Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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The introduction of European standards to UK construction is a signicant event as, for the
rst time, all design and construction codes within the EU will be harmonised. The ten design
standards, known as the Eurocodes, will affect all design and construction activities as all current
British Standards for structural design are due to be withdrawn in 2010.
The cement and concrete industry recognised the need to enable UK design professionals to use
Eurocode 2, Design of concrete structures, quickly, effectively, efciently and with condence.
Supported by government, consultants and relevant industry bodies, the Concrete Industry
Eurocode 2 Group (CIEG) was formed in 1999 and this Group has provided the guidance for a
coordinated and collaborative approach to the introduction of Eurocode 2.
As a result, a range of resources are being delivered by the concrete sector (see www.eurocode2.info).
The aim of this publication, Worked Examples to Eurocode 2: Volume 1 is to distil from Eurocode 2,
other Eurocodes and other sources the material that is commonly used in the design of concrete
framed buildings.
These worked examples are published in two parts. Volume 2 will include chapters on Foundations,
Serviceability, Fire and Retaining walls.
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The original ideas for this publication emanates from the research project `Eurocode 2: Transition
from UK to European concrete design standards, which was led by the BCA and part funded by
the DTI under their PII scheme and was overseen by a Steering Group and the CIEG. The work has
been brought to fruition by The Concrete Centre from early initial drafts by various authors listed
on the inside back cover. The concrete industry acknowledges and appreciates the support given
by many individuals, companies and organisations in the preparation of this document. These are
listed on the inside back cover.
We gratefully acknowledge the authors of the initial drafts and the help and advice given by Robin
Whittle in checking the text. Thanks are also due to Gillian Bond, Kevin Smith, Sally Huish and the
design team at Michael Burbridge Ltd for their work on the production.
The copyright of British Standards extracts reproduced in this document is held by the British Standards Institution (BSI).
Permission to reproduce extracts from British Standards is granted by BSI under the terms of Licence No: 2009RM010. No other
use of this material is permitted. This publication is not intended to be a replacement for the standard and may not reect the
most up-to-date status of the standard. British Standards can be obtained in PDF or hard copy formats from the BSI online shop:
http://shop.bsigroup.com or by contacting BSI Customer Services for hard copies only:
Tel:+44 (0)20 8996 9001, Email: cservices@bsigroup.com.
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All advice or information from MPA - The Concrete Centre is intended only for use in the UK by those who will evaluate the
signicance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for
negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by MPA - The Concrete Centre or its subcontractors,
suppliers or advisors. Readers should note that the publications from MPA - The Concrete Centre are subject to revision from time
to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.
Printed by Michael Burbridge Ltd, Maidenhead, UK.
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g
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g
