate. Flexural rigidity per unit length of the plate; 0 = EI/(I-$1. Difference quotient operator:
Vw = +NOTATION
+ 2&
+ $.
FIGURE 38.-Grid
point designation
system and notation.
APPENDIX II
Partial differential equation:
51
(1)
Fixed edge conditions : w=o,
bW T&=0.
(2.01) (2.02)
with respect to n indicate rates of change in a direction normal to the edge, and those with respect to t indicate rates of change tangential to the edge. A solution to any specific problem consists of determining a deflection surface which satisfies the basic equation (l), and the appropriate sets of boundary conditions (2.01) through (5.03). The moments and shears required for design purposes may then be computed from (6.01) through
(8.02).
Hinged edge conditions : w=o,

(3.01) (3.02)
$+p s?&J
Free edge conditions :
(4.01)
(4.02)
Free corner conditions : g=O (both directions) J =0 (both directions),

d2W --
(5.01)
g+h4
(5.02)
bndt-
(5.03)
Bending moments :
(6.01)
M Y=D Twisting moments :
b2W~~d2~ by2 3x2 *
(6.02)
In general, it is difficult to obtain an analytical expression for a deflection surface which satisfies all of these conditions. If, however, an approximate solution is acceptable, it is always possible in analyzing a rectangular plate to determine a set of deflections for a finite number of discrete points such that approximate relations corresponding to (1) through (5.03) are satisfied. From these deflections it is possible to compute moments, reactions, and shears at the selected points, using relations similar to (6.01) through (8.02). The approximate relations referred to above are obtained by replacing the partial derivatives by corresponding finite difference quotients. Such relations are simplest if the discrete points determined by values of the independent variables are equally spaced with respect to both variables. However, in this application it will be advantageous for the relations to be developed on the more general basis of having the equal spacing in one coordinate direction bear a given ratio to the spacing in the perpendicular direction. Figure 38(a) represents a portion of the interior of a plate subdivided by grid lines into rectangular grid elements. The grid lines are spaced h units apart in the y direction and rh units apart in the x direction. The int,ersections of the grid lines Certain of will be referred to as grid points. these, lettered for identification, will be spoken of as active points, and the central point of the active group will be called the focal point. For simplicity in writing the equations, the identifying letters for each active point %ill also be used to represent the value of the deflection, w, of the middle surface of the plate at that point. The double letters refer in every case to the deflection at the individual point so lettered; they do not indicate products of deflections at points designated by only one letter.
(7)
Shears :
V x = D
(8.01) b3+ b3W bY3 bx2by
V YE-D
1
.
(8.02)
In the above expressions
the partial
derivatives
52

-4(l+r)(E+W)--4r2(1+r2)(N+S) +2(3+4r2+31d)Z]. (10)
Based on the usual methods of finite differences, the difference quotient relations required in this development can be written directly and are given below. All of the difference quotients are given with reference to the focal point, lettered Z. Aw 1 (9.01) bx=2rh (E--W), A2w 1 z=13h2 W--274+W), A3w 1 -s---2?h3 (EE--2E+2W-WW), (9.02) (9.03) (9.04)
A4w -== Ax4
(EE-4E+6Z--4W+WW),
g=$
(N-S),
(9.05)
$=$
(N--2Z+S), (NN-2N+S-SS),
(9.06) (9.07) (9.08) (9.09)
A3w
e=2h3
$=; A%V -=-1
(NN-4N+6Z-4S+SS), (NE-NW+SIW-SE),
This may be considered as an operator, and the portion within the brackets can be conveniently portrayed as an array of coefficients. This expression, multiplied by h4, is shown in array form at (a) of Figure 39. Each element of the array represents the coefficient of the deflection of one of the active grid points in a group similar to that shown at (a) of Figure 38. The location of the coefficients in the array is congruent to the physical locations of the points and the heavily outlined coefficient applies at the focal point-the point for which the relation is to be determined. Since the solution deals with discrete points, the distributed load intensity p in the right-hand member of (1) is replaced by an average intensity P/rh at each of the interior grid points. Here P represents a concentrated load whose magnitude at any grid point is a function of the distribution of p on the four adjoining grid elements. If each of these elements is considered as an infinitely rigid plate supported at its four corners, then the force Pz, at the focal point, is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the sum of the reactions at all corners common to Z. This can be expressed mathematically as : p,=p,,,+p,s,+p,,,+p~~~ (11)
AxAy 4rh2 A3w 1
(NE-2N+NW-&+2S-SW), L\X2ay=2r2h3 (9.10) -=k3 A% 7=&4 Ax Ay
A3w
(NE-2E+SE-NW-b-2W-SW),
(9.11)
(NE-2E+SE-2N
+4Z---2S+NW--2W+SW).
(9.12)
The approximate counterparts of the basic relations (1) through (8.02) may now be written. For instance if V4w is used to represent the difference quotient equivalent to the left-hand member of equation (l), and the partial derivatives are replaced by their corresponding difference quotients, (9.04)) (9.08), and (9.12)) there results:
in which PZNE represents the contribution from the grid element Z-N-NE-E and similarly for the other right-hand members. Thus it is seen that the concentrated loads Pz are the static equivalent of p. It can be shown, if p varies linearly-a usual condition for structures-and if this variation is constant over the four grid elements adjoining any focal point Z, that the magnitude of the statically equivalent average load is: Pz/rh2=(1/6)(p~+pE+Ps+p~S2P~), where pN represents the intensity etc. The approximate counterpart be written:
v4y=m2*
(12)
of p at point N, of (1) may now
vw=&
[EE+WW+r4(NN+SS) +2r2(NE+SE+SW+NW)
PZ
(13)
APPENDIX II
Multiplying both sides of (13) by h4 and replacing V% by the deflections as given by (10) leads to : $ [EE+WW+r4(NN+SS) +2r2(NE+SE+SW+NW) -40 In like manner n, and s: W.,----M,)h+ for elements with
53 centers at w,
Wrxnna-M,.,,)rh+V+rh2=0, (16.02)
+3(E+W)--4r2(1
+2(3+4ra+3r4)Zl=~z
+r%N+S)
g* (14)
Of,, ---M&h+
(MxYne--Mxy,,)h+V,,,rh2=0, (16.03)
(M,,--M,s)rh+(M,,,e-M,,,)h+V,,rh2=0. This is the general load-deflection relation for an interior point. It is written at (a) of Figure 39 in the convenient array form previously described. This general form of the equations has been used for the special cases which include the boundary conditions and, in fact, for all of the relations connecting the deflections with load, moments, reactions, and shears. These load-deflection equations establish a linear relation between the load at the focal point and the unknown deflections of the plate at that and the other active grid points. It is these linear equations which are to be solved simultaneously to determine the approximate deflections of the plate at the grid points. Equation (14) may be derived directly by a second method which considers equilibrium of certain elements of the plate. Referring to the subdivided grid of Figure 38(b), consider the rectangular element ne-se-sw-nw with center at Z. Equilibrium of forces normal to the plate requires that (V.,-V.,)h+(V,,-V,,)rh+Pz=O. (15) (16.04) If equations (15) and (16.01) through (16.04) are combined to eliminate the shears, noting at the same time that MIY=MYX, there results ; CM,, --2M,,+M,,)+2(M,,,e--M,,,,+M,,, --MxYBJ +r(M,,--2M,,+M,,) =Pe. (17)
An approximation to each moment in terms of deflections is obtained if the partial differentials of the definitions (6.01); (6.02), and (7) are replaced by their proper difference quotients corresponding to (9.02), (9.06), and (9.09). For instance, M.,=-& and W-P) M une=--rh2 [NE-N+Z--El. (19) [E-2Z+W+Lcr*(N-2Z+S)] (18)
For the similar element with center at e, equilibrium of moments about the center line ne-se requires that (Mxz -M&+ (M,,B-M,.,Jrh
Substituting these and corresponding relations for the other moments into (l7), and multiplying both sides by h2/rD gives f (WW-4W+GZ--4E+EE)+$ +NE-2W+4Z-2E+SW-2S+SE) (NW-2N
+w.,+vx,> However, if the elements f (v.,+v.,) may be replaced with VXe so that ME---M.&+ OLne -M,.,,)rh+V.~rh2=0. are sufficiently
r;=o. small,
+(NN--4N+6Z--4S+SS)=s which, with some rearrangement, is the same as (14). This second method is easily adapted to deriving expressions involving nonuniform spacings, moment-free boundaries, etc. It was applied to obtain all of the load-deflection arrays shown in Figures 39 through 59, which were required in the solution of the problems covered by this monograph.
(16.01)
54

