Properties of Area Elements

Notation:
C = centroid
r = radius
x = x centroid location
y = y centroid location
x', y' = centroidal axes
A = area
P = perimeter
Ix = area moment of inertia about the x axis
Iy = area moment of inertia about the y axis
Ix' = area moment of inertia about the x' axis
Iy ' = area moment of inertia about the y' axis
Circle

x 0
yr

y, y'
r
x'

Semicircular Area
y, y'
C

x'
x

I x 45 r 4
I x ' I y ' 14 r 4

A r2
P 2 r
x 0
4r
y
3
A 12 r 2

I x I y I y ' 18 r 4
I x'

9 2 64 4
r
72

P r (2 )
Quarter circular Area
4r
3
1
A 4 r2

x'

Circular Sector Area

y y'

x, x'

Circular Segment Area

I x' I y'

P r ( 2 12 )
2r sin
3
y 0

I x I y 161 r 4

xy

y'

A r
P 2r (1 )
2

9 2 64 4
r
144

I x I x ' 14 r 4 ( 12 sin(2 ))
I y 14 r 4 ( 12 sin(2 ))
4 r 4 sin 2 ( )
I y ' r ( sin(2 ))
9
1
4

1
2

x 0

y, y'
C

x'

Ellipse

2 r sin 3
3( sin cos )

A r 2 ( sin cos )
P 2 r ( sin )

y, y'
b
x, x'

I x 14 r 4 ( 2 sin 3 cos
sin cos )
I y I y'

1
12

r 4 (3 2 sin 3 cos
3 sin cos )

x 0
y0
A ab

I x 14 a b3

x 12 b

I x 13 bh 3

I y 14 ba 3

Rectangle
y'

y 12 h
h

A bh
P 2bh

x'

I y 13 h b3
I x ' 121 bh 3
I y ' 121 h b3

Trapezoid
y'

y
a
h

x'

Triangle

x 13 (b c )

y'

I x 121 h 3 (3a b)
I x'

h 3 ( a 2 4ab b 2 )
36(a b)

h 2a b

3 ab
A 12 h ( a b)
y

y 13 h
A 12 bh

x'

I x 121 b h 3
I y 121 bh(b2 bc c 2 )
I x'

1
36

b h3

I y'

1
36

bh (b 2 bc c 2 )

Right Triangle
y

x 13 b

y'

y 13 h
A 12 bh
x'

x
b

P b h b2 h 2

Ix

1
12

b h3

Iy

1
12

b 3h

I x'

1
36

b h3

I y'

1
36

b 3h

Quarter-circle spandrel
y

2r
3(4 )
(10 3 )
y
r
3( 4 )

y'

r
C

x'

A r 2 14 r 2

5 4

Ix 1
r
16

1
Iy r4
3 16

P 2r 12 r
Parabolic semisegment
y'

x
y b 1 2
a

y b
2
5

A 23 ab

x'

Parabolic spandrel
y

y'

x 43 a
y 103 b

b 2
x
a2

A 13 ab

x'

C
a

16 3
ab
105
2
I y ba 3
15
Ix

x 83 a

ab3
21
ba 3
Iy
5
Ix