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g
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g
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jd
<aZkZ\m^kblmb\oZen^h_ZoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhgi^kngbme^g`mahkZk^Z
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I^Zdo^eh\bmrik^llnk^Zmk^_^k^g\^a^b`ams^%!pbg]"
K
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K:
K^Z\mbhgZmlniihkm:
K;
K^Z\mbhgZmlniihkm;
K]
=^lb`goZen^h_ma^k^lblmZg\^mhZgZ\mbhg
k
KZ]bnl
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LEL
L ^kob\^Z[bebmrebfbmlmZm^!l"\hkk^lihg]bg`mh\hg]bmbhgl[^rhg]pab\ali^\b_b^]l^kob\^k^jnbk^f^gmlZk^gh
ehg`^kf^m
l
LiZ\bg`
l
LghpehZ]hgZkhh_
v
Symbol
Definition
ld
<aZkZ\m^kblmb\`khng]lghpehZ]
lk
KZ]bZeliZ\bg`h_i^kbf^m^klh_la^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gm
lm
MZg`^gmbZeliZ\bg`la^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gmZehg`i^kbf^m^klh_la^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gm
m
Mab\dg^ll4Mbf^[^bg`\hglb]^k^]4;k^Z]mah_lniihkm
m)
Ma^Z`^h_\hg\k^m^Zmma^mbf^h_ehZ]bg`
NEL
NembfZm^ebfbmlmZm^!l"Zllh\bZm^]pbma\heeZil^hkhma^k_hkflh_lmkn\mnkZe_Zbenk^
n
I^kbf^m^kh_\hg\k^m^\khll&l^\mbhg%aZobg`Zk^Z:\
n
I^kbf^m^kh_maZmiZkmpab\abl^qihl^]mh]krbg`
n
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n)
I^kbf^m^kZ]cZ\^gmmh\henfgl!ing\abg`la^Zk"
n*
;Zlb\\hgmkhei^kbf^m^k!Zm+]_khf_Z\^h_ehZ]"!ing\abg`la^Zk"
n*#
K^]n\^]\hgmkhei^kbf^m^kZmi^kbf^m^k\henfgl!Zm+]_khf_Z\^h_ehZ]"!ing\abg`la^Zk"
nb
E^g`mah_ma^\hgmkhei^kbf^m^kng]^k\hglb]^kZmbhg!ing\abg`la^Zk"
nhnm
I^kbf^m^kZmpab\ala^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gmblghehg`^kk^jnbk^]
O
La^Zk_hk\^
O>]
=^lb`goZen^h_ma^Ziieb^]la^Zk_hk\^
OK]%\
La^Zkk^lblmZg\^h_Zf^f[^kpbmahnmla^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gm
OK]%fZq
La^Zkk^lblmZg\^h_Zf^f[^kebfbm^][rma^\knlabg`h_\hfik^llbhglmknml
OK]%\fbg
Fbgbfnfla^Zkk^lblmZg\^h_f^f[^k\hglb]^kbg`\hg\k^m^Zehg^
OK]%l
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hi^g\hngmkr
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o>]%s
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=^lb`gla^Zkk^lblmZg\^h_\hg\k^m^pbmahnmla^Zkk^bg_hk\^f^gm^qik^ll^]ZlZlmk^ll
oK]%fZq
<ZiZ\bmrh_\hg\k^m^lmknml^qik^ll^]ZlZlmk^ll
P*
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Pd
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<
\aZkZ\m^kblmb\oZen^h_ZoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhg"
pd
<aZkZ\m^kblmb\ngbmpbg]ehZ]'
pd
<kZ\dpb]ma
pfZq
Ebfbmbg`\Ze\neZm^]\kZ\dpb]ma
Q)%Q:%Q< <hg\k^m^^qihlnk^\eZll^l
Q=%Q?%QL
q
G^nmkZeZqbl]^ima
q
=blmZg\^[^mp^^g[nbe]bg`l!pbg]"
q
=blmZg\^h_ma^l^\mbhg[^bg`\hglb]^k^]_khfma^\^gmk^ebg^h_ma^lniihkm
q%r%s
<h&hk]bgZm^l4IeZg^lng]^k\hglb]^kZmbhg
qn
=^imah_ma^g^nmkZeZqblZmma^nembfZm^ebfbmlmZm^Z_m^kk^]blmkb[nmbhg
S
Shg^gnf[^kh[mZbg^]_khffZi!lghp"
s
E^o^kZkfh_bgm^kgZe_hk\^l
vi
Symbol
Definition
s
K^_^k^g\^a^b`am!pbg]"
s^
K^_^k^g\^a^b`am_hkpbg]pZk]pZeelh_k^\mZg`neZk[nbe]bg`l!pbg]"
a
:g`e^4:g`e^h_la^Zkebgdlmhma^ehg`bmn]bgZeZqbl4KZmbh
a:
:\h^__b\b^gm_hknl^pbmaZk^ik^l^gmZmbo^oZkbZ[e^Z\mbhgmZdbg`bgmhZ\\hngmZk^Zlniihkm^]
a*%a+%a,
a-%a.%a/
?Z\mhkl]^Zebg`pbmaZg\ahkZ`^Zg]eZilh_[Zkl
a\\!a\m"
:\h^__b\b^gmmZdbg`bgmhZ\\hngmehg`m^kf^__^\mlh_\hfik^llbo^!m^glbe^"ehZ]Zg]ma^pZrehZ]blZiieb^]
a^
Fh]neZkkZmbh6>l (>\]
ag
:\h^__b\b^gm_hknl^pbmaZk^ik^l^gmZmbo^oZkbZ[e^Z\mbhgmZdbg`bgmhZ\\hngmgnf[^kh_lmhk^rllniihkm^]
b
:g`e^4KZmbh4<h^__b\b^gm
b
?Z\mhk]^Zebg`pbma^\\^gmkb\bmr!ing\abg`la^Zk"
g
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk
g<
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hk\hg\k^m^
g?
