Laplas Parse

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ir
0 0 < t < 1
y + y =
t >1
1
y ( 0 ) =1
0 < t <1 y + y = 0 y = Ae - t y ( 0 ) =1
A = 1 0 < t <1 y = e - t.
t >1 y + y =1 y = Ae - t + 1 ) y (1) = e -1
y t = 1 ( A = 1 - e t >1
y = (1 - e ) e - t + 1.
e -t
0< t < 1
y=
-t
t>1
(1 - e ) e + 1

.

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) f ( x ) f ( x f ( x ) dx
.
:
k ( x ,s ) f ( x ) dx
b
a
) k ( x ,s .
= ) T (f ( x )) = F (s

:
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.

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:
.
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.
.
) f ( t t > 0 ) ) L ( f ( t ) F ( s :
) ( s > 0
e - st f ( t ) dt
= ) F (s
) F ( s ) f ( t ) f ( t ) F ( s :
) L -1 ( F ( s ) ) f ( t
a b :
) ) L ( af ( t ) + bg ( t ) ) = aL ( f ( t ) ) + bL ( g ( t
) ) L -1 ( aF ( s ) + bG ( s ) ) = aL -1 ( F ( s ) ) + bL -1 ( G ( s
.
) F ( s ) f ( t .
s
.
.
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) F ( s
) f ( t
s>0
a
s
s>a
1
s-a
e at
s>a
s + a2
a
s>a
sin at
s + a2
s
s> a
cosh at
s - a2
a
s> a
sinh at
s - a2
!n
s > 0 n N
n +1
tn
s
)G ( a + 1
s > 0 a > -1
ta
s a +1
1
s>0
) J 0 ( at
s 2 +a 2
n
s>0
cos at
s 2 + a 2 -s
s +a
) J n ( at
s>0
e -a s
s
)u (t - a
s>0
e -as
)d(t -a
: f ] [ a , b f
.
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] [ a , b
] [ a , b .
) c (
f ) [ 0, + f t 0 > 0 0, t 0 .
] f ( t ) = [ t ) [ 0, + t 0 > 0 0, t 0
) ( .
p
f ( t ) = tan t ) [ 0, +
2
= t
)( .
: ) f ( x ) g ( x M x 0 :
) f ( x ) Mg ( x
"x x 0
) g ( x ) = e ax ) f ( x (

)f (x
)g(x
lim )( ) f ( x ) , g ( x .
f ) [ 0, + a > 0 = 0
)f (t
e at
lim
t +
f ( t ) = t 2 + 1 e 3t a > 3:
=0
+ 1 e 3t
at
(t
lim
t +
f ( t ) = e t a :
2
et
e at
lim
t +
: f ] [ 0, b b > 0 ) f ( t ) t [ 0,
) f ( t .
:
F (s ) = 0
lim
s+
: ) f ( t t = 0
N , M , m :
, 0<t<N
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m
tm
< )f (t
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) f ( t ) ( 0 , N
e - s t f ( t ) dt
N
0
lim
) f ( t .
1
t
= ) f ( t t = 0 + .
1 + cos t
1 + cos t
= ) f ( t t = 0

t
t
2
2
dt

t
t
1 + cos t
1 + cos t
dt
t
e -st
e - s t
: )
s( .

)A ( s
()
s 4 ( s + 1) s 2 + a 2 s 2 + b 2
= ) T ( s) .
( :
2
A
B C D E
Fs + G
Hs + I
Js + K
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
s +1 s s 2 s 3 s 4 s 2 + a 2 s 2 + b 2
s2 +b2
= ) T (s
A , B, , J , K ) T ( s
) T ( s .
: :
)
1
1
a sin at - b sin bt
1 1
1
1
1
at
bt
L -1
= L -1
= a - b e - e
) ( s - a )( s - b
a
b
s
a
s
b
1
= 2
b - a 2
1
1
1
= L -1
2
2 2
2
2
s +b2
b -a s +a
1
L -1
2
2
s2 +b2
s +a
()
.
:
) P (s
) (s - a 1 )( s - a 2 ) (s - a n
) P (s
) Q (s
= ) F ( s a 1 , a 2 ,..., a n ) P(s
) P(s n :
eak t
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) (
) Q ( a k
P ak
k =1
= ) L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = f ( t
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: :
F( s) =
A1
A2
(s - a ) (s - a )
A n -1
s a
( ( s - a)
1
lim
( n - 1)! s a
(s - a ) n
A1 =
An
+ +
( (s - a ) F (s ))
1
=
lim ( ( s - a ) F ( s ) )
1!
1
lim
0 ! sa
An =
F (s )
( n -1)
F ( s ) =
e -st f ( t ) dt :
()
:
e -at p ( t ) q ( t ) dt = L {p ( t ) q ( t )}
f ( t ) dt =
-t
ln a - t
f ( t ) dt =
s=a
e - t ln a f ( t ) dt = L ( f ( t ) )
: I ( w) =
((
I ( w) = L cos 2 wt
a + 2w
))
s=a
1 + cos 2wt
= L
=
s=a
s = ln a
1 1
s
+
2 s s 2 + ( 2w ) 2
e -at cos 2 wt dt
)
: I ( t ) =
L ( I ( t )) =
s=a
11
a
+
2 a a 2 + 4w 2
a a 2 + 4w 2
-st
cos wt
2
w +a
dw dt =
1
2
w +a
-st
cos wt
w2 +a 2
cos wt dt dw=
dw
1
2
w +a
s
2
s +w2
dw
L( cos wt )
=
=
1
1
s
w 1
w
1
dw =
tan -1 - tan -1
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2 a
a s
s
s -a w +a
w +s
s -a
s
p 1 1 p
s
s-a
p
1
=
- = 2
2
2
a
s
2
as
2a
s
+
a
s -a
s -a
s
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:
1 p -at
p
I ( t ) = L -1
e
=
2a s + a 2a
: ) N ( t t 0 N ( t ) dt = 0
:
) f1 (t) -f 2 (t)= N(t
t0
0
( )
) : L f 1 ( t ) = L f 2 ( t
) ( .
) F ( s .
.
0t a
t >a
) f ( t
) g ( t
0 t <a
ta
) f ( t
) g ( t

(
:
t <c
t >c
0
u c ( t ) = u ( t - c) =
1
: b > a > 0 :
a< tb , t <a
1
u a (t)- u b (t) =
0
) f ( t ) u a ( t ) - u b ( t t > b t < a a < t b
) p ( t
) q ( t
) r ( t
)p(t) u 0 (t) - u a (t) + q(t) u a (t) - u b (t) + r (t) u b (t
: ) f ( t - c ) u ( t - c ) f ( t c )
t( t < c .
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: ) f ( t ) u ( t - c t > c ) f ( t t < 0
.
:
) f ( t - c ) f ( t c .
) u c ( t ) f ( t - c ) f ( t - c t < c
.
) u c ( t ) f ( t ) f ( t t < c
.
(
:
1
h a (t)= a
0
b <t<b+a
} ) { u b ( t ) - u b + a ( t
1
a
= ) h a ( t . a
) a ( .
) h a ( t :
t = b
d a ( t ) = d ( t - a ) = lim h a ( t ) =
a 0
0 t b
: :
) t = a(.
) f ( t ) d a ( t ) dt = f ( a
f ( t ) d a ( t ) dt = 0
:
) t = a(.
.

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) d ( -t ) = d ( t
) ( a 0
) (
) ( j t 0 0
) ) d ( t - a (
d t-t 0
) (
j t 0
= )) d ( j ( t
) f ( t ) d ( t - a ) = f (a ) d ( t - a
) u ( x ) = d ( x
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1
)d(t
| |a
= ) d ( at
) d ( t ) dt = u ( x
x
-
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: a > 0:
) = e - sa f ( a
t =a
) e - st d a ( t ) f ( t ) dt = e - st f ( t
: :
= )L d a (t)f (t
) u c ( x ) = d c ( x
) (
L ( da ( t ) ) = s 2 e -as
L da ( t ) = s e -as
(
:
e - t t a -1 d t
a 0 :
= ) G (a
) G ( a + 1) = a G ( a
a !G ( a + 1) = a
:
1
G (1) = 1 , G = p
2
G (1) - ln s
s
= ) L ( ln t G(1) = g g 0.577 .
f ( t ) = d ( t - 1) cos t
(
s
+1
( cos1) e -s (
) (
s
+1
1+
( cos1) e s (
: .
) L ( d ( t - c ) f ( t ) ) = e -cs f ( c:
s - 1
+ a
s + 1
1 (
L ( d ( t - 1) cos t ) = e -s cos1
a F ( s ) = s ln
2 (
-2 (
-1 (
: .
s :
s
( s + 1) - 2
lim ln
+a=0
s + 1
s
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s - 1
lim ln
+a=0
s s + 1
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s - 1
lim s ln
+a=0
x
s + 1
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-2
-2
lim ln 1 +
+ a = 0 ln e + a = 0 - 2 + a = 0 a = 2
s + 1
s
e -1
(
3
-3t
f ( t ) = e1 - e ) F ( s ) F ( 3
e -1
(
3
- ( e - 1) (
: .
:
dt
-3t
e - 3t e1 - e
e- 3t = u:
( e - 1) (
= )dt F ( 3
)( s - 2 ) ( s2 + 1
u =1
t=0
-3e- 3t dt = du ,
t
=
+
u=0
=
1
du 1 1 - u
= e
-3 3
e1 - u
0
1
= ) F ( s f f ( t ) .
sin at t n cos at :
)
)
1
)( e - 1
3
1
- 3t
e- st e1 - e
= ) F (s
!n
) (
s
1 t
e + cos t - sin t (
5
(
(
n +1
)
1
( e - cos t - 2sin t ) (
5
1 2t
e - cos t - 2sin t (
5
1 2t
e - 2 cos t - sin t (
5
= )F ( 3
s +a
s
2
s +a
: .
:
)* (
A
Bs + C
+
s - 2 s2 + 1
) ( A + B ) s2 + ( C - 2B ) s + ( A - 2C
1
=
2
)( s - 2 ) ( s + 1
)( s - 2 ) ( s 2 + 1
+1
(s - 2) (s
) A s 2 + 1 + ( Bs + C )( s - 2
)( s - 2 ) ( s2 + 1
= ) F (s
A+B=0
1
1
-2
= C B = - = C - 2B = 0 A
5
5
5
A - 2C = 1
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1 1
s
-2
1 2t
+
f ( t ) = e - cos t - 2sin t
5 s - 2 s2 + 1 s2 + 1
5
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= ) F (s
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1
2
s +1
=A+
(s - 2) (s
( *)
A=
( s - 2 )( Bs + C )
2
s +1
+1
s=0
:
: s - 2 )*(
s=2
A=
: s )*(
2
As Bs + Cs
+
s-2
s2 + 1
1
5
0 = A + B
1
A
= - +C
2
2
1
1
2
B=- C=5
5
5
F ( s ) f ( t ) = t
p
1
1 - (
s 4s
p
1
1 + (
s 4s
p 2
1(
s s
1
2
cos t
p 2
1+
(
s s
. :
( )
1
t2
( )
3
t2
2
4
1
t
t
+
- + = t 2 +
- +
f ( t ) = t 1 2!
4!
2
24
1
3
5

1
3 1
G
G
G
p
p
p
1
1 2
1 2 2
2 1
2
2
F (s ) =
+
- + =
+
- +
1
3
5
1
3
5
2
24
2
24
s2
s2
s2
s2
s2
s2
1 3
p 1 1
=
+
- +
1 2
s 2 2s 24 4s
1
2
e - t f ( t ) F ( s ) =
2 t t2
- + (
9 3 2
s2 +2
( s + 1) ( s - 2 )
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2 t t2
- + (
9 3 2
2 t t2
- - (
9 3 2
s2 +2
( s + 1) 3 ( s - 2 )
-2 t t 2
- + (
9 3 2
. :
=
A
B
C
D
+
+
+
s + 1 ( s + 1) 2 ( s + 1) 3 s - 2
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) ( s + 1 s = -1 :
3
( -1) 2 + 2
= -1
-1 - 2
s - 2 s = 2 :
2
9
=C
( 2) + 2
=
( 2 + 1) 3
2
=D
s s + :
2
9
A=-
2
=D
9
A+D =0
s = 0 :
-2
=A
= , C = -1 , D
D
9
9 B = 1
= -1
2
3
(0) + 2
D
=
) 2 ( 0 + 1) 3 ( 0 - 2
2
A+B+C-
A+ B+C-
:
-2 - t 1 - t t 2 e - t 2 2t
e + te+ e
9
3
2
9
x 2 ( ln x ) dx
3
1
(
27
1
0
=) f (t
2
(
27
2
1
2
1
3 +
F (s ) = 9 +
+ 9
s + 1 ( s + 1) 2 ( s + 1) 3 s - 2
-
1
(
9
1
(
3
: .
- ln x = u:
x = e -u
dx = - e - u du
dx
= du
x
) (
u = - ln 0 + = +
x = 0+
x = 1 u = - ln (1) = 0
-6
2
=81
27
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!3
=
s =3
=-
s =3
}) ( {
u 3e -3u du = - L u 3
+
0
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( -u ) 3 ( -e -u du ) = -
) (e
-u
0
+
=I
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f ( t ) = ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) - ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t )
h ( t ) g ( t ) = f ( t )

h ( t ) = f ( t ) - u ( t ) g ( t - 1)
1
(
. :
f ( t ) = ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) - ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t )
g (t) = f (t)
h ( t ) = f ( t ) - u1 ( t ) g ( t - 1)
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) f ( t t P :
e -s t f ( t ) d t
P
0
1
- Ps
1- e
= ) F (s
: f 0 < t P
0
* f ) (
) F * ( s.
:
) F * (s
: ) H ( s
1
1 - e - Ps
1
1 - e - Ps
= ) F (s
= ) F ( s :
) H ( s ) h ( t .
) f ( t 0 < t p ) h ( t
P.
t 0 < t < 1
) f ( t + 2 ) = f ( t
1 1 < t < 2
( f P = 2 :
f ( t ) = :
e -st dt
t e -st dt +
1
0
1
1 - e - 2s
= e -st f ( t ) dt
2
0
1
2
1 -st
t -st 1 -st
- e - 2 e + - e
1
s
0 s
s
1 -s 1 -s 1 1 - 2s 1 -s
+ e
- s e - s 2 e + s 2 + - s e
s
1
1
1 - e -s - se - 2s
1 -s 1 - 2s
2- 2e - e
=
s
s2
s
s
1 - e - 2s
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1
1 - e - 2s
1
1 - e - 2s
1
1 - e - 2s
1
1 - e - 2s
= ) F (s
=
=
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(
t 0 < t <1
f ( t ) = 1 1 < t < 2
0
t>2
( )
f * (t) = u 0 (t) - u1 (t) t + u1 (t) - u 2 (t) 1

1 1 e -s e - 2s
e - 2s
1
=
- e -s
+ +
s
s
s
s2
s2 s
-1s
F * ( s ) = e -0s L ( t + 0 ) - e -1s L ( t + 1) +
e - 2s 1 - e -s - se - 2s
=
s
s2
e -s
s2
1
s2
:
1 - e -s - se - 2s
s2
1 - e -s - se - 2s
s2
1 - e - 2s
1
1 - e - 2s
= ) F (s
= ) F ( s:
) h ( t ) = t - u 1 ( t )( t - 1) - u 2 ( t
e - 2s
s
e -s
s2
1
s2
1 - e -s - se - 2s
s2
h (t) = t
h ( t ) = t - ( t - 1) = 1
h ( t ) = t - ( t - 1) - 1 = 0
= ) H (s
0 < t <1
1< t < 2
t>2
:
t 0 < t <1
h ( t ) = 1 1 < t < 2
0
t>2
1
1 - e - 2s
) f ( t :
t 0 < t < 1
f (t) =
) , f ( t + 2) = f ( t
1 1 < t < 2
] [ x x
] f ( x ) = x - [ x
(
es + 1 - s
s 2 es + 1
) (
es - 1 - s
s 2 es - 1
es - 1
s 2 1 - e -s
es + 1
s 2 1 - es
: .
] f ( x ) = x - [ x P = 1 :
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) f ( x + 1) = ( x + 1) - [ x + 1] = x + 1 - [ x ] - 1 = f ( x
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e-sx
1
- e -sx
s
e -sx
e-sx ( x - 0 ) dx
s2
1
0
1
-s
1- e
= e-sx x - [ x ] dx
1
0
x -sx 1 -sx 1
1 1 -s 1 -s 1
= - e
- e
- e - 2 e + 2
2
s
s
s
s
0 1 - e -s s
-s - 1 + es
s 2 es - 1
1
-1s
1- e
1
1 - e -s
-se-s - e-s + 1
s 2 1 - e -s
= ) F (s
= ) F (s
=

) L {f ( t )} = F ( s:
( ) lim f ( t ) lim s F (s.

s
t 0
( ) lim f ( t ) lim s F (s.

s0
: ) g ( t ) f ( t t a = 1
) L { f ( t ) } = F ( s ) , L { g ( t )} = G ( s :
)f (t
)g(t
lim .
t a
( ) g ( t ) f ( t t 0 ) G ( s ) F ( s s .
( ) g ( t ) f ( t t ) G ( s ) F ( s s 0 .
: ) lim s F ( s ) f ( t t = 0 ) .
s
t 0 ) f ( t t < 0 (.
) lim s F ( s ) f ( t t = 0 .
s
: ) F ( s lim f ( t )
t +
.