spacings which correspond to those of the given point. b. Orient the focal point of this array at the given point. c. Multiply the unknown which represents the deflection of each active grid point by the corresponding coe5cient. d. Equate the sum of these products to the load term for the given point. For example, for Point 45 the array at (b) of Figure 65 must be used in order that the free edges correspond properly. Then, following the procedure outlined above, the left-hand member of the equation for Point 45 is +256wpI,+32wg,- 1088wa~+28.&Jw,,+w,, -68~,,+(1669+256)w,h--59.6~~ +32wM- 1088w,+28.8wM. Noting that RZ=O along the free edge it is seen that in this case the general expression for the right-hand terms is always (P&h*) (h/D). Since these load terms are to be expressed as coefficients of ph/D, it remains to evaluate the Pz/rhg in terms of p for each point and each loading. At Point 45 the right-hand members for Loads I and IV may be obtained by direct application of (12). However, a discontinuity occurs in the magnitude of Load II within the grid elements adjoining Point 45. For this reason, the more general method expressed by (11) must be employed. In particular for Load II, the elements 45-3536-46 and 4546-56-55 carry no load, and accordingly they make no contribution to P,. The elements 45-44-34-35 and 45-55-5444 each carry an equal portion of the uniform load. Under the assumptions leading to (11) it is found, by statics, that the contribution of each of these elements to P,, is ph*/144. Hence, P,,=ph*/72 and P&h*=p/18. The complete set of 30 equations and the righthand (load) terms are shown as two matrices in Figure 66. Simultaneous solution of the equations establishes a set of deflections for each of the 30 grid points, corresponding to each load. These results are tabulated in the upper portion of Figure 67. The 20 supplementary equations used to determine the deflections of the row of points at y=ih are set up in a similar manner. Equations are
Where boundary conditions involve a reaction, the load P may be replaced by the net load, (P-R), which is the difference between load and reaction. Note that R represents a concentrated force whose positive direction is opposite to that of p, R. and R,, on the other hand, represent intensities of shearing reactions whose positive directions conform to V, and V,. Relations connecting the deflections with moments and with shears are given in Figures 60 through 64. It should be noted that shears computed by finite difference methods are inherently less accurate than moments. This is because the shears are functions of odd numbered difference quotients which are determined by a grid spacing double the value found in the even numbered quotients which define the moments. ApplicaEion to Plate Fixed Along Three &?ges and Free Along llie Fourth As an example of the use of this general method, its application to the problem of a plate fixed along three edgesand free along the fourth is given below. The a/b ratio of l/4 has been used to illustrate use of the 20 supplementary equations. Loads I, II, and IV only are included. The plate is divided into grid elements and the grid points numbered systematically for identification. Layout of Plate, Figure 66, shows the method used in this case. Because of symmetry of the plate and loading about the line x=a, points which are symmetrical about this line will have equal deflections and are, therefore, numbered alike. This reduces considerably the number of unknown deflections to be determined. With r=l/4 and p=O.2, the left-hand side of each of the loaddeflection relations yields an array of numerical coefficients corresponding to the type of point it represents. These values have been computed for typical points and they are shown in Figure 65. They are used in writing the lefthand members of the simultaneous equations. Solution of these equations determines the deflections. One equation must be written for each grid point having an unknown deflection. The equation corresponding to any point is formed as follows : a. Select the array of load-deflection coefficients having edge conditions and
APPENDIX II
written for each point of the 3-, 2-, l-, and 7-rows (see Figure 68). However, in writing equations for the 3- and 2-rows use is made of the previously computed deflections for the 4- and 5-rows. In addition, the solution of the 20 equations gives new and improved values of deflections for the 3-, 2-, and l-rows. For Point 42, for example, the array (f) of Figure 65 is used to conform with the The equation spacing of the grid points involved. for Load I is -28w21+21Owzz+ -SW,,+? low,,+ 176~31-936~~~ 5057
w42
55 PsO and the
Substituting numerical values for various deflections, this becomes R3,,=0.03125ph2+ e (h2) (g)
[--(32)(0.004944)-(16)(0.021325) +(128)(0.007860)-(32)(0.009833)] =(0.03125+0.192016)ph2=0.223266ph2. This represents a concentrated force acting at Point 30. Assuming that it is uniformly distributed over a distance rh, it can be expressed as an average shearing reaction per unit length R,,,=R3&h=0.893064ph, or in terms of b R,,,=O.l78613pb, which is in the units used in Figures 1 through 33. Similarly, for example, the bending moment M, at Point 23 is computed using array (g) of Figure 69. Thus
~~,-364w~~+~
+ 176w51- 936w&w~=4
3 ph4 D-~44.
Substituting for Point 44, its deflection as determined from the 30 equations gives, for the right-hand member (0.75-0.100572) ;=0.649428 ;.
The complete set of 20 equations for Loads I, II, and IV is given in Figure 68. Solution of these gives the deflections shown on the lower portion of Figure 67. Where improved values of the deflection were obtained, the former ones have been discarded as indicated in the figure. Comparison of old and new values shows that they approach closely for the points where y/b=O.4. Having determined the deflections, reactions and moments may be computed by operating upon the deflections with the appropriate relations, typical samples of which are given in Figure 69. These numerical arrays were obtained similarly to those for the load-deflection relations, by inserting numerical values for r and p in the proper general expressions of the referenced figures. To illustrate the method of computation of reactions and moments, an example of each (Load I, a/b=l/4) is given below. At Point 30, for instance, using array (f) of Figure 69, the reaction is :
Again inserting Mx23=(;) @)
numerical
values
[(16)(0.015283)
t-(0.2)(0.029914)-(32.4)(0.043935) +(0.2)(0.046526)+(16)(0.073156)] =0.006818ph2=0.000273pb2. Upon completion of computation of the reactions, a partial check of the solution may be For obtained from equilibrium considerations. Load I, a/b=1/4, the total load on one-half of the plate is p(5h)(5h/4)=6.25 ph2. The summation of the R/ph2 column of Figure 70 should agree with this, and it is seen to be in error by something less than 0.015 percent.
56