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hkZ\mbhgl%?
g@
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hki^kfZg^gmZ\mbhgl%@
g@d%lni
IZkmbZe_Z\mhkmh[^Ziieb^]mh@d%bg_
g@d%bg_
IZkmbZe_Z\mhkmh[^Ziieb^]mh@d%lni
gJ
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hkoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhgl%J
gF
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hkfZm^kbZe!nlnZeerg<hkgL"
gL
IZkmbZe_Z\mhk_hkk^bg_hk\bg`lm^^e
d
K^]blmkb[nmbhgkZmbh^jnZelkZmbhh_ma^k^]blmkb[nm^]fhf^gmmhma^^eZlmb\[^g]bg`fhf^gm!*k^]blmkb[nmbhg"
e\n
NembfZm^\hfik^llbo^lmkZbgbgma^\hg\k^m^
e\n+
NembfZm^\hfik^llbo^lmkZbgebfbmbg\hg\k^m^pab\ablghm_neerbgink^ZqbZe\hfik^llbhgZllnfbg`nl^h_ma^
iZkZ[heb\k^\mZg`neZklmk^lllmkZbgk^eZmbhglabi!gnf^kb\Zeere\n+6e\n,"
e\n,
NembfZm^\hfik^llbo^lmkZbgebfbmbg\hg\k^m^pab\ablghm_neerbgink^ZqbZe\hfik^llbhgZllnfbg`nl^h_ma^
[bebg^Zklmk^lllmkZbgk^eZmbhglabi
el\
<hfik^llbo^lmkZbgbgk^bg_hk\^f^gm
elm
M^glbe^lmkZbgbgk^bg_hk\^f^gm
n
?Z\mhk]^_bgbg`^__^\mbo^lmk^g`ma!6*_hk<.)(/)"
n*
<h^__b\b^gm_hk[hg]\hg]bmbhgl
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:g`e^4:g`e^h_\hfik^llbhglmknml!la^Zk"
yb
Bg\ebgZmbhgnl^]mhk^ik^l^gmbfi^k_^\mbhgl
l
Le^g]^kg^llkZmbh
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?Z\mhk]^_bgbg`ma^a^b`amh_ma^\hfik^llbhgshg^!6)'1_hk<.)(/)"
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Le^g]^kg^llbg_bk^
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mb%m*%m+
LghpehZ]laZi^_Z\mhkl
m_b
Zmbhh_ma^]^lb`gZqbZeehZ]ng]^k_bk^\hg]bmbhglmhma^]^lb`gk^lblmZg\^h_ma^\henfgZmghkfZem^fi^kZmnk^
K
[nmpbmaZg^\\^gmkb\bmrZiieb\Z[e^mh_bk^\hg]bmbhgl
v
Lmk^g`mak^]n\mbhg_Z\mhk_hk\hg\k^m^\kZ\d^]bgla^Zk
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K^]n\mbhg_Z\mhk(]blmkb[nmbhg\h^__b\b^gm'?Z\mhkZiieb^]mh@dbg;L>G*22)>qi'!/'*)["
r
K^jnbk^]m^glbhgk^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbh
r
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r
K^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbh_hkk^jnbk^]\hfik^llbhgk^bg_hk\^f^gm%:l+([]
vii
Symbol
Definition
r*
I^k\^gmZ`^h_k^bg_hk\^f^gmeZii^]pbmabg)'/.e)_khfma^\^gmk^ebg^h_ma^eZi[^bg`\hglb]^k^]
re
K^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbh_hkehg`bmn]bgZek^bg_hk\^f^gm
rer%res
K^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbhh_[hg]^]lm^^ebgma^rZg]s]bk^\mbhg
r)