1
(
2
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s2 +s+2
s 3 +1
= ) F ( s ) lim f ( t
t +
1 (
0 (
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( .
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: .
s = -1
: s + 1 = 0 ( s + 1) s - s + 1 = 0 1 1 - 4 1 3
= i
= s
2
2 2
) F ( s ) lim f ( t .
t +
lim f ( t ) = lim sF ( s ) = 0
s 0
) ) lim f ( t (.
t
) L {f ( t )} = F ( s :
1 s
1 t
F L -1 { F ( as )} = f
a a
a a
= }) L {f ( a t

) L { f ( t ) } = F ( s lim f ( t ) e - s t = 0 :
t
) L { f ( t )} = s F ( s ) - f ( 0
) L { f ( t )} = s 2 F ( s ) - s f ( 0 ) - f ( 0
) L { f ( t )} = s 3 F ( s ) - s 2 f ( 0 ) - s f ( 0 ) - f ( 0
n
n -2
n -1
) L f ( ) ( t ) = s n F ( s ) - s n -1 f ( 0 ) - s n - 2 f ( 0 ) - - sf ( ) ( 0 ) - f ( ) ( 0
)(0
)( n -1
}- f
)(t
)n -1
({f
(t) }=s L
)(n
L f
t = 0 :
s :
) f ( 0 ) = lim s F ( s
s
) f ( 0 ) = lim s 2 F ( s ) - s f ( 0
s
) f ( 0 ) = lim s 3 F ( s ) - s 2 f ( 0 ) - s f ( 0
s
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: ) f , f , , f ( n -1 ) ( .
f :
) ) ( f (t ) -f (t
i
-s t i
+
i
L { f ( t )} = s F ( s ) - f ( 0 ) -
i =1
t i ) f ( t.
:
.
) y + ay + by = f ( t

y ( 0 ) = a , y ( 0 ) = b
) Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + a ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + bY ( s ) = F ( s
= ) + as + b Y ( s ) = F ( s ) + sy ( 0 ) + y ( 0 ) + ay ( 0 ) Y ( s
F ( s ) + as + b + aa
s 2 + as + b
2
1 - e -s
s3
(s
(s
= ) F ( s ) f ( t t 0 + t +
2se -s
=1
2s
s0
lim
Hop
0
0
1 - e -s
s2
) f ( t t + y = 1.
1- 0
=0
1 - e -s
2
lim f ( t ) = lim sF ( s ) = lim
s0
s0
t +
t 0
1 - e -s
1- 0
=
=0
s
lim f ( t ) = lim s 2 F ( s ) - sf ( 0 ) = lim

s
t 0 +
lim f ( t ) = lim s 3 F ( s ) - s 2 f ( 0 ) - sf ( 0 ) = lim 1 - e -s = 1 - 0 = 1

s
) f ( t t = 0 .

sF ( s ) = - F ( s + 1) (
sF ( s ) = - F ( s - 1) (
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-t
f ( t ) = e e
sF ( s ) - e = - F ( s + 1) (
sF ( s ) - e = - F ( s - 1) (
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t 0 +
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: .
) f ( t ) F ( s . :
-t
L {f ( t )} = L -e - t e e
-t
f ( t ) = - e - t .e e
) (
-t
) sF ( s ) - e = - F ( s + 1
y - 3y + 2y = 12e - 2t

y ( 0 ) = 2 , y ( 0 ) = 6
-t
f (t) = e e
s s +1
sF ( s ) - f ( 0 ) = - L ee
e - 2t
1 (
2 (
: .
:
12
s+2
-6 (
= ) y ( 0 ) + 2Y ( s
7 (
) - 3(sY (s ) -
) y ( 0
sy ( 0 ) -
12
2s 2 + 4s + 12
= ) + 2s Y ( s
s+2
( s + 2 ) s 2 - 3s + 2
Y (s ) -
(s
= ) s 2 - 3s + 2 Y ( s
:
2s 2 + 4s + 12
A
B
C
=
+
+
s
+
2
s
2
s
1
s
+
2
s
2
s
-1
(
()
) ()
= ) Y (s
A = 1 s + 2 s = - 2
B=7
C = -6
s - 2 s = 2
s - 1 s = 1
t
- 6e
2t
+ 7e
- 2t
y ( t ) = 1e
) ) A ( e - 2t (.

) L {f ( t )} = F ( s s > 0:
1
) f ( t ) d t = F (s
s
) L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t :
1
= f ( t ) dt dt
) F (s
2
s
f ( t ) dt
t
0
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= L -1 F ( s )
s
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L -1
F (s ) =
2
s
f ( t ) dt dt
f ( t ) cos 2t F ( s ) =
1
(
6
1
(
12
1
2
)(
s s + 1 s2 + 4
1
(
3
1
(
4
. :
L-1
2
2
s +1 s + 4
)(
1 1
1
-1
=L 2
=
2
3 s + 1 s + 4
L
=
2
2
s s +1 s + 4
-1 1
)(
t
0
1
1
sin t - sin 2t
3
2
1
1
1
1
sin t - sin 2t dt = - cos t + cos 2t
3
2
3
4
t
0
1
1
1 1
1
1

- cos t + cos 2t - -1 + = cos 2t - cos t +
3
4
4 12
3
4

( s )
: L {f ( t )} = F ( s )
L e at f ( t ) = F ( s )
s ( s -a )
= F (s - a )
: L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t )
L -1 {F ( s - a )} = e at f ( t )
s a s F ( s ) :
.
( s - a ) 2 + ( b + 2a )( s - a ) + c + a 2 + ab
+ sb + c
-1
L
=L
(s - a ) 3
(s - a ) 3
-1 s
1
c + a 2 + ab
( b + 2a ) c + a 2 + ab at
t
=L
+
+
= e + ( b + 2a ) te +
t 2e t
3
s - a (s - a ) 2
2
(s - a )
bs + c
c - ab
-1 b ( s + a ) + ( c - ab )
-1 b ( s + a )
L -1
=
L
=
L
+
(s + a ) 2 + 1 (s + a ) 2 + 1
s 2 + 2as + a 2 + 1
( s + a ) 2 + 1
-1
= be -at cos t + ( c - ab ) e -at sin t
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: :
t n e - at
t p e - at
1
1
=
=
L -1
, L -1
( s + a ) n +1
( s + a ) p + 1 G ( P + 1)
n!
1
= 1 e - at sin bt
L -1
2
2
(s + a ) + b b
1
s
= e -at ( b cos t - a sin b t )
L -1
( s+a) 2 + b 2 b
L -1 ( F ( as + b ) ) =
1 e
a
bt
a
t
f
a
t
e 2 sin
3 (
3
2
t F ( s ) =
3
- 3 (
1
3
s +1
3
3
. :
)
(
A s 2 - s + 1 + ( Bs + C )( s + 1)
A
Bs + C
F (s ) =
=
+
=
( s + 1) s2 - s + 1 s + 1 s2 - s + 1
( s + 1) s 2 - s + 1
A + B = 0
1
1
2
-A + B + C = 0 A = , B = - , C =
3
3
3
A
+
C
=
1
1 3
s - 2 - 2
1 1
s-2
1 1
F (s ) =
=
f (t) =
3 s + 1 s 2 - s + 1 3 s + 1 1 2 3
s - 2 + 4
F ( s ) =
t
e t J 0 (
2
1
s
+ 2s + 5
t
t
3
3
1 -t
e - e 2 cos
t + 3e 2 sin
3
2
2
L J 0 ( t ) =
t
e - t J 0 (
2
e t J 0 ( 2t ) (
1
s
+1
e - t J 0 ( 2t ) (
. :
F (s ) =
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1
s 2 + 2s + 5
( s + 1) 2
+4
f ( t ) = e - t L -1
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-t
1
= e L -1
s2 + 4
s

2 + 1

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l t
f

k k
= ) ) L -1 ( F ( ks :
e -t
) . 2 J 0 ( 2t ) = e - t J 0 ( 2t
2
= )f (t
) ( t
) L { f ( t ) } = F (s :
) F (s
- cs
L u c ( t ) f ( t - c) = e
} ) L u c ( t ) f ( t ) = e-cs F { f ( t + c
) L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t :
)F (s ) = u c ( t ) f ( t - c
-cs
L -1 e
:
:
( t = a k ) k u a ( t .
( t = b m ) m ( t - b ) u b ( t .
:
t = 1 .
t = 1 +2.
t = 2 +1 ) +1 ( .
-1
-3
)
t = 4 -4
2
2
1
t = 6 +2 ) 0 ( .
2
( .
3
1
) ( t - 4) u 4 ( t ) + 2 u 6 ( t ) + ( t - 6) u 6 ( t
2
2
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f ( t ) = 2 u 1 ( t ) + 1( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) - 4 u 4 ( t ) -
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) :
e -st f ( t ) dt =
+
0
+
c
e -st f ( t ) dt :
( t < c u c ( t )
e -st u c ( t ) f ( t ) dt = L u c ( t ) f ( t ) = e -cs L ( f ( t + c ) )
: I =
I=
p
2
te - 2t sin t dt
u p ( t ) t e - 2t sin t dt
2
. s = 2 f ( t ) = u p ( t ) t sin t
2
p
p
- s
- s
p p
p
F ( s ) = L u p ( t ) t sin t = e 2 L t + sin t + = e 2 L t + cos t
2
2
2
p
p
- s d s p
- s s 2 -1
p
s
s
= e 2 -
+
=e 2
+ 2
2
2
2
2 s + 1
s 2 + 1
ds s + 1 2 s + 1
3 + 5p
3 p
I = F ( 2 ) = e -p + = e -p
25
5
25
sin t
sin t + cos t
f . f ( t ) =
( )
s + se - 2ps
s
+1
1 + se - 2ps
+1
s +1
s
+1
, 0 t < 2p

, t 2p
1
e 2 ps (
+1
e 2 ps (
. :
f ( t ) = u 0 ( t ) - u 2p ( t ) sin t + u 2p ( t )( sin t + cos t ) = u 0 ( t ) sin t + u 2p ( t ) cos t

F ( s ) = e -0s L ( sin ( t + 0 ) ) + e - 2ps L ( cos ( t + 2p ) ) = L ( sin t ) + e - 2 ps L ( cos t )
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1
s2 +1
+ e - 2 ps
s
s2 +1
1 + se - 2ps
s2 +1
1
e
2s
-1
s 2 e 2s + 1
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1
e
- 2s
-1
s 2 e -2s + 1
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: .
t = 2 .
t = 2 .
t = 4 .
t = 6 .
f ( t ) = ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) - ( t - 4 ) u 4 ( t ) + ( t - 6 ) u 6 ( t ) - +
- e-4s + e-6s - +
-2s
(e
1
2
= - +
e-6s
2
e -4s
e -2s
2
= ) F (s
e-2s - e-2s
e-2s
1 + e-2s
:
1
+1
( t - n )n -1 (
( t - n )n -1 (
t -n
n
t -n
n
e - ns
u n (t)e
(e
-2s
s 1+ e
= ) F ( s
( ns - 1) n
u n (t)e
2s
e-2s
= ) F (s
( t - n ) n (
!n n
1
( t - n ) (
! )n n ( n - 1
t -n
n
t -n
n
un ( t ) e
u n (t)e
!)( n - 1
1
!n n n
: .
e - ns
n
n n s -
n
= ) F (s
1
t
n -1
n
t
1
e t
-1 1
-1
=
=
L
L
n
!)( n - 1
! ) s n ( n - 1
s - 1
n -1
1
) ( t -n
1
n
( t - n ) n -1
= ( n - 1) ! u n ( t ) e
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e- ns
-1
L
n
s - 1
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t -n
- ns
e
1
n -1
-1
L
=
)u n (t)e n (t - n
n
n
! ) n n s - 1 n ( n - 1
n
) y + 3y + 2y = d ( t - 1 y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0 ] [ 0,1
) (
y = 0 (
y = e t - 1 (
-1 t -1 - 2 t -1
y = e ( ) ( ) (
2 t -1
y = e ( ) + e t - 1 (
: .
:
+ 3s + 2 Y ( s ) = e -s
(s
-1s
(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 3 (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 2Y (s ) = e

2
e -s
) ( s + 1)( s + 2
= ) Y (s
-1 1
1
1 -t
-2t
L-1
=L
=e -e
) ( s + 1)( s + 2
s
+
1
s
+
2
e -s
- t -1
- 2 t -1
y ( t ) = L-1
) ( = u (t) e ( ) - e
( s + 1)( s + 2 ) 1
0 < t < 1 u1 ( t ) = 0 y ( t ) = 0
y + 3y + 2y = 0
: 0 < t < 1 d ( t - 1) = 0

y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
y ( t ) = 0.

s 1 - e -s
2
= ) F ( s t
3, 0 (
3,1 (
1, 0 (
1,1 (
: .
+
e -3s
s2
e -2s
s2
e -s
s2
e -0s
s2
= 1 + e -s + e -2s + e -3s + e -4s +
1
s2
s 2 1 - e -s
= ) F (s
f ( t ) = tu 0 ( t ) + ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) + ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) + ( t - 3 ) u 3 ( t ) +
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) f ( t :
( t = 0 1 .
( t = 1 1 2.
( t = 2 1 3 .
( .
e - 2p

- p - 2
L -1
) (
- e - 2( x - 2 ) + e -( x - 2 ) x > 2
y = f (x) =
(
0x2
0
x> 2
(
0x2
e 2( x - 2 ) + e x - 2
y = f (x) =
0
0 x 2
(
x >2
e - 2( x - 2 ) + e x - 2
y = f (x) =
0
x> 2
(
0 < x 2
) - e - 2( x + 2 ) + e -( x + 2
y = f (x) =
0
: .
1 2x
1 1
1
1
L -1
= e - e -x
2
2
p
2
p
+
1
3
p
2
p
+
1
(
()
)
p -p-2
p - p - 2 3
0 <x < 2
0
e - 2p
) 1 2( x - 2
)- x - 2
L -1
)= u 2 (x
e
( -e
) = 1 2( x - 2
)- x - 2
p2 - p - 2
3
( -e
x> 2
3 e
e -s
e - 2s
e - 2s
+
) f ( t
s
s
s2
= ) F ( s
: .
) f ( t ) = u 1 ( t ) + ( t - 2) u 2 ( t ) - u 2 ( t
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- 2s
- 2s
2
-s
= ) F (s
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: f ( t )
1 t = 2 1 t = 1
. -1
e at f ( t - 2a ) u a ( t ) L ( f ( t + a ) ) = G ( s - a )
2
e -as - a G ( s + 2a ) (
e -as G ( s - 2a ) (
e -as + a G ( s ) (
L u a ( t ) f ( t - 2a ) = e
-as
.L {f ( t + a - 2a )} = e
) {
L e at u a ( t ) f ( t - 2a ) = e -as G ( s + a )
s s - a
e -as G ( s ) (
-as
.L ( f ( t - a ) ) = e
=e
-a ( s - a )
-as
. :
G (s + a )
G ( s - a + a ) = e -as + a G ( s )
u c ( t )
( )
y + y = 1 - t u 1 ( t )
y (0) = 0
L t u1 (t) = -
y = - 1 + e - t - ( t - 1) u 1 ( t ) (
y = t - e - t - ( t - 1) u 1 ( t ) (
y = 1 - e - t - ( t - 1) u 1 ( t ) (
y = 1 + e - t + ( t - 1) u 1 ( t ) (
( (
d
L u1 (t)
ds
-s
) ) = - dsd e s
-se -s - e -s ( s + 1) e
=
=
s2
s2
-s
. :
:
sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) + Y ( s ) =
Y (s ) =
1 ( s + 1) e
s
s2
-s
Y ( s )( s + 1) =
-s
1 ( s + 1) e
s
s2
1
e -s
s ( s + 1)
s2
y ( t ) = 1 - e - t - ( t - 1) u 1 ( t )
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y + y + y = d ( x - p ) cos 2 x