+ r4 + 2r* +I -4-4r* + 2r* -4r*+6+8r*+ - 4r*+ r4 (0) INTERIOR POINT 4r4 6r 4r4 -4 + 2r* - 4re + 2r* +I = p rh2O h .
+ r4
P rhe
h4 T
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A FIXED
X-EDGE
/ / /
/
+ r4 +
-4rt4r4 + 2 r* =
/ / / /
- 4+ + r4 (C)
4r4
+2rg
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
A FIXED
Y-EDGE
+ r4
(d)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A FIXED
CORNER
NOTES Except where otherwise indicated horizontol spacing of grid points is rh units ond vertical spacing h units. An osterisk (*I indicates thot no coefficient is required because the fixed-edge deflection ot thot point is zero. An edge porollel to the X-Axis is designoted OS on X-Edge. An edge porollel to the Y-Axis is designated OS o Y-Edge. A fixed edge is indicated thus: T7T/777TTTT A moment-free edge is indicated thus: Any factor preceding on array of coefficients is o multiplier of each element of the orroy.
FIGURE
39.-Load-dejlection
relations,
Sheet I.
APPENDIX II
57
(0)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
CORNER
-- P rh2
h D
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A MOMENT-FREE
X-EDGE
P rhe
h -6
(c)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
++
P -z-b
(cl)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
A MOMENT-FREE
X-EDGE
AND
FIXED
Y-EDGE
+r4
+ 20
-40
- 4r4
+(2-p)r* -2-212-p) 0 = P rkQ -. h
////////////////////////////////////////////////~ (a) POINT ADJACENT TO A MOMENT-FREE Y-EDQE AN0 A FIXED X-EDQL
NOT&--For
general
notes see Figure relations,
39.
FIGURE 40.-Load-deflection
Sheet ZZ.
58
+ r4
(0)CONANT-FREE
X-EDGE
+ I + 4(1
(P-R) - r h*
h 0
(b)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
(C)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
X-EDGE
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
= t(2 - fi)rp -2(i-u)r~2(1-u~)r4 ++(i-gz)r4
(P-R) rh*
h4 -D--
(d)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
X-EDGE
(13)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
X-EDGE
ADJACENT
TO
FIXED
Y-EDGE
++(I-p*)r4
(f)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
ADJACENT
TO
FIXED
X-EDGE
NOT&-For
general notes see Figure relations,
39.
FIGURE 41.-Load-dejlection
Sheet III.
APPENDIX II
59
(0)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
CORNER
(b)
POINT
ON
FIXED
CORNER
L r4 (0) POINT ADJACENT ON A TO A FIXED FIXED X-EDGE CORNER
* + k
(d) POINT ON A +2r2 * -4-4r* 9 * (t) POINT ON ADJACENT A TO (h) POINT TO ON A POINT ON A FIXED Y-
FIXED
Y-EDGE
+I
FIXED A FIXED
Y-EDGE CORNER
-l.,;,,,fi/,z ~
!!I, D
(0) POINT TO ON A A FIXED MOMENT-FREE X-EDGE ADJACENT Y-EDGE A FIXED MOMENT-FREE
(P-RI r h2
h T-
Y-EDGE
ADJACENT X-EDGE
(i
POINT
ON
FIXED
X-
ht0htE~T-FREE
Y-CORNER
( j)
MOMENT-FREE
X-CORNER
Nom.-For
general notes see Figure 39.

