440V

1. Explanation of low voltage high current and high

voltage low current principle when transmitting power
to the load

G
Generator

Load
e.g. 100 KW
440V Heater

Solution:

P= 3 V I cos ; Where cos =Power factor

For Heater , cos =1

Therefore ,

Because of high current, cables use for transmitting power required bigger size

P= 3 V I cos
I=

P
( 3 V cos )

440V

440V/11KV

11KV/440V

G
Generator
Step-up transformer

Step-down transformer

Solution:

P= 3 V I cos ; Where cos =Power factor

For Heater , cos =1

Therefore ,

P= 3 V I cos
I=

P
( 3 V cos )

Because of high voltage, the

current is low. Therefore cables
use for transmitting power is
smaller, cheaper, and lighter for
the tower to support

Load
e.g. 100
KW 440V
Heater

2. Ohm law
R( Resistance)=

V (Voltage)
=(Ohm) ;
I (Current)

V
I = = Ampere ; V =I R=Volt
R
Water tank

Low Voltage

Water
tank
High Voltage

Resistance

Drain pipe
High Current
Height

Height

Water

Low Current

e.g. Height = Voltage =

240V
Drain pipe = Resistance

V 240
V 440
I= =
=24 A I = =
=44 A
R 10
R 10

Water
tank

Height

e.g. Height = Voltage =

440V
Drain pipe = Resistance

Water
tank

Height

Water

Larger drain
pipe
e.g. Height = Voltage =
240V
Drain pipe = Resistance

Water

Low
Resistance

Water

Smaller drain
pipe
High Resistance
e.g. Height = Voltage =
240V
Drain pipe = Resistance

V 240
I= =
=24 A
R 10

V 240
I= =
=12 A
R 20