y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
y ( t )
2
3
2
3
u p (x)
x - p
-
e 2 sin
u p (x)
x + p
-
e 2 sin
3
2
3
2
( x - p ) (
( x + p ) (
u p (x)
x - p
-
e 2 cos
u p (x)
x+ p
-
e 2 cos
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3
2
3
2
( x - p ) (
( x + p ) (
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L ( y ) + L ( y ) + L ( y ) = L d ( x - p ) cos 2 x
(s
(s
2
2
. :
Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + Y ( s ) = e -ps cos 2 p
+ s + 1 Y ( s ) = e -ps
Y (s) =
e -ps
s2 + s +1
-1 2
2
=L 3
2
2
2
1
3
3
s+
s + 2 + 2
2
4
1
L -1
= L -1
s 2 + s + 1
3
= 2 e 2 sin
x
2
3
:
x - p
2
sin
1
2 -
= u p (x)
y ( t ) = L e -ps
e
3
s 2 + s + 1
-1
( x - p)
( )
F (s ) =
1
2 . ( s - 1)
s
2e x u ln 2 ( x ) (
e x u ln 2 ( x ) (
1 x
e u ln 2 ( x ) (
2
1 x
e (
2
. :
F (s ) =
1
2 ( s - 1)
s
1
e
s ln 2
( s - 1)
- ln 2 s
=e ( )
1
s -1
:
1
x
L-1
=e
s -1
:
1
- ln 2 s 1
x -ln 2
L-1 e ( )
= e x u ln 2 ( x )
= u ln 2 ( x ) e
s
1
2
L t n f ( t ) = ( -1)
dn
ds n
L { t f ( t ) } = - F ( s )
F (s )
2
L t f ( t ) = + F ( s )
: L
{ f ( t ) } = F ( s )
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) L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t :
) L-1 { F ( s ) } = - t f ( t
d n F (s )
= ( -1) n t n f ( t )
L-1
n
2
-1
) L { F ( s ) } = t f ( t
ds
: :
) F (s
as
(e
ds
f ( t ) = e -as
) { (a - t
: t
.
) ty + y = f ( t

y ( 0 ) = a , y ( 0 ) = b
d 2
) s Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + Y ( s ) = F ( s ) - 2sY + s 2 Y - y ( 0 ) + Y = F ( s
ds
-s 2 Y + (1 - 2s ) Y = F ( s ) - a
: :
( ) F ( s ) F ( s :
1
) ) L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = - L -1 ( F ( s
t
a

s
F ( s ) = tan -1:
a
s 2 = -a
2
s2 +a2
a
1+
s
= ) F ( s
:
-a
1
1
sin at
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = - L -1
= ) = - ( - sin at
2
2
t
t
t
s +a
( ) F ( s ) F ( s :
) ) L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = - t L -1 ( F ( s
2s
2
-a
(s
= ) F ( s:
1
2
s -a 2
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ds = -
2s
2
s2 -a 2
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: L -1 ( G ( s ) ) G ( s ) = F ( s ) G ( s ) = -
s -a 2
1
1
t
L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t L -1 = - t - sin hat = sinh at
2
2
a
a
s -a
. 1 - t 2 y - 2ty + 2y = 0 y ( 0 ) = 0 y ( 0 ) = 1 y = j ( t )
( )
Y y Y
s Y + 2sY - s + 2 Y = -1 (
sY + Y - s 2 + 1 Y = 1 (
sY + s 2 Y - s 2 + 2 Y = 1 (
s 2 Y + sY - s 2 Y = -1 (
. :
:
( )
L ( y ) - L t 2 y - 2L ( ty ) + 2L ( y ) = 0
2
(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) - dsd (s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 2 dsd (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 2Y (s ) = 0

s Y - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) _ ( 2Y + 4sY + s Y ) + 2 ( Y + sY ) + 2Y = 0
-s Y - 2sY + ( s + 2 ) Y - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) = 0
2
: y ( 0 ) = 0 y ( 0 ) = 1
s 2 Y + 2sY - s 2 + 2 Y = -1
( a , b > 0 ) I ( a , b ) =
3
2a - 6a b
((
F ( s ) = L t 2 cos b t
))
(a
+b
t 2 e - at cos b t dt
2a - 6ab 2
(a
+b
2a 3 - 6 ab 2
(a
+b
. :
:
s=a
:
d2
s
L t cos b t =
L ( cos b t )} =
{
2
2 2
ds
ds s + b 2
d2
( -2s ) ( s 2 + b 2 )
- ( 4s ) s 2 + b 2
(s
+b2
d s 2 + b 2 - 2s 2
=
2
ds
s 2 + b 2
d b2 -s 2
=
ds s 2 + b 2
(
)
)(b - s ) = 2s - 6s b
(s + b )
2
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3
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:
I=
2a - 6ab
(a
+b2
F ( s ) =
f (t) =
2sin 2t - sin t
(
t
f (t) =
p
s
- 2 tan -1 + tan -1 s
2
2
2sin 2t - sin t
f (t) = (
t
sin 2t - sin t
(
t
f (t) = -
sin 2t - sin t
(
t
. :
1
1
4
1
2
F ( s ) = -2
+
=+
2
2
2
2
1+ s
s + 4 s +1
s
1+
2
-2sin 2t + sin t = - tf ( t ) f ( t ) =
2sin 2t - sin t
t
1
s
L-1 ( F ( s ) ) F ( s ) = ln 1 +
( )
2
: L-1 ( F ( s ) ) = - tf ( t )
t
0
2 (1 + sin u )
1 - cos u
du (
u
t
0
1 + sin u
du (
u
1

s2
2 (1 - cos u )
u
. :
: G ( s ) = ln 1 +
1

s2
s +1
2s
2
G ( s ) = ln
= ln s 2 + 1 - 2 ln s G ( s ) = 2
s2
s +1 s
L-1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t .g ( t ) 2 cos t - 2 = - t .g ( t ) g ( t ) =
2 (1 - cos t )
:
1
L-1 G ( s ) =
s
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1
1
g ( u ) du L-1 ln 1 +
s
s2
t
0
2 (1 - cos u )
u
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du
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xy + y + xy = 0 , y ( 0 ) =1
( )
C
2
s +1
Cs
s +1
s -1
s -1
. :
:
-
d 2
d
s Y ( s ) - s y ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) - Y ( s ) = 0 - s 2 Y - 2sY + 1 + sY - 1 - Y = 0

ds
ds
1
1
Y
s
=2
Y
s +1
- s 2 + 1 Y = sY
1
C
ln Y ( s ) = - ln s 2 + 1 + ln C Y ( s ) =
2
s2 + 1
s ln
ate at + e at - 1
t2
ate at - e at + 1
t2
-e at + ate at - 1
t2
s
- a
s-a
e at - ate at - 1
t2
. :
: F ( s ) = ln
1
1
F ( s ) = ln s - ln ( s - a ) F ( s ) = s s-a
1 - e at = - t f ( t ) f ( t ) =
s

s-a
: L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = - tf ( t )
e at - 1
t
:
lim f ( t ) = lim
t 0
t 0
at
-1
( )
L ( f ( t ) ) = sF ( s ) - f 0 +
0
0
Hop
lim ae at = a
t 0 +
( ))
f ( t ) = L -1 sF ( s ) - f 0 +
at
at
at
s
e - 1 ate - e + 1
L -1 s ln
-a =
=
s-a
t
t2
:
s
-a
s-a
1
1
s
a
1 -1
s 1 -1
a
L -1 F ( s ) = - L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = - L -1 ln
= - t L ln s - a - t L - s - a
t
t
s
a
s
a
F ( s ) = s ln
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: G ( s ) = ln
G ( s ) = ln
s
1
1
= ln s - ln ( s - a ) G ( s ) = s-a
s s-a
1 - e at = - t g ( t ) g ( t ) =
s

s-a
: L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t g ( t )
e at - 1
t
:
1 e at - 1 1
-e at + 1 + at e at
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = -
- -ae at =
t t t
t2

: lim
f (t)
t 0
{ f ( t ) } = F ( s )
f ( t )
L
=
t
F ( s ) ds
f ( t )
L
=
n
t
....
s
F (s )
( ds )n
: L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t )
n
L -1
n
-1
= f (t)
....
F
s
ds
(
)(
)
L
s
s
s
tn
f (t)
F (s) d s =
: :
f ( t ) as
L
=e
t + a
e -as F ( s ) ds
(
L( e
)
f ( t ) sin bt ) = Im ( F ( s + a - i b ) )
: L ( f ( t ) ) = F ( s )
L e - a t f ( t ) cos b t = Re ( F ( s + a - i b ) )
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-a t
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: q = Arctg
n!cos ( ( n + 1) q )
L t n cos at =
s 2 +a 2
a

s
1
( n +1)
2
n!sin ( ( n + 1) q )
L t n sin at =
s 2 +a 2
1
( n +1)
2
L sin
2n
wt =
( 2n )! w 2n
2
2
s 2 + ( 2w) .... s 2 + ( 2nw)
) (
L sin 2n +1 w t =
(s
)(
( 2n + 1)! w 2n +1
+ w 2 s 2 + ( 3 w)
).... s
+ ( ( 2n + 1) w

2 ln 2 (
e - 2t
sin 2 t
dt
t
1
ln 2 (
2
ln 2 (
1
ln 2 (
4
. :
:
I=
e- 2t
sin 2 t
sin 2 t
dt = L
t
t
s=2
s
1 - cos 2t 1 1
= L sin 2 t = L
2
2
2s s +4
sin 2 t
L
=
t
1 1
s
1
1
2
- 2
ds = ln s - ln s + 4
2s s +4
2
2
1
s
= ln
2
s 2 + 4
1
1
s
s +4
ln1 - ln
= ln
2
s
s 2 + 4 2
:
1
s 2 + 4
I = ln
2
=
s=2
1 8 1
1
ln
= ln 2 = ln 2
2 2 2
4
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( )

s ln
s
s2 + 1
1 - e- u
du
u
1
s +1
ln
(
s
s
s +1
s2
s2
(
s +1
. :
L 1- e
-u
1 - e- u
1
1
= L
u
s s +1
= ln
s +1
1
1
s - s + 1 ds = ( ln ( s ) - ln ( s + 1) )
s
s +1
= ln (1) - ln
=
ln
s +1
t
0
1 s +1
1 - e- u
du = ln
s s
u
g(t)
1
-t
=

L g ( t ) e
2
t
s + 5s + 4
L
s + 3
ln
(
s
ln
s
ln
(
s + 3
s+3
(
s
ln
s
(
s+3
. :
: L g ( t ) e - t = G ( s + 1) L ( g ( t ) ) = G ( s )
L g ( t ) e -t =
1
s
+ 5s + 4
( s + 1)( s + 4 )
:
G ( s + 1) =
( s + 1)( s + 4 )
G (s ) =
1
s ( s + 3)
:
g(t)
L
=
t
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G ( s ) ds =
1
ds =
s ( s + 3)
11
1
ds
3s s + 3
1
1
s 1
s
ln s - ln ( s + 3) )
= ln
= ln1 - ln
(
= ln
s
s
3
3 s + 3
3
s + 3
( a , b > 0 ) I ( a , b ) =
a 2 + b2
1
ln
(
2
b
a 2 + b2
1
ln
(
2
a
ln
e - at
a 2 + b2
(
b
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s+3
s
1 - cos bt
dt
t
ln
a 2 + b2
(
a
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. :
:
I ( a , b) =
e - at
1 - cos bt
1 - cos bt
dt = L
t
t
s=a
:
1 - cos b t
L
=
t
1
s
- 2
2
s s +b
= ln1 - ln
s
s 2 + b2
2
2
ds = ln s - ln s + b
2
s
= ln
2
s + b2
s 2 + b2
= ln
s 2 + b2
I ( a , b ) = ln
s=a
a 2 + b2
= ln

: f ( t ) g ( t )
( f * g) (t) =
f (l) g ( t - l) d l =
f ( t - l) g (l) d l
:
f * 0 = 0*f = 0
f *g = g * f
f * (g + h ) = f * g + f * h
f * (g *h ) = (f * g) * h
f *( a g) = ( a f ) * g = a (f *g )
L (f *g)
( a )
: L {f ( t )} = F ( s ) L {g ( t )} = G ( s )
( t ) = F (s ) G (s )
L -1 ( F ( s ) G ( s ) ) = ( f * g )
: L -1 {F ( s )} = f ( t ) L -1 {G ( s )} = g ( t )
(t)
f (t)*d(t - a) = f (t - a)
f ( t ) * d ( t ) = f ( t )
( f ( t ) * g ( t ) ) = f ( t ) * g ( t ) = f ( t ) * g ( t )
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: :
L ( f ( t ) * g ( t ) * h ( t ) ) = F ( s ) G ( s ) H ( s )
. f ( x ) =
sin ( x - t )
t
0
l2
t -l
dl dt
:
:
g(t) =
l2
t -l
3
2
dl = t *
1
t
:
f (x) =
x
0
sin ( x - t ) g ( t ) dt = sin x * g ( x )
:
3
2
f ( x ) = sin x * x *
1
x
F ( s ) = L ( sin x ) L x 2
-1
Lx 2

5 1
G G
1
2
2
=

2
5
1
s +1
s2
s2
3 1 1 1
G
G
1
2 2 2 2 3p
=
=
2
5
1
4 s 3 s 2 +1
s +1
s2
s2
1
)
:
-1
L
3
s
1
= L -1 1
s 2 2
2
s +1
s s +1
x2
=
+ cos x
2
=
0
1
= L -1 1 1 s 2
2
s +1
( x - sin x ) dx
x2
+ cos x - 1
2
:
f (x) =
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3p x 2
+ cos x - 1
4 2
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y + 4y = f ( t )

y ( 0 ) = 3 , y ( 0 ) = -1
( )
1
y = 3cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
y=
3
1
sin 2t - cos 2t +
2
2
y=
3
sin 2t - cos 2t +
2
1
1
y = 3cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
2
t
0
cos 2 ( t - x ) f ( x ) dx (
t
0
t
0
t
0
sin 2 ( t - x ) f ( x ) dx (
cos 2 ( t - x ) f ( x ) dx (
sin 2 ( t - x ) f ( x ) dx (
. :
:
s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + 4Y ( s ) = F ( s ) s 2 Y ( s ) - 3s + 1 + 4Y ( s ) = F ( s )
(s
+ 4 Y ( s ) = 3s - 1 + F ( s ) Y ( s ) =
3s
2
s +4
1
2
s +4
+ F (s ).
1
1
1
1
y ( t ) = 3cos 2t - sin 2t + f ( t ) * sin 2t = 3cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
2
2
2
1
s +4
( s + 1) ( s
+4
s ( s + 1) s
+4
sin 2 ( t - x ) f ( x ) dx
: 2e x
( )
x
0
e - t sin 2 t dt
( s - 1) ( s
+4
s ( s - 1) s 2 + 4
. :
f ( x ) = 2e x
e - t sin 2 t dt = 2
(( ) (
F ( s ) = 2 L e x L sin 2 x
=
s ( s - 1) s 2 + 4
e(
x - t)
sin 2 t dt = 2 e x * sin 2 x
)) = 2 L ( e ) L 1 - cos2 2x = s 1- 1 1s - s
x
1 s 2 + 4-s 2
=
2
+ 4 s -1 s s 2 + 4
s
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g ( t ) = t cos ht f ( t ) = t cos t
t
( sin ht + sin t ) (
2
1
( sin ht + sin t ) (
2
t
( sin ht - sin t ) (
2
1
( sin ht - sin t ) (
2
. :
:
L ( ( f * g )( t ) ) = F ( s ) G ( s )
:
L ( f ( t ) ) = L ( t cos t ) =
-d s
s 2 + 1 - 2s 2
s2 -1
=
2
=2
2
ds s + 1
s2 +1
s2 +1
L ( g ( t ) ) = L ( t cos ht ) = -
d s
s
=ds s 2 - 1
- 1 - 2s
(s
-1
(s
+1
-1
( f * g )( t ) = L
=
-1
s2 -1
2
s + 1
) (
2
s2 +1
1
-1
=L
2
2
s +1 s2 -1
s 2 - 1
)(
= L -1 1 1 - 1
2 s 2 - 1 s 2 + 1
1
( sin ht - sin t )
2
x
f ( x )( dx ) = a
n
( n - 1)! (
( x - u )n -1 f ( u ) du
n! (
( n - 1)!