relations, Sheet IV.
FIQURE 42.-Load-deflection
60
+r
4 rz 4 r4
I
+ 2re
i P
h
2 rp
I -P
+2r* 1 -4r*6r4 +2r*
P 37
h T
+--rh-s+<
____ rh--.+
____ rh ____ ++-rh--+l
(0)
INTERIOR
POINT
Th
I 7
r4
P X0
I
,+ r,,
+2
rt
-4P
6r4
(2
-pL)r*
-+,+.-
rh --__
----
rh -----
,j
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
I ++(I -p) r*
+ (2-p)?
-2(1-p)r*-2(1-p*)r
+ (2-P)@
-2(l
-/L)+3(l-Z)r
++(I
-PI
b---rh---+j+
_____
rh----A
(c)
POINT Nom-For
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE

lelations, vertical
spacing: S
FIGURE 43.-Load-de$ection
at h; 1 at h/B, Sheet V.
APPENDIX II
+ r4 I
61
s +128
-&+Zr*
= I-& 1+$+4r
- P rh'
-.h' 0
p--rh---*
_____
rh
----*
----
rh
____
*---rh--q
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
+ r4
I
k-rh--*-rh ---+
+8r4 I __-_rh ---+/
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+t(t-pe)r4
+*
I 7
- & +(2-tc)r*
+*-2(l-p)rc
-3(1-p*)
r*
1 +4(1
km-(c) POINT rh---e ON A
-P)r
____ rh _____ 4 MOMENT-FREE Y-EDGE
NOTE.-FOI
FIGURE 44.-Load-dejlection

relations, vertical spacing: d
at h; d at h/d; Sheet VI.
62
I I
7 -64 ,+t--
+&+4+ I
-&.
t3rt-40r4 I
+&+4rr
I
r++ --__
+ 64 r4 3
r,, ---+ __---
5 +128 +105 IJ
128 7 = -64
L&+.
+-++-~,--~
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
% i
$h f f h k
=
-&
7 +=+4r= -z 35 - are-40r4 +&+2(2-p)r*
PA!.
rh2
+64
r4
/-+- rh--*
____ rh ____ +f+--
____ rh _- ____ 4
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
(I -pe)
r4
= -is+ $ + 2(2-p)r* -&-4(1-p)rL-20(i-p1)P
IP-R) h . rh2 0
(I-pz)r*
____
rh---+-------rh
_______
(c)
POINT
NOTE.--For
ON
A
general
MOMENT-FREE
notes see Figure
Y-EDGE
39.
FIGURE
45.-Load-deflection
relations,
vertical spacing:
2 at h; 1 at h/2; 1 at h/4, Sheet VIZ.
APPENDIX II 7h
63
P h = --. rh* D
+4rP -are32r4 +4re
I
(a)
+6r4 I
INTERIOR
POINT
x
% i,h *
+h + +h P
+4rp
+$
r4
=
-Ore32r
--. I' rh*
h4 D
+2(2
-p)r*
+0r4
+-rh--4---rh
----
*-----rh-----+/
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+ 2(2
-PC)
r*
-4wF12(1-pV
I 7 +t
-I
-4(2-pL)r
+2(2-p)r*
++-+ 0(1 -p)r* + 661,-pcljr4
(P-R) --. rh'
h4 0
-~-p)r*-i6(1-pe)r
I
k--rh ----* _____ rh
+4(1
-p*)r
- ___-
(c)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE 39.
NOTE.-For FIGURE 46.-Load-deflection
general notes see Figure

vertical spacing:
relations,
1 at h; 3 at h/B, Sheet VIII.
64
MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES + f r
-I
r
105 +256
- Lg -,2p
+&+gre
++$+24r+-j-r
496
105 =-,2rg
+105 256
0r r --A
+A!..
rh
-Tk
-g-
16rL - 192r4
+ &-+
b--rh--e
--___
rh
----+
______
rh----++--rh--4
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
I
5 +zz -&+4rg
25
++r .
- 6r4oP
I
I -& +2(2-pL)r
I +i56
I F
105 +isd
=
+&+Br
?. I -35
Lx..
rh 0
-6
G-l6r*-192r4
I
I
+&t4(2-p)r
I
b--rh--e---rh ----_
64t
-_____
rh------d
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
5 +256 I
-6s
I
+2(2
+$(I
-2)
r* II
-$
-p)r*
+A-4(1-p)r*-20(1-p*)+
II
P-R) rh*
h . D
+ & t 4(2-p)+
- &
- 9(1 -p)r~9ql-p*)
r*
+32(1
-/4r
II km-(c) rh ---* ON __---___ A rh------A Y-EDGE 39.
POINT
MOMENT-FREE
NOTE.--For FIGURE 47.-Load-deflection

relations,

vertical spacing:
1 at h; 1 at h/2; 2 at h/4, Sheet IX.
APPENDIX II
+ $ r4
65
=
-7 126 + 51e 3 +&+8r -$+ -16r -320r r4 7 +3-i-++rP 7 -128 A
--.P rh*
h' D
+-rf+-+
_____ rh ____ 4---rh---~--rh--~
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
++
r4
=
- * +& + 69 -$$ -16r*-320r +& +4(2-p)r*
--.P rh*
h' D
+w
r*
be-
rh --+
_____
rh ----+
______
rh ____-
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+ f
(I -p*)
r*
$ * fh x f;, f
5 +e56 I r)
-&
+ 2(2-p)r*
+A
-4(1-p)r*-20(1-p*)r =. P-R) h .
rh' -T&i +*
+4(2-p)r * -&-8(1-p)rc-i60(i-$)r4
+?(I
-p*)r4
II b--fh---e (c) POINT

