MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

1.

ANSWER KEY

Signal whose physical quantity varies continuously with time

a. Digital
b. Analog
c. Discrete
d. Information

3.

Digital information is processed with a specified degree of

a. Fidelity
b. Accuracy
c. Sensitivity
d. Correctness

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

c.
d.

A portion in a communications system, which processes the

information so that it will become suitable to the characteristic of
the transmission medium
a. Encoder
b. Modulation
c. Transmitter
d. Multiplexer

2.

4.

dB Noise, AM & FM
Distortion
Interference

12. Signal attenuation can be corrected by

a. Filtering
b. Modulation
c. Equalization
d. Amplification
13. Signal contamination by extraneous or external sources, such as,
other transmitters, power lines and machinery.
a. Noise
b. Distortion
c. Harmonics
d. Interference
14. Which noise figure represents the lowest noise?
a. 1.5 dB
b. 2.0 dB
c. 3.7 dB
d. 4.1 dB

Indicate the voltage level in dB with reference to one volt. This unit
is used in video or TV measurement
a. dBW
b. dBk
c. dBm
d. dBV

15. Denote the interference of noise in dB above an adjusted

reference noise. The adjusted reference noise level was a 1 kHz
tone, set at 85 dBm
a. dBa
b. dBm
c. dBa0
d. pWp

When the power ratio of the output to input of a circuit is 200. What
is the gain in dB?
a. 23
b. 46
c. 23
d. 46

16. A more precise evaluation of the quality of a receiver as far as

noise is concerned.
a. S/N
b. VSWR
c. Noise factor
d. Noise margin

What is the reference level for random noise measurement, FIA

weighted?
a. 82 dBm
b. 90 dBm
c. 85 dBm
d. 77 dBm

17. Noise figure for an amplifier with noise is always

a. 0 dB
b. Infinite
c. Less than 1
d. Greater than 1

A 10 db pad has an output level of -3dBm. The level at the input is:
a. 13 dBm
b. 7 dBm
c. 1 dBm
d. 7 dBm

18. A passive circuit, usually consisting of capacitance and/or

inductance, that is inserted in series with the a-c power cord of an
electronic device which allow the 60-Hz current to pass and
suppressed high frequency noise components.
a. Noise filter
b. Noise limiter
c. Noise floor
d. Noise quieting

A power level of 50 W could be expressed as:

a. 1.69 dBm
b. 4.3 dBm
c. 1 dBm
d. 13 dBm

19. A circuit often used in radio receivers that prevents externally

generated noise from exceeding certain amplitude. They are also
called noise clippers.
a. Noise floor
b. Noise filter
c. Noise limiter
d. Noise clamper

A system having an input power of 2 mW an output power of 0.8

mW has a loss of:
a. 2.98 dBm
b. 3.98 dB
c. 3.98 W
d. 1.98 mW

20. Extra-terrestrial noise is observable at frequencies from

a. 0 to 20 KHz
b. 8 Mhz to 1.43 GHz
c. 5 to 8 GHz
d. 15 to 60 MHz

10. Is the reduction of signal amplitude as it passed over the

transmission medium?
a. Noise
b. Distortion
c. Attenuation
d. Interface

21. Which of the following is not true about AM?

a. The carrier amplitude varies.
b. The carrier frequency remains constant.
c. The carrier frequency changes.
d. The information signal amplitude changes the carrier
amplitude.

11. Signal waveform perturbation or deviation caused by imperfect

response of the system to the desired signal
a. Noise
b. Aliasing
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MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

dB Noise, AM & FM
b.
c.
d.

22. Modulator circuit performs what mathematical operation on its two

inputs?
a. Addition
b. Multiplication
c. Division
d. Square root

3.2 MHz
5 MHz
6.8 MHz

33. What is produced by over modulation in AM?

a. Sidebands
b. Splatter
c. Envelope
d. Deviation

23. If m is greater than 1, what happens?

a. Normal operation
b. Carrier drops to zero
c. Carrier frequency shifts
d. Information signal is distorted
24. The outline of the peaks of a carrier has the shape of the
modulating signal and is called the
a. Trace
b. Waveshape
c. Envelope
d. Carrier variation

34. The letter-number designation B8E is a form of modulation also

known as
a. Pilot-carrier system
b. Independent sideband emission
c. Lincompex
d. Vestigial sideband transmission
35. The inputs to a balanced modulator are 1 MHz and a carrier of 1.5
MHz. The outputs are
a. 500 kHz
b. 2.5 Mhz
c. 1.5 MHz
d. Both a and b

25. The values of Vmax and Vmin as read from an AM wave on an

oscilloscope are 2.8 and 0.3. The percentage of the modulation is
a. 10.7 percent
b. 41.4 percent
c. 80.6 percent
d. 93.3 percent