1
(
n!
. :
:
n
n -1
L
f ( x )( dx ) = L a
( x - u ) f ( u ) du
0
0
0
0

n -1
x *f ( x )
n
1
!
(
)
1
1
F (s ) = a
F (s ) a =
n
n
n
1)!
(
s
s
x
y ( t ) +
( )
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t
2
sin
+
3 3 3
3 t (
2
sin
3
3t +
t
0
y ( t - t ) t cos t dt = sin t
t
2
(
sin
3
3 3
3t -
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t
(
3
t + t sin t (
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. :
:
y ( t ) + y ( t ) * t cos t = sin t
L ( cos t ) =
) ( )
( )
(
s 2 + 1 - 2s 2
d s
s2 -1
L ( t cos t ) = -
==
2
2
ds s 2 + 1
+1
s2 +1
s2 +1
s
s
:
Y (s ) + Y (s )
s2 -1
s2 +1
s 4 + 3s 2
Y (s )
2
s 2 + 1
Y (s ) =
1
s2
s2 -1
Y ( s ) 1 +
2
+1
s2 +1
1
s2
= 2
s + 1
s2 + 3 - 2
1
s2 +1
Y (s ) =
=
= 2
s2 s2 + 3
s2 s2 + 3
s + 1
s2 s2 + 3
t
e 2 sin
3
2
2 1
1
-
2 3 2
2
s
s +
s
1
2
1
sin
y(t) = t - t
3
3
3
1
3
t f ( t ) f ( t ) = d ( t ) +
1
(
2
3t
f ( w) cos ( t - w) dw
t
2
3 t= +
sin
3 3 3
2 3
. :
f ( t ) = d ( t ) + ( f ( t ) * cos t )
F ( s ) =1 + F ( s )
L
s2 +1- s
s2 +1
F (s )
= 1 F (s) =
s2 +1
s2 +1- s
1 1
s - 2 + 2
s
F ( s ) =1 +
=1 +
2
2
s - s +1
3
1
s - 2 + 4
s
F ( s ) 1 =1
2
s +1
s +1
s
F (s ) =
L -1
(s
s2 +1- s
t
f ( t ) = d ( t ) + e 2 cos
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+1-s + s
3
2
t+
3
1 2 2
e sin
t
2 3
2
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y ( z ) sin ( t - z ) dz
t
0
y ( t ) = 4t - 3
3
sin 2t (
2
y ( t ) = 1 - cos t (
) (
1
sin 2t (
2
y ( t ) = t - cos t (
y(t) = 1 +
y(t) = t +
: .
:
) y ( t ) = 4t - 3 ( y ( t ) * sin t
s2 + 4
4
Y (s )
=
s2 +1 s2
1
3
4
) - 3 Y (s
Y ( s ) 1 +
= 2
2
2
s + 1
s + 1 s
4
s2
( ) = 4 ((s + 4) - 3) = 4 - 12 = 4 -12 1 1 - 1 = 1 + 3
(s + 4) s (s + 4) s s (s + 4) s 4 s s + 4 s s + 4
2
4 s 2 +1
2
3
sin 2t
2
=0
0
s2
= ) Y (s
= ) Y (s
y(t) = t +
y (0) = 4 (0) - 3
t = 0 .
t
y ( z ) sin ( t - z ) dz
t
0
y ( z ) cos ( t - z ) dz
t
0
y ( z ) sin ( t - z ) ) dz = 4 - 3 0 +
(
0 t
y ( t ) = 4t - 3
y ( t ) = 4 - 3 (1) y ( t ) sin ( t - t ) +
=4
0
y ( 0 ) = 4 - 3
y ( 0 ) = 4 .
3
y ( t ) = t + sin 2t y ( t ) = 1 + 3cos 2t y ( 0 ) = 1 + 3 = 4
2
y ( t - l ) e 2l dl
-3 (
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t
0
y ( l ) e t -l dl = t 2 +
-6 (
t
0
) y ( t t
6 (
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3 (
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: .
:
1
2
1
=
+ Y (s ).
s -1 s 3
s-2
-1
2
) Y (s
=
( s - 1)( s - 2 ) s 3
L
2t
x
0
s 2 - 3s + 2
3
sin 2x = y ( x ) +
1
y = 4sin 3x - sin x (
3
y = sin 2x +
Y ( s ) = -2.
) (
4
2
sin 2x + sin 3x (
3
3
4
2
sin 2x - sin x (
3
3
1 2
1
=
Y (s )
- 2 s 3
s
1
s
1 3
2
= -2 +
y ( t ) = -2 1 - 3t + t 2
2
3
s
s
s
( x - t ) y ( t ) dt
2
cos x (
3
) ( y ( t ) *e ) = t + ( y ( t ) *e
Y (s ).
=y
=y
: .
L
) ) sin 2x = y ( x ) + ( x * y ( x
( x - t )y ( t ) dt
s2 + 1
2s 2
= Y (s )
= ) Y (s
s2
s2 + 4
s2 + 4 s2 + 1
()
) .Y ( s
1
s2
sin 2x = y ( x ) +
= Y (s ) +
2
s2 + 4
1 8
2
1
4
2
Y (s ) =
y ( x ) = ( 4sin 2x - 2sin x ) = sin 2x - sin x
2
2
3 s + 4 s +1
3
3
3
: ) f ( t P
0 0 p

1
1 - e - Ps
.
1
= ) F ( s
: ) H ( s
1 - e - Ps
) H ( s ) f ( t ) ( 0, P P
) f ( t .
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- Ps
1- e
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) f ( t ) F ( s ) f ( t ) f ( t 0
) (
) lim sF ( s f 0 + ) lim sF ( s ) f ( + .
s
s0
: ) f ( t ) F ( s t at
1
s
) F ( s s
a
a
s
: F ) F ( s
a
t at a .
(
: s
t = 0 .
: ) F ( s ) f ( t ) sF ( s ) f ( t ) f ( t
t = 0 .
(
: 0 t
1

s
1
1
) F ( s
: ) F ( s
s
s
0 t .
(
:
at
at
s s - a .
: s - a s - a s
e at .
(
: ) u a ( t u a ( t )
t t + a e -as
.
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: ) e -as F ( s e -as ) F ( s
t t - a ) u a ( t .
(
: t t
s .
: ) F ( s ) F ( s - t
) F ( s ) F ( s - t .
(
1
1
:
t
t
s + .
: ) G ( s ) G ( s s + ) F ( s
1
) F ( s
t
:
.
:
.

: :
(
( .
g ( t ) = sin t f ( t ) = e t :
(
e l sin ( t - l ) dl
t
0
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= f ( l ) g ( t - l ) dl
t
0
= ) ( f * g )( t
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e l sin ( t - l ) dl
) sin ( t - l
) cos ( t - l
= I:
el
) - sin ( t - l
el
el
) ) ( cos ( t - l ) + sin ( t - l
2
= I = e l cos ( t - l ) + e l sin ( t - l ) - I I
el
:
e t - cos t - sin t
2
l=t
=
l=0
el
) ) ( f * g )( t ) = ( cos ( t - l ) + sin ( t - l
2
(
1
1
2
s -1 s +1
= ) L (f ( t ) * g ( t )) = F (s ) G (s
2
2
A
) Bs + C A s + 1 + ( Bs + C )( s - 1) ( A + B ) s + ( -B + C ) s + ( A - C
=
+
=
=
( s - 1) s 2 + 1 s - 1 s 2 + 1
( s - 1) s 2 + 1
( s - 1) s 2 + 1
1
2
, C=-
1
2
, B=-
A + B = 0
1
= -B + C = 0 A
2
A - C = 1
e t - cos t - sin t
=
2
1
1
1
- s2
2
2
f (t)*g(t) = L
+
2
s
1
s +1
-1
: )( )( !
: )
( .
.
y - 2y + y = d 3 ( t ) cos 2t
y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = 2
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(s
(s
:
:
Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) - 2 ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + Y ( s ) = e -3s cos 6
Y - s - 2 - 2 ( sY - 1) + Y = e -3s cos 6
( s - 1) 2 Y = s + e -3s cos 6
Y (s ) =
(s
- 2s + 1 Y = s + e -3s cos 6
( s - 1) + 1
e -3s
+ cos 6
( s - 1) 2
( s - 1) 2
1
1
e -3s
+
+ cos 6
s - 1 ( s - 1) 2
( s - 1) 2
: L -1
( s - 1) 2
y ( t ) = e t + t e t + cos 6 u 3 ( t )( t - 3) e (
= t e t
t -3 )
sin t 0 < t < 2

y + 4y =
p
0
t>
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 0
:
:
f ( t ) = u 0 ( t ) - u p ( t ) sin t
:
F ( s ) = e -0s L ( sin ( t + 0 ) )
p
- s
-e 2
p
1
L sin t + =
2
2
s +1

p
- s
-e 2
s
2
s +1
:
s 2 Y ( s ) + 4Y ( s ) =
1
2
s +1
p
- s
se 2
2
s +1
Y (s) =
(s + 1)(s
2
+4
-e
p
- s
2
(s + 1)(s
2
+4
)
:
G (s ) =
H (s ) =
1 1
1
1
1
=
g ( t ) = sin t - sin 2t
2
2
3 s +1 s + 4
3
2
s +1 s + 4
1 s
s
1
=
h ( t ) = ( cos t - cos 2t )
2
2
3
3
s +1 s + 4
s +1 s + 4
)(
)(
)
)
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:
p
y(t) = g(t) - u p (t)h t -
2
2
:
:
) Y - s - 1 + ( sY - 1) = F ( s
(s
) y + y = f ( t
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 1
) Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) = F ( s
= + s Y = s + 2 + F (s ) Y
) F (s
( s + 1) + 1 F ( s ) 1
1
+
= +
+
)s ( s + 1) s ( s + 1) s s ( s + 1) s ( s + 1
(s
(s
:
1
1
1
-t
L -1
= L -1 = 1- e
) s ( s + 1
s
s
1
+
f ( t - l ) 1 - e -l dl
t
0
y ( t ) = 1 + 1 - e -t + f ( t ) * 1 - e -t = 2 - e -t +
) y + y = f ( t
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
1 0 < t < 1

0 1 < t < 2
f ( t ) = ) f ( t + 2 ) = f ( t.
:
f p = 2 :
1
0
-1
1
= e -st ( 0 ) dt
e -st
- 2s s
1 - e
e -st (1) dt +
1
0
1
1 - e - 2s
= e -st f ( t ) dt
2
0
) ) s (1 + e
-s
1
1 - e - 2s
1 - e -s
- 2s
s 1- e
= ) F (s
=
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()
s s + 1 1 + e -s
2
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= ) Y (s
1
-s
s 1+ e
= ) s 2Y (s ) + Y (s
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e -s < 1 :
( -1) n e -ns
n =1
= 1 - e -s + e - 2s - + = 1 +
1 + e -s
:
- ns
n
2
)( -1
s s +1
n =1
s s +1
= ) Y (s
:
t
sin t dt = 1 - cos t
0
1
L -1
2
s s +1
)) ( -1) n u n ( t ) (1 - cos ( t - n
y ( t ) = 1 - cos t +
n =1
: .

(
)s ( s - 1
s +1
ty + (1 - t ) y + y = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = -1
1
(
)s ( s - 1
s
2
s +1
: .
:
s -1
2
lim sY ( s ) = y ( 0 ) = 1
) y ( 0 ) = lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 :
s
s3
-s
- s = lim
=0
2
2
s
s s + 1
s s + 1
s -1
: lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) = lim s 2 2 - s = -1
s
s
s
: lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) = lim
.
:
d 2
d
s Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + Y ( s ) = 0
ds
ds
- 2sY + s 2 Y - y ( 0 ) + ( sY - y ( 0 ) ) + ( Y + sY ) + Y = 0 - s 2 - s Y + ( 2 - s ) Y = 0
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-s ( s -1)
dY
dY
s-2
= (s - 2) Y
=
ds
ds
Y -s ( s -1)
dY -2
1
=
+
ds
Y s s - 1
k ( s - 1)
ln Y = -2 ln s + ln ( s - 1) + ln k Y ( s ) =
s2
. 1 k y ( 0 ) = lim sY ( s )
s
: :
: f ( t ) = te t cos t (
L ( cos t ) =
s
L e t cos t =
s +1
s 2 +1
s
L te t cos t = -
( s - 1)
( s - 1) 2 + 1
=
s s -1
( s - 1) 2 + 1 - 2 ( s - 1) 2
d ( s - 1)
==
2
ds ( s - 1) 2 + 1
2
( s - 1) + 1
( s - 1) 2 - 1
) (s
( s - 1) 2 + 1
s 2 - 2s
2
- 2s + 2
:
L ( cos t ) =
s
s 2 +1
L e t t cos t =
L ( t cos t ) = -
s 2 -1
(s + 1)
2
2
s s -1
d s
s 2 + 1 - 2s 2
s 2 -1
=
2
=2
2
ds s + 1
s 2 +1
s 2 +1
( s - 1) 2 - 1
((s -1) + 1) (s
2
s 2 - 2s
2
- 2s + 2
: f ( t ) =
L ( sin t ) =
1
L e - t sin t =
s +1
s 2 +1
1
L e - t sin t =
t
( s + 1)
+1
=
s s +1
ds = ( Arc tan ( s + 1) )
( s + 1) 2 + 1
e - t sin t
(
t
p
- Arc tan ( s + 1) = Arc cot ( s + 1)
2
:
L ( sin t ) =
L sin t =
2
t
s +1
1
sin t
L e -t
= ( Arc cot s )
t
1
2
s +1
ds = ( Arc tan s )
p
- Arc tan s = Arc cot s
2
= Arc cot ( s + 1)
s s +1
: f ( t ) =
t
0
et
1 - cos t
dt (
t
1
s
L (1 - cos t ) =
2
s s +1
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1 - cos t
L
=
t
= ln
et
2
s +1

1 - cos t
Le t
=
ln
1
s
1
2
- 2
ds = ln s - ln s + 1
2
s s +1
s
= ln1 - ln
s 2 +1
s 2 + 1

s
1 - cos t 1
dt = ln
s
t
= ln
s 2 +1
= ln
( s - 1) 2 + 1
s -1
s 2 - 2s + 2
= ln
s -1
s s -1
s 2 - 2s + 2
s -1
1
1
s
s
L (1 - cos t ) = L e t (1 - cos t ) =
2
s s 2 +1
s
s +1
L e t (1 - cos t ) =
t
e t (1 - cos t )
t
s s -1
= ln
1
s -1
s - 1 ( s - 1) 2 + 1
s - 1
1
2
1 ds = ln ( s - 1) - ln ( s - 1) + 1
s - 1 ( s - 1) 2 + 1
2
2
s - 2s + 2
s -1
1
dt = ln
s
= ln1 - ln
s
s -1
s 2 - 2s + 2
s 2 - 2s + 2
= ln
s -1
s 2 - 2s + 2
s -1
. :
: F ( s ) =
F (s ) =
( s - 1) 2 - 1
((s -1) + 1)
2
-1
( F (s )) = e
t -1
s 2 - 2s
(s
- 2s + 2
s 2 -1
2
s 2 + 1
s 2 -1
=

