TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).

2011

NH GI CA HC SINH V HIU QU HNG NGHIP CHO

HC SINH CUI CP TRUNG HC C S V HC SINH
TRUNG HC PH THNG TNH BNH DNG
STUDENTS EVALUATION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VOCATIONAL
PROGRAMMES FOR GRADE 9 STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN BINH DUONG PROVINCE
Hunh Vn Sn
Trng i hc S phm TP HCM
TM TT
Bi bo cp n nh gi ca hc sinh v hiu qu hng nghip cho hc sinh
Trung hc ti Tnh Bnh Dng hin nay. Kt qu nghin cu c thc hin da trn cuc
kho st 1689 hc sinh Trung hc ti Tnh Bnh Dng gm hc sinh Trung hc c s (841) v
hc sinh Trung hc ph thng (848) trong nm hc 2010- 2011. Nhn chung, hc sinh thuc
mu nghin cu him khi hoc thnh thong mi c tham gia cng tc hng nghip ti nh
trng Trung hc. C hc sinh THCS v THPT u nh gi rng, nhn chung, hiu qu ca
cc hot ng hng nghip ti trng mnh ch t mc trung bnh v cha p ng c
nguyn vng ca hc sinh v mt chng trnh hng nghip ng b v chuyn su. Cc
hnh thc hng nghip ch t mc trung bnh v ni tri nht l hnh thc: Gio dc
hng nghip trn lp nhng im trung bnh vn cha t mc 3.0. C nhiu nguyn nhn
nh hng n thc trng ny nhng ni bt nht theo quan im ca hc sinh THPT nguyn
nhn khin hot ng hng nghip trng THPT cn gp nhiu hn ch l do trng
Khng c nhiu thi gian t chc cc hot ng hng nghip cng nh Khng c thy
c chuyn trch v cng tc t vn hng nghip
ABSTRACT
This article is concerned with students evaluation on the effectiveness of the current
vocational programmes for junior high school and high school students in Binhduong Province.
The results of the study was based on the survey conducted with 1689 students during the
academic year 2010 2011 in Binhduong Province, of which 841 students were from junior high
schools and 848 students from high schools. On the whole, the surveyed students sometimes
or rarely participated in the vocational training programmes at school. Both kinds of students
said that, overall, the effectiveness of the career training activities was only at an average level
and these operations could not meet the students needs for synchronised and intensive
vocational programmes. The vocational activities were only at the average level; whereas, in the
most noticeable operation called Vocational Education Class, the students average grade was
below 3.0. There were many reasons for this situation, but according to many high school
students, the most noteworthy reason was that there were some drawbacks in the vocational
operations at school. The schools did not have much time to organize vocational programmes
and there were no teachers responsible for career guidance counseling ...