36. A widely used balanced modulator is called the

a. Diode bridge circuit
b. Full-wave bridge rectifier
c. Lattice modulator
d. Balanced bridge modulator

26. A carrier of 880 kHz is modulated by a 3.5-kHz sine wave. The

LSB and USB are respectively,
a. 873 and 887kHz
b. 876.5 and 883.5 kHz
c. 883.5 and 876.5 kHz
d. 887 and 873 kHz

37. What is the third character in the emission designation for

telephony?
a. F
b. B
c. D
d. E

27. For 100 percent modulation, what percentage of carrier power is in

each sideband?
a. 25 percent
b. 33.3 percent
c. 50 percent
d. 100 percent

38. A 100-MHz carrier is deviated 50 kHz by a 4-kHz signal

a. 5
b. 8
c. 12.5
d. 20

28. An AM signal has a carrier power of 5W. The percentage of

modulation is 80 percent. The total sideband power is
a. 0.8 W
b. 1.6 W
c. 2.5 W
d. 4.0 W

39. The maximum deviation of an FM carrier is 2 kHz by a maximum

modulating signal of 400 Hz. The deviation ratio is
a. 0.2
b. 5
c. 8
d. 40

29. An AM transmitter antenna current is measured with no modulation

and found to be 2.6 amperes. The percentage of modulation is
a. 35 percent
b. 70 percent
c. 42 percent
d. 89 percent

40. The phenomenon of a strong FM signal dominating a weaker

signal on a common frequency is referred to as the
a. Capture effect
b. Blot out
c. Quieting factor
d. Dominating syndrome
41. In a low-level AM system, amplifier following the modulated stage
must be
a. Linear devices
b. Harmonic devices
c. Class C amplifier
d. Nonlinear devices

30. The typical audio modulating frequency range used in radio and
telephone communications is
a. 50 Hz to 5 kHz
b. 50 Hz to 15 kHz
c. 100 Hz t 10 kHz
d. 300 Hz to 3 kHz
31. An AM signal with a maximum modulating signal frequency of 4.5
kHz as a total bandwidth of
a. 4.5 kHz
b. 6.75 kHz
c. 9 kHz
d. 18 kHz

42. If the carrier of a 100 percent modulated AM wave is suppressed,

the percentage power saving will be
a. 50
b. 150
c. 100
d. 66.66

32. An input signal of 1.8 MHz mixed with a local oscillator of 5 MHz. A
filter selects the difference signal. The output is
a. 1.8 MHz

43. A pre-emphasis circuit provides extra noise immunity by

a. Boosting the bass frequencies
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MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

b.
c.
d.

ANSWER KEY

dB Noise, AM & FM

Amplifying the higher audio frequencies

Pre-amplifying the whole audio band
Converting the phase modulation to FM

54. Stages that are common to both AM and FM receivers

a. Tuner, local oscillator, detector, AF amplifier
b. RF amplifier, mixer, IF amplifier, AF amplifier
c. Local oscillator, RF amplifier, frequency discriminator,
detector
d. Tuner, IF amplifier, detector, AF amplifier

44. One of the following transmits only one sideband

a. H3E
b. R3E
c. J3E
d. B8E

55. In a narrow-band FM system, the deviation ratio is commonly one

and the highest audio frequency is generally limited to
a. 300 Hz
b. 10,000 Hz
c. 3,000 Hz
d. 7,500 Hz

45. _____ is an electronic instrument used to show both the carrier

and the sidebands of a modulated signal in the frequency domain
a. Spectrum analyzer
b. Oscilloscope
c. Digital counter
d. Frequency counter

56. Which of the following contains de-emphasis circuit?

a. FM transmitter
b. FM receiver
c. VHF transmitter
d. VHF receiver

46. AM transmission power increases with _____

a. Frequency
b. Source
c. Load
d. Modulation
47. What type of emission is frequency modulation?
a. F3E
b. G3E
c. A3E
d. B3E

57. The term used to refer to the reduction of receiver gain caused by
the signal of a nearby station transmitter in the same frequency
band?
a. Quieting
b. Cross-modulation interference
c. Squelch gain rollback
d. Desensitizing

48. What is the carrier swing of an FM transmitter when modulated by

75%?
a. 53.2 kHz
b. 48 kHz
c. 56.25 kHz
d. 112.5 kHz

58. What is the approximate bandwidth of an FM with a modulation

factor of 12.5 and a modulating frequency of 10 kHz?
a. 20 kHz
b. 270 kHz
c. 250 kHz
d. 45 kHz

49. An increase in transmitter power from 25 W to 30 W will cause the

antenna current to increase from 700 mA to
a. 800 mA
b. 750 mA
c. 767 mA
d. 840 mA