K^_^k^g\^k^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbh_\d)'.*),
s`]
=^lb`goZen^h_ma^`khng]ik^llnk^
sl
Lmk^llbgk^bg_hk\^f^gmZmLEL
sl
:[lhenm^oZen^h_ma^fZqbfnflmk^lli^kfbmm^]bgma^k^bg_hk\^f^gmbff^]bZm^erZ_m^kma^_hkfZmbhgh_ma^\kZ\d
sl\!slm"
Lmk^llbg\hfik^llbhg!Zg]m^glbhg"k^bg_hk\^f^gm
sl]
=^lb`glmk^llbgma^[ZkZmma^nembfZm^ebfbmlmZm^
sln
Ngfh]b_b^]l^kob\^lmk^llbgk^bg_hk\^f^gm]^m^kfbg^]_khfNELehZ]l!L^^?b`nk^<,"
h!e%m)"
?bgZeoZen^h_\k^^i\h^__b\b^gm
h^_
>__^\mbo^\k^^i_Z\mhk
f
;Zk]bZf^m^k
c
?Z\mhkl]^_bgbg`k^ik^l^gmZmbo^oZen^lh_oZkbZ[e^Z\mbhgl
c)
<hf[bgZmbhgoZen^h_ZoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhg!^'`'nl^]pa^g\hglb]^kbg`NEL"
c*
?k^jn^gmoZen^h_ZoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhg!^'`'nl^]pa^g\hglb]^kbg`pa^ma^kl^\mbhgpbeeaZo^\kZ\d^]hkghm"
c+
JnZlb&i^kfZg^gmoZen^h_ZoZkbZ[e^Z\mbhg!^'`'nl^]pa^g\hglb]^kbg`]^_hkfZmbhg"
w
F^\aZgb\Zek^bg_hk\^f^gmkZmbh6:l_r] (:\_\]*
viii
Bgmkh]n\mbhg
* Introduction
*'* Aim
Ma^Zbfh_mablin[eb\ZmbhgblmhbeenlmkZm^makhn`aphkd^]^qZfie^lahp;L>G*22+**T*V
!>nkh\h]^+"fZr[^nl^]bgikZ\mb\^mh]^lb`gbg&lbmn\hg\k^m^[nbe]bg`lmkn\mnk^l'Bmblbgm^g]^]
maZm ma^l^ phkd^] ^qZfie^l pbee ^qieZbg ahp \Ze\neZmbhgl mh >nkh\h]^ + fZr [^ i^k_hkf^]'
>nkh\h]^+lmkb\mer\hglblmlh__hnkiZkml!IZkml**%*+%+Zg],"T*&-V[nm_hkma^inkihl^lh_
mablin[eb\Zmbhg%>nkh\h]^+k^_^klmhiZkm**hger%nge^lljnZeb^]'Ma^phkd^]^qZfie^lpbee
[^\Zkkb^]hnmpbmabgma^^gobkhgf^gmh_hma^kk^e^oZgmin[eb\Zmbhgleblm^][^ehp%Zg]beenlmkZm^]
bg?b`nk^*'*3
N Ma^hma^kmak^^iZkmlh_>nkh\h]^+'
N Hma^k>nkh\h]^l'
N FZm^kbZeZg]^q^\nmbhglmZg]Zk]l'
N In[eb\Zmbhgl[rma^\hg\k^m^bg]nlmkrZg]hma^kl'
Ma^k^ Zk^% ma^k^_hk^% fZgr k^_^k^g\^l mh hma^k ]h\nf^gml Zg] pabe^ bm bl bgm^g]^] maZm mabl
in[eb\Zmbhg%k^_^kk^]mhZlPhkd^]^qZfie^l%\ZglmZg]Zehg^%bmblZgmb\biZm^]maZmnl^klfZr
k^jnbk^ l^o^kZe h_ ma^ hma^k k^_^k^g\^l mh aZg]% bg iZkmb\neZk% <hg\bl^ >nkh\h]^ +T.V% pab\a
lnffZkbl^l ma^ kne^l Zg] ikbg\bie^l maZm pbee [^ \hffhger nl^] bg ma^ ]^lb`g h_ k^bg_hk\^]
\hg\k^m^_kZf^][nbe]bg`lmh>nkh\h]^+'
WORKED
EXAMPLES
STANDARDS
CONCRETE INDUSTRY
PUBLICATIONS
PUBLICATIONS
BY OTHERS
NA
CONCISE
EUROCODE
2
BS EN 1990
BASIS OF
DESIGN
MANUALS
VOL 2
NA
BS EN 19912
NA
BS EN 199111
2 NA
NA
3
NA
ACTIONS
4
NA
6
WORKED EXAMPLES
TO EUROCODE 2
VOL 1
HOW TO
DESIGN
CONCRETE
STRUCTURES
DETAILERS
HANDBOOK
Densities and
imposed loads
Fire
Snow
Wind
Execution
www.