1. t vn
Thc t cho thy c kh nhiu sinh vin chn ngh khng ph hp dn n hin
164

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

tng lm tri ngh, chuyn ngh sau khi tt nghip. T l sinh vin nm th nht - nm
th hai v thm ch l sinh vin sau khi tt nghip khng s dng kin thc chuyn
ngnh c hc m tip tc hc mt ngnh hon ton khc kh ng k. Thanh nin s
khng th ton tm ton vi cng vic, cng khng th t c nh cao trong hc
tp nu chn ngh sai lch. Hu qu trc tin l cho bn thn ngi hc: s lng ph
thi gian, cng sc v c tin bc. i vi x hi, vic ny lm cho vng quay ngun
nhn lc ln xn, ngi l ra gii ngh ny th li u qun cho ngh khc, bt n cho
phn cng lao ng v r rng gy lng ph cho x hi rt ln v mt ti chnh v nhn
lc. Hng nm, hu nh tt c hc sinh tt nghip THPT dn vo thi i hc nhng
ch c gn 20% s ny trng tuyn, v 80% s cn li mt nh hng trong ngh
nghip. iu ny dn n tnh trng ngun cung cp lao ng tr nn tha thy, thiu
th. Nguyn nhn ca tnh trng trn l cng tc hng nghip cha tt, cha c nhng
hnh ng thit thc.
Nu thc hin cng tc hng nghip cho hc sinh THPT hiu qu th bi ton
lng ph trong o to s c gii quyt, bi ton lm th no cung cp nhn lc
cho cc ngnh ngh cng c gii quyt phn no. Bnh Dng l mt tnh ang c tc
pht trin kinh t kh cao v i hi cn phi c mt ngun nhn lc c cht lng
vi s lng ln. C th ni y l mt tnh thnh u tin pht trin cng nghip nh
mt mi nhn. Trong k hoch pht trin cc ngnh kinh t trng im hay pht trin x
hi ni chung th chc chn lc lng lao ng k tha c chuyn mn cao vi y
nhng phm cht v k nng ngh nghip v cng cn thit. Da trn nhng thng tin
theo nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi ca Tnh, hc sinh ca tnh Bnh Dng s c
nhng c s kh y hiu v chnh mnh, nm chc thng tin ngh nghip, c hi
ngh nghip trong tng lai chn ngh tht s hp l v vng chi theo nguyn tc
n u. iu ph thuc rt nhiu vo cng tc hng nghip cho hc sinh Trung
hc ang thc hin ti Tnh Bnh Dng hin nay.
Tuy nhin, cc em hc sinh Trung hc nh gi nh th no v hiu qu hng
nghip ti Tnh Bnh Dng? y s l c s rt quan trng c nhng nh hng
hay nhng bin php nng cao hiu qu ca cng tc ny.
2. Gii quyt vn
tm hiu nh gi ca hc sinh v hiu qu ca cng tc hng nghip ti
Trng THCS v THPT, chng ti tm hiu cc vn c bn nh: thc t vic tham
gia cc hot ng hng nghip ti nh trng, nh gi chung v hiu qu ca cng tc
hng nghip, nh gi v hiu qu ca tng hnh thc hng nghip c th v mt s
nguyn nhn ca thc trng. Kt qu kho st trn 1689 hc sinh Trung hc ti Tnh
Bnh Dng gm hc sinh Trung hc c s (841) v hc sinh Trung hc ph thng
(848) trong nm hc 2010 - 2011. im s tm c s nh gi c quy i theo
thang bc 5 ng vi cc mc . im thp nht l 1, cao nht l 5, chia lm 5 mc,
theo ta c thang im nh sau:
* T 1 n 1,5: Km
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

* T 1,51 n 2,5: Yu
* T 2,51 n 3,5: Trung bnh
* T 3,51 n 4,5: Kh
* T 4,51 n 5: Tt
S liu ti nghin cu cho php a ra nhng nhn nh sau:
1. Tn sut tham gia nhng bui hng nghip ca nh trng
Vi cu hi Bn c tham gia nhng bui hng nghip ca nh trng
hay cha?, im trung bnh cu tr li ca hc sinh THCS l 1,86 ng ngha vi
mc him khi v 2,74 l im trung bnh cu tr li ca hc sinh THPT ng ngha
vi mc thnh thong. Kt qu ny cho thy, tn sut hc sinh c tham gia cc bui
hng nghip ca nh trng l thp v rt thp. Trong khi nhu cu ca hc sinh l rt
ln nhng vic t chc cc bui hng nghip khng c t chc mt cch u n,
nh k gy nhiu kh khn cho cc em. Chnh v iu ny m khi c hi, Bn c
gp kh khn trong vic chn ngh khng?, c n 64,6% hc sinh THCS v 70,4%
hc sinh THPT tr li rng, cc em gp kh khn, thm ch l rt kh khn trong vic
chn ngh v cc em hon ton b ng, khng bit v cc ngnh ngh trong x hi cng
nh khng bit v nng lc, kh nng ca chnh bn thn mnh. N cng ko theo mt
thc trng hc sinh cm thy mnh gp kh nhiu kh khn c th chn cho mnh
mt ngh ph hp, nht l vi cc hc sinh THPT. C n 81,4% hc sinh THPT tha
nhn mnh gp nhiu kh khn trong vic tm kim, chn la mt ngh nghip thc s
ph hp vi bn thn, v cc em b thiu qu nhiu thng tin cng nh hon ton m m
v chnh bn thn mnh. Bn cnh , c 59,5% hc sinh THCS cng ng tnh v cho
rng, s thiu thn cc hnh thc hng nghip khin cc em s gp nhiu kh khn khi
mun chn mt ngh ph hp vi bn thn.
Tip tc tm hiu v tn sut nhng loi hnh hot ng hng nghip do nh trng
t chc, nhm nghin cu thu c mt s kt qu th hin bng 1 di y.
Bng 1. Mc c tham gia cc hot ng hng nghip ti trng hc

