SK017/2 Chemistry Paper 2 Semester I Session 2007/2008 (October 2007)

1. (a) Compound A consists of the element C, H and O. The complete combustion

of 4.624g of the compound A yielded 6.557g of CO2 and 4.026g of H2O.
Determine the empirical formula of compound A.

(b) The reaction between acetic acid, CH3COOH and barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2
produces a salt. Determine the maximum mass of the salt obtained if 17.13g of
barium hydroxide is used.

2. (a) Name the two transition elements that show anomaly in their electronic
configurations. Write the electronic configuration and explain your answer.

(b) The first six successive ionisation energies, IE, (MJ mol-1) of element B is as
follows:

IE 1 IE 2 IE 3 IE 4 IE 5 IE 6
1.40 2.86 4.58 7.48 9.44 56.27

Based on the data given, determine the block and group for B. Explain your
answer.

3. (a) Draw the possible Lewis structures for COCl2 and determine the more stable
structure. Explain your answer.

(b) Predict the shape of IF4+ ion.

4. (a) i. Differentiate between end point and equivalence point in a titration.

ii. Sketch a titration curve for the titration of 25.0 mL of 1.00 M NH3
with 0.25 M HCl. Indicate the pH corresponding to the equivalence
point.
(b) Calculate the solubility in g L-1 for calcium fluoride, CaF2.
[Ksp CaF2 = 3.2 x 10-11]

5. (a) State Charles`s law. Explain Charles`s law from a kinetic perspective.

A piston-cylinder holds 7.00 g of CO2 at 160 oC and 110 kPa. How many
grams of CO2 will it hold at 27 oC under the same pressure?

(b) When a solid is heated in a closed container, it undergoes phase changes.

Describe the process.
 6. (a) State the success and failure of Bohr`s atomic model.

Calculate the wavelength for a spectral line produced when an electron falls
from n = 5 to n = 3. Name the series and state the region of electromagnetic spectrum
for the line.

(b) Describe the acid-base character of oxides of elements in period 3. For each
type of oxide, give one example and write a balanced chemical reaction that shows
their acid-base character.

7. What is meant by hybridisation?

Glycine, NH2CH2COOH is one of the essential amino acids. State the types of
hybridisation of C, N and O atoms in the glycine molecule. Draw and label the
overlapping of orbitals showing all the σ and Π bonds formed in the glycine
molecule.

Predict the C-N-H and C-C-O angles in the glycine molecule. Explain your
answer.

8. (a) Two moles of hydrogen bromide, HBr, is placed in a 4 L container. At high

temperature, it decomposes according to the following equation:

2HBr(g) H2(g) + Br2(g)

At equilibrium, the concentration of bromine is 0.1 M. Calculate the
equilibrium constant, Kc and the percentage of dissociation of HBr.

(b) Carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide as follows:

2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g) , ∆H = - 514 kJ

Explain how the amount of CO2 could be increased.

9. (a) What is an indicator?

The properties of some common indicators are given in TABLE 1. Choose

the best indicator for detecting the equivalence point of a titration of a week acid and
a strong base. Explain your answer.

TABLE 1

Indicator pKa Effective colour Colour in acid Colour in base

range pH form form
Methyl orange 4.2 3.1 – 4.4 Red Yellow
Bromothymol blue 7.1 6.0 – 7.8 Yellow Blue
Thymol blue 8.2 7.9 – 9.4 Yellow Blue
Phenolphthalein 9.5 8.3 – 10 Colourless Red
 (b) A 25.00 mL of 0.50 M acetic acid, CH3COOH solution is titrated with 0.50 M
sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution. Calculate the initial pH of the acid solution.

Qualitatively, predict the pH of the solution after the addition of 25.00 mL

NaOH solution. Explain your answer.
[Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 x 10-5]

10. (a) TABLE 2 shows phase equilibrium data for substance D.

TABLE 2

Pressure (atm) Temperature (oC)

Sublimation point 2.5 - 80
Triple point 5.0 - 60
Critical point 40.0 30
Melting point 1 15.0 - 30
Melting point 2 35.0 - 15
Boiling point 1 20.0 10
Boiling point 2 30.0 25

Plot and label a phase diagram for D.

Does D sublime at 20 atm? Explain your answer.

(b) Ethanol, C2H5OH and methanol, CH3OH form an ideal solution. The vapour
pressures of pure ethanol and pure methanol are 6.5 kPa and 10.3 kPa,
respectively at 25 oC. Calculate the vapour pressure of a solution made from
30 g of ethanol and 20 g of methanol at 25 oC.
[C2H5OH = 46; CH3OH = 32]