Matter

Science 9
Ms. White
What is Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

MASS is the amount of matter in a substance or
object.

How is mass measured ? What a the units of
measure for mass?






Matter
The amount a space an object occupies is called
its VOLUME.
There are many ways to measure the volume of
an object. How would you measure the volume
of: a ball, a cube, a rock?
Particle Model of Matter
(model help visualize processes that cannot be
seen)
All Matter is made up of tiny particles.( Which
are much too small to observe with the naked
eye)
There are spaces between particles.
The particles that make up matter are always
moving.
The particles are attracted to one another.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion.
All particles are in constant motion
Therefore scientists used the Particle theory to
develop the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains what
happens to matter when the kinetic energy of
the particles changes.


Kinetic Molecular Theory
1. All matter is made up of small particles
2. There are spaces between the particles.
3. The particles that makes up matter are always
moving
4. Energy makes particles move. The more
energy the particles have the more the move.
(heat= energy Therefore warmer the particles the
more the particles move.)
States of Matter
There are Four States of Matter:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

Solid
Particles are packed
together tightly.
Thus the particles of the
solid do not move
around freely, but are
constantly v ibrating
Solids have a fixed mass,
volume and shape

Liquid
Particles in a solid can
slip by one another.
This means liquids do
not have a fixed shape
(they take the shape of
their container).
Liquids have a fixed
mass and volume


Gas
Gases have very large
spaces between the
particles.
Particles move freely.
Thus gases do not have a
fixed volume or shape
but do have a fixed mass.

Change of State and Kinetic
Molecular Theory
The warmer the object the more kinetic energy
its particles have.
When heat is added to a substance, its particles
gain Kinetic energy and vibrate faster, causing
the them to move farther apart.
If enough heat is added a substance can change
from a solid to a liquid to a gas.