Eurocode2
.info
DESIGN
GUIDES
PD6687
NA
NA
BS EN 199211 12 NA
NA
DESIGN OF
2
CONCRETE
3
STRUCTURES
General
Fire
Bridges
Liquid retaining
RC SPREAD
SHEETS
BS EN 13670
EXECUTION
OF
CONCRETE
STRUCTURES
PRECAST
DESIGN
MANUAL
PRECAST
WORKED
EXAMPLES
Ghm^
Ma^m^kfLmZg]Zk]l^g\hfiZll^l;kbmblaLmZg]Zk]l%>nkh\h]^l%GZmbhgZe:gg^q^l!G:"Zg]In[ebla^]=h\nf^gml
?b`nk^*'*
Phkd^]^qZfie^lbg\hgm^qm
Ma^]^lb`glZk^bgZ\\hk]Zg\^pbma;L>G*22+**T*V%Zlfh]b^][rma^NDGZmbhgZe:gg^qT*ZV
Zg]^qieZbg^]bgI=//10T/V'
1
@^g^kZeer% ma^ \Ze\neZmbhgl Zk^ \khll&k^_^k^g\^] mh ma^ k^e^oZgm \eZnl^l bg Zee _hnk iZkml h_
>nkh\h]^ +T*-V Zg]% pa^k^ ZiikhikbZm^% mh hma^k ]h\nf^gml' L^^ ?b`nk^ *'+ _hk Z `nb]^ mh
ik^l^gmZmbhg'K^_^k^g\^lmh;L1**)T0Vk^_^kmhIZkm*nge^llhma^kpbl^lmZm^]'
@^g^kZeer%ma^lbfie^^qZfie^l]^i^g]hg^jnZmbhglZg]]^lb`gZb]l]^kbo^]_khf>nkh\h]^+'
Ma^]^kbo^]^jnZmbhglZk^`bo^gbg:ii^g]bq:Zg]ma^]^lb`gZb]l_khfL^\mbhg*.h_<hg\bl^
>nkh\h]^+T.VZk^k^i^Zm^]bg:ii^g]bq;'
Ma^^qZfie^lZk^bgm^g]^]mh[^ZiikhikbZm^_hkma^bkinkihl^%pab\ablmhbeenlmkZm^ma^nl^h_
>nkh\h]^+_hkbg&lbmn\hg\k^m^[nbe]bg`lmkn\mnk^l'Ma^k^Zk^lbfie^^qZfie^lmhbeenlmkZm^ahp
mrib\ZeaZg]\Ze\neZmbhglfb`am[^]hg^nlbg`ZoZbeZ[e^\aZkmlZg]mZ[e^l]^kbo^]_khfma^<h]^'
Ma^l^Zk^_heehp^][rfhk^]^mZbe^]^qZfie^lbeenlmkZmbg`ma^]^mZbe^]phkdbg`lh_ma^<h]^l'
Bghk]^kmh^qieZbgma^nl^h_>nkh\h]^+%l^o^kZeh_ma^\Ze\neZmbhglZk^ik^l^gm^]bg]^mZbe_Zk
bg^q\^llh_maZmg^\^llZkrbg]^lb`g\Ze\neZmbhglhg\^nl^klZk^_ZfbebZkpbmama^<h]^'MhZg
^qm^gm%ma^]^lb`glZk^\hgmkbo^]mhlahpoZeb]f^mah]lh_]^lb`gbg`^e^f^gml%mh`bo^bglb`am
Zg]mha^eibgoZeb]Zmbg`\hfinm^kf^mah]l'Ma^rZk^ghmg^\^llZkberma^fhlmZiikhikbZm^%ma^
fhlm^\hghfb\hkma^hgerf^mah]lh_]^lb`gbg`ma^f^f[^klbeenlmkZm^]'
Sections 1 and 2
Worked examples
Cl. 6.4.4
K^e^oZgm\eZnl^lhk_b`nk^gnf[^kl_khf;L>G
*22+**!b_ma^k^_^k^g\^blmhhma^kiZkml%hma^k
>nkh\h]^lhkhma^k]h\nf^gmlmablpbee[^bg]b\Zm^]"
Cl. 6.4.4
NA
?khfma^k^e^oZgmNDGZmbhgZe:gg^q!`^g^kZeermh
;L>G*22+**"
NA
?khf[hma;L>G*22+**Zg]NDGZmbhgZe:gg^q
Fig. 2.1
Section 5.2
K^e^oZgmiZkmlh_mablin[eb\Zmbhg
Fig. 2.1
Section 5.2
EC1-1-1: 6.4.3
?khfhma^k>nkh\h]^l3;L>G*22)%;L>G*22*%
;L>G*22+*+%^m\
EC1-1-1: 6.4.3
PD 6687[6]
;Z\d`khng]iZi^kmhNDGZmbhgZe:gg^q^l
;L>G*22+*
PD 6687[6]
Concise
<hg\bl^>nkh\h]^+T.V
Concise
Ahpmh]^lb`g\hg\k^m^lmkn\mnk^lnlbg`
>nkh\h]^+T1V3?ehhkl
How to:
Floors[8]
Bg:ii^g]b\^l%]^kbo^]\hgm^gmbgmZ[e^lghm_khf
>nkh\h]^+
?b`nk^*'+
@nb]^mhik^l^gmZmbhg
:llhf^h_ma^]^mZbebg`kne^lbg>nkh\h]^+Zk^`^g^kZeerfhk^bgoheo^]maZgmahl^mh;L1**)%
lhf^ h_ ma^ ]^lb`gl ik^l^gm^] bg mabl in[eb\Zmbhg aZo^ [^^g ^qm^g]^] bgmh Zk^Zl maZm aZo^