STT

Hot ng

im trung bnh
THCS

THPT

Tham quan cc c s kinh t a phng

1,58

1,51

Tham d cc cuc hi tho v ngh

1,65

1,75

Tho lun trong cc bui hng nghip

1,85

2,24

Xem trin lm tranh nh v ngh

1,87

1,68

Xem phim v ngh nghip

2,17

1,71

n phng t vn c cc chuyn vin t vn

1,71

1,64

Gio dc hng nghip trn lp

2,25

2,94

Gio dc hng nghip qua hot ng ngoi kha

2,2

2,84

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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

Gio dc hng nghip thng qua vic tch hp

trong cc mn hc khc

2,45

2,23

10

Lm trc nghim xc nh s thch, nng lc,

tnh cch ca hc sinh ph hp vi nhm ngnh
ngh no

2,17

2,2

11

Nghe hng dn v vic chn trng H C

2,36

2,81

12

Nghe t vn v hc ngh, trung cp chuyn nghip

2,05

2,62

13

Giao lu vi cc gng thnh cng trong ngh

nghip khi im c hc vn THPT

1,86

1.92

14

c trao i v tng lai nu khng hc tip

THCN C H

2,01

2,21

Vi im trung bnh mc 2,01 th c th thy rng, hc sinh THCS him khi

c tham gia vo cc hot ng hng nghip do nh trng t chc. Trong , hnh thc
Hng nghip tch hp trong cc mn hc khc l hnh thc t im trung bnh cao nht
l 2,45 cng ch gn t mc thnh thong cho thy mt thc t l: hot ng hng
nghip cho hc sinh bc THCS cn qu s si, ngho nn v ni dung v ch c thc
hin mc tch hp vi cc mn hc khc. y cng l hnh thc c cc gio vin s
dng nhiu nht so vi cc hnh thc khc d tnh hiu qu khng thc s cao v r nt cho
lm. Th hnh dung, vi khi lng kin thc s v hng nghip nhng hc sinh ch
c cung cp mt cch nh git v khng c h thng, xen k vi nhng ni dung lin
quan n bi hc, mn hc c tch hp th lm sao c th gip cc em c ci nhn thu
o v ngh cng nh v bn thn? Cha k, p lc ging dy v hc tp cc mn chnh
kha cng khin vic u t cho hnh thc hng nghip thng qua vic tch hp vi cc
mn hc khc khng thc s c chiu su v cht lng. Nh vy, hot ng hng nghip
trng THCS ch nh mn do chi m cha c hiu qu, cha c u t.
i vi hc sinh bc THPT th hot ng hng nghip dng nh c lng
hn ti bc THCS cht t. iu ny c minh chng thng qua im trung bnh tm
c l 2,16 cng nh thng qua cu tr li ca hc sinh i vi tng loi hnh hot
ng hng nghip c th. Cc hot ng hng nghip hc sinh THPT c tham gia
ti nh trng nhiu nht (TB hn 2,50) l:
- Gio dc hng nghip trn lp, 2,94
- Gio dc hng nghip qua hot ng ngoi kha, 2,84
- Nghe hng dn v vic chn trng H C, 2,81
- Nghe t vn v hc ngh, trung cp chuyn nghip, 2,62
D mc c tham gia ch l thnh thong nhng trong iu kin, hon
cnh cn nhiu kh khn ca nh trng cng nh trong bi cnh cng tc hng
nghip cn cha c u t mt cch bi bn th y cng l nhng n lc ng ghi
nhn trong vic hng nghip. Tuy vy, vic t chc mt cch ri rc v khng xuyn
sut mt cch c h thng cc hot ng nh t chc phng tham vn ngh; t chc cho
167

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

hc sinh xem phim v ngh nghip; xem tranh nh v ngh; tham gia tho lun trong
cc hi tho v ngh, cng ch nh cch lm chiu c, hc sinh bc u c lm
quen vi hot ng hng nghip.
Mc d cc trng trin khai v a hng nghip vo chng trnh hc nh
mn hc chnh kha, nhng vi s tit hn ch cng nh thiu s kt hp mt cch
ng b vi cc hnh thc khc nn hot ng ny vn cha gii ta c cn kht
hng nghip ca hc sinh mt cch trit . Chnh hc sinh nh gi nhng hot ng
hng nghip trn cha thc s c hiu qu. S nh gi ny c th hin hai mt:
nh gi chung v hiu qu cng tc hng nghip v nh gi hiu qu hng nghip
ca tng hot ng c th.
2. nh gi ca hc sinh v hiu qu ca cng tc hng nghip ca trng Trung
hc
2.1. nh gi ca hc sinh v hiu qu chung ca cng tc hng nghip ca
trng Trung hc
Bng 2. nh gi v hiu qu chung ca hot ng hng nghip ti trng Trung hc