Nom-For FIQURE 48.-Load-dejlection
relations,
______rh _______4 ON A MOMENT-FREE Y-EDGE
general notes see Figure 39. vertical spacing: 1 each at h, h/d, h/4, and h/8, Sheet X.
66
b---r,,
-+,+-
--__
r,, -----
+-s-v
rh -----
+--
r,,+..,
(0)
INTERIOR
POINT
I
+4rz -8r+4rc
+gr*
I
32r +2(2-p)r* 32r4
- 8rg-
+2(2-p)
r*
b--rh---+/.+
__-_
rh
_____
______
rh
_____
++
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+2(2-p)
rc
I -4(1-p)r1-16(1-p)r411
.f+----rh
____ *-
__---
rh -----
(Cl
POINT
ON
A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
NOTE.-For FIGURE 49.-Load-dejfection
general notes see Figure 39. relations, vertical spacing:
4 at h/8, Sheet XI.
APPENDIX II + 64 r. 3
+ 9r* -l6r*192r4
67
+6rP
- 16r*
256r
+6r2
+64r4 J b-rh--+----rh ____ +----rh ----+--rh--d
(0)
INTERIOR
POINT
I
p
+y
r I
--.P
rh*
h D
I
~-rh-~---
+64r*
rh---++g-----rh
____ 4
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+y
(I-p*)+
96(1-p) r4
II
(I
$h 4
++ I+-c-m
+4(2
-p)
-6(l-p)r-
-+
-8(2-p)P
+4(2-p)r
-e(l-p)re-126(1-pc)r4
+ 32(l
-PL)r4
r,, -+
_______
r,, - _____
+,
II
(c)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
NOTE.-FOT FIGURE 50.-Load-deflection

vertical spacing: 1 at h/B; 3 at h/4, Sheet XII.
relations,
68
I r)
+IoI
&
512
-j+$-24r
+z+46rt+yr4
-j$-24rt
+s
rh
+& + 16r -.&-32~1536r4 +& + 16r - &
b--rh--+-----rh
____ h
_____ rh _____ *---rh--~
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
+ 84 3
r4
-!r4 -& +&+16r* - & -32r1536r4 + & + 6(2-p) r*
p At. -3-D
+512r4
k--rh-e
-____
rh
____
+j+-----
rh
_____
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
I
5 +sle
-&+4(2-p)rE t$
++(I
-p*)r*
II
-6(l-~)+l6OfJ+)+
= -I
+&+6(2-p)r* -& - 16(1-/~)+766(1 +,r
(P-R) h --. rh D
256
+256(1
-PC)+
II b---rh ____ + _______ rh _______ 4
(cl
POINT
ON
A MOMENT-FREE
vertical spacing:
Y-EDGE
39.
NOTE.--For FIQIJRE 51.-Load-deflection

relations,
1 at h/d; 1 at h/4; 8 at h/8, Sheet XIII.
APPENDIX II
69
$ x
f'h x f'h f flh 9 +6r*
- 16r*-
256r4
P -;i;p
h' T-'
-16rz-
266r.
+ 6re
+64r4
bt---rh.--+
_____rh ____e
_____rh ____+-rh--d
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
-I f:h * t: * flh *
+@h k
+64r4
Ic I 7 +T
+Ort
-l6r-
256r
=
--16+ -256r4 +4(2-p) rt
P h' Ti;fO'
+6re
+64r4
f+--rh---*
____ rh _____ *
______ rh _____ -f
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
,+--r,,/+
_____- r,, ----- +,
(c)
POINT
ON
A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE

relations, vertical spacing: ,$ at h/4, Sheet XIV.
70
+16r
-32r
- 1536r
+,6,.F1
b--rh--+
-_____
rh ----
*-----rh
____
4--,-h--d
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
f fh +I++
+ l6r*
- 32r
1536r4
+6(2
-p)rc
-+q++&
+ l6r* -32r* - 2046r +6(2-p)r*
= m$+.
+ 512r4
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
I
+ 6(2 -p)r*
+?(I
-pE)r4 766(1-/L*) r
II
-160 +)r-
k--rh
--+
______
rh _____
-4
(c)
POINT
ON
MOMENT-FREE
notes see Figure
Y-EDGE
39.
general
relations,
vertical spacing:
1 at h/4; S at h/8, Sheet XV.
APPENDIX II
+512r4
71
P rhL
+16r - 32re2046P +l6r*
h 0
+ 512 r
kc--
rh ---*-----rh
_____ *
-____ rh _____ G---rh
--+
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
+512 r4 + 16r
- 32r*2046P
+16r
- 32 r-
2046
r4
+6(2
-pL)r*
+s12r4
k--rh---*
____ rh _____ pj+ ______ rh ------~
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
A MOMENT-FREE
Y-EDGE
+256(1-
PL) r
+6(2
-pLr*
--16(1 -~)r-lO24(1-~~
+6(2-p)+
-16(1-~)+1024(1-cp)
+c---rh--+
____ -rh------4
(c)
POINT
ON
A MOMENT-FREE
vertical
Y-EDGE
39.
NOTE.-For FIGURE 54.-Load-dejlection
spacing:
4 at h/8, Sheet XVI.
b-irh
+--+rh---h--s
rh---h-irh-F(
I
birh+--+rh--+--+rh--+-$rh-4
4r
(P-R) --. rh*
h' D
-16r*-
tzr' +4r4
I
bkrh-*--irh--h--$rh--+-irh-4
+ + +4rz -6rz-
r' 2r4 +4r'
(P-ax,
rh' D
NOTE.-FOT FIGURE 55.-Load-deflection
general notes see Figure horizontal spacing:
39. .$ at rhl%, Sheet XVII.
relations,
APPENDIX II
73
=
+ 6P
(P-R)
rh
.
0
- 16P*+4r4
16f
+er
I 7 + 6r
- 16f+4r
+-+rh -+--$ rh---+--+rh ---+rh -4
P rhTD
2.
16f4
+ 6P
I
b-$rhh--frh--h--irh--*-rh-c(
+ 4 r4
Th f i + 4r $.,, r2
I
-
+$r
P 8r 3r +4r
P 7 rh
h -= D
+ $r*
+ 4r*
1 -
6~
2r4
+4r*
,+,,++$ NOTE.--For FIGURE
rh ---wf+--3rh
--+-
rh -4
39.
50.-Load-dejlection
relations,
horizontal
spacing:
3 at rh/d; 1 at th, Sheet XVIII.
74

