12a

When y

(b)(ii)
dy
1
1

=
2
dx 1 1
2

(b) (i)
dx 1 dy
2
,
dt t dt 1 (2t ) 2
dy
2t

dx 1 (2t ) 2
When y p, 2t tan p
dy
tan p
tan p

2
dx 1 tan p
sec2 p
sin p
sin p

cos 2 p
cos 2 p
cos p
cos p
1
sin 2 p
2
(sin 2p = 2 sin p cos p )

, 2t tan 1 x 0
4
4

1
): y x c
4
2
1

(0) c c
y x --- (1)
4 2
4
2
4

Equation of normal at (0, ): y 2 x

--- (2)
4
4
Sub y 0 in (1) and (2),

(1):0 x x
2
4
2
r
1 C A
5 2

Area
of
triangle
=

(2):0 2 x x

2 BB
4 8 2
64

4
8
Equation of tangent at (0,

7.
Method 1

2
2
By Pythagoras theorem, AE 9 12 15cm .

E 9

By similar triangles, ABC is similar to ADE

AB BC

AD DE
12 x r r

15
9
9(12 x r ) 15r
5
8
x 12 r r 12 r (shown)
3
3
Method 2
Let angle EAD = .
Using triangles ABC and ADE,
r
9
sin

AB 15
5r
AB
3
5r
8r
x 12 r 12
3
3 .
Thus
(ii)
4
4
8
4
V r 3 r 2 x r 3 r 2 (12 r ) 12 r 2 r 3
3
3
3
3
dv
24 r 4 r 2
dr
dv dv dr
dv dr dx

dt dr dt
dr dx dt
3
= 24 r 4 r 2 0.1
8
3
24 (2) 4 (2) 2 0.1 3.77 cm3s-1
8

x 1 t 2 y ln(2 t )
dy
1
dy
1
dx

2t
dx 2t (2 t )
dt t 2
dt

11i

ii

(3.s.f)

Equation of normal at ( 1, ln 2) :
x 1 1 t 2
dy
t 0
dx is undefined
,
Therefore, equation of normal: y ln 2

Equation of tangent at ( 5, 2 ln 2) :
1
1
x 5 1 t 2 dy

dx
2
t
(2

t
)
16
t 2
,

iii

y 2 ln 2
1

x5
16
x 5
y 2 ln 2
16 16

x 5
2 ln 2
16 16
x 16 ln 2 5
P (16 ln 2 5, ln 2)

ln(2)

iv
Let the angle be the acute angle between normal and tangent.
13
(a)

Differentiation and Applications

d
cos 1 1 4 x 2
dx

1
1
2 2
1 4 x 8 x
2
1 1 4 x2

4 x
2
1 4x
4x2
4x

2 x 1 4 x2

2x

x 1 4 x2

1 4 x2
2

1 4 x2

(b)

Length of circle = 2 r
Perimeter of hexagon = d 2 r
A total area
2

1 d 2 r
r 2 6
sin
6
2
3
3
2
r2
d 2 r
24

,x 0
,x 0

tan

1
0.0624
16

dA
3
2 r
d 2 r 2
dr
12
dA
3
2 r
d 2 r
dr
6
dA
3
0 2r
d 2 r 0
dr
6

3
d 3
r 2

3
6

r 0.075692d
r 0.076d
d2 A
2 3

0
dr 2
3
Thus, the sum of the areas enclosed by the two shapes is a minimum when the radius of the
circle is approximately 0.076d units.

dy
60t

2
dt
2
t

1
13.

2
60tdt
t

4
t 2 1 2

=
Area under the curve is
60t
A
B
C

2
2
t 1 t 1 t 1 t 1 t 1
Let
2
60t A t 1 B t 1 t 1 C t 1
so
Let t = 0:
0=ABC
Let t = 1:
60 = 4A
Let t = 1:
- 60 = 2C
30
y 2
x t 1 ,
t 1

60tdt

t 1 t 1
2

Solving, we get A = 15, B = -15, C = 30.

4 15
15
30

2 t 1 t 1 t 1 2 dt

So required area =

30
15ln t 1 15ln t 1 t 1
=
1
4 x 2 x2 1
1 1
x 2 2x
2 2y

5
4 15ln
2
9 .
=
y

2
(1, 1)
O

x 1 2 1 1
2

2y

1
1
1
2
y

x 1

(b)Required volume
2

1
1
1
1
1
2
y

1
1
1
1
dy
1
2
y

dy

= 4.73 (3 s.f.)
10i

1
dy
y sin 2
sin cos
2
d
1
4
0

y
dy
1 2 y

4
0

1 4 1 cos 2
d

2
2 0

1
sin 2

2
2 2

1 2
sin
2
sin cos d
cos 2

1 1

2 2 4 2

1
sin 2 d
2
1
1
1
x
, y x 4 ( )4
4
2
2
When
4
0

Ii

1
1
x2
1
x
,y 2
2
2x 1 1 1 4
2
When

Thus two curves intersect at the point

1
4

1
4
0

Area 1 y dy
4

4 5
y 4
5

1
4

1 1
4 9 2 2

5
40
16
2 2 4 2
1
2

1 1 x 4 dx
1
1 x 5
5

1
1
2
1

.(Verified)

y
dy
1 2 y

Alternatively
2

.
1 1
,

2 4

x2
dx
2x2 1

1
2

1
1

dx
2 2(2 x 2 1)

4 1
1 1
1
x 0 2 2
dx
5 2
4 0 x2 ( 1 )2
2

4
0

4
1
1
2

tan 1 2 x

5 20 2 2 2
4

10
iii

1
2
0

4 9 2
2

5 40
16

Volume
1

4
0

1
1
y
dy 1 y 2 dy
1 2 y
4

fnInt(( x / (1 2 x), x,0,0.25)

fnInt( x ^ (0.5), x,0.25,1)

10
(a)

(b)

[0.631620]
1.984
Integration Applications
1
1
area of R y dx (1)(1)
0
2
1 2x
1

d
x

0 1 x2
2
1 1
ln 1 x 2

0 2
1
ln 2
2
1
1
volume of solid y 2dx (1) 2 (1)
0
3
2

2x

d
x

3
1 x 2

4x2

1 x

dx

4 tan 2

sec

4 sin 2
0

sec 2 d
2

1-cos2
4
0
2

2 4 (1-cos2 ) d
0

sin 2
2
2

2
3

4
0

2.
=
=
=

ln cos x
2

cos x

dx
=

tan x ln cos x
tan x ln cos x
3 1 ln 2

3.

tan x
0

sec 2 ln cos

1
sin x dx tan x ln cos x
cos x
=

sec 2 x 1 dx

tan x ln cos x

tan 2 xdx
0

tan x x 03