THCS
Mc

Tn
s

T l

Km

73

Yu

THPT
im trung
bnh

Tn
s

T l

8,7%

47

5,5%

23

2,7%

48

5,7%

Trung bnh

398

47.3%

503

59,3%

Tt

287

34,1%

202

23,8%

Rt tt

60

7,1%

48

5,7%

Tng

841

100%

848

100%

3,28

im trung
bnh

3,18

Kt qu bng 2 cho thy, c hc sinh THCS v THPT u nh gi rng, nhn

chung, hiu qu ca cc hot ng hng nghip ti trng mnh ch t mc trung
bnh v cha p ng c nguyn vng ca hc sinh v mt chng trnh hng
nghip ng b v chuyn su. im trung bnh tm c hc sinh THCS l 3,28 v
hc sinh THPT l 3,18. Da trn cc mc th mc trung bnh chim trn di mu
qua kt qu nh gi. S liu mc ny hc sinh THCS l 47,3% v hc sinh THPT
l 59,3%. Ngoi ra, nu tnh c hai la tui, mc yu v km u t n con s trn
10% cng l nhng tn hiu cn suy ngm.
Cht lng ca cc hot ng hng nghip cha tt c th do nguyn nhn t
nhiu pha nh: khng c lc lng chuyn trch v v t vn hng nghip cho hc
sinh; gio vin khng c o to v chuyn mn hng nghip; c s vt cht
khng iu kin t chc nhng loi hot ng khc nhau; kinh ph u t cho
cng tc hng nghip thp; s ngho nn v phng tin thng tin;...
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

2.2. nh gi ca hc sinh Trung hc v hiu qu ca tng loi hnh hng nghip

c t chc trong nh trng
Bng 3. nh gi v hiu qu ca tng loi hnh hng nghip c t chc trong nh trng

STT

Hnh thc

im trung bnh
THCS

THPT

Tham quan cc c s kinh t a phng

2,08

2,46

Tham d cc cuc hi tho v ngh

2,11

2,55

Tho lun trong cc bui hng nghip

2,29

2,82

Xem trin lm tranh nh v ngh

2,19

2,71

Xem phim v ngh nghip

2,25

2,6

n phng t vn c cc chuyn vin tm l t

2,15
vn

2,65

Gio dc hng nghip trn lp

3,25

Gio dc hng nghip thng qua hot ng ngoi

2,73
kha

2,71

Gio dc hng nghip thng qua vic tch hp trong

2,79
cc mn hc khc

2,54

10

Tham quan trc tip cc c s o to, cc x nghip,

2,25
cc khu ch xut

2,37

11

Trc nghim xc nh s thch, nng lc, tnh cch

2,45
hp vi ngnh ngh

2,84

2,8

Cn c theo cc s liu ti bng trn c th thy, trong khi hc sinh THCS tm

tha nhn hiu qu ca cc hot ng Gio dc hng nghip trn lp (TB l 2,8hng 1), Gio dc hng nghip thng qua cc hot ng ngoi kha (TB l 2,73
hng 2) v Gio dc hng nghip thng qua vic tch hp trong cc mn hc khc
(TB l 2,79 hng 3) th hc sinh THPT li nhn thy mt s hot ng sau c hiu
qu mc tng i:
- Gio dc hng nghip trn lp, 3,25 hng 1
- Trc nghim s thch, nng lc, tnh cch hp vi ngnh ngh, 2,84 hng 2
- Tho lun trong cc bui hng nghip, 2,82 hng 3
- Xem trin lm tranh nh v ngh, 2.71 hng 4
- Gio dc hng nghip thng qua cc hot ng ngoi kha, 2.71 hng 4
- n phng t vn c cc chuyn vin tm l t vn , 2,65 hng 5
Trong s nhng hot ng ny, hc sinh THPT nh gi hot ng Gio dc
hng nghip trn lp hc l hnh thc c hiu qu vi cc em nhiu nht so vi cc
hnh thc cn li. L gii cho iu ny th c th cho rng, hot ng gio dc hng
169