+6f'
(P-A) 7 rh
h' -D
+ 8rP
12r*
24r'
+ 4r*
+6r4 1 b-irh-rt<---$rh--+ ____ rh---+--rh-+
+2r'
= + 6fP i2r2+6r' 24r4 + 4rg
P --. rh'
h' 0
b-$rh-+---irh
--+f+----rh---*--rh--,../
Jr 4
L r'
+6 +6rp 12r* +6r' 16r. +4r*
P --. rh'
h4 D
b-$rh
h---+rh---Zt,
____
rh---+--rh--+
+Jr 4
+4rz 6r* 3r' = P 2 rh h4 -0
+2r*
b-irh-+---krh
--+----,-h
---*--rh-+
+ Jr 4
P rh'
h' -. D
+4r*
-6r* +zr*
Jr4
+2r2
Nom.-For
FIGURE
39. 2 at rh, Sheet XIX.
57.-Load-deflection
relations,
2 at rh/d;
APPENDIX II
75
(P-RI --.
rh'
h4
D
+6r'
b-krh*
_-__ ,-h---e---
rh ---e--,-h-+
I3
=r'
P I--. rh
h' 0
k-irh-4
___- rh ---e
---_
,-h ---*-,-h
-4
Th f h
khrh
4--rh
--e---rh---*-rhd
+r'
;f i; $,, r2
I 7
+2
ha D
2-* rh r*
-4r* + 8r' 3 6r' + 2rP
bhrh
b--rh--+=-/+---rh--+-j+-rh
-4
I
+2r* 4r"
+r4
--. P rh*
h' D
4r4
+ 2rp
+r*
birh
+---rh
--e---rh--W/N-
rh
Nom.-For FIGURE 58.-Load-desection
39.
at
relations,
1 at rh/8; 3
rh, Sheet XX.
76

+6r4
+4rt
6r*
32r'
4rt = (P-R) --. rh' h' D
+4r'
- 6P
+
6r'
32r'
4r'
j-e-rh-+--rh--+---rh---+--rh-4
Lr' 3
= +4r' -6r'+ 6r* 32r' +4r'
P --. rh*
h' D
+r4
I 7 +P +4r' er'+6r' 24r4 +4r*
P 77-D'
h4
b-rhh---rh
--+---rh--4--rh-c(
+r4
--.
h* D
rh' +2r1 4r'++rb 6r' +2r'
b-r h-4---
rh --4--+ r*
rh ---h-
rh --f
--.
P rh*
h' D
+2re
-4r' +r*
4r'
+2r*
+-rh-+---
rh
---+---
rh--+-
rh-4
NOTE.-For
FIGURE 59.-Load

horizontal spa&a:
3%
.4 at rh. Sheet XXI.
deJEection relations,
APPENDIX II
77
I
I-c-rh-+k--rh-+I
I+-rh--+a---h-+-j (a)
b)
l+rh+t+rh+ (4
INTERIOR
POINT
Mx = $31 My = 0
t+-rh-+-rh k4
-4
(e)
*
b=?pry!t
+2rx
* 4 My=++ M, (h) = 0
-t
H
Mx = pm,
tJI
+e(l-p)r* *
(i)
EDGE
AND
CORNER
POINTS
I+-rh--+--rh--4 (i) (k)
I+-rh-+I+-rh-+I (ml
INTERIOR
AND
EDGE
POINTS
- NONUNIFORM
SPACING
Mr (4
= 0 1s)
MI
0 (t)
EDGE
AND
CORNER
= M, = 0 0
POINTS
at ot
- FRACTIONAL
NOTES
VERTICAL
corner.
SPACING
M xv =
MYI =
either a fixed or moment-free any point on o fixed edge.
NOTE.--For
general notes see hgure
39.
FIQURE 6O.-Momentdejlection
relations.
78

Mx P
ah*
MyP He
b-+-rh
+-rh-w,
,--rh-+--rh
-v,
Nom.-For
general notes see Figure relations, various
39. point spacings.
FIGURE 61.-Moment-dejlection
APPENDIX II
INTERIOR
POINT
vy=$& 0 eF
-(l-IL) +I
+2 t
I I -u) r2 t +r2 r2)
-(I-P) 0 +I
-2(l
(4
POINT ADJACENT TO A MOMENT-FREE EOQE
D v, =Tm
(e)
POINT ON A MOMENT-FREE EDGE
(f)
E
-r2(l-fi) +2re(i-Cc) 0 -2+(1-u) +r2( I-u)
(9) POINT ON A MOMENT-FREE EDGE ADJACENT TO A MOMENT-FREE
(h) CORNER
NOTE.-FOT FIGURE
39.
62.-Shear-deflection
Telations, Sheet I.
80
v,=P
h 2
(b) POINT ADJACENT TO A FIXED EWE
(cl
POINT ON A FIXED EDGE
(4
/ / / / ,
VY = -$-&r
* +
-2
(4
POINT ON A FIXED EOQE ADJACENT TO A FIXED CORNER
IfI
(e)
POINT 0N.A MOMENT-FREE EDQE ADJACENT TO A FIXED EDQE
(h)
NOTE.--For
39. Sheet ZZ.
FIGURE 63.~Shear-dejlection
APPENDIX II
81
vx =-
ph
r3
b-rh-+-rhe
b- rh +-rh+
-6(2
+r2)
+4
k-
r h -+-
rh+ I
Note:
These orroys points on magnitude
opply Only where the load at opposite sides of the centerline but opposite in direction. general notes see Figure relations, 39.
corresponding is equol in
Nom.-For
FIGURE
&I.-Shear-de$ection
Sheet ZZZ.
82
+26.6 + 32 +256 - I066 +32 -66 + 1670 -66 +32 i -1086 +32 +256 f f +32 [ + 256 -1066
-59.6
+26.6
+ 1669 -66 +I
I066 +32
+ 256
(a)
INTERIOR
POINT
(b)
POINT
ADJACENT
TO
FREE
X-EDGE
+32 + 256 -1066
-66 +50(1 3 -;!;6 +256 ] f[
+122.66
-517.
12
+76X46
-517.12
+122.66
+32
-70
tb-fh--*--fh--*--th--~--~h--~
(C)
VERTICAL
INTERIOR
3 AT
POINT
h; I AT +h
(d)
POINT
ON
FREE
X-EDGE
SPACING:
tl -6 -936 + IO +210 -26
f
+ 64 t I26 - 640 +64 +G -I60 +a 152 + 64 640 +64 +I26 t -26 + IO 210 -6 -936 + 176 +y 336 +64 -10
+ 176
p-v
f ,,++&
+ ,,++--
$ ,,-+--
h-4
(0)
VERTICAL
INTERIOR
SPACING: IATh;
POINT
SAT+h VERTICAL
(f)
SPACING:
INTERIOR
2 AT h;
POINT
I AT fh; I AT fh
FIGURE
65.-Load-deflection
coeficients,
r=M,
p=O.Z.
--x
i...
84
DEFLE(
IO.1 I
1 1.0
+.005659*I
+.ol!
1 +.000426
Deflection
(Coefficient)(ph/D)
Y -+-IJP
l@J beep-t;
LOAO I
cc-p -4 LOAD Iz
k-p LOAD
-ti m
POSITIVE
SIQN
CONVENTION
Deflection
(Coefficient)(ph/D)
Starred when from FIGURE
values computed the corresponding the 20 equations.
NOTE from 30 improved
equations are discorded value is oljtoined
67.-P&e
$xed along three edges, deflection coefiients.
a/b=%.
Various
loadings.
i5 %
, I
.Nxxm31
ayw-*sIY
l o XIYMN
: i
86
(0)
POINT ON A FIXED FREE X-CORNER [FIQURE 39 II,]
Y-
(b) POINT ADJACENT
ON A FIXED TO A MOMENT-FREE [FIGURE 39 (II,]
I-EOQE X-EWE
(C)
POINT ON A FIXED VERTICAL SP.oI*G: h [FIGURE 42 iol]
Y-EDBE ANO + h
tcfh-++hc( (d) POINT ON

