2

OFFSHORE
PI PELI NE SYSTEMS PI PELI NE SYSTEMS

By
Raj Kumar
Sr. Manager
Delivering excellence through people
Offshore Pipeline Systems
Slide Number - 1of 70
ENGINEERS ENGINEERS
INDIA LIMITED INDIA LIMITED INDIA LIMITED INDIA LIMITED
EPC and Total Solutions EPC and Total Solutions
Consultancy Organization Consultancy Organization
f Petroleum Refineries
Petrochemicals
Pipelines Pipelines
Offshore Platforms
Gas Processing Gas Processing
Metallurgy
Infrastructure
Engineers India Ltd Delivering excellence through people
Modes of Hydrocarbon Transportation India
OFFSHORE PIPELINE SYSTEMS OFFSHORE PIPELINE SYSTEMS
Modes of Hydrocarbon Transportation - India
35%
Pipelines 32%
R d T k 32%
20%
25%
30%
Pi pel i nes
Road Tankers 32%
Rail Tankers 26%
10%
15%
20%
Road Tankers
Rai l Tankers
Water Carri ers
Water Carriers 10%
0%
5%
% Share
Various Stages
Introduction Introduction
Various Stages
Introduction Introduction
Components Components
Stages of Offshore Stages of Offshore Stages of Offshore Stages of Offshore
Pipeline Project Pipeline Project
Construction Testing Construction Testing && Construction, Testing Construction, Testing & &
Commissioning Commissioning
Video Video deo deo
Introduction
Introduction
Safer Safer
Why pipelines?
Safer Safer
Environment friendly Environment friendly
Least energy requirement Least energy requirement gy q gy q
Lowest maintenance costs Lowest maintenance costs
Minimal impact on land use pattern Minimal impact on land use pattern
Negligible loss of product in transit Negligible loss of product in transit
High reliability High reliability
Introduction
What can be Transported ? What can be Transported ?
Introduction
pp
Liquids Liquids Gases Gases
Crude Crude Oil Oil Natural Gas Natural Gas
Petroleum Petroleum Products Products Any other Gas Any other Gas
Petrochemical Petrochemical Products Products Petrochemical Petrochemical Products Products
Chemicals Chemicals Solids(in slurry form Solids(in slurry form))
Water Water Coal Coal Water Water Coal Coal
LPG LPG Ores Ores
Tailings Tailings
Introduction
Submarine pipelines Submarine pipelines Onshore pipelines Onshore pipelines
Introduction
Submarine pipelines Submarine pipelines
Trunk lines Trunk lines
Onshore pipelines Onshore pipelines
Cross Country Trunk Cross Country Trunk
pipelines pipelines
Infield pipelines Infield pipelines
Intra Intra--field pipelines field pipelines
pipelines pipelines
Spur Lines Spur Lines
Intra Intra--field pipelines field pipelines
Offshore terminals (SPM and Offshore terminals (SPM and
jetties) jetties)
Gathering & Distribution Gathering & Distribution
lines lines
jetties) jetties)
Effluent outfalls Effluent outfalls
Introduction
Major Offshore Fields of India
Introduction