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

nghip trn lp l hnh thc cc em c tip xc gn nht vi nhng ngi c chuyn

mn, kinh nghim, s hiu bit v ngh nghip cng nh vic chn ngh. Cc em c th
c gii p nhng thc mc mt cch trc tip nhanh nht, c cung cp nhng
thng tin v ngnh ngh, khi thi, trng thi tng ng. Ngoi ra, trong phm vi lp
hc, cc em s c nhn nhng s chia, nhng ng cm v c m, hoi bo cho s
nghip ca mnh, cc em cng c c hi lng nghe v trao i nhng thng tin v chn
ngh vi nhau.
Hnh thc hng nghip bng Trc nghim xc nh s thch, nng lc, tnh
cch ph hp vi ngnh ngh cng l hnh thc c cc em chn la v cho rng n
c nhng hiu qu nht nh cho bn thn trong vic chn ngh. Thng qua nhng trc
nghim ny, cc em s phn no hiu c bn thn mnh thch ci g, mun iu g;
ng thi, mnh c nhng kh nng, nhng nng khiu no v t cht ca mnh s ph
hp vi nhm ngnh ngh no nht?
Xt trong thc t cng nh trn l thuyt, tt c cc hnh thc hng nghip trn
u cn thit v c nhng nh hng rt cao n vic chn ngh ca cc em. Vic cc
em nh gi hiu qu ca nhng hot ng ny khi c t chc ti trng hc ca
mnh ch mc trung bnh cho thy cn nhiu bt cp trong cng tc t chc hot
ng hng nghip cho hc sinh.
C th ni rng s nh gi trn l c s dn n vic hc sinh cha tht t
tin v vic hng nghip ca bn thn mnh. im s trung bnh cho cu hi Bn vng
tin mc no khi nh hng ngh nghip thng qua cc hot ng hng nghip ca
nh trng? i vi hc sinh THCS l 3,44 phn no ni ln thc t v hiu qu ca
cng tc hng nghip ti trng trng THCS cn hn ch. D rng y cng ch l
kt qu t pha hc sinh nhng ch bo ny cng ng nhng ngi c trch nhim
vi cng tc hng nghip quan tm.
Trong khi , vi im s trung bnh l 3,52, cc hc sinh THPT by t s vng
tin ca mnh khi chn ngh da trn nhng c s kin thc c cung cp thng qua
cc hot ng hng nghip ti trng mnh. Tuy nhin, im s ny cng cn hn ch
cho thy s t tin ny ca cc em vn cn hm cha nhiu s lng l, cha thc s tin
tng lm vi quyt nh chn la ca mnh khi cn c theo nhng hng dn n t
cc loi hnh hng nghip khc nhau. Bn cnh t l 9,9% hc sinh rt tin tng vo
vic chn ngh sau khi c hng nghip trng THPT th cng c mt t l tng
ng hc sinh khng tin tng vo vic nh hng ny.
Vi nhng s liu v nhng phn tch cc phn trc th s lo lng, hoi nghi
v cha vng tin ny hc sinh l hon ton c cn c. Do , thm mt ln na, s
cn thit ca vic t chc cng tc hng nghip vi nhng phng php bi bn nhm
mang li hiu qu thc s cao ang l vn bc thit ti a phng.

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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

3. Mt vi nguyn nhn ca cc hn ch trong cng tc gio dc hng nghip cho

hc sinh Trung hc hin nay
Bng 4. Mt s nguyn nhn ca cc hn ch trong cng tc hng nghip cho hc sinh Trung hc

Nguyn nhn

im trung bnh
THCS

THPT

Thng tin cung cp v ngnh ngh khng nhiu

2,73

3,25

Ch t chc cho cc trng THCN - H - C gii thiu bui

cho c

2,81

2,28

Thy c khng nhit tnh gii p nhng thc mc ca cc em

v ngh nghip

2,58

2,62

Hnh thc t chc cc bui hng nghip cn ngho nn, rp

khun v khng c nhiu thng tin mi.

2,95

3,46

Khng c nhiu thi gian t chc cc hot ng hng

nghip.