[FIGURE
I+ A FIXED + 44 II to)] Y-EWE ANO + h (0) POINT ON A [FIGURE FIXED 49 (Ol] CORNER (f) POINT
h -+-fh+ X-EWE
ERTlCAL
SPACING:
ON A FIXED [FIGURE 49 IO,]
REACTION-DEFLECTION
r = l/4
COEFFICIENTS
p = 0.2
T h
i l+h k+h+++hd (0) INTERIOR

[FIGURE se
-++hd CC+h-Ct(-+h+
POINT
to)]
(h)
POINT
ON
FREE
!N! Ml]
EDQE
(i)
ETIOAL
INTERIOR
scAaIw0: [ .=IGURE
POINT
h A0 se (I,] f h
[FIGURE
BENDING
r
MOMENT-DEFLECTION
= l/4
COEFFICIENTS
jl = 0.2
(M,)
+fh+-+h+i (j) INTERIOR

[FIGURE
l++h POINT se (b)] (k) POINT ON A FIXED

se (PI]
-+fh
tl PQINT
h se AGO + b km)]
EDQE
(m)
ERTlCAL
INTERIOR
SFAOIW: [FIGURE
[FIGURE
BENDING
r
MOMENT-DEFLECTION
= I/4
COEFFICIENTS
p 0.2
(MY)
NOTES
To find the net reaction products of the in orroys or the bendinq moment at ony focal orroy sum from point, by by (O/h). which compute the the deflection Figure these FIGURE numbers numeric01 of the coefficients correspondinq points refer were to qenerol computed. arrays, r=x, of the oppropiote ond multiply their expressions
brackets
W.-Numerical
values
of typical moment and reaction
p=O.B.
APPENDIX II
POINT Yfl
87
w/(ph4/D)
I
1 t. 107935 +.I16792 + .I09650 +.I06761 + .076499 t .077914 +. 101377 +. 100572
DEFLECTIONS
0 I
+.017022 + .016122 + .016030 1 +.015263 + .010730 + .004699 + .001835 0
I
1 t.049660 t .046640 t.046526 1 +.043935 + .029914 t.013261 + .004944 0
6
5 1
0
0
1 + .063466
0 0
0 0 0
1310
2
I 7 0
1 t .073156 + .046903 + .02 1325 + .007660 0 t.010522 I
04 03 02
01 07 00
IO
1
1
t.125 +.I25
+I.131256 +I.131056 t .736474 +.I78392 - .000992 -.056720 I -.001712 +.I10096 +.I92016 + .240512 t .256320 I
+I.256256 + I .256056 + .a32224 + .225267 + .030256 1 - .043095 t.029536 + .I41346 + .223266 + .271762 + .207570 +6.249145 1 + .029514 I + .023630 +. I I3077 +.I78613 t.217410 + .230056 * lncludrs only
I
.-_-.
+. 190464
t.09375
+ SO46675 +.03125
[ t .Ol5625
I
1 t .03125 + .03125 + .03125 + .03125 + .03125
20 30 40 50
I c
POINT NO.
of bo.
BENDING 0
I 7
MOMENT 2
MJpb* 4
1 1 1 -.009592 -.009301 - .009305 -.006766 -.005917 + .0025 I7 1 1
5
1 -.010863 -.010539 - .010531 .009690 1 , I
6 5 4 3 2 0
+ __-_. 020917 + .020636 + .020516 + .019562 + .013734 0
+.009607 + .009346 + .009253 + .006526 t .005335 + .000470
1 1 1
t .000693 + .000622 t -000553 t .000273 - .000330 + .001266
1 1 1 1
-.005724 -.005565 -.005621 - .005438 -.003930 + .002012
I 1
- .006549 t .002694
-T SE?1 UhllJ 6 1
I !I
t
POINT NO.
BENDING
MOMENT 2
0
3
0
My/pbe 4
0 -.001639 - .002076 - .002734 - .003177 I + .012566
0
0
004127 + .004104 + .003912 + .002747
I
I
I
I
0 +.001901 + .OOl625 t .001559 + .000703 + .002349
5
0 - .001666 - .002344 - .003036 - .003449 + .013460
+ .00022 t .00002 - .000364 -.001051 + .006326
I 3
- .000949 -.001264 -.001636 - .002366 t .01006
4 3 2
0
FIGURE
70.-Plate
fixed along three edges, dejlections-reactions-bending
moments,
Load I.
a/b= xi, p=O.6.
List of References
1. Timoshenko, S., l%eory of Plates and SheuS, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1940. 2. Anonymous, Rectangular Concrete Tanks, Concrete lnjormation Bulletin No. ST63, Portland Cement Association, 1947. 3. Westergaard, H. M., and Slater, W. A., Moments and Stresses in Slabs, Proceedings, American Concrete Institute, Vol. XVII, page 415,192l. 4. Nielsen, N. J., Bestemmebe aj Spaendinger i PZuder, JpLrgenson,Copenhagen, 1920. 5. Marcus, H., Die Th-eorie elaatischer Qkwebe, 2nd Edition, Julius Springer, Berlin, 1932. 6. Wise, J. A., The Calculation of Flat Plates by the Elastic Web Method, Proceedings, American Concrete Institute, Vol. XXIV, page 408, 1928. HoII, D. L., Analysis of Plate Examples by Difference Methods and the Superposition Principle, Jvurnd of Applied Me&nice, Vol. 58, page A-81, 1936. Barton, M. V., Finite LX@rence Equutions for the Analysis of Thin Rectangular Plabs, University of Texas, 1948. Jensen, V. P., Analyses of Skew Slabs, Bulletin S&s No. $%?, University of IIhnois, Engineering Experiment Station, 1941. Scarborough, J. B., NumerieaZ Mahmuhal Andy&, John Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1950.
7.
8. 9.
10.
89
*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING 0mcE: 19~5-8341-386
Mission
of the Bureau
of Reclamation of the interior is of the Nations
The Bureau of Reclamation of the U.S. Department rewonsible for the development and conservation water resources in the Western United States.
The Bureaus original purpose to provide for the reclamation of arid and semiarid lands in the West today covers a wide range of interrelated functions. These include providing municipal and industrial water supplies; hydroelectric power generation; irrigation water for agriculture; water quality improvement; flood control; river navigation; river regulation and control; fish and wildlife enhancement; outdoor recreation; and research on water-related design, construction, materiels, atmowheric management, and wind and solar power. Bureau programs most frequendy are the result of close cooperation with the U.S. Congress, other Federal agencies, States, local governments, academic institutions, water-user organizations, and other concerned groups.
A free pamphlet is available from the Bureau entitled Publications for Sale. It describes some of the technical publications currently available, their cost, and how to order them. The pamphlet can be obtained upon request from the Bureau of Reclamation, Attn D-7923A, PO Box 25007, Denver Federal Center, Denver CO 80225-0007.