2
2
s 2 +1
s +1
: L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t L -1 ( G ( s ) )
s 2 -1
-1 s
-1 s
-1 s - 1
L =
L
=
t
L
=
t
cos
t
2
2
s 2 + 1
s +1
s 2 + 1
s 2 + 1
-1
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= t cos t
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:
t cos t
( F (s )) = e
-1
( ) F ( s ) = Arc cot ( s + 1:
-1
( s + 1) 2 + 1
1 -1
) ) L ( F ( s
t
= ) ) L -1 ( F ( s : 1
1 -1
-1
= e - t sin t
L
( s + 1) 2 + 1 t
t
s 2 - 2s + 2
(
s -1
s 2 - 2s + 2

s -1
= ) F ( s
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = -
1
s
F ( s ) = ln :
G ( s ) = ln :
1
)ln s 2 - 2s + 2 - ln ( s - 1
2
1
2s - 2
1
s -1
1
= ) G (s
=
2 s 2 - 2s + 2 s - 1 ( s - 1) 2 + 1 s - 1
= )s 2 - 2s + 2 - ln ( s - 1
G ( s ) = ln
) L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t g ( t:
) e t (1 - cos t
t
) ( s - 1
1
- t g ( t ) = L -1
= e t cos t - e t
( s - 1) 2 + 1 s - 1
= ) g(t
:
dt
) e t (1 - cos t
t
t
0
= g ( t ) dt
t
0
= ) L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = L -1 G ( s
s
:
.
( f ( t ) = u p ( t ) e 2t sin t:
2
p
p
- s
- s
p
2 L e 2t +p cos t = e 2 e p L e 2t cos t
=
e
)(s - 2
(s - 2) 2 + 1
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p
) (s - 2
2
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=e
2 t+ p
p
- s
= e 2 L e 2 sin t +
s s - 2
) ) ( L ( cos t
p
)(s-2
2
=e
) F (s
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: F ( s ) = e - 2s
2
2
s s - 2s + 2
A s 2 - 2s + 2 + ( Bs + C ) s ( A + B ) s 2 + ( -2A + C ) s + 2A
A
Bs + C
= +
=
=
s s 2 - 2s + 2
s s 2 - 2s + 2
s s 2 - 2s + 2
s s 2 - 2s + 2
2
A + B = 0
-2A + C = 0 A = 1 , B = -1 , C = 2
2A = 2
= L -1 1 + -s + 2 = L -1 1 + - ( s - 1) + 1
L
s ( s - 1) 2 + 1
s s 2 - 2s + 2
s s 2 - 2s + 2
-1
= 1 - e t cos t + e t sin t
2
L -1 e - 2s
2
s s - 2s + 2
( t - 2 ) cos t - 2 + e ( t -2 ) sin t - 2
( )
( )
= u 2 (t) 1- e
:
.
: F ( s ) =
(s
1
2
+a2
1
1
1 1 1
1
=
F (s ) =
2- 2
2
2
2
2
2
s s s +a
s a s
s +a
:
1
1
L -1
2
2
s +a2
s
1
1
-1 1 1 1
= t - sin at L 2 2 - 2
a
s
s +a2
s
a
1 1 2 1
=
t +
cos at
2 2
2
a
a
=
0
1
= 2
a
t - a sin at dt
1 1 2 1
1
t +
cos at
2 2
2
a
a
a2
:(
1 1
L -1 = t 2
s3 2
1
1
, L -1
= sin at
2
2 a
s +a
:
1
1
L -1
3
2
s s +a2
1 2 1
= t * sin at =
a
2
t
0
1
1
( t - l ) 2 sin al dl
2
a
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(t - l)
l=t
1 1
2
2
2
f (t) =
- ( t - l ) cos al - 2 ( t - l ) sin al + 3 cos al
2a a
a
a
-2 ( t - l )
l =0
1 2
1 2 2 1 1 2 1
1
3 cos at + t - 3 = 2 t + 2 cos at - 2
2a a
a
a a 2
a
a
sin al
1
- cos al
a
-
2
+
( ) G ( s ) =
s2 +a2
a3
s2 +a2
a2
1
: F ( s ) =
G ( s ) =
sin al
cos al
-1
2
2 s +a2
: L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t L -1 ( G ( s ) )
-1
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = L -1 ( G ( s ) ) = - t L -1 ( G ( s ) ) f ( t ) = - t L -1
2
2
2 s +a
= t 1 sin at = 1 t sin at
2 a
2a
:(
1
L -1
2
s +a2
1
s
-1
= sin at , L 2
a
s +a2
= cos at
-1
L
s 2 + a 2
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1
= sin at * cos at =
a
=
=
1
2a
1
2a
(
0
t
0
1
sin al cos a ( t - l ) dl
a
sin ( al + a ( t - l ) ) + sin ( al - a ( t - l ) ) dl
sin at + sin ( 2al - at ) ) dl =
1
1
l sin at - cos ( 2al - at )
2a
2a
l=t
l=0
1
1
1
1
t sin at - cos at + cos at =
t sin at
2a
2a
2a
2a
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:
e At A
1
a = ( s - a )-1
s-a
I
-1
) = ( Is - A
Is - A
} {
= L e a t A
} {
= L e At I )( .
} ) {( Is - A
-1
-1
e At = L
0 1
A = eAt
1 0
cos t sin t
sin t cos t (
: .
cosh t sinh t
- sinh t cosh t (
cos t sin t
- sin t cos t (
} ) {( Is - A
-1
cosh t sinh t
sinh t cosh t (
I
-1
) = ( Is - A
eAt = L-1
Is - A
) (
= L eAt
:
s 1
1 s
0 0 1 s -1
-1

=
Is
A
=
(
)
s 1 0 -1 s
s2 - 1
s
Is - A =
0
:
1
s
2
cosh t sinh t
2
s -1 s -1 =
s sinh t cosh t
1
2
s - 1 s2 - 1
eAt = L -1
) F ( s s :
) Re s { e st F (s ) } at Poles of F (s
= } ) L-1 { F ( s
) e st F ( s ) f ( t .
z 0 m ) f ( z :
)f (z
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1
d m -1
z-z0
( m - 1)! d z m-1
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) Re s f ( z
= lim
zz 0
z=z0
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-2 0 < t < 1
f ( t ) = 1 1 < t < 3 .
2t
t>3
e
-
2 3 -s 1 -3s
1 6-3s
+ e - e +
e
(
s s
s
s-2
s > 2 -
2 1 -s 3 -3s
1 6-3s
+ e + e +
(
e
s s
5
s-2
s > 2 -
2 3 -s 1 -3s
1 6-3s
+ e - e +
e
(
s s
s
s-2
2 1 -s 3 -3s
1 6-3s
+ e + e +
(
e
s s
s
s-2
. :
:
F (s ) =
= -2
=
e(
e-st f ( t ) dt =
-1 -st
e
s
e-st ( -2 ) dt +
-1
+ e -st
0 s
) (
3
1
e-st (1) dt +
1 ( 2 -s ) t
e
2-s
e-st e 2t dt
2 -s
1
1
-s + 2 ) ( )
-s + 2 ) ( 3 )
e - 1 - e-3s - e-s +
e(
- e(
s
s
2-s
-s + 2 ) ( )
)
: -s + 2 < 0
= e- = 0
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:
2 3 -s 1 -3s
1 6-3s
e
+ e - e +
s s
s
s-2
F (s ) = -
. f ( t ) = sin 2 k t
(
2k 2
s s 2 + 4k 2
: .
2k 2
s s 2 + 4k 2
s s 2 + 4k 2
s +1
s + s 2 - 6s
1
- (
6
s s 2 + 4k 2
1 s + 4k - s
11
s
- 2
=
2
2 s s + 4k 2 s s 2 + 4k 2
.
2
(
15
s 2 + 2k 2
k2
= ) F (s
s2 + k 2
s s 2 + 4k 2
1 - cos 2kt
2
= f ( t ) = sin 2 kt
= ) Y ( s e2t
3
(
10
2
(
15
: .
:
s +1
A
B
C
= +
+
s ( s - 2 )( s + 3) s s - 2 s + 3
s +1
)s ( s - 2 )( s + 3
s +1
2
s s +s-6
s +1
2
s + s - 6s
= ) Y (s
e2t ) y ( t B s - 2
:
3
3
= = 0+B+0 B
10
10
3
e 2 t
10
.
1
(
15
s =2
)A (s - 2
)c (s - 2
s +1
=
+B+
)s ( s + 3
s
s+3
.
1
10
= ) F ( s e t
s + s 9 - 2s
1
(
16
1
(
17
1
(
18
: .
s 10 + s 9 - 2s s = 1 10s 9 + 9s 8 - 2 s = 1 .
:
1
) ( s - 1) H ( s
) H ( s 9 s - 1.
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1
9
+ s - 2s
10
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) k (s
A
+
) s - 1 H (s
s - 1:
)k ( s )( s - 1
)H (s
10
+ s - 2s
s -1
= A+
s 10 + s 9 - 2s
:
1
17
= lim
10s + 9s - 2
1
1
.
= A ) F ( s e t
17
17
. e-st sint dt ds
+ s - 2s
s1
p
(
2
0 (
s 1
0
0
s -1
10
lim
ln 2 (
: .
:
p
p
= -0
2
2
= = tan -1 - tan -1 0
ds = tan -1 s
1
2
s +1
= L {sin t} ds
= e -st sint dt ds
=I
1 0 t < 2
. ) , f ( t + 4 ) = f ( t
0 2 t < 4
f ( t ) =
s 1 + e -2s
-2s
s 1- e
-2s
s 1+ e
1
-2s
s 1- e
: .
P = 4 :
( e ) (1) dt + ( e ) ( 0) dt
-s t
-s t
2
0
1
1 - e -4s
-1 -2s
1
1
1
= e -1
= e -2s - 1
s
s e-2s - 1 e-2s + 1
s 1 + e -2s
()
= e-s t f ( t ) dt
4
0
1
-4s
1- e
-s t 2
0
-1
e
s
1
1 - e - 4s
1
-4s
1- e
= ) F (s
=
:
:
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f ( t ) = u 0 ( t ) - u 2 ( t ) + u 4 ( t ) - +
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e- 0s e- 2s e- 4s
1
+
- + = e - 0s - e - 2s + e - 4s - +
s
s
s
s
= ) F (s
)
1 e3s + s
.
s e2s + e3s
1
(
2
1 e- o s
1
=
s 1 + e - 2s s 1 + e - 2s
= ) F (s
= ) F ( s ) lim f ( t
t 0
1
(
3
1 (
: .
:
e3s + s
1 e3s + s
= lim
s e 2s + e3s s e2s + e3s
= 1 :
Arc tg s
.
s sin s
e3s
e3s
lim f ( t ) = lim s F ( s ) = lim s

s
t 0
lim
= ) F ( s ) lim f ( t
t
0 (
1
(
2
1 (
2(
: .
s Arc tg s
s.s
= lim
=1
s 0 s sin s
s 0 s.s

s 0
4t 0 t 1
y + 4y = y ( 0 ) = 0 y ( 0 ) = 1
.
t >1
4
(1 - e ) (
)(s + 4
1 e -s
s 2 + 4 s s 2
-s
4
2
(1 + e ) (
)(s + 4
-s
4
2
s +4
1
1 e -s
(
s
s 2 + 4 s 2
s +4
1
2
s +4
s
2
s +4
: .
4t 0 t 1

4 t > 1
f ( t ) = :
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) f ( t ) = 4tu 0 ( t ) - 4 ( t - 1) u 1 ( t
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:
-1s
s2
) (1 - e
)(s + 4
4
-s
s
2
s +4
-4
-0s
2
s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + 4Y ( s ) = 4
(1 - e ) + s
= ) Y (s
-s
4
2
= ) + 4 Y (s
y + 4y + 5y = 0
.
y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = 0
) (
y = e - x cos x + e - 2x sin x (
y = e - 2x cos x + 2e - 2x sin x (
y = e - 2x cos x + 3e - 2x sin x (
y = e - 2x cos x + e - x sin x (
: .
:
Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + 4 ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + 5Y ( s ) = 0
y ( 0 ) = 0 y ( 0 ) = 1:
s+4
+ 4s + 5
= ) + 4s + 5 Y = s + 4 Y ( s
(s
(s
Y - s - 0 + 4 ( sY - 1) + 5Y = 0
:
y ( x ) = e - 2x cos x + 2e - 2x sin x
+1
)(s + 2
2
+
2
(s + 2) + 1 (s + 2) 2
(s
(s
= ) Y (s
: :
l 2 + 4l + 5 = 0 l = - 2 i
( )
sin x
- 2x
cos x + Be
- 2x
y = Ae
y = A -2e - 2x cos x - e - 2x sin x + B -2e - 2x sin x + e - 2x cos x
y ( 0 ) = 1 A (1) + B ( 0 ) = 1
A =1, B = 2
y ( 0 ) = 0 A ( -2 ) + B (1) = 0
:
sin x
: y ( 0 ) = 1 .
y ( 0 ) = 0 .
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- 2x
cos x + 2 e
- 2x
y= e
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x = 0 :
y ( 0 ) + 4y ( 0 ) + 5y ( 0 ) = 0 y ( 0 ) + 4 ( 0 ) + 5 (1) = 0 y ( 0 ) = -5
.
: y = e - 2x cos x + 2e - 2x sin x
y = -2e - 2x cos x - e - 2x sin x - 4e - 2x sin x + 2e - 2x cos x = -5e - 2x sin x
y = 10e - 2x sin x - 5e - 2x cos x y ( 0 ) = -5
y - y - 6y = 2 cos t + sin t
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 0
) y ( t e 3t e - 2t cos t
-13
3
7
(
50
25 50
1
13
3
(
25 50
25
13
3
3

(
50
25 50
13
3
7
(
50
25 25
: .
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0 :
2s + 1
)) (s + 1) (s - 3)(s + 2
2
2s + 1
-s-6
(s + 1)(s
2
= ) Y (s
2s
2
s +1 s +1
= s 2 Y - sY - 6Y
)(1
C
D
+
s-3 s+ 2
As + B
s +1
6 +1
7
) (1 s - 3 s = 3:
=
9
1
3
2
50
+
+
) () (
3
) (1 s + 2 s = -2:
25
-4 + 1
2s + 1
)(s + 1) (s - 3)(s + 2
2
=C
)( 4 + 1)( -2 - 3
=D
) (1 s s :
13
50
A + C + D = 0 A = - (C + D) = -
:
-13
7
3
cos t + Bsin t + e 3t + e - 2t
50
50
25
= y ( t ) = A cos t + Bsin t + Ce 3t + De -2t
.
y + 2y + 5y = 0
y ( 0 ) = 2 , y ( 0 ) = -4
e t ( 2 cos 2t - sin 2t ) (
e t ( 2 cos 2t + sin 2t ) (
e- t ( 2 cos 2t + sin 2t ) (
e- t ( 2 cos 2t - sin 2t ) (
: .
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+ 2s + 5 Y ( s ) - 2s + 4 - 4 = 0
(s
( s + 1)2 + 4
(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 2 (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 5Y (s ) = 0

2
s +1
+4
Y (s ) = 2
2 ( s + 1) - 2
)( s + 1
) y ( t ) = 2e- t cos 2t - e - t sin 2t = e - t ( 2 cos 2t - sin 2t
+4
)( s + 1
2s
= ) Y (s
s + 2s + 5
ty + ( 3t - 1) y - ( 4t + 9 ) y = 0
.
y ( 0 ) = 0
) y ( t
kte - t (
kt 2 e t (
kt 2 e - t (
: .
:
kte t (
d
d
d
s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) - 3 ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) - ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + 4 Y ( s ) - 9Y ( s ) = 0
ds
ds
ds
y ( 0 ) = 0 s :
( 4 - 3s - s ) Y - (3s + 12) Y = 0
2
dY
ds
c t 2
e t
2
= ) y(t
- 2sY + s 2 Y - 3 ( Y + sY ) - sY + 4Y - 9Y = 0
) - ( 3s + 12 ) Y = s 2 + 3s - 4 Y - 3 ( s + 4 ) Y = ( s - 1)( s + 4
c
3
)( s - 1
= ) ln Y ( s ) = - 3ln ( s - 1) + ln c Y ( s
dY
Y
-3ds
)( s - 1
. ty + 2y + ty = 0 lim y = p y
t 0
2
2
(
p
1
(
p
2 (
: .
:
1 (
d 2
d
s Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + 2 ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) - ( Y ( s ) ) = 0
ds
ds
:
p
2
s +1
- 2sY + s 2 Y - p + 2 ( sY - p ) - Y = 0 - s 2 + 1 Y = p Y ( s ) = -
) L-1 ( Y ( s ) ) = - t y ( t :
p
2 =2
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p sin
p
2
p
= y
2
-1
-p
p sin t
L
= ) = - t y ( t ) - p sin t = - t y ( t ) y ( t
2
t
s +1
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( )
t
d2 y
dt
+ (1 - t )
dy
+ y = 0 ; t > 0 , y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = -1
dt
1
s
2
s -1
s -1
s -1
s2
. :
d2 y
dy
dy
L t
+ L - L t + L ( y) = 0
dt 2
dt
dt
d 2
d
s Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + ( sY ( s ) - y ( 0 ) ) + Y ( s ) = 0
ds
ds
- 2sY + s 2 Y - y ( 0 ) + ( sY - y ( 0 ) ) + ( Y + sY ) + Y = 0
s ( s - 1)
dY
= - (s - 2) Y
ds
(s - 2)
dY
=ds
Y
s ( s - 1)
( s - s ) Y + ( s - 2 ) Y = 0
2
dY
1
2
= - ds
Y
s s -1
K ( s - 1)
ln Y = -2 ln s + ln ( s - 1) + ln K Y =
s2
.( K )
y ( 0 ) = lim sY ( s ) 1 = lim s
s
K ( s - 1)
s2
: :
K =1
: :
y ( 0 ) = lim sY ( s ) , y ( 0 ) = lim s Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 )
2
. lim sY ( s ) = 1 y ( 0 ) = 1
s
: y ( 0 ) = -1
lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) = -1
s -1
- s (1) = lim s - 1 - s = -1
s
s2
: lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) = lim s 2
s
s3
- s (1) = lim
-s
s s 2 - 1
s 2 -1
: lim s 2 Y ( s ) - sy ( 0 ) = lim s 2
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= lim
s -s +s
2
s -1
= lim
s s 2
-1
=0
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) y + 2y + y = t d2 ( t
) y (1
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 1
1
(
e
3
(
e
2
(
e
: .
:
e -st t d2 ( t ) dt
+ 2s + 1 Y ( s ) - s - 3 = 2e -2s
1
2
2e -2s
+
+
s + 1 ( s + 1)2 ( s + 1)2
(s
= s 2 Y - sy ( 0 ) - y ( 0 ) + 2 ( sY - y ( 0 ) ) + Y
) (s Y - s - 1) + 2 (sY - 1) + Y = ( te
-st
t=2
( s + 1) + 2 + 2e-2s
( s + 1)2
= ) Y (s
- 1- 2
y (1) = e -1 + 2e-1 + 2 u 2 ( 1 ) (1 - 2 ) e ( ) = 3e-1
s + 3 + 2e-2s
( s + 1)2
= ) Y (s
- t -2
) ( y ( t ) = e- t + 2te - t + 2u 2 ( t )( t - 2 ) e
0
t
y - y - 2y = e cos t
.
y ( 0 ) = 0, y ( 0 ) = 0
e- t e2t
1
2
,(
6
15
1
2
,(
6
15
1 2
,
(
6 15
1 2
,
(
6 15
: .
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0 :
s -1
) ( s + 1)( s - 2 ) ( s2 - 2s + 2
= Y
s -1
+1
= )- s - 2 Y (s
)( s - 1
(s
:
) ( s - 2
)( s +1
1
6
2
15
s=2
= B
s = -1
= A
A
B
Cs + D
+
+
2
s + 1 s - 2 s - 2s + 2
) ( Cs + D )( s - 2
2
s - 2s + 2
)( Cs + D )( s + 1
2
s - 2s + 2
+ B+
s -1
- 2s + 2
)A (s - 2
= A+
s +1
)B ( s + 1
s-2
( s + 1)( s - 2 ) ( s
s -1
- 2s + 2
( s + 1) ( s
s -1
- 2s + 2
(s - 2) (s
:
2 - t 1 2t
e + e +
15
6
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= ) y(t
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2
1
Cs + D
Y ( s ) = 15 + 6 +
2
s + 1 s - 2 s - 2s + 2
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) x ( t ) + 2x ( t ) + x ( t ) = f ( t
x ( 0 ) = x ( 0 ) = 0
b e-b f ( t - b ) db (
b eb f ( t - b ) db (
)(
e-b f ( t - b ) db (
= )x (t
b2 e -b f ( t - b ) db (
= x t
t
0
= )x (t
= )x (t
: .
:
) (s2 + 2s + 1) X (s ) = F (s
) (s2 X (s ) - sx ( 0) - x ( 0)) + 2 (sX (s ) - x ( 0)) + X (s ) = F (s
) F (s
( s + 1)2
) F (s
+ 2s + 1
(s
= ) X (s
) ( F (s )) = f ( t
= te- t
-1
1
L-1
( s + 1)2
:
b e-b f ( t - b ) db
t
0
= = f ( t ) * t e- t
) x ( t ) = L -1 F ( s
( s + 1)2
p
. y + 4y = 4 cos 2x y ( 0 ) = 1 y ( 0 ) = 0 . y
4
= x :
) (
p
(
4
1
(
2
p
(
4
0 (
: .
:
s
+4
4s
2
+4
(s
= ) + s Y (s
4s
+4
= ) + 4 Y (s
(s
4s
+4
= ) s 2 Y ( s ) - s + 4Y ( s
:
s
+4
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= ) L ( cos 2t
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2
4s
L ( t sin 2t ) = -
=
s2 + 4
2
s +4
2
s2 + 4
= ) L ( sin 2t
:
p p
= y
4 4
y ( t ) = t sin 2t + cos 2t
:
y" + 4y = 0 sin 2t cos 2t
1
y" + 4y = 4 cos 2t ) ( 4 cos 2t