Bombay High North & South Bombay High North & South
Major Offshore Fields of India
Bombay High North & South Bombay High North & South
South South Bassien Bassien, Tapti , Tapti
Neelam Neelam,, Heera Heera,, Panna Panna,, Mukta Mukta Neelam Neelam, , Heera Heera, , Panna Panna, , Mukta Mukta
Ravva Ravva
Cauvery Basin Cauvery Basin
KG Basin KG Basin
Dhirubhai Dhirubhai Ambani Ambani Field Field
OFFSHORE FIELDS OF INDIA (West Coast)
HAZIRA
BOMBAY HIGH FIELD
PANNA FIELD
BASSEIN FIELD BASSEIN FIELD
URAN
NEELAM FIELD
HEERA FIELD
OFFSHORE FIELDS OF INDIA (East Coast)
DA FIELD DA FIELD
KG BASIN
DA FIELD DA FIELD
Sequence of Flow
Process cum
Sequence of Flow
T k
Well Head
Platform
Process cum
Living
Quarters
Tanker
Offloading
Sub Sea
Pipeline
Onshore Gas
Terminal Pipeline Terminal
Offshore Pipeline Components Offshore Pipeline Components
Platform
Riser
J acket
Pipeline
Riser
b d
p
bend
Typical Field Layout
NLM11
Typical Field Layout
NLM10
NLM8
NLM6
NLM9
N
NLM6
NLM7
NLM5
NLM4
NLW
SBM
NLF
NLP
NLM3
NLM1
WN1
WN2
NLM2
NLF
W I LINES
W F LINES
GAS /OIL LINES
LEGEND
HUT PIPELINES
HOL
HGL
GAS /OIL LINES
CRUDE OIL LINES
PLATFORM
SBM
EXISTING PIPELINES
Pipelines for Loading/Unloading Systems
Loading/Unloading Loading/Unloading Jetties Jetties
Pipelines for Loading/Unloading Systems
Single Single Point Mooring Systems(SPM Point Mooring Systems(SPM))
Conventional Oil Jetty Conventional Oil Jetty
SPM Crude Offloading
SPM Crude Offloading
Schematic Crude Offloading Schematic Crude Offloading
SPM-Hose Configurations
Hoses
1. 1. First/ Second Off First/ Second Off- -buoy hose buoy hose
2. 2. Mainline hose Mainline hose
1. 1. End connection End connection
22 M i li h M i li h
3. 3. Taper hose Taper hose
4. 4. Tail hose Tail hose
5. 5. Rail hose Rail hose
2. 2. Mainline hose Mainline hose
Process Platform Complex
Process Platform Complex
Crude Oil Crude Oil
Well Fluids Well Fluids
N t l G N t l G Natural Gas Natural Gas
I j ti W t I j ti W t Injection Water Injection Water
Major Components
Platform Structure Platform Structure
Major Components
Platform Structure Platform Structure
Lower Deck Lower Deck
Cellar Deck Cellar Deck
Top Deck Top Deck
Heli Heli Deck Deck
Stages of an Offshore Pipeline Project
Codes &Standards
DnV OS-F101 Det Norske Veritas,
Rules for Submarine Pipeline Systems
Codes &Standards
p y
ASME B 31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping
Systems
ASME B 31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems for
Hydrocarbons, LPG and Anhydrous
Ammonia and Alcohols Ammonia and Alcohols
API 1104 Standard for Welding Pipelines and
Related Facilities
API 1110 Pressure Testing of Liquid Petroleum
Pipelines p
NACE MR 0175 Material Requirements Sulphide Stress
Cracking Resistant Materials for Oil Field
Equipment

