1)

2/3 of the 35% are loads so

oldcycle * Cpiold * instold / (1.1 oldcycle * cpiold * instold * (1-(2/3
)*.35*x) = 1
x = .3896
therefore at least 38.96% of the loads need to utilize addm for the new
machine to have equivalent performance.
2)
Memory-Memory
add $a, $b, $c
add $b , $a, $c
add $d, $a, -$b
Accumulator
load $b
add $c
store $a
add $c
store $b
neg
add $a
store $d
Stack
push $c
push $b
add
dup
pop $a
push $c
add
dup
pop $b
neg
push $a
add
pop $d
Load-Store
load r1, $b
load r2, $c
add r3, r2, r1
add r4, r3, r2
store $a, r3
store $b, r4
sub r5, r3, r4
store $d, r5

3)
a) 36 / ( 100 + 36) = 26.47%
b) (100 + (2/3) * 36) / (100 + 36) = 91.2%
4)
swap:
lw
lw
sw
sw

$t0, 0($a0)
$t1, 0($a1)
0($a0), $t1
0($a1), $t0