+4
t
) = ( cos 2t + i sin 2t
4i
2
= y p . :
1
e 2it
2i + 2i
=t
2it
1
=) e
e
(
D
2i
) D + 2i
(
()
+4
2it
=K
t
t
t
= -i cos 2t + sin 2t y p = 4 Re ( K ) = 4 sin 2t = t sin 2t
4
4
4
y = A cos 2t + Bsin 2t + t sin 2t
y (0) = 1 A = 1
y ( 0 ) = 0 2B = 0
:
p p
= y = cos 2t + t sin 2t y
4 4
d -n
. ) x J n ( x ) = - x - n J n +1 ( x
dx
s
2
s +1
1-
s
2
s +1
1
2
s +1
= ) ) L ( J 0 ( x }) L {J1 ( x
- 1 (
s
2
s +1
s
2
s +1
: .
n = 0 :
:
}) - 1 = -L {J1 ( x
1
s2 + 1
L ( J 0 ( x ) ) = L ( - J1 ( x ) ) sL ( J 0 ( x ) ) - J 0 ( 0 ) = -L ( J1 ( x ) ) s
s
2
s +1
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d -0
) x J 0 ( x ) = - x - 0 J 0+1 ( x ) J 0 ( x ) = - J1 ( x
dx
1
s
= }) L {J 0 ( x
J 0 ( 0 ) = lim
=1
2
2
+
s
s +1
s +1
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L ( J1 ( x ) ) = 1 -
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9s - 1
f ( 0 ) F ( s ) =
64 (
63 (
s s2
+ 7s + 1
9s 3 - s 2
s 2 + 7s + 1
-64s 2 - 9s
= lim
s 2 + 7s + 1
-64 (
=9
f ( 0 ) = lim s 2 F ( s ) - s f ( 0 ) = lim
s
s + 7s + 1
-63 (
. :
9s 2 - s
f ( 0 ) = lim s F ( s ) = lim
- 9s = lim
9s 3 - s 2 - 9s 3 - 63s 2 - 9s
s 2 + 7s + 1
= -64
-t
sF ( s ) - F ( s + 1) F ( s ) f ( t ) = e 1-e .
2 (
-1 (
0 (
1 (
. :
f ( t ) = e1-e
-t
f ( t ) = e - t e1- e
L ( f ( t )) = L e -t f ( t )
-t
= e- t f ( t )
:
sF ( s ) - f ( 0 ) = F ( s )
s s +1
sF ( s ) - F ( s + 1) = f ( 0 ) sF ( s ) - F ( s + 1) = e 1-e
-0
sF ( s ) - f ( 0 ) = F ( s + 1)
=1
F ( s ) =
t
0
t 4 3t
e dt (
24
t 4 -3t
e dt (
24
t
0
1
s ( s + 3)
t 3 3t
e dt (
6
4
t
0
t 3 -3t
e dt (
6
. :
1
L -1
( s + 3) 4
3!
= L-1 1
3! ( s + 3) 4
1
= e
6
-3t
t3
:
1
1
f ( t ) = L -1
s ( s + 3) 4
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t
0
1
e
6
-3t
t 3dt
F ( s ) =
1
2a
cosh at sin at (
1
2a
cosh at cos at (
1
2a 2
sinh at sin at (
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s
4
s + 4a 4
1
2a 2
.
sinh at cos at (
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F (s ) =
s
4
s + 4a
(s
+ 2a 2
- 4s 2 a 2
(s
+ 2a - 2sa
= 1
2
2
s + 2a + 2sa 4a
e at
1 1 at
1 -at
1
f (t) =
sin at =
sin at
e sin at - e
4a a
a
2a 2
1
1
4a s 2 + 2a 2 - 2sa
) (
. :
) (s
+ 2a 2 + 2sa
1
1

2
2
2
2
( s - a ) + a
( s + a ) + a
- e -at
2
1
sin at sinh at
=
2a 2
.
2e-s
s2
2e-s
s2
2e-2s 3e -2s
(
s
s2
2e -2s e -2s
(
s
s2
2e-s
s2
3e -2s
s2
(
. :
:
f ( t ) = 2 ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) - 2u 2 ( t ) - 3 ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) F ( s ) = 2e -1s
1
s2
2e -2s
1
- 3e -2s
s
s2
f ( t ) = u 2 ( t )( 3t - 1) e t .
3 1
e-2s - (
s2 s
3
7
e-2s + 2
+
(
( s - 1)2 ( s - 1)
3
5
e-2s + 2
+
(
( s - 1)2 ( s - 1)
3
1
(
e-2s
( s - 1)2 ( s - 1)
L u 2 ( t )( 3t - 1) e t = e
- 2s
L ( 3 ( t + 2 ) - 1) e
= e -2s + 2 {L ( 3t + 5 )}
t +2
}=e
s s -1
- 2s + 2
L ( 3t + 5 ) e t
3 5
= e - 2s + 2 +
s2 s
. :
s s -1
3
5
= e - 2s + 2
+
2 ( s - 1)
( s - 1)
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1
-s
s 1- e
= ) F ( s ) f ( t
(
: .
:
1
= 1+ A + A 2 + A 3 +
1- A
1
1 e -s e - 2s e -3s
1 + e -s + e - 2s + e -3s + = +
+
+
+
s
s
s
s
s
) = u c ( t
e- cs
s
-s
1
1
s 1- e
= ) F (s
L-1 :
f ( t ) = u 0 ( t ) + u 1 ( t ) + u 2 ( t ) + u 3 ( t ) +
1
2
) (1 + e
-s
= ) F ( s ) f ( t
( n + 1) d n ( t ) (
( n + 1)( -1) n d n ( t ) (
n =0
n =0
n ( -1) n +1 d n ( t ) (
( n + 1) ( -1) d n +1 ( t ) (
n
n =0
n =0
: .
:
1
= 1 - A + A 2 - A 3 + -
1+ A
:
= 1 - 2A + 3A 2 - 4A3 + -
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1
2
) (1 + A
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= -1 + 2A - 3A 2 + 4A 3 - +
-1
2
) (1 + A
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F (s ) =
(1 + e )
-s
= 1 - 2e
-s
+ 3e - 2s - 4e -3s + -
f ( t ) = d 0 ( t ) - 2d 1 ( t ) + 3d 2 ( t ) - 4d 3 ( t ) + - =
( n + 1) ( -1) n d n ( t )
n =0
f ( t ) F ( s ) =
1
t -2
u 2 ( t ) e( ) sin 2 ( t - 2 ) (
2
u 2 ( t ) e(
t -2)
e- 2s
s 2 - 2s + 5
1
t +2
u 2 ( t ) e( ) sin 2 ( t + 2 ) (
2
u 2 ( t ) e(
sin 2 ( t - 2 ) (
t +2)
sin ( t + 2 ) (
. :
:
1
L -1
=L
2
s - 2s + 5
L -1 e
- 2s
1
= e
( s - 1)2 + 4 2
-1
sin 2t
1 ( t -2)
sin 2 ( t - 2 )
= u2 ( t ) e
2
s - 2s + 5
1
f ( t ) = ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) - ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t )
h ( t ) g ( t ) = f ( t )
.
h ( t ) = f ( t ) - u ( t ) g ( t - 1)
1
F (s ) =
e- s
s2
e - 2s
s2
. :
e- s - e - 2s
G ( s ) = sF ( s ) - f ( 0 ) = s
s2
e- s - e- 2s
s2
-0 =
e- s - e- 2s
s
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e - s - e - 2s e - s e - 2s e- 2s e- 3s
=
+
s
s
s
s2
s2
- e- s
e- s - e- 2s
s2
= ) H ( s ) = F ( s ) - e- s G ( s
) h ( t ) = ( t - 1) u1 ( t ) - ( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) - u 2 ( t ) + u 3 ( t
t = 1 ) . 1(.
t = 2
) . 0(.
t = 3 ) .
0 (.
.
e -3s
16s + 1
-1
( t - 3 ) 2 (
1
( t - 3 ) 2 (
= ) F ( s ) f ( t
) ( t -3
) ( t -3
u 3 ( t ) e16
u 3 ( t ) e 16
1
4 p
1
4 p
-1
( t - 3 ) 2 (
1
( t - 3 ) 2 (
1
) ( t -3
16
u3 ( t ) e
1
) - ( t -3
e 16
)u 3 (t
: .
1
4 p
1
4 p
-3s
1
16
= ) F (s
4 s+
1
G
t
-1
-1
1
1
1
1
1 2
2
-1
-1
-1
16
2
L
t
t
=
L
=e
=L
1 1
1
p
p
s
G
s
+
2 s2
16

-3s
-1
) - ( t -3
e
= 1 u 3 ( t ) e 16
L-1
t - 3) 2
(
1 4 p
4 s+
16
t<2
. 2 < t < 3
t>3
3e -3s
s2
e -2s
(
s
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f ( t ) = 1 - t
2t
8e -3s
(
s
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: .
t = 2-
t = 2+
t = 3-
t = 3+
) f ( t ) = -1u 2 ( t ) - 1( t - 2 ) u 2 ( t ) + 8u 3 ( t ) + 3 ( t - 3) u 3 ( t
-e-2s e-2s 8e-3s
e-3s
+
+3
s
s
s2
s2
. cos bx dx
- 2x
4-b2
2
4 + b2
xe
0
= ) F (s
= I
4-b 2
4b
4+b2
4+b2
4b
4+b2
: .
:
s=2
}xe-2x cos b x dx = L {x cos bx
=I
s + b - 2s
s -b
=
= 2
s 2 +b2
s2 +b2
2
2
s
2
2
s +b
d
ds
L {x cos bx} = -
:
4 - b2
2
) (4 + b
2
. F ( s ) = s - a - s - b
- e at (
) (
bt
- e -at
(e
- bt
1
3
2 pt
(e
1
3
2 pt
) (
)
- e at
bt
- e -at (
- bt
: .
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(e
pt
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1
2
(e
pt
1
2
s 2 - b2
s=2
+ b2
(s
=I
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F (s ) =
s-a -
1
1
G
G
1
1
1
2
2
F ( s ) =
=
-
1
1
2 s - a 2 s - b 2G 1
2 (s - a ) 2 (s - b ) 2

s-b
1
1
G
G
2
1 2
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = L-1
-
1
1
2G
s
a
s
b
2
2
(
)
(
)
2
1
f (t) =
e bt - e at
2 p t
3
2
bt
at
- tf ( t ) = 1 e - e
2 p t
t
f ( t ) G ( s ) g ( t ) g .

-e
-e
- 2 ( s + 1)
( G ( s + 1) + 2G ( s + 1) )
- 2 ( s - 1)
( G ( s - 1) - 2G ( s - 1) ) (
f (t)
t
= u 2 ( t ) e -t g ( -t + 2)
e - 2s ( G ( s ) - 2G ( s ) ) (
(
e
- 2 ( s + 1)
( G ( s + 1) - 2G ( s + 1) )
. :
: f ( t ) = tu 2 ( t ) e - t g ( - t + 2 )
L u 2 ( t ) g ( - t + 2 ) = e - 2s L g ( - ( t + 2 ) + 2 ) = e - 2s .L ( g ( - t ) ) = e - 2s .L ( -g ( t ) )
d
-e - 2s G ( s ) = - 2e - 2s G ( s ) + e - 2s G ( s )
ds
L t u 2 ( t ) g ( -t + 2) = -
G (s)
= -e
- 2s
= e - 2s ( G ( s ) - 2G ( s ) )
L e -t t u 2 ( t ) g ( -t + 2) = e
- 2 ( s + 1)
( G ( s + 1) - 2 G ( s + 1) )
( )
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1
ln ( s + 1) (
s
1
1
ln 1 + (
s
s
1
ln ( s - 1) (
s
+
t
e -x
dx .
x
1
1
ln 1 - (
s
s
. :
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: f ( t ) =
f (t) = -
-t
+
t
e -x
dx
x
- tf ( t ) = e - t
:
d
( sF ( s ) - f ( 0 ) ) = s 1+ 1
ds
d
( sF (s ) ) = s 1+ 1 d ( sF ( s ) ) = s ds+ 1
ds
sF ( s ) = ln ( s + 1) + c
: lim f ( t ) = lim s.F ( s )