IP 6 I tit t f P t l IP 6 Institute of Petroleum
Pipeline Safety Code

Stages of a Project Stages of a Project
Conceptual Study Conceptual Study
Feasibility Study Feasibility Study y y y y
Basic Engineering Basic Engineering
Detailed Engineering Detailed Engineering
Construction Construction
Testing & Commissioning Testing & Commissioning
Conceptual Study Conceptual Study
Establish System Requirement Establish System Requirement
Evaluate Constraints on System Design Evaluate Constraints on System Design
Identify Interface With Other Systems Identify Interface With Other Systems
Develop Design Data Requirements Develop Design Data Requirements
Assess Construction Methodology Assess Construction Methodology
Finalize the Concept Finalize the Concept
Feasibility Study Feasibility Study
Evaluate Technical Options Evaluate Technical Options
Eliminate Unviable Eliminate Unviable Options Options Eliminate Unviable Eliminate Unviable Options Options
Firming up of Process Facilities Firming up of Process Facilities
Develop Broad System Specifications Develop Broad System Specifications Develop Broad System Specifications Develop Broad System Specifications
Establish Project Cost Establish Project Cost
Plan Project Implementation Scheme Plan Project Implementation Scheme j p j p
Basic Engineering
Finalise Finalise Process Scheme & Equipments Process Scheme & Equipments
Basic Engineering
Environmental Environmental & Process Data Review & Process Data Review
Pipeline Pipeline Routing & Size Optimization Routing & Size Optimization
Establish Requirements for Establish Requirements for
Surveys and Investigations Surveys and Investigations
Material of Construction Material of Construction
Preliminary Analysis Preliminary Analysis
Construction Testing and Commissioning Construction Testing and Commissioning Construction, Testing and Commissioning Construction, Testing and Commissioning
Develop Implementation Schedule Develop Implementation Schedule
Safety Aspects
E i t l P t d S il D t E i t l P t d S il D t
Safety Aspects
Environmental Parameter and Soil Data Environmental Parameter and Soil Data
Pipeline Stability Pipeline Stability
Shore Approaches Shore Approaches
Trenching and Burial Trenching and Burial Trenching and Burial Trenching and Burial
Safety of Existing Facilities Safety of Existing Facilities
Detailed Design & Engineering
Engineering Design Basis Engineering Design Basis
Detailed Design & Engineering
Engineering Design Basis Engineering Design Basis
Route Engineering & Surveys Route Engineering & Surveys
Engineering analysis and Calculations Engineering analysis and Calculations
Specification and Job Standards Specification and Job Standards
Engineering for Procurement Engineering for Procurement
Drawings for Construction Drawings for Construction Drawings for Construction Drawings for Construction
Installation analysis and Procedures Installation analysis and Procedures
Design Basis
Basic Data Basic Data
Design Basis
Basic Data Basic Data
Design Codes and Standards Design Codes and Standards
Design Philosophy Design Philosophy Design Philosophy Design Philosophy
Operation and maintenance philosophy Operation and maintenance philosophy
Environmental Criteria Environmental Criteria
Installation Installation
Operation Operation
Criteria Criteria for engineering analysis for engineering analysis
Route Selection
Routing Considerations Routing Considerations
Route Selection
Pipeline length Pipeline length
Sensitive areas Sensitive areas
Ob t ti Ob t ti Obstructions Obstructions
Installation Limitations Installation Limitations
Crossings Crossings Crossings Crossings
Drilling Rig Movement / Access Drilling Rig Movement / Access
Surveys Surveys Surveys Surveys
Geo Geo--physical physical & Geo & Geo- -technical Surveys technical Surveys
Platform Platform Approach / Riser Face Survey Approach / Riser Face Survey
Pipeline Wall Thickness Selection
Analysis / Calculations Analysis / Calculations
Pipeline Wall Thickness Selection
Analysis / Calculations Analysis / Calculations