mkZ]bmbhgZeer[^^gma^k^lihglb[bebmrh_]^mZbe^kl'Ma^l^^qm^g]^]\Ze\neZmbhglZk^ghmg^\^llZkber
iZkm h_ghkfZe ]^lb`g [nm Zk^ bg\en]^] Zm ma^ ^g] h_ lhf^ \Ze\neZmbhgl' Bm bl Zllnf^] maZm
ma^]^lb`g^kpbee]bl\nllZg]Z`k^^pbmama^]^mZbe^kZk^Zlh_k^lihglb[bebmrZg]ma^]^`k^^h_
kZmbhgZeblZmbhg% ma^ ^qm^gm h_ ]^lb`gbg` ]^mZbel% Zll^llf^gm h_ \nkmZbef^gm Zg] hma^k Zli^\ml
maZmma^]^mZbe^klahne]ng]^kmZd^'Bmblk^\h`gbl^]maZmbgma^oZlmfZchkbmrh_\Zl^l%ma^kne^l
`bo^gbg]^mZbebg`fZgnZelT1%2Vpbee[^nl^]'Ahp^o^k%ma^^qZfie^lZk^bgm^g]^]mha^eipa^g
\nkmZbef^gm%Zg\ahkZ`^Zg]eZie^g`malg^^]mh[^]^m^kfbg^]'
Bgmkh]n\mbhg
*'+ Eurocode: Basis of structural design
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BS EN 1990, Eurocode:
Basis of structural design
Structural safety,
serviceability and durability
BS EN 1991, Eurocode 1:
Actions on structures
Actions on structures
BS EN 1998, Eurocode 8:
Seismic design
Geotechnical
and seismic
design
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lmZmblmb\Zem^kfl'
3
BS EN 1990
EUROCODE
Basis of Structural Design
BS EN 1997
EUROCODE 7
Geotechnical Design
BS EN 1998
EUROCODE 8
Seismic Design
BS EN 1991
EUROCODE 1
Basis of Structural Design
BS 4449
Reinforcing
Steels
BS 8500
Specifying
Concrete
BS EN 206
Concrete
BS EN 13670
Execution of
Structures
BS EN 1995
EUROCODE 5
Design of
Composite
Structures
BS EN 1992
EUROCODE 2
Design of concrete structures
Part 11: General Rules for
Structures
Part 12: Structural Fire Design
BS EN 1992
EUROCODE 2
Part 2:
Bridges
BS EN 1992
EUROCODE 2
Part 3:
Liquid Retaining
Structures
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BS EN 10080
Reinforcing
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BS EN 13369
Precast
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Bgmkh]n\mbhg
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Bmblma^ik^kh`Zmbo^h_^Z\a<>GF^f[^kLmZm^mh\hgmkhee^o^elh_lZ_^mrbgmaZm\hngmkr':lZ
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Ma^]^\blbhglfZ]^[rma^gZmbhgZe[h]b^l[^\hf^GZmbhgZeer=^m^kfbg^]IZkZf^m^kl!G=Il"
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Ma^]^lb`g\Ze\neZmbhglbgmablin[eb\ZmbhgZk^bgZ\\hk]Zg\^pbma3
N ;L>G*22)%>nkh\h]^3;Zlblh_lmkn\mnkZe]^lb`gT*)VZg]bmlNDGZmbhgZe:gg^qT*)ZV'
N ;L>G*22*%>nkh\h]^*3:\mbhglhglmkn\mnk^lbg*)iZkmlT**VZg]ma^bkNDGZmbhgZe
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N ;L>G*22+**%>nkh\h]^+IZkm**3=^lb`gh_\hg\k^m^lmkn\mnk^l@^g^kZekne^lZg]