t
lim f ( t ) =
t +
+
+
-x
s0
dx = 0
: lim ln ( s + 1) + c = 0
s0
1
F ( s ) = ln ( s + 1)
s
c = 0 sF ( s ) = ln ( s + 1)
f ( t ) = e t
2 ( s + 1)
2
s s + 2s + 2
2 ( s + 1)
( s - 1) s 2 - 2s + 2
te
0
- 2t
sin t dt .
2 ( s + 1)
( s - 1) ( s
+ 2s + 2
2 ( s - 1)
s 2 s 2 - 2s + 2
. :
L {sin t} =
1
-2s
L {t sint} = -
=2
2
s +1
s +1
s2 + 1
1
L e -2t .t sin t =
L e t
t
0
2 (s + 2)
((s + 2) + 1)
2
1
te - 2t sint dt =
s
-1
2s
1
te -2t sint dt =
s
0
((s - 1 + 2) + 1)
1
s -1
((s + 2) + 1)
2
2 ( s + 1)
((s + 1) + 1)
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2 (s + 2)
2 (s -1 + 2)
2
) (s + 1)
2
2 ( s + 1)
( s - 1) ( s2 + 2s + 2 )
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f ( t ) = ( 3t - p ) sin 2t . e t . u p ( t ) .
e
p (1-s )
6s
4p
+
2
(
2
s + 4 s + 4
L u p ( t )( 3t - p ) sin 2t e
}=e
-ps
. L ( 3 ( t + p ) - p ) sin 2 ( t + p ) e
= e-p s ep L {( 3t + 2p ) sin 2t}
=e
=e
p (1-s )
p (1-s )
- 4s
( -3)
s2 + 4
t +p
}=e
-ps
4p
+
(
s2 + 4
. :
L ( 3t + 2p ) sin 2t e t e p
2
p 1-s 2
= e ( ) -3
+ 2p
2
ss -1
s2 + 4
s + 4
+ 2p
2
s + 4
s s -1
12 ( s - 1)
( s - 1)2 + 4
+
(
( s - 1)2 + 4
4p
p 1+ s 12 ( s - 1)
e ( )
( s - 1)2 + 4
4p
p 1+ s 6s
e ( )
+
(
2
2
s + 4 s + 4
12 ( s - 1)
( s - 1)2 + 4
p (1-s )
s s -1
( s - 1)2 + 4
4p
L -1 ln
sn
.
( s - 1)( s - 2 ) ... ( s - n )
( ) (
n - e it
n - ( e it ) (
( e it ) - n
i =1
i =1
( e it ) - n
i =1
. :
F ( s ) = ln
F ( s ) = n
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-1
sn
= n ln s - ln ( s - 1) - ln ( s - 2 ) - - ln ( s - n )
( s - 1)( s - 2 ) ( s - n )
1
1
1
1
- s s -1 s - 2
s-n
( F ( s ) ) = - t f ( t )
:
t
n-e -e
2t
- - e
nt
= - t f (t)
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f (t) =
e +e
2t
+ ... + e
t
nt
-n
( e it ) - n
i =1
.
s + 4s + 5
F ( s ) = ln
1
1
f ( t ) = e -2t sin t - e- t (
t
2
s +1
1
1
f ( t ) = 2e -2t cos t - e- t (
t
2
1 1
f ( t ) = e-2t cos t + e- t (
t2
f (t) =
1
2e -2t cos t - e- t (
t
. :
s +1
F ( s ) = ln
= ln
s 2 + 4s + 5
F ( s ) =
) (
s + 1 - ln s 2 + 4s + 5 =
1
ln ( s + 1) - ln s 2 + 4s + 5
2
2 (s + 2)
1 1
2s + 4
1 1
=
2
2 s + 1 s + 4s + 5 2 s + 1 ( s + 2 )2 + 1
:
1
L ( F ( s ) ) = e - t - 2e -2t cos t = - t f ( t ) f ( t ) =
2
-1
( sin 3 t =
1
2e-2t cos t - e - t
2
t
3sin t - sin 3t
sin 3 t
: )f ( t ) =
.
4
t
3p
- tan -1 s + tan -1 3s (
4 2
1p
1
s
- tan -1 s - tan -1 (
4 3
3
3
1p
1
- tan -1 s + tan -1 3s (
4 2
3
3p
1
s
- tan -1 s + tan -1 (
4 3
3
3
. :
3
3sin t - sin 3t 1 1
L sin 3 t = L
= 3 2

2
4
4 s +1 s + 9
1
L sin 3 t =
t
3
4
1
1
3 -1
1
-1 s
2
ds = tan s - tan
2
4
3
3
s +1 s + 9
3 p 1 p -1
1
s
3 p
1
s
- tan s - tan -1 =
- tan -1 s + tan -1

4 2 3 2
3
3
4 3
3
3
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f ( t ) = e t
s + 2
ln
(
s +1
1 s + 2
ln
(
s s +1
1 - e -x
L e - 2x
Le t
e - 2x
s + 1
= ln

s
ss+2
1 - e -x
dx .
x
s + 3
1
ln
(
s -1 s + 2
. :
+
1
1 +
= {ln s - ln ( s + 1)}

s
s s + 1 s
s +1
s+3
= ln
s+2
e - 2x
1 s+3
1 - e- x
dx = ln
s s+2
x
1 s + 3
1 - e -x
1
s+2
dx = ln
ln
=
s s + 2 s s - 1 s - 1 s + 1
x

m -1
ln
(
n -1
e - 2x
s + 2
1
ln
(
s -1 s +1
1 - e -x
1
1
L
=
s s +1
x
s
s +
s
= ln
= ln1 - ln
= ln
s +1
s + 1 s
L 1 - e -x =
n -1
ln
(
m -1
1
0
xm - xn
dx m , n > 0 .
ln x
m +1
ln
(
n +1
( )
n +1
ln
(
m +1
. :
: - ln x = t
+
+
dx
x = 0 t = - ln 0 = - ( - ) = +
= dt dx = - x dt = - e- t dt ,
x
x = 1 t = - ln (1) = 0
I=
(e ) - (e )
-t
-t
-t
( - e dt ) =
-t
+
0
e - nt - e - mt
e- nt - e - mt - t
e dt = L
t
t

s =1
:
e- nt - e- mt
L
+
s
s + n
1
1
s + n - s + m ds = ln s + m
+
s
s+n
s+m
= ln1 - ln
= ln
s+m
s+n
:
s+m
I = ln
s+n
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1+ m
= ln
1+ n
s =1
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J (s) = 1 1
J ( t ) J ( 0 ) = 0 d t - n J ( t ) = - t - n J
2
1
n
n + 1 ( t ) .
dt
s 2 +1
2 1 + s2 - s +
1+ s
1
2 1 + s 2 - 2s +
1 + s2
1 + s2 - s +
2 1 + s 2 - 2s -
1
1 + s2
1
1 + s2
(
(
. :
d -1
t J1 ( t ) = - t -1J 2 ( t ) - t -2 J1 ( t ) + t -1J1 ( t ) = - t -1J 2 ( t )
dt
1
J 2 ( t ) = t -1J1 ( t ) - J1 ( t ) L ( J 2 ( t ) ) = L J1 ( t ) - L ( J1 ( t ) )
t
n =1
L J 2 (t) =
( (
L J 1 ( t ) ds - sL J 1 ( t ) - J 1 ( 0 )
s
ds - s 1
s
1 + s2

1
= -s + 1 + s 2 - s + 1 + s 2 =2
1 + s2
L ( J2 ( t )) =
s
1
1 + s2
- J1 ( 0 ) = s - 1 + s 2
1
1 + s 2 - 2s 1 + s2

16 - a 2
ln
16
I=
16 + a 2
ln
16
16 + a 2
ln
-s+
e - 4t
s2 + 1 - 1
1 + s2
1 - cosh at
dt .
t
16 - a 2
ln
. :
e - 4t
1 - cosh at
1 - cosh at
dt = L
t
t
s=4
:
1
s
L {1 - cosh at} = s s2 - a 2
1
L (1 - cosh at ) =
t
1
s
1
2
2
- 2
ds = ln s - ln s - a
2
2
s s -a
= ln1 - ln
s
s2 - a 2
= ln
s -a
s
= ln

s 2 - a 2
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:
s2 - a 2
I = ln
16 - a 2
= ln
4
s=4
.
2
( s + 1) s + 4
L-1
1
-1 - t 2
e + sin 2t + cos 2t (
5
5
5
4
-1 - t 1
e + cos 2t + sin 2t (
5
5
5
-1 t 2
1
e + sin t + cos 2t (
5
5
5
-1 t 1
4
e + cos 2t + sin 2t (
5
5
5
. :
2
A
Bs + C A s + 4 + ( Bs + C )( s + 1)
=
+
=
( s + 1) s2 + 4 s + 1 s2 + 4
( s + 1) s 2 + 4
A + B = 0
-1
1
4
A=
, B= , C=
B + C = 1
5
5
5
4A + C = 0
= L-1 1 -1 + s + 4 = 1 -e- t + cos 2t + 2sin 2t

L

2
2
5 s + 1 s + 4 5
( s + 1) s + 4
-1
)
:
s
1
L-1
= e- t , L-1
= cos 2t
s +1
s2 + 4
:
:
1
s
f ( t ) = L-1
= e - t * cos 2t =
( s + 1) s 2 + 4
- t -l
e ( ) cos 2ldl = e - t
el cos 2ldl
: I =
el cos 2l dl
el
1
1
1
1
I = el sin 2l + cos 2l - I I = el ( 2sin 2l + cos 2l )
4
5
2
4
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el
el
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cos 2l
1
sin 2l
2
1
- cos 2l
4
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el
f ( t ) = e - t ( 2sin 2l + cos 2l )
5
e t
1
1
2
1
= e- t ( 2sin 2t + cos 2t ) - = - e - t + sin 2t + cos 2t
5
5
5
5
5
F ( s ) =
(s
+ 4s + 13
1 - 2t
e
( sin 3t + 3t cos 3t ) (
54
1 - 2t
e
( sin 3t - 3t cos 3t ) (
54
1 - 2t
e
( sin 3t + 3t cos 3t ) (
18
1 - 2t
e
( sin 3t - 3t cos 3t ) (
18
. :
F (s ) =
(s
+ 4s + 13
(s + 2)
1
2
+ 9 (s + 2)
+9
: L -1
(s + 2) 2
1
1
L -1 ( F ( s ) ) = e - 2t sin 3t * e - 2t sin 3t =
3
3
=
=
1
9
e - 2t
1 - 2l
1 -2 t - l )
e
sin 3l . e (
sin 3 ( t - l ) dl
3
3
t
1
e - 2t sin ( 6l - 3t )
- l cos 3t
cos ( 6l - 3t ) - cos ( 3t ) ) dl =
(
0
2
18
6
- 2t
- 2t
sin 3t
e
sin 3t
e
sin 3t
- t cos 3t - - 0 =
- t cos 3t
18 6
6
18 3

f ( t ) = sin at ( a > 0 ) .
( )
ps
tanh (
a
s +a
ps
coth (
2a
s +a
1
= e - 2t sin 3t
+ 9 3
ps
tanh (
2a
s +a
a
ps
coth (
a
s +a
a
. :
: p =
F (s ) =
1
p
- s
1- e a
p
a
0
p

a
e -st sin at dt
. sin at
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: I =
I=-
e-st
s -st
s2
cos at e sin at I
a
a2
a2
s
1 +
a2
I=
- se -st
( -a cos at - s sin at )
s2 + a 2
e-st
s
I = e - st - cos at - 2 sin at
a
a
e-st
e-st sin at dt
s 2 e - st
sin at
1
- cos at
a
-
1
a2
sin at
:
p
a
F (s ) =
1- e
=
p
- s
a
a
2
s +a
=-
1- e
p
- s
a
p
s
e 2a
+e
p
s
2a
e
p
- s
2a
-e
p
s
2a
-ps
ae a
a
+
2
2
2
s + a2
s +a
a
2
s +a
coth
1
a
=
p
2
2
- s s +a
1- e a
- s
1 + e a
p
s
2a
x ( t ) = t +
t
0
x ( t - l ) e- l dl .

1
(
2
2 (
.(
1 (
. :
x (t) = t +
t
0
x ( t - l ) . e- l dl x ( t ) = t + x ( t ) * e- t
:
X (s ) =
X (s ) =
1
s
+ X (s)
s +1
s3
1
s2
1
1 1
X ( s ) 1 =
s +1
s + 1 s2
+
1
s3
x (t) = t +
s + 1 -1 1
X (s )
=
s + 1 s2
t2
2
x ( t ) = 1 + t
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. ( t > 0 )
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f ( t ) = t , g ( t ) = cos 3t .
1
( t + sin 3t ) (
9
1
( t - sin 3t ) (
9
1
(1 - cos 3t ) (
9
1
(1 + cos 3t ) (
9
. :
( f * g )( t ) =
( t - l ) cos 3 l dl
t -l
cos 3l
-1
1
sin 3l
3
1
- cos 3l
9
:
1
t -l
sin 3l - cos 3l
( f * g )( t ) =
3
9
l= t
=
l= 0
1
-1
cos 3t +
9
9
:
L ( ( f * g )( t ) ) = F ( s ) G ( s ) =
1
s
1 1
=
s s2 + 9
( f * g )( t ) = L-1
s
2
s +9
t
0
1 1
s s2 + 9
1
1
sin 3t dt = - cos 3 t
3
9
y ( t ) y ( t ) + y ( t ) = cos t +
t
0
-1
1
cos 3t +
9
9
( t - l ) y ( l ) dl
, y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0 .
Y (1) Y ( s )
1
(
2
1
(
5
1
(
4
1
(
3
. :
:
y ( t ) + y ( t ) = cos t + ( t * y ( t ) )
(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) = s s+ 1 + s1 (sY (s ) - y ( 0))
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:
3
s + s -1
s
s2
Y (s ) =
Y (s ) =
s
s2 + 1
s 2 + 1 s3 + s 2 - 1
1
s
2
s + s - s Y (s ) = 2
s +1
Y (1) =
(1 + 1)(1 + 1 - 1)
)(
1
2
y ( x ) = x + e x
x
0
y ( t ) e - t d t .
1 1
1
- x + e 2x (
4 2
4
1 1
1 2x
y = - + x + e (
2 4
4
1 1
1
+ x + e2x (
4 2
4
1 1
1 2x
y = + x + e (
2 4
4
y=
y=-
. :
: e x
y(x) = x +
y ( t ) .e x - t d t y ( x ) = x + y ( x ) * e x
)
:
Y (s ) =
Y (s ) =
1
s
+ Y (s)
1
1 1
Y ( s ) 1 =
s -1
s - 1 s2
s -1-1 1
Y (s )
=
s - 1 s2
s -1
(s - 2)
:
s -1
s2 ( s - 2 )
As ( s - 2 ) + B ( s - 2 ) + Cs 2
A B
C
+ +
=
s s2 s - 2
s2 ( s - 2 )
A + C = 0
-2A + B = 1
-2B = -1
A=-
1
4
, B=
1
2
, C=
1
4
:
Y (s ) =
1
1
1
4 + 2 + 4
s
s2 s - 2
y(x) = -
1 1
1
+ x + e2x
4 2
4
:
y(x) = x + e x
-e
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-x
y+e
-x
y ( t ) e - t dt e - x y ( x ) = xe - x +
y = - xe
-x
+e
-x
+ ye
-x
y ( t ) e - t dt
- y + y = - x + 1 + y y - 2y = 1 - x
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y(x) = e
- 2 dx
(1 - x ) dx + c = e 2x
- 2 dx
(1 - x ) e -2x dx + c
: I =
1 - x ) e - 2x dx
1- x
- (1 - x ) 1 - 2x
I=
+ e
2
4
y(x) =
x -1 1
+ + ce 2x
2
4
-1
e - 2x
1
- e - 2x
2
1 - 2x
e
4
: y ( 0 ) = 0 + e 0
0=
0 -1 1
+ + ce 0
2
4
y(x) =
c=
0
0
y ( t ) e - t dt = 0
1
4
x 1 1 2x
- + e
2 4 4
y + 4y = 3sin 2t
y cos 2t t cos 2t
.
y ( 0 ) = 2 , y ( 0 ) = -1
-1 -3
(
8
4
{s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)} + 4Y (s ) = 3 s 2+ 4
2
Y (s ) =
2s
2
s +4
1
2
s +4
(s
-1
0 (
8
2 0 (
)(
+ 4 s2 + 4
(s
+ 4 Y (s ) =
1
3
= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
4
t
0
t
0
-3
(
4
. :
:
6
2
s +4
+ 2s - 1
1
6
1
3
y ( t ) = 2 cos 2t - sin 2t + ( sin 2t *sin 2t ) = 2 cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
4
2
2
1
3
= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t +
2
4
sin 2l sin2 ( t - l ) dl
{cos ( 2l - 2 ( t - l )) - cos ( 2l + 2 ( t - l ))} dl

{cos ( 4l - 2t ) - cos 2t} dl
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t
l=0
1
3 1
= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t + sin ( 4l - 2t ) - l cos 2t

2
4 4
1
3 1
1
3
-1
= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t + sin 2t - t cos 2t - sin 2t = 2 cos 2t - sin 2t - t cos 2t

