Essential vocabulary for the final test A selection

Business English I

Unit 1 Forms of Business Organisation

Liability = responsibility; the amount of money that a person or a company owes (=
debt).
! to owe vs to own
Sole proprietorship = a type of business entity that is owned and run by one natural
person and in which there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business.
Partnership = a for-profit business association of two or more persons
To
set
forth
especially in writing

to explain or describe something in a clear and detailed way,

To
buy
out
=
to pay money to your business partner so that you can control
all of a business you previously owned together
General partnership vs limited partnership vs joint venture
Corporation
Shareholder = stockholder
LLC limited liability company
To file to send something official
Assets = something such as money or property that a person or company owns
Manufacturer = producer
Overseas = happening or existing in a country across the sea from your country
To turn out = to produce something, especially in large numbers
Branch = subsidiary
Workforce=the total number of people who work in a particular company, industry,or
area
Job vs work vs labour
To decline = to become less or worse

Scarce = rare
Glass ceiling = an unfair system that prevents some people, especially women, from
reaching the most senior positions in a company or organization
to
forge
=
to develop a successful relationship, especially in business
or politics, with another country, organization, or person
turnover= the value of the goods and services that acompany sells in a particular period
of time
Unit 2 Entrepreneurs
To set up = to start something such as a business,organization, or institution
Stake = the part of a business that you own because youhave invested money in it
Start-up = the process of starting a business or other activity
Venture capitalist =someone who invests a lot of money in a business that involves high
risk
IPO = initial public offering
Business angel = an affluent individual who provides capital for a business start-up,
usually in exchange for ownership equity
To float a company = to go public
Spin-off
Upkeep
To wind down
Takeover
Unit 3
Business Trends
1. Upward trends:
To improve, to progress, to accelerate
To increase = to grow = to go up = to amplify = to move upwards = to climb
! To skyrocket, to escalate
2. Downward trends

To deteriorate, to regress, to decelerate

To decrease = to go down = to diminish = to decline = to drop = to fall =
! to plummet, to plunge
3. To fluctuate
4. To stabilise, to stay stable
Forecast
=
a statement about what is likely to happen, based on available
information and usually relating to the weather, business, or the economy
subsidy
=
an amount of money that the government or another organization pays
to help to reduce the cost of a product or service
outsourcing
=
an arrangement in which work is done by people from outside your
company, usually by a company that is expert in that type of work
to phase in, to phase out
to level out = to stop sloping or moving up or down; to make something flat