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N ;L>G*22+*+%>nkh\h]^+IZkm*+3=^lb`gh_\hg\k^m^lmkn\mnk^l@^g^kZekne^l
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N I=//10%;Z\d`khng]iZi^kmhma^NDGZmbhgZe:gg^q^lT/V'
N ;L>G*220%>nkh\h]^03@^hm^\agb\Ze]^lb`gIZkm*'@^g^kZekne^lT*+VZg]bmlNDGZmbhgZe
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N ;L1.))*3<hg\k^m^<hfie^f^gmZkr;kbmblaLmZg]Zk]mh;L>G+)/*3F^mah]h_li^\b_rbg`
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N ;L---23Lm^^e_hkma^k^bg_hk\^f^gmh_\hg\k^m^P^e]Z[e^k^bg_hk\bg`lm^^e;Zk%\hbeZg]
]^\hbe^]ikh]n\mLi^\b_b\ZmbhgT*.V'
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N <hg\bl^>nkh\h]^+_hkma^]^lb`gh_bg&lbmn\hg\k^m^_kZf^][nbe]bg`lmh;L>G*22+**3
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T1V'
N Ahpmh]^lb`g\hg\k^m^lmkn\mnk^lnlbg`>nkh\h]^+
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N GL<L%GZmbhgZelmkn\mnkZe\hg\k^m^li^\b_b\Zmbhg_hk[nbe]bg`\hglmkn\mbhg%,k]^]bmbhgT*/VFZr
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*'0'* Eurocode 2
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PD 6687[6]
>nkh\h]^+Zllnf^lmaZm3
N =^lb`gZg]\hglmkn\mbhgpbee[^ng]^kmZd^g[rZiikhikbZm^erjnZeb_b^]Zg]^qi^kb^g\^]i^klhgg^e'
N :]^jnZm^lni^koblbhgZg]jnZebmr\hgmkhepbee[^ikhob]^]'
N FZm^kbZelZg]ikh]n\mlpbee[^nl^]Zlli^\b_b^]'
N Ma^lmkn\mnk^pbee[^Z]^jnZm^erfZbgmZbg^]Zg]pbee[^nl^]bgZ\\hk]Zg\^pbmama^]^lb`g[kb^_'
N Ma^k^jnbk^f^gml_hk^q^\nmbhgZg]phkdfZglabi`bo^gbg>G*,/0)Zk^\hfieb^]pbma'
*'0'+ The worked examples
Nge^llghm^]hma^kpbl^%ma^\Ze\neZmbhglbgmablin[eb\ZmbhgZllnf^3
N :]^lb`geb_^h_.)r^Zkl'
Table 3.1
N Ma^nl^h_<,)(,0\hg\k^m^'
BS 4449
N Ma^nl^h_@kZ]^:%;hk<k^bg_hk\^f^gm%]^lb`gZm^]AbgZ\\hk]Zg\^pbma;L1///T*2V'
Table 4.1,
BS 8500: Table A.1
N >qihlnk^\eZllQ<*'
Building Regs[20,21]
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N Ma^nl^h_f^ZgoZen^lh_^eZlmb\fh]nenl'
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N I^kfZg^gmZ\mbhglZk^Z\mbhgl_hkpab\ama^oZkbZmbhgbgfZ`gbmn]^pbmambf^blg^`eb`b[e^'
EC1-1-1: 2.1
N OZkbZ[e^Z\mbhglZk^Z\mbhgl_hkpab\ama^oZkbZmbhgbgfZ`gbmn]^pbmambf^blghmg^`eb`b[e^'
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N :ghfbgZeoZen^nl^]_hklhf^oZkbZ[e^Zg]Z\\b]^gmZeZ\mbhgl'
A
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F
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I
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,')
+')
C37
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C38
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0'.
