HVDC

(High Voltage Direct Current Power Transmissions)

, ysil72@hotmail.com

HVAC (High Voltage Alternating Current)

(Power Grid)


(HVAC: High Voltage Alternating Current)

- (Inductive) (Capacitive)

(HVDC: High
Voltage Direct Current)

HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current)

HVDC

HVAC
HVDC
*

-

- (Inductive) (Capacitive)

Skin Effect
-

- HVDC

()
(AC Grid)


HVDC
*

HVDC


- ..1882: 2,000 V 50 .

Miesbach Munich

- .. 190: Hewitts Mercury Vapour
- .. 1941: HVDC 60 MW

Berlin


- ..1945: HVDC

Gotland

- ..1970:



HVDC
- ..1979:

?600 kV, 6,300 MW Itaipu

HVDC
- ..1979:




ABB
?600 kV, 6,300 MW Itaipu

- ..1985: HVDC Itaipu
3,150MW

- ..1987: HVDC Itaipu

3,150MW
* HVDC

HVDC

 1
HVDC
HVDC




HVDC HVAC





HVDC
HVAC
HVDC
HVDC

HVAC HVDC AC DC
DC AC
( HVAC
) HVAC
HVDC

HVDC HVAC

2 HVAC HVDC

 HVDC

HVAC Break-even

Distance
500800 .
HVAC
HVDC
HVAC


HVDC
*
HVDC


HVAC

HVDC

( ) HVAC

3
HVAC ()

HVDC ()
1,000 MW

3 HVAC ()
HVDC ()

1,000 MW

HVDC

HVAC
(Audible Noise)
-
-
- (EMC)

-
(Return Path)
(Monopolar)

HVDC

*
HVDC

 4


Vd1 Vd2

Vd1 Vd2
* The Dual Converter Back-to-Back Converter

SCR GTO
Dual Converter


DC Reactor
(
)
V-I Plane ( )
( )





Dual Converter 4
( )
)
Converter Mode ( ) Inverter Mode (

Dual Converter AC

5 Dual Converter

*

(Monopolar Long-distance
Transmissions)

(Return Path)
6

 6 Monopolar

7 Monopolar

7

*
(Bipolar Long-distance Transmissions)
Bipolar
(Common Low Voltage Return Path)
(Unbalance Current)

(Configuration)

Monopolar (Single Pole)

Bipolar

50%






Bipolar
Monopolar

( )

*




(Bipolar with Ground Return Path)

Bipolar

 8 Bipolar






9

9 Bipolar


Converter

Converter (

) 10

 Converter
10 Bipolar

*

(Bipolar with dedicated metallic ground return path for
monopolar operation)

11

11 Bipolar


Monopolar

*

(Bipolar without dedicated return path for monopolar operation)

Bipolar Monopolar

 12 Bipolar
Monopolar


Monopolar
Converter

HVDC
(
)
6
HVDC

Converter Mode AC DC DC

AC

Inverter Mode

HVDC

HVDC

(SCR GTO)

SCR

Anode (A), Cathode (K), Gate (G)

(Triggering

A
K

signal)
G


K SCR
GTO
G

SCR


(SCR )
6
13 SCR
SCR 2

 13 SCR
SCR



SCR


SCR 1, 3, 5 SCR
( A) SCR
V12
4, 6, 2 SCR
( B)
(V1-V2) V1 Q1
V2 Q6

V12
V31 (V3-V1) V3
Q5 V1
Q4

V31

SCR
Q1+Q2, Q2+Q3, Q3+Q4, Q4+Q5,
Q5+Q6, Q6+Q1

( )
SCR

V1 V3 0 (


0
0)

0 SCR
( )

) ( )
(





Converter Mode




90
0



0

90






( )
) Inverter Mode
(

VS RMS

SCR

HVDC
Converter Mode Inverter Mode
DC
Reactor

14

6

14

6
12
(Ripple)
6
6
(6x50 = 300 Hz
)

DC Reactor

12



12
6

15

 15 12

30 (
6
60 )

12
(12x50 = 600 Hz )

600 Hz
6
300 Hz

16

12

 16 12


6 14

12







6


(Ripple)


6
DC Reactor

18 24

20 15
Line-commutated Current Source
Converter (CSC)
HVDC

HVDC

- 2545 (

2523

-
1
HVAC

-
2
30-80 MW)
HVDC

300 kV, 300 MW
-
HVDC

(Tenaga National Berhard: TNB)

(EGAT)



24 . 86 .

110 .

Monopolar 300 MW
HVDC


600

MW
Bipolar
HVDC 300 MW
(300 kV, 1,000 A) 450 MW 10
HVDC

100 mH,
(Single Core)

Converter 3x116 MVA, 1 3

230/122.24/122.24 kV
: EGAT 230 kV; 50 Hz

: TNB 275 kV, 50 Hz

+/- 300 kV

8 kV, 1,550 A
1,152
Passive ( 12/24)

Active (
6/15/21/24/27/33/42/48)

DC, 110 .
(Pole Conductor): 546 ..
(Neutral Conductor): 298 ..
4,980
Siemens AG, Germany

17 HVDC

[Online]. Available from:
*

http://www.ppa.egat.co.th/F-INTER/malaysia.htm [2008, February 1]