Hoop Stress Hoop Stress
Buckle Buckle Initialtion Initialtion
B kl P ti B kl P ti Buckle Propagation Buckle Propagation
Collapse Bucking Collapse Bucking
Local Buckling Local Buckling
Pipeline Stress Checks Pipeline Stress Checks
Hoop Stress Hoop Stress
Equivalent Stress Equivalent Stress Equivalent Stress Equivalent Stress
Analysis Tools Analysis Tools
PC Based Software PC Based Software Pipecalc Pipecalc
Wall Thickness Calculation
F r Off h r Pip lin
Wall Thickness Calculation
For Offshore Pipelines
t = PD +corrosionallowance co oso ow ce
2.SMYS.a
where
P istheinternal designpressureinpsig P istheinternal designpressureinpsig.
S isthespecifiedminimumyieldstrength
D isthepipeoutsidediameter ininches.
t isthenominal wall thicknessininches.
a isthedesignfactor (0.72for pipelineand0.5for riser)
Allowable Stress Limits
Design Condition Stress
Classification
Allowable Stress (% SMYS)
Zone 1 (Pipeline) Zone 2 (Riser)
Allowable Stress Limits
( p ) ( )
Installation : 1 year
Environmental
Loading
Equivalent Stress 85 85
Loading
Functional Hoop Stress
Equivalent Stress
72
72
50
50
Functional + 100
year Environmental
Loading
Hoop Stress
Equivalent Stress
72
85
50
67
Hydrotest + 1 year
Environmental
Loading
Hoop Stress
Equivalent Stress
90
90
90
90
Types of Linepipes
Seamless up to 16 Seamless up to 16
Types of Linepipes
LSAW 18 and above LSAW 18 and above
Seamless up to 16 Seamless up to 16
Engineering Analysis
Pipeline Stability (Lateral &Vertical) Pipeline Stability (Lateral &Vertical)
Engineering Analysis
Pipeline Stability (Lateral & Vertical) Pipeline Stability (Lateral & Vertical)
Pipeline Expansion Pipeline Expansion
Pipeline Spans Pipeline Spans Pipeline Spans Pipeline Spans
Riser Riser
Analysis Tools Analysis Tools yy
PC Based Software PC Based Software Pipecalc Pipecalc
Anti Corrosion Coatings
Coating Types Coating Types
Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Coating Types Coating Types
Coal Tar Enamel Coal Tar Enamel
Fusion Bonded Epoxy Fusion Bonded Epoxy Fusion Bonded Epoxy Fusion Bonded Epoxy
Selection Criteria Selection Criteria
Service Conditions Service Conditions
Performance Record Performance Record
Ease of Repair Ease of Repair
Cost Effectiveness Cost Effectiveness
Compatibility with Concrete Coating Compatibility with Concrete Coating
Pipeline Crossing Pipeline Crossing
Type Type
Exposed Pipelines (Single / Multiple) Exposed Pipelines (Single / Multiple) Exposed Pipelines (Single / Multiple) Exposed Pipelines (Single / Multiple)
Buried Pipelines (Single / Multiple) Buried Pipelines (Single / Multiple)
Pipeline Crossing
Analysis Analysis
Permissible Spans (Static &Dynamic) Permissible Spans (Static &Dynamic)
Pipeline Crossing
Permissible Spans (Static & Dynamic) Permissible Spans (Static & Dynamic)
Stress Analysis Stress Analysis
Stability of Supports Stability of Supports
Analysis Tools Analysis Tools Analysis Tools Analysis Tools
PC Based In PC Based In--house Software Pipe Cross house Software Pipe Cross
Pipeline Engineering Design Tools
PIPECALC
Sub sea Pipeline Calculations
Pipeline Engineering Design Tools
J P Kenny
PRISE
Riser Analysis J P Kenny
REGIS
Ali t Sh t G ti &D i
REGIS
Alignment Sheet Generation & Drawing
Management J P Kenny
OFFPIPE
Pipeline/Riser Installation Analysis
b l h Robert J . Malahy J r.
SPAN
Riser Span Evaluation - EIL
PIPECROSS
Pipeline Crossing Analysis EIL
PIPECROSS
Pipeline Crossing Analysis - EIL
CAESER II
Piping Stress Analysis - COADE
Major Deliverables
Design Reports Drawings Procurement/ Tenders
Major Deliverables
Design Basis Field Layout Material
Specifications
Route Selection Alignment Sheets Material Requisitions
Wall Thickness Platform Approaches Technical Evaluation Wall Thickness Platform Approaches Technical Evaluation
Stability Crossing Details Vendor Data Review
Pipeline/Riser Spans Riser Location Survey Tenders
Crossings Riser make-up Installation Bid
Package
Risers/Flexibility Clamp Details Contractors
Installation Procedure
R i Review
In-situ stress analysis PLEM/ Lateral/ Spool
Details