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Moments and Reactions for Rectangular Plates

Moments and Reactions for Rectangular Plates

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING WASHINGTON : 1978

CASE PLATE FIXED FOVR EOBES

NlFORYLl ARIINO LOAD OVER e/3 TM ns,en* OF THE PLATE

NlFORYL AWlNO LOAD OVER l/6 THE ElBf OF TE PLATE fP 7--

UNIFORM YOYEW ALOW IHE soce y - b FOR OASES I, L. AND 5

UNIFORM LINE LOAD ILOWOWE FREEEOBE FOR OASES I AND 3

WIFORYL mI*e D- o ALOWOy-b/e

P-q k-----a----+ LOAD H

WIFORYLI ARIIYB LOAD p - 0 ALON0 x - a,*

Case 5 All results

Frontispiece Introduction Method

__------________________________________--------________ ________________.______ - _________________ ______________________________ -- ______

Results ________________________________________-------- ______

Accuracy Appendix Appendix

of Method of Analysis--------------------I ______________________________ - _________________ I I ________________________________________________

An Application to a Design Problem-- - - ___________- ___ ________

List of ,Re f erences------------------------------------_____ LIST

1. Effect of Poissons Ratio (p) on Coefficients of Maximum

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

- 0.0423 - 0.0403 -0.0358 -0.0298 -0. 0235 -0.0177

-0.0424 - 0.0407 -0.0367 -0.0311 -0.0251 -0. 0195

-0. 0424 -0.0411 -0.0376 -0. 0324 -0.0267 -0.0213

-0.0425 -0.0415 -0. 0384 -0.0337 -0. 0283 -0. 0230

.tixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

= (Goefficient)(pfl) = (Goefficient)( pb)

$xed along three edges, moment and reaction

Load ZZ, 913 uniform

MI Moment Reaction = (Coefficieni) = (Coefficient) (pb) (pb) Rx

$xed along three edges, moment and reaction

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,

Jixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,

Load V, .9/S uniformly

Moment = (Coefficient)ipb) Reaction = (Goefficient)( pb )

fixed along three edges, moment and reaction coeficients,

*-0 _-_ ---O---~ iGee _, , --t ill.ii -i-,

jixed along three edges, moment and reaction coejkients,

+ 0185 ~,-.012,+~~O036~~1-+.0064 -~~~ 0.2 I-.OiSO I-.0004~*.0004~+.0006~+.0004[+.0001

+.wg, + 0164 t.0024

+:0056/+.007g/ +.001, +.0022

moment and reaction

line load at free edge.

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

.__~-++ F., I ---+I _--T

jixed along three edges-Hinged

along one edge, moment

Moment = (Coefficient)(pb) Reaction = (Coefficient)( pb )

jized along three edges-Hinged

along one edge, moment and reaction coejicients,

Load ZZ, d/S unifol vn load.

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

= (Coefficient)(pb) = (Coefficient)( pb)

FIQURE l2.-Plate fixed

along one edge, moment and reaction coefficients,

l/S unifor .rn load.

Moment = (Coefficirnt)(pb*) Reaction = (Coefficicnt)( pb ) X

fixed along three edges-Hinged

along one edge, moment and reaction coeficients, load.

Load IV, uniformly

MOMENTS AND REACTIONS FOR RECTANGULAR PLATES

------____________________-------- . - _ ________________ --

Results __________________________________--------

of Method of Analysis--------------------I ______________________ - _ I I ________________________________________

An Application to a Design Problem-- - - _________- _ ________

+ 0185 ~,-.012,+O0361-+.0064 -~~~ 0.2 I-.OiSO I-.0004~*.0004~+.0006~+.0004[+.0001