24 2556


(..) 2/2554
4 2554

3/2554 29
2554




AERMOD CALPUFF
2/2556
18 2556
6/2556 29 2556





24 2556 (.)

.
24 2557

24 2556

1.

1.1

1.2

1.3 EIA

6
2.

3. EIA

15
4.
EIA

15

4.1 AERMOD
4.2 CALPUFF

15
16

17

18

1. (Model Selection)

18
18

2. (Emission Rate Determination)

18

3. (Source Information)

20

4. (Meteorological Information)
5. (Receptor) (Receptor and Terrain Elevation Information)

22
24

6. (Background Concentration)

25

7. (Total Impact)

25

8.
9.

26
26

10.

26

27

 (..) 2/2554 4
2554

AERMOD

3/2554 29 2554




1.

1.1
(1)
(Environmental Impact Assessment EIA)
(2)

(3) /

(4)

(5)

1.2
(1) (Model Predicted
Concentration)

(2) (Background Concentration)

(Monitoring)
Background
Concentration
Background Concentration

(3) (Cumulative Concentration)
Model Predicted Concentration
Background Concentration
(4) (Ambient Air Quality Standards)

Cumulative Concentration

1.3
EIA
(1) .. 2539-2540 (NO2)
Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST) EIA
(
(.)

60
6


EIA
.. 2541
NO2

512

/ 60
( NO2 320 /)
(2) .. 2540-2541



()
(.)
ISCST CALPUFF
() . .
3 (NO2) (SO2)
(Total Suspended Particulate TSP)
. (.) (.)

(3) 1/2550 () 11
2550
CALPUFF
(Scatter Plot)

3
NO2 SO2 TSP
(4) .. 2551
( AERMOD)
EIA ( )
7


(EIA)
AERMOD U.S. EPA Preferred Model
50 (Near-field Applications)
9 .. 2549 .
EIA .. 2550

.
(5) 6/2550 9
2550

80/20
.
.
(6) 2/2554 4
2554 .
CALPUFF AERMOD .
CALPUFF 1
(Maximum Ground Level Concentration Max. GLC) NO2 SO2
8 4

AERMOD


EIA


(7) 1/2554
27 2554
8

2.

2.1 (NOx) SO2 ..

2550- 2555
.
80/20
(1) NOx 265 (8,357 ) 11
.. 2550 ( .. 2550 2,480 .. 2555
2,215 )
(2) SO2 262 (8,262 ) 11
.. 2550 ( .. 2550 2,398 .. 2555
2,136 )
2.2 NO2 (NOx as NO2)
.. 2550-2555 1
(1) 1 19 5
0.015-0.0995 ( 0.17 ) 58
2
(2) 1 2 5 0.008-0.0149
( 0.03 ) 50 3
2.3 SO2 ..
2550- 2555 1
(1) 1 9 5
0.009-0.108 ( 0.30 ) 36
4
(2) 24 8 5
0.0040-0.0160 ( 0.12 ) 13
5
(3) 1 2 5 0.002-0.0076
( 0.04 ) 19 6
9

2.4 U.S. EPA NO2 1

SO2 1 12 .. 2553 23 2553

(Overly Conservative)
(1) Applicability of Appendix W Modeling Guidance for the 1-hr NO2 National
Ambient Air Quality Standard (28 2553)
(2) General Guidance for Implementing the 1-hr NO2 National Ambient Air
Quality Standard in Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permits, Including an Interim 1-hr
NO2 Significant Impact Level (28 2553)
(3) General Guidance for Implementing the 1-hr SO2 National Ambient Air
Quality Standard in Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permits, Including an Interim 1-hr
SO2 Significant Impact Level (23 2553)
(4) Additional Clarification Regarding Application of Appendix W Modeling
Guidance for the 1-hr NO2 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (1 2554)
2.5

(1) Colorado Modeling Guideline for Air Quality Permits (2548), Colorado
Department of Public Health and Environment
(2) Air Quality Modeling Procedures (2549), Louisiana Department of Environmental
Quality
(3) Air Dispersion Modeling Guideline for Ontario (2552), Ontario Regulation
419/05: Air Pollution-Local Air Quality (the Regulation)
(4) Air Dispersion Modeling Guidelines for Oklahoma Air Quality Permits (2554),
Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
(5) Modeling Compliance of the 1-hr NO2 NAAQS (2554), California Air Pollution
Control Officers Association
(6) Air Dispersion Modeling Guidelines for Non-PSD, Pre-Construction Permit
Applications (2556), Iowa Department of Natural Resources

10

11

 2 NO2 1

3 NO2 1

12

 4 SO2 1

5 SO2 24

13

 6 SO2 1

2.6 AERMOD


2555 Journal of the
Air and Waste Management Association (JAWMA) 62 8 NO2 and SO2 Dispersion
Modeling and Relative Roles of Emission Sources over Map Ta Phut Industrial Area, Thailand
, , ,

PVMRM
NO2 (Overly Conservative)
2.7 3
( .. 2552-2554) 1,2 1,3
7
Best Available Control Technology

(High-Temperature Combustion)

Recuperative Thermal Oxidizer Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer
95-99 NOx
14

NOx
3.
EIA
(
(Surface Data) (Upper Air Data))



Cumulative Concentration
(Max. GLC)
Background Concentration
NO2/NOx Conversion 0.75 1
(Overly
Conservative)
4.
EIA

4.1 AERMOD
AERMOD steady-state plume dispersion U.S. EPA
Preferred regulatory model
50
(Near-field)
AERMOD

(Point, Area and Volume
Sources)
15


(Rural and Urban Areas)
(Complex Terrain)

Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAPs)

4.2 CALPUFF
CALPUFF Non-steady-state Lagrangian Puff dispersion
U.S. EPA Preferred regulatory model
50-200
(Far-field) CALPUFF
Near-field U.S. EPA
complex wind
CALPUFF
AERMOD Preferred near-field regulatory model
CALPUFF
Alternative model Near-field
(1) Scientific peer
review
(2)

(3)

(4) (Performance Evaluation)

Bias Underestimates
(5) (Protocol)

16

17



EIA
(Standardization of Air
Dispersion Modeling Application)

1. (Model Selection)
1.1 AERMOD U.S. EPA
( 50 )
1.2 CALPUFF U.S. EPA
( 50 )
-
(Complex Wind)
U.S. EPA
(Case-by-Case)
2. (Emission Rate Determination)
2.1
U.S. EPA NOx SO2
/
(Maximum Ground Level Concentration)
(Significant Impact Level SIL)
(1) SIL
80

18

(2) SIL
80
80/20
(Maximum Actual Emission) (Emission Offset)
(Emission Trading)
/
80
2.2
NOx SO2 80
80/20
(Maximum Actual Emission) (Emission Offset) (Emission
Trading) /

80
2.3
80 /

(1)
80/20 (Stack)

20 (Fugitive)

(2)

2.4

2.5
80

19

 Background Concentration
10 20 30 40 50 60
2.6
(Best Available Control Technology,
BACT) / (Best Practices)
U.S. EPA
(Case-by-Case)
3. (Source Information)
3.1
(Downwash)
3.2 (Point Source)
() () ()
() () ()
( 25 1 / 7
) ( /
) ()
3.3 (Area Source) (Volume Source)

3.4

50 75

3.5


3.6
500
(x/8760 )
20

3.7 (Maximum Actual Emission)

CEMs (Stack Tests)
(Mass Balance) (Emission Factor)

3.8 (Modeling Domain)

/ (Total
Impact Analysis) 80/20
3.9 2
(1)
(2) 65 Good
Engineering Practice (GEP) Guideline for Determining of Good Engineering Stack Height
U.S. EPA 1) 65 2)
(HB) 1.5 (HB)
(Projected Width)
3.10

0.001 1
3.11 (Flare)

1,273

20

3.162 10 4 H

De =

()

H e = H s + 1.57 10 3 (H )0.478

() Hs ()
3.12 (Fugitive)
(Area Source) 1 273
0.001
3.13
(Building Downwash) Building Profile
Input Program with Plume Rise Enhancement (BPIP-Prime) U.S. EPA
21

3.14 (Conversion Factor) 1

1
U.S. EPA
(1) 1 Default Conversion 0.8
1 1
PVMRM OLMGROUP NO2/NOx

Default 0.5
(2) 1 Default Conversion 0.75
1 1
PVMRM OLMGROUP NO2/NOx

Default 0.5
4. (Meteorological Information)
4.1 (Station Number) ()
(Latitude/Longitude)
4.2 (Surface Meteorological Data) 1
(Onsite/Online) 3 3


(Wind Rose)
4.3
(1) 4
(Step-wise Linear Interpolation)
4

(2) 3
(Step-wise Linear Interpolation)
22

(2.1) 1 4 90
1 4 0 2 1 3
4
(2.2) 1 4 90
1 4 0 (Step-wise
Linear Interpolation)
4.4 (Upper Air Met. Data) 1
(Onsite/Online) 3
3

4.5 1
(Linear Interpolation)
1
4.6 10
(Meteorological Tower)
10

4.7 Auer

4.8 Surface Roughness

Length Bowen Ratio Albedo

2 - -
AERMET AERSURFACE Air Dispersion
Modeling Guideline for Ontario
(1) Surface Roughness Length
3 8 ()
(2) Bowen Ratio 10 x
10
23

(3) Albedo 10 x 10

5. (Receptor) (Receptor and Terrain Elevation

Information)
5.1 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
WGS84
5.2 25 x 25 (
)
10 x 10 () X-Y
(Cartesian)
(Variable Grid Resolution)
(1) 1.5 (Fence Line)
100

(2) 1.5-3 250

(3) 3 500
5.3 /

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 1-arc second (30
x 30 ) Seamless Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)
3-arc second (90 x 90 )

5.4 (Discrete Receptor)
(Sensitive Receptor)

24

6.

(Background

Concentration)
6.1 (Online Monitoring Station)
3 (Averaging Time)
75

6.2
(Averaging Time) 4

7 2 (Prevailing Winds)
- - 5-7

7. (Total Impact)


7.1
(1 25 )
5.6
7.2 /
(Total Impact) (Exceedance)

7.3
(Total Impact)

25

8.

(Online Monitoring Station)
1

9. (Input)

(AERMOD/AERMET/AERMAP

CALPUFF/CALMET/CALPOST) (Output)

10.

26


(Significant Impact Level (SIL))

(NO2)
(SO2)

(SIL)
:
1
12.8
31.2

24
4.11

1
0.57
1

SIL General Guidance for Implementing the 1-hr NO2 National

Ambient Air Quality Standard in Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permits, Including an
Interim 1-hr NO2 Significant Impact Level (28 2553) General Guidance for
Implementing the 1-hr SO2 National Ambient Air Quality Standard in Prevention of Significant
Deterioration Permits, Including an Interim 1-hr SO2 Significant Impact Level (23 2553)

SIL 1 4
SIL 24 1.37
SIL 1 1

_____________________________

27