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Contents
1 Classical Mechanics
3 Optics
5 Quantum Mechanics
6 Special Relativity
7 Electronics
8 Special Topics
10
Classical Mechanics
Equations
Kinematics:
1
x = v0 t + at2
2
v 2 = v02 + 2ad
v = +at
v0 + vf
x =
t
2
Newtons Second Law:
F = ma
Momentum:
P = mv
Centripetal Acceleration:
ac = 2 r
= mr 2
2
=
T
= mgh
m1 m2
= G
R
= W
Kinetic Energy:
1
mv 2
2
p2
2m
1 2
I
2
Uk =
Uk =
Ukrotational =
Parallel Axis Theorem:
I = Icom + M h2
Work:
Z
F s
W =
Moment of Inertia (Point Mass):
I = M R2
Schwarzschild Radius:
Re =
2GM
c2
Lagrangian:
L=T V
Hamiltonian:
H =T +V
Angular Frequency:
=
2
T
s
k
m
SHO =
Period of a SHO:
r
T = 2
m
k
CLASSICAL MECHANICS
Equations
Maxwells Equations:
0
~
B = 0
~
~ = B
E
t
~ =
E
~
~ = 0 J~ + 0 0 E
B
t
Coulombs Law:
U
1 dQ
40 R
1 q1 q2
40 R
1 q1 q2
40 R2
Hookes Law:
F = kx
Faradays Law of Induction
dB
|| = N
dt
Magnetic Flux:
Z Z
~ r, t) dA
B(~
B =
S
Malus Law:
1
I = c0 E02 cos2 ()
2
Gauss Law:
~ dA
~= q
E
0
Larmor Formula:
P =
q 2 a2
60 c3
Lorentz Force:
~
F = q ~v B
Hall Voltage:
VH =
IB
dne
Optics
Equations
Photoelectric Equation:
Uk = h
Snells Law:
n2
sin(1 )
=
sin(2 )
n1
n-slit constructive interference:
d sin(n ) = n
n-slit destructive interference:
1
d sin(n ) = n +
2
Photon Energy:
E = h
hc
E =
2
2nd = m +
Light speed through a medium:
v=
1
Traveling wave:
2
y(x, t) = A sin
(x vt)
Drift velocity:
vd =
i
nqA
Compton Equation:
0 =
h
(1 cos())
mp c
OPTICS
Equations
Rydberg Formula:
1
1
1
2
= R
2
n 1 n2
= RZ
1
1
2
2
n1 n2
Moseleys Law:
1
K
= R (Z )
1
1
2
2
n 1 n2
Rydberg Energy:
me e4 Z 2
2 n2
2
h
1
1
E = E0
21 2
1
1
E = n(13.6 eV )
21 22
E =
Heat Capacity:
Q
T
Q
T
S
T
T
Q
U
=
T V
T V
Q
H
=
T p
T p
C =
C =
C =
CV
Cp =
Heat:
Q = cmT
First Law of Thermodynamics:
dU
= dQ + dW
dU
= dQ P dV
W =
P dV
Vi
Entropy:
S =
Z T2
dq
T1
~
T dA
Quantum Mechanics
Equations
Particle Location (Probability):
Z b
Pab =
|(x)|2 dx
lp =
Gh
c3
Expectation Value:
hAi =
h |A| i
h
2
Spin Operator:
S12 1 = S1 (S1 + 1)1
Probability Current:
~ t) = h
J(x,
2mi
x
x
En = h
n +
1
2
E
p
c2
v
2 2
h
(x) + V (x) (x)
2m
QUANTUM MECHANICS
Special Relativity
Equations
Rest Energy:
E = m0 c2
Lorentz Factor:
1
=q
1
v2
c2
Relativistic Energy:
ER = mc2
Relativistic Momentum:
m0 v
prel = m0 v = q
2
1 vc2
Relativistic Energy-Momentum:
E 2 = mc2
2
+ (pc)2
u+v
1 + vu
c2
u0 + v 0
0 0
1 + vcu2
Proper Time:
2 = t2 x2
t2 = 2 + x2
Space-Time Interval:
S 2 = (Ct)2 + x2
SPECIAL RELATIVITY
Electronics
Equations
Ohms Law:
V = IR
Kirchoff s First Law:
n
X
I=0
k=1
V =0
k=1
Current:
i=
dq
dt
=
Capacitance
C=
Q
V
4 LC
ELECTRONICS
Special Topics
Equations
Acoustic Beats:
beats = |f2 f1 |
Doppler Effect:
"
f=
1
1
10
vs ource
vw ave
f0
SPECIAL TOPICS