2
4 4
4
8
4

. sin ( t - l ) . y ( l ) dl
-1 (
t
0
-2 (
y ( t ) = e t + ) y ( t e t
1 (
2 (
: .
:
) y ( t ) = e t + sin t * y ( t
:
s2
1
1
1
1
1
+
.Y ( s ) Y ( s ) 1=
Y (s )
2
2
s -1 s 2 +1
s
1
s
1
s
1
+
s +1
s 2 +1
)s 2 ( s - 1
= ) Y (s
= ) Y (s
:
A B
C
+ +
2
s s
s -1
s - 1 :
+C
)B ( s - 1
s2
)A ( s - 1
s
s +1
)( s - 1
=
s2 + 1
2
s = 1 :
2 = 0+0+C
) y ( t 2e t .
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1
1
s s 1 - e -s
( P
= ) F ( s
e t cos 4t + e t sin 4t (
s
.
dt (
2
s -1s
1- et
2pt
+s
- 2s
s2
6s - 4
L-1
s 2 - 4s + 20
2e t cos 4t + 2e t sin 4t (
e3t cos 4t + e3t sin 4t (
) (
P 6e2t cos 4t + 2e2t sin 4t (
L -1
dt (
1- et
2pt
t
0
dt (
1- et
2 pt
dt (
1- et
2 pt
t
0
(e
= ) F ( s ) f ( t
( t = 0 t = 2 P t = 4
( t = 0 t = 2
t = 4
( t = 0 t = 2 t = 4
( t = 0 t = 2
t = 4
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f ( t ) = te - t cos 2t .
s 2 + 2s + 3
s 2 + 2s + 5
s 2 - 2s + 5
s 2 - 2s + 3
s 2 + 2s - 3
s 2 + 2s + 5
s 2 - 2s - 5
s 2 - 2s + 3
0 < t <1
0
.
2
( t - 1) t 1
f ( t ) =
( )
s3
2
s +1
2
s
e - s (
s 3 e - s (
s e - s (
f .
( )
y + y = f ( t )
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 0
y=
y=
t
0
t
0
f ( z ) cos ( t - z ) dz (
- t-z
f ( z ) e ( ) cos ( t - z ) dz (
P y=
y=
t
0
t
0
- t-z
f ( z ) e ( ) sin ( t - z ) dz (
p
(
3
p
(
3
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Arc tan s -
p
(
2
P Arc tan
1
(
s
x2
- ln x
3
(
p
- Arc tan
3p
- t -4
u 4 ( t ) e ( ) (
- t -4
- u 4 ( t ) e ( ) (
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sin t
.
t
1
(
s
F ( s ) =
dx .
1
f ( t ) =
( )
f ( z ) sin ( t - z ) dz (
- Arc tan s (
e - 4s
s 2 ( s + 1)
(
( t )(e (
)
) + t - 4 (
)
- t -4
P u 4 ( t ) e ( ) + t - 5 (
u4
- t -4
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F ( s ) =
e
-3 ( t - 2 )
u 2 (t)e
sin 3 ( t - 2 ) (
-3( t - 2 )
P u 2 (t)e
-3 ( t - 2 )
P 2 ln 2 (
sin 3 ( t - 2 ) (
-3( t - 2 )
s 2 + 6s + 10
sin ( t - 2 ) (
( )
2 ln 3 (
e - 2s
sin ( t - 2 ) (
e - x - e - 4x
dx .
x
ln 3 (
ln 2 (
.
1 e -s 1
(
s 2s s 2
1
2s 2
P
1
2s 2
(e
(e
-s
F ( s ) =
1
cos ht cos t (
2
(e
F ( s ) =
P
1
2p
1
2
3t
2
1
2p
t2e
3t
2
2p
1
2
3t
2
: y ( x ) = e x +
( )
xe
2x
- 2x
s2 + 2
s4 + 4
1
cos ht sin t (
2
P cos ht sin t (
-x
1
2s + 3
2 (
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e -s 1
+ (
2s s
-s
-1 +
1
(
s
.
1
1
2p
t 2e
3t
2
e x - t y ( t ) dt .
f ( 0 ) F ( s ) =
-2 (
e -s
(
2s
cos ht cos t (
(
x
-1 -
-1 -
1
2s
-s
P -4 (
P e 2x (
8s 2 - 4s + 12
s 3 + 4s
.
4 (
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e - 2t f ( t - 1) u 1 ( t ) L {f ( t )} = F ( s ) .
- s + 2)
P e (
F ( s + 2 ) (
- s - 2)
e (
F ( s - 2 ) (
e - s F ( s + 2 ) (
- s + 2)
e (
F ( s ) (
s2 + 4
.
2
s
s
1
+
F ( s ) = ln
P f (t) =
1 + cos t - 2 cos 2t
(
t
f (t) =
t + cos t - 2 cos 2t
(
2
f (t) = -
1 + cos t - 2 cos 2t
(
t
f (t) = -
t + cos t - 2 cos 2t
(
2
0t<c
.
1 t < 2c
1
0
f ( t ) f ( t + 2c ) = f ( t ) f ( t ) =
( )
s 1 + e - 2sc
s 1 + e -sc
1 - e -sc
s 1 + e -sc
1
1 - e - 2s
1
1 - e 2s
-e -s 1 - e -s
+
s
s2
- e -s 1 + e -s
+
s
s2
s 1 + e - 2sc
0 <t <1
.
1<t < 2
t
0
f ( t + 2 ) = f ( t ) , f ( t ) =
P
1 - e -sc
1
1 - e - 2s
-e -s
e -s
s
s2
1 - e -s
s2
1
1 - e - 2s
L-1 ( F ( s ) tanh ( cs ) ) L-1 ( F ( s ) ) = f ( t ) .

f (t) + 2
n =1
f (t) +
n =1
f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (
P f (t) + 2
f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (
f (t) +
( )
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3
(
25
( -1)n f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (

n =1
( -1)n f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (

n =1
2
(
25
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t e- 2t cos t dt .
2
(
25
-3
(
25
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t <4
0
2
t
f ( t ) =
t>4
2
8
16
P e - 4s
+
+
(
3
2
s
s
s
2
8
16
e - 4s
+
(
3
2
s
s
s
2
8
16
e - 4s
(
3
2
s
s
s
2
8
16
e - 4s
+
(
3
2
s
s
s

1
- ln 2 (
2
P ln 2 (
cos t - cos 2t
dt .
t
1
ln 2 (
2
- ln 2 (
f ( t ) = t u 2 ( t ) sin
s
p
p
(
P -e - 2s
+
2
2 p2
2
2 p
s +
s +

4
e - 2s
2s
p
s2 +
p2
4
- F ( s - 1) (
ps
-e - 2s
2 p2
s +
p
ps
(
-e - 2s
2
2 p2
2
p
s +
s 2 +

4
g ( t ) = te -( t + cos t ) F ( s ) f ( t ) = e P - F ( s + 1) (
pt
.
2
F ( s + 1) (
.
F ( s - 1) (
f ( t ) tf ( t ) = e - t g ( t ) .
G ( s + 1) ds (
G ( s - 1) ds (
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G ( s + 1) ds (
G ( s - 1) ds (
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s2 -1
= ) ) L ( tf ( t f ( t ) dt
0
s2 + s +1
t
1
L
t
s + 1
tan -1
(
3
2
p
- tan -1 ( s + 1) (
2
3 p
s + 1
- tan -1
(
3
2 2
2s + 1
2 p
- tan -1
(
3 2
3
1 -4t t
e
. ) f ( t ) F ( s f
4
4
1
F ( 4s + 3) (
16
P F ( 4s + 3) (
. at
3
2
cos
a2
s3 - a 3
. x a ln 2 x dx
, a > -1 (
, a > 0 (
2
1
0
( a + 1)3
1
- at
+ 2e 2
3s 2
s3 - a 3
at

1
3
F 4s + (
16
4
F 4s + (
4
f ( t ) = e
s2
s3 - a 3
3a 2
s3 - a 3
a
, a > -1 (
, a > 0 (
( a + 1)3
)( a + 1
1
)( a + 1
) (1 - e
= ) F ( s ) f ( t
-2s
s2
( P
(
( .
( .
4e -3s
e-3s
e-2s
8e-s
10
= ) F ( s ) f ( t t > 3 f
+
+
.
s
s
3
s2
s2
3,3 (
3, 4 (
P 4,3 (
4, 4 (
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17
(
25
13
(
25
xe- x sin 2 x dx .
11
(
25
14
(
25
f ( t ) = e- t .
2F ( s ) + sF ( s ) - 1 = 0 (
P 2F ( s ) - sF ( s ) + 1 = 0 (
2F ( s ) - sF ( s ) - 1 = 0 (
2F ( s ) + sF ( s ) = 0 (
f ( t ) f ( t ) = cos t +
t
0
f ( t - a ) e - 2a da .
3
cos t (
2
1
- e - t (
2
1
sin t (
2
P .(
y - 9y = e 3t
.
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
t + y ( t )
1 3t
t
e + e 3t (
8
6
1 3t
t
e + e 3t (
36
6
1 3t
t
e - e 3t (
8
6
f ( t ) =
t
0
s 1
ln
s 2 + 1
2
s
+
1
1
P
cot -1 s (
2
s s +1
F (s ) =
0 (
(s + 1)
s
2
p (
f .
2
P
p
(
4
f ( t ) =
p
(
2
e3t - e2t
2
1 3t
t
e + e 3t (
36
6
1 - cos l
sin ( t - l ) dl .
t -l
2
ln s + 1 1 (
s s2 + 1
1
tan -1 s (
2
s s +1
3
pt 2
s - 2 - s - 3 (
s - 3 - s - 2 (
s-2
1
s-3
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s-3
1
s-2
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y - 6y + 11y - 6y = 0
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = 0
y ( t ) e 2t
5
(
2
2 (
3
(
2
P 4 (
f ( 0 ) F ( s ) =
-1 (
P -3 (
s 3 + 3s
s 4 + 6s 2 + 25
0 (
.
1 (
t 0 < t <1
y - y =
e t > 1
0 t > 1 .
y 0 = 0 , y 0 = 1
( )
( )
t
2-
1
(
e
P 2-
2
(
e
1-
2
(
e
2+
2
(
e
y + y = te t
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 0
y ( t ) e t
-
1+ t
(
2
1- t
(
2
t -1
(
2
t +1
(
2
.
P
1
1 - e-2ps
p -ps e -ps 1
+ (
- e
s2
s 2
s
e-ps
1 - e-2ps
p 1 eps
- + 2 + 2 (
s
s s
e-ps
1- e
-2 ps
e-ps
1 - e-2ps
p 1 p
2 - 2 - s (
s
s
p eps 1
- - 2 + 2 (
s
s s
f ( t ) t F ( s ) =
1
(
9
1
(
9
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1
(
3
1
s
( s - 3)
P -
1
(
3
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( y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0 ) y - y + y - y = g ( t ) .
1
2
t
0
t
0
el + cos l - sin l g ( t - l ) dl (
el + cos l + sin l g ( t - l ) dl (
1
2
t
0
t
0
(e
(e
- cos l - sin l g ( t - l ) dl (
- cos l + sin l g ( t - l ) dl (
g ( t ) = cos t f ( t ) = e t .
P
1 t
e + cos t - sin t (
2
1 -t
e + sin t + cos t (
2
1 t
e - cos t + sin t (
2
1 t
e + cos t + cos t (
2
f ( t ) = t 2 cosh 3t .
2s s 2 + 27
(s + 9)
) (
( ) (
(s - 9)
s s 2 + 27
2
( ) (
(s - 9)
s s 2 - 27
2s s 2 + 27
(s - 9)
2
) (
y + 4y = 4t
.
y
2
y ( 0 ) = 1 , y ( 0 ) = 5
p -1
(
2
p +1
(
2
p
- 1 (
2
e 5t f ( t ) F ( s ) =
-
1
(
576
1
(
576
p
+ 1 (
2
1
.
s
1
s
2
( )( ) ( s - 10 )
1
(
2880
P -
1
(
2880
ty + ( 2t + 3) y + ( t + 3) y = 3e- t
.
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0

P Y ( s ) -
-3
1
Y (s ) =
(
s +1
( s + 1)3
Y ( s ) +
-3
1
Y (s ) =
(
s +1
( s + 1)3
Y ( s ) -
-3
1
Y (s) =
(
s +1
( s + 1)2
Y ( s ) +
-2
1
Y (s) =
(
s +1
( s + 1)2
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y - 2y = f ( t )
0<t<p
2p f
.
p < t < 2p
y ( 0 ) = 0, y ( 0 ) = 1
2sin t
f (t) =
0
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s = 1 y ( t )
-
e-p - 1
e -p - 2
e-p - 1
e-p - 2
P -
e -p - 2
e-p - 1
e-p - 2
e-p - 1
y + y = d ( t - p ) - d ( t - 2p )
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 1

sin t
P 0
- sin t
0<t 2p
sin t
2sin t
sin t
0<t 2p
sin t
0
- cos t
0<t 2p
e - t sin 2t F ( s ) =
2
(
5
P -
1
(
10
1
2
s s + 4s + 5
2
(
5
f ( 2 ) 2 t =
P 1 (
t
0
f (l)
t-l
1
(
2
2 (
1
(
5
dl .
2 (
0 t <1
t
y + 4y =
t 1
.
y ( p )
1
y 0 = y 0 = 0
( )
( )
1 1
- sin 2 (
2 4
1
-
1
2
1 1
- sin 2 (
2 8
y(t)
e 2 (
1 1
- sin 2 (
4 2
1 1
- sin 2 (
4 8
y + 2y + 2y = k dp ( t )
.
k
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
1
2
e 4 (
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2e 2 (
2e 4 (
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y + 3y - 4y = te t
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 0
y e t
1 t2 t 1
+ - (
5 2 5 25
1 t2 t 1
+ - (
5 5 2 25
1 t2 t 1
- + (
5 5 2 25
1 t2 t 1
- + (
5 2 5 25
y - y = 2 cos t
a .
2
y ( 0) = a

a=-
4
(
3
a = 0 (
2p
y

3
1 +e
2
2p
3
P 1+ e
p
3
P a=-
4
(
5
y + y = cos x +
sin ( x - t ) y ( t ) dt
.
y ( 0 ) = 0 , y ( 0 ) = 1
1 1- e
2
2p
3
1- e
p
3
y - y = e t cos 2t
.
y ( 0 ) = y ( 0 ) = 0
e t sin 2t e t
1
,1 (
10
1
,1 (
5
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1
, 0 (
10
1
, 0 (
5
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Laplas Parse

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Laplas Parse

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) f ( t ) u a ( t ) - u b ( t t > b t < a a < t < b ) t ( t

)p(t) u 0 (t) - u a (t) + q(t) u a (t) - u b (t) + r (t) u b (t

f * (t) = u 0 (t) - u1 (t) t + u1 (t) - u 2 (t) 1

( ) lim f ( t ) lim s F (s.

( ) lim f ( t ) lim s F (s.

lim f ( t ) = lim sF ( s ) = lim

lim f ( t ) = lim sF ( s ) = lim

lim f ( t ) = lim s 2 F ( s ) - sf ( 0 ) = lim

lim f ( t ) = lim s 3 F ( s ) - s 2 f ( 0 ) - sf ( 0 ) = lim 1 - e -s = 1 - 0 = 1

sin t - sin 2t dt = - cos t + cos 2t

= be -at cos t + ( c - ab ) e -at sin t

f ( t ) = u 0 ( t ) - u 2p ( t ) sin t + u 2p ( t )( sin t + cos t ) = u 0 ( t ) sin t + u 2p ( t ) cos t

(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 3 (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 2Y (s ) = e

= 1 + e -s + e -2s + e -3s + e -4s +

(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) - dsd (s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 2 dsd (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 2Y (s ) = 0

sin t 0 < t < 2

l sin at - cos ( 2al - at )

lim f ( t ) = lim s F ( s ) = lim s

lim f ( t ) = lim sF ( s ) = lim

y = A -2e - 2x cos x - e - 2x sin x + B -2e - 2x sin x + e - 2x cos x

= y ( t ) = A cos t + Bsin t + Ce 3t + De -2t

(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + 2 (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) + 5Y (s ) = 0

) (s2 X (s ) - sx ( 0) - x ( 0)) + 2 (sX (s ) - x ( 0)) + X (s ) = F (s

y" + 4y = 4 cos 2t ) ( 4 cos 2t

y = A cos 2t + Bsin 2t + t sin 2t

}xe-2x cos b x dx = L {x cos bx

: lim f ( t ) = lim s.F ( s )

= e-p s ep L {( 3t + 2p ) sin 2t}

= L-1 1 -1 + s + 4 = 1 -e- t + cos 2t + 2sin 2t

(s Y (s ) - sy ( 0) - y ( 0)) + (sY (s ) - y ( 0)) = s s+ 1 + s1 (sY (s ) - y ( 0))

{cos ( 2l - 2 ( t - l )) - cos ( 2l + 2 ( t - l ))} dl

= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t + sin ( 4l - 2t ) - l cos 2t

= 2 cos 2t - sin 2t + sin 2t - t cos 2t - sin 2t = 2 cos 2t - sin 2t - t cos 2t

e3t cos 4t + e3t sin 4t (

P 6e2t cos 4t + 2e2t sin 4t (

L-1 ( F ( s ) tanh ( cs ) ) L-1 ( F ( s ) ) = f ( t ) .

( -1)n f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (

( -1)n f ( t - 2nc ) u 2nc ( t ) (

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