3,02

3,76

Khng c thy c chuyn trch v cng tc t vn hng nghip

2,78

3,65

Cha c s phi hp ng b gia lc lng gio dc v cc

on th trong nh trng i vi cng tc hng nghip

2,9

3,49

Cha c hng m cho hc sinh v nh trng ch tp trung n

thi tt nghip v hc tip THCN - H - C

2,97

3,27

Cha bit tng lai ca vic hc ngh nn khng bit hng i

2,81

3,17

i vi hc sinh THCS, cc em dng nh khng c s phn lung quan im

r rng v nhng nguyn nhn khin hot ng hng nghip ti trng mnh cha
thc s hiu qu. Trong khi , cc hc sinh THPT c s phn lung quan im kh
r rt. Cc em cho rng, nguyn nhn khin hot ng hng nghip trng THPT
cn gp nhiu hn ch l do trng Khng c nhiu thi gian t chc cc hot
ng hng nghip (TB: 3,76) cng nh Khng c thy c chuyn trch v cng
tc t vn hng nghip (TB: 3,65). Theo nh gi ca hc sinh th y l hai
nguyn nhn ni tri nht gy nn tnh trng hot ng hng nghip cha c hiu
qu, cc loi hnh hng nghip khng c t chc mt cch thng xuyn, lin tc
khin hc sinh gp nhiu kh khn trong vic chn ngh cng nh cha vng tin khi
chn ngh d c tham gia vo mt s hot ng hng nghip. Thm na, chnh
nhng hnh thc t chc cc bui hng nghip cn ngho nn, rp khun v khng
cung cp nhng thng tin mi v s i thay trong nhu cu nhn lc, cp nht nhng
thng tin mi v cc loi hnh ngh nghip mi cng lm gim cht lng ca cc
hot ng hng nghip.
Cc em cng cp n mt l do thuc v cp qun l l Cha c s phi hp
ng b gia lc lng gio dc v cc on th trong nh trng i vi cng tc
hng nghip (TB: 3,49) cng khin cng tc hng nghip b l l, b b hoc t
171

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

chc nhng khng trit hng n cht lng m ch ch vo hnh thc cng nh
lm chiu l. Vic cha c s phi hp ng b gia cc lc lng gio dc vi cc
on th nh trng trong cng tc hng nghip cng khin cho vic huy ng nhn
lc, kinh ph gp nhiu hn ch, gy nn nhng nh hng thiu tch cc n cng tc
hng nghip cho hc sinh.
3. Kt lun
Nh vy, c th kt lun rng hc sinh thuc mu nghin cu him khi hoc
thnh thong mi c tham gia cng tc hng nghip ti nh trng Trung hc. C
hc sinh THCS v THPT u nh gi rng, nhn chung, hiu qu ca cc hot ng
hng nghip ti trng mnh ch t mc trung bnh v cha p ng c nguyn
vng ca hc sinh v mt chng trnh hng nghip ng b v chuyn su. Cc hnh
thc hng nghip ch t mc trung bnh v ni tri nht l hnh thc: Gio dc
hng nghip trn lp nhng im trung bnh vn cha t mc 3.0 v vn dng
mc trung bnh kh. C nhiu nguyn nhn nh hng n thc trng ny, nhng ni
bt nht, theo quan im ca hc sinh THPT l do trng Khng c nhiu thi gian
t chc cc hot ng hng nghip (TB: 3,76) cng nh Khng c thy c chuyn
trch v cng tc t vn hng nghip (TB: 3,65). y l nhng con s cho thy cn
c nhng bin php cp thit ci thin v gp phn nng cao hiu qu hng nghip
cho hc sinh Trung hc ti Tnh Bnh Dng hin nay.
TI LIU THAM KHO
Ti liu Ting Vit
[1] B Gio dc v o to (2001), Hng dn s dng mt s cng c trong t vn hng nghip, Trung tm Lao ng - Hng nghip.
[2] B Gio dc v o to (2006), Ti liu bi dng gio vin - Hot ng gio dc
hng nghip, H Ni.
[3] Phm Tt Dong (Ch bin) (2000), S la chn tng lai - T vn hng nghip,
NXB Thanh Nin.
[4] Phm Mnh Hng (2006), Gio trnh chuyn Tm l hc ngh nghip, NXB H
Ni.
Ti liu Ting Anh
[1] John W.Syantrock (2006), Psychology, Sixth Edition, MC Graw Hill.
[2] David G.Myers (2001), Psychology, Forth Edition, Woth Publisher.
[3] Janice M.Gueriero, Robert Glenn (1998), Key questions in Career Counseling,
NXB Lawrence Eribaum Association, Inc.
172

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(43).2011

Mt s trang web tham kho

[1] www.huongnghiep.com.vn.
[2] www.tuvanhuongnghiep.vn.
[3] www.tuvanvala.com.

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