Name:___________ Date:____________

3.3 Sex Determination and the occurrence of Twins

Sex Chromosomes:
1. Both the male and female human bodies consist of ___ pairs of chromosomes.
2. The last pair of chromosomes is the _________________.
3. What are sex chromosomes?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. The female body cells have ___ pairs of autosomes and ___ X chromosomes.
It is represented by : __________ chromosomes.
5. The male body cells have ___ pairs of autosomes and ___ X and ___ Y chromosomes.
It is represented by : __________ chromosomes.

Gender Determination Mechanism:


Meiosis :
Gametes :
Fertilisation :
Progeny :
Gender of progeny : _________ _________ _________ _________

Analysis:
Underline the correct answer.

1. Chromosome contained in an ovum (gamete) is (22 + x, 22+ y).
2. Chromosomes contained in a sperm (gamete) are (22 + x, 22 + y, 44 + y).
3. Probability to get a son or a daughter at each birth is (50%, 100%).
4. The (father, mother) determines the gender of the progeny. This is because the progeny
depends on the type of chromosome that exists in the (sperm, ovum).
Formation of Identical Twins:
1. Identical twins formed from ____ ovum and _____ sperm.
2. A zygote or an embryo _____ and develops into _____ foetuses.
3. TWO Foetuses are attached to ____ placenta by _____ umbilical cord.
4. Have ______DNA or genetic contents.
5. Have ______ sex.

Father
44 + XY
Mother
44 + XX
Formation of NON-identical twins:
1. Non-identical twins formed from ____ ova and ____ sperms.
2. _____ zygotes develop into ______ embryos.
3. TWO foetuses attached to _______ placenta.
4. Have ________ DNA or genetic contents.
5. Have ________ or _______ sex.


Compare And Contrast Identical With Non-Identical Twins:







Number of ovum
Number of sperm
Zygote
Placenta
DNA
Physical features
Sex

TWINS
Identical Twins
Non-Identical
Twins
Similarity
______ babies are born.
Differences