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-')
-'.
j d
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+')
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C39
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<-
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C41
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C42
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C51
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C52
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-'.
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bglmbmnmbhgZe[nbe]bg`lln[c^\m^]mh\khp]l
d?hklmkn\mnk^lmaZmfb`am[^lnl\^imb[e^mhk^lhgZg\^^__^\ml%k^_^k^g\^lahne][^fZ]^mhG:'+'*
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EC1-1-1:
Tables 6.1, 6.2
& NA.3
EC1-1-1:
Tables 6.3, 6.4
& NA.4, NA.5
MZ[e^+'.
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Lahiibg`Zk^Zl
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D2
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E11
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E17
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10
Bfihl^]ehZ]l
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EC1-1-1:
6.3.4.1(2), Tables 6.9,
6.10, 6.11 & NA.7
Bfihl^]ehZ]l
5,)
)'/
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5/)
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Z\\^llb[e^Zk^`^g^kZeerma^lZf^Zl_hkma^li^\b_b\nl^Zg]\Zm^`hkrh_ma^Z]cZ\^gmZk^Z'Bfihl^]
ehZ]l_hkkhh_lpbmahnmZ\\^llZk^`bo^gZ[ho^'
EC1-1-1:
6.3.4 & NA
2Ma^k^blgh\Zm^`hkrC'
Movable partitions
Ma^l^e_&p^b`amh_fhoZ[e^iZkmbmbhglfZr[^mZd^gbgmhZ\\hngm[rZngb_hkfer]blmkb[nm^]ehZ]%
jd%pab\alahne][^Z]]^]mhma^bfihl^]ehZ]lh_hhklZl_heehpl3
EC1-1-1:
6.3.1.2 (8) & NA
N ?hkfhoZ[e^iZkmbmbhglpbmaZl^e_&p^b`amh_*')dG(fpZeee^g`ma3
jd6)'.dG(f+'
N ?hkfhoZ[e^iZkmbmbhglpbmaZl^e_&p^b`amh_+')dG(fpZeee^g`ma3
jd6)'1dG(f+'
N ?hkfhoZ[e^iZkmbmbhglpbmaZl^e_&p^b`amh_,')dG(fpZeee^g`ma3
jd6*'+dG(f+'
A^Zob^kiZkmbmbhgllahne][^\hglb]^k^]l^iZkZm^er'
EC1-1-1:
6.3.1.2 (10)
6.3.1.2(11) & NA
Area
: k^]n\mbhg _Z\mhk _hk bfihl^] ehZ]l _hk Zk^Z% a:% fZr [^ nl^] Zg] lahne] [^ ]^m^kfbg^]
nlbg`3
a:6*'):(*))))'0.
EC1-1-1:
6.3.1.2 (10)
& NA Exp. (NA.1)
pa^k^
:blma^Zk^Z!f+"lniihkm^]pbmaehZ]ljnZeb_rbg`_hkk^]n\mbhg!b'^'\Zm^`hkb^l:mh>Zl
eblm^]bgMZ[e^+'*"'
11
EC1-1-1:
6.3.1.2 (11)
& NA Exp. ( NA.2)
Number of storeys
:k^]n\mbhg_Z\mhk_hkgnf[^kh_lmhk^rl%ag%fZr[^nl^]Zg]lahne][^]^m^kfbg^]nlbg`3
ag6*'*g(*)
ag6)'/
ag6)'.
pa^k^