Cathodic Protection

OFFSHORE PIPELINE OFFSHORE PIPELINE OFFSHORE PIPELINE OFFSHORE PIPELINE
SYSTEM SYSTEM
LAYOUT LAYOUT LAYOUT LAYOUT
Components of Offshore Pipeline Components of Offshore Pipeline
Risers Risers
Laterals Laterals Laterals Laterals
Main Pipeline Main Pipeline
Pipeline End Manifolds (PLEMs) Pipeline End Manifolds (PLEMs)
Shore Approaches & Terminal Facilities Shore Approaches & Terminal Facilities Shore Approaches & Terminal Facilities Shore Approaches & Terminal Facilities
Electrical & Instrumentation System Electrical & Instrumentation System
Schematic of Offshore Pipeline System Schematic of Offshore Pipeline System
SBHL-3 BPB
PLATFORM
POINT
42" SBHT PIPELINE
30" 24" 24" 24" 24"
24"
24"
A
SBHL-1 SBHL-2
SBHL-4
SBHL-5
SBHL-6 SBHL-7
BPA
30"
A
BPA
PLATFORM
PLEM
30
A
LEGEND
SV-1 SV-2 SV-3
HAZIRA
RECIEVING
TERMINAL
LANDFALL
POINT
14" 14" 14" 14" 14" 14"
A
LEGEND
HYDRAULIC ACTUATED
BALL VALVE
GAS ACTUATED BALL
VALVE
GAS ACTUATED PLUG
MINDHOLA
RIVER
TAPI
RIVER OFFSHORE
SECTION
ONSHORE
SECTION
CHECK VALVE
INSULATING JOINT
VALVE
Sample Alignment Sheets (Offshore) Sample Alignment Sheets (Offshore)
Alignment Sheet
I
Sample Riser Drawings Sample Riser Drawings
(Riser GAD) (Riser GAD)
Riser Drgs.
Sample Riser Drawings Sample Riser Drawings
(Riser Approach Drawing) (Riser Approach Drawing)
Riser Drgs.
OFFSHORE PIPELINE SYSTEM OFFSHORE PIPELINE SYSTEM
INSTALLATION INSTALLATION INSTALLATION INSTALLATION
Delivering excellence through people
Construction Testing & Commissioning
Pipe Pipe Corrosion & Concrete Corrosion & Concrete
Construction, Testing & Commissioning
Pipe Pipe Corrosion & Concrete Corrosion & Concrete
Coating Coating
Welding and Joint Coating Welding and Joint Coating
Pipeline Laying Pipeline Laying
Specialty Specialty Items Installation Items Installation
Riser Installation Riser Installation
Pipeline Crossing Installation Pipeline Crossing Installation
Testing Dewatering Drying Testing Dewatering Drying Testing, Dewatering, Drying Testing, Dewatering, Drying
and Commissioning and Commissioning
Installation Techniques
Conventional Installation by Conventional Installation by
q
Conventional Installation by Conventional Installation by
Laybarge Laybarge
Installation by J Lay Installation by J Lay
Tow Techniques Tow Techniques
Installation by Installation by Reelship Reelship
Pipelay Barge p y g
Drill Rig
g
Submarine Pipeline Laying
Pipeline laying operation done by Lay Barge by S Pipeline laying operation done by Lay Barge by S--lay lay
method method
Submarine Pipeline Laying
Pipelay PipelayAnalysis done using OFFPIPE software for Pipe Analysis done using OFFPIPE software for Pipe
Stress Control at different depths and environmental Stress Control at different depths and environmental pp
conditions conditions
Lay Vessel Requirements y q
Material Handling Material Handling
Conveyors Conveyors
Field J oint Coating Field J oint Coating
Pipe Davits Pipe Davits
Line Line--up Station up Station
Welding Stations Welding Stations
pp
Pipe Roller Supports Pipe Roller Supports
Stinger System Stinger System
Pipe Pipe Tensioners Tensioners
A/R Winch A/R Winch
g y g y
Mooring System Mooring System
XX--Ray Inspection Ray Inspection
Pipe Tensioner p
Lay Vessel Requirements - Stinger y q g
Installation Pipe Lay Procedures
Pipelay Pipelay Initiation Initiation
p y
Pipelay Pipelay Initiation Initiation
Continuous Continuous Pipelay Pipelay
Pipelay Pipelay Down Down
(Abandonment) (Abandonment)
Riser Installation Riser Installation
Landfall Point (LFP) ( )
Landfall Landfall Shore Shore- -Pulling Pulling
CCWC for Stabilityy
Concrete Coating Concrete Coating Pipe Weighing Pipe Weighing
gg p g g p g g
Riser installation
Pipeline Protection by Trenching p y g
To Enhance/Improve Stability To Enhance/Improve Stability
To Provide Protection Against Offshore To Provide Protection Against Offshore To Provide Protection Against Offshore To Provide Protection Against Offshore
Operations Operations
To Avoid Span Correction To Avoid Span Correction
Lay barge VMGL Regina 250 Lay barge VMGL Regina 250
Stinger Stinger
Pipeline Laying Pipeline Laying
Field Joint Coating Field Joint Coating
Fit Fit up for installation up for installation
Lifting operations in Lay barge Lifting operations in Lay barge
Pipeline Laying Video Pipeline Laying Video
LSAW PIPE MANUFACTURING LSAW PIPE MANUFACTURING
Thank You
www.engineersindia.com

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OFFSHORE

PI PELI NE SYSTEMS PI PELI NE SYSTEMS

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