59. An amplifier operating over the frequency range of 455 to 460 kHz
has a 200 k input resistor. What is the RMS noise voltage at the
input to this amplifier if the ambient temperature is 17C?
a. 40 V
b. 4.0 V
c. 400 V
d. 4.0 mV

50. _____ is the function which tends to maintain the sound volume
level of a voice receiver nearly constant for a large signal strength
range
a. Squelch
b. Muting
c. AGC
d. AFC

60. Calculate the noise figure of the amplifier whose Req equals 2518
(RT = 600 ) if its driven by a generator whose output
impedance is 50
a. 39.4
b. 3.94
c. 394
d. 0.394

51. An FM receiver with an I-F of 10.7 MHz is tuned to 98.7 MHz.

What is the numerical value of the image frequency?
a. 77.3 MHz
b. 88.0 MHz
c. 109.4 MHz
d. 120.1 MHz

61. A receiver connected to an antenna whose resistance is 50 has

an equivalent noise resistance of 30 . Calculate its equivalent
noise temperature if the noise figure is equal to 1.6
a. 17.4 K
b. 174 K
c. 1.74 K
d. 17 K

52. The function which tends to silence the receiver in the absence of
transmitted carrier
a. Squelch
b. Muting
c. AGC
d. AFC

62. Which of the following is not a source of external noise?

a. Thermal agitation
b. Auto ignition
c. The sun
d. Fluorescent lights

53. The term used to refer to the condition where the signals from a
very strong station are superimposed on other signals being
received
a. Cross-modulation interference
b. Intermodulation interference
c. Receiver quieting
d. Capture effect

63. What is the noise voltage across a 300 input resistance to a TV

set with a 6 MHz bandwidth and temperature of 30C?
a. 2.3 V
b. 3.8 V
c. 5.5 V
d. 6.4 V
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MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

dB Noise, AM & FM
d.

64. If bandwidth is doubled, the signal power is _____

a. Not changed
b. Quadrupled
c. Tripled
d. Doubled

Detector

75. The superheterodyne circuit uses a local oscillator to _____ with

the RF signal of the station and converts the carrier to the
intermediate frequency
a. Beat
b. Mix
c. Heterodyne
d. All of the above

65. In an FM transmitter, what is the result of over modulation?

a. Lower frequency
b. Distortion
c. Higher power
d. Excessive bandwidth

76. The local FM stereo rock station is at 96.5 MHz. What must be the
local oscillator frequency?
a. 93.9 MHz
b. 107.2 MHz
c. 112.5 MHz
d. 105.9 MHz

66. What are the basic elements of communications system?

a. Source, transmission channel, transmitter
b. Transmitter, receiver, transmission channel
c. Information, transmission channel, receiver
d. Sender and receiver

77. A superheterodyne is tuned to 2738 kHz. The IF is 475 kHz. What

is the image frequency?
a. 3.09 MHz
b. 4.5 kHz
c. 4385 kHz
d. 3688 kHz

67. A network that has an input of 75 dB and an output of 35dB. The

loss of the network is _____
a. -40 dB
b. 40 dB
c. -40 dBm
d. 40 dBm

78. In an FM receiver, which circuit removes amplitude variations?

a. Exciter
b. Mixer
c. Discriminator
d. Limiter

68. If an amplifier has equal input and output impedances, what

voltage ratio does the gain of 50 dB represent?
a. 316.2
b. 325.2
c. 320.1
d. 315.0

79. In an FM receiver, the circuit that keeps the receiver tuned exactly
to the desired station is _____
a. AFC
b. AGC
c. Limiter
d. Discriminator

69. An interfering signal with a frequency equal to the received signal

plus twice the IF is called
a. Image frequency
b. Center frequency
c. Rest frequency
d. Interference frequency

80. What connects the front-end circuit of a VHF TV superheterodyne

receiver?
a. Mixer, RF amplifier and AFC
b. RF amplifier, Band pass filter and mixer
c. Local oscillator, mixer and RF amplifier
d. Local oscillator, AGC and antenna

70. Subcarriers that are arranged so that the channels occupying

adjacent frequency band with some frequency space between
them is known as
a. Guard bands
b. AM bands
c. Band gap
d. Void band
71. What is the lowest number of sections required by communications
receiver?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
72. What determines the selectivity of a receiver?
a. The bandwidth of the tuned circuits
b. The gain of the amplifier
c. The power handling capability
d. The frequency stability
73. For an IF frequency of 455 kHz, what must be the LO frequency
when receiving a 580 kHz transmission?
a. 1035 MHz
b. 1.035 MHz
c. 3.51 MHz
d. 351 kHz
74. What circuit accompanies a mixer?
a. RF Amplifier
b. LO
c. IF Amplifier
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