1

For more Notes, Presentations, Project Reports

visit a2zmba.blogspot.com
hrmba.blogspot.com
mbafin.blogspot.com
Overview of Paper Industry
The Indian paper industry has been historically divided on a three dimensional matrix
identified by size, grades manufactured and raw material utilized. Generally, tariff
rates have protected smaller units utilizing unconventional raw material. Over the
years, the growth of various segments, investments levels in specific segments,
technological changes, industry fragmentation and intensity of competition have
been significantly influenced by the Government tariff policy. The present Excise duty
on Paper is 12 %. The Government of India from time to time has given some
benefits to small industries in order to protect them i.e. the first 3500 tones produced
by a mill is chargeable only @ 8 % and thereafter it is @ 12 %.
The three main grades of paper manufactured in India are :1. Newsprint
2. Writing and printing.
3. Industrial Variety ( Craft paper and Duplex Board )
Over 550 players currently populate the industry and the estimated capacity is about
7.00 million Metric Tones Per Annum (MTPA). Fragmentation is severe in the
industrial (packaging) grades, which rely on unconventional raw material such as
waste paper and partly agro residues. This division generally comprises of units with
an average size of about 10000 MTPA and contributes to 45% of the output of paper
and paper boards in the country. Although the other divisions in the Indian paper
industry are also fragmented by international standards, the degree of fragmentation
is less severe. Newsprint till about 1995, was the sole preserve of large public
sector units and was well protected by high import tariff barriers. Nevertheless,
imports contributed to about 50% of the domestic consumption. Since then, new
domestic capacity with private investment has been allowed to be created. This

growth has relied namely on De-inked waste paper as a source of raw material.
Currently import duty on newsprint is about 5% and domestic manufacture of
newsprint is exempted from excise duty. This tariff structure for newsprint has seen
Indian newsprint price closely mapping international prices. Imports still constitute
about 30% of consumption and newsprint contributes about 10% of the total
production of paper and paperboards. The number of players in the newsprint
segment is relatively limited and manufacturing capacities are larger than in the
packaging grades segment. Historically, the bulk of the output of Cultural grades
comprising of writing, printing, office stationery paper and specialty paper has been
the preserve of large producers, who use forest based raw material in integrated
pulping facilities augmented by imported pulp. This segment has been consistently
taxed at higher rates due to its size and use of conventional forest based raw
material. Investment in plant has also been higher. With relatively smaller number of
players and high import tariff protection, prices of end products, generally perceived
to be higher quality, have been high.
Import tariff levels, although much lower now, still continues a significant barrier to
imports. The high investment levels required and limited conventional fiber
resources are the major deterrents to growth in this segment for both existing players
as well as new entrants. Lower end cultural grades manufactured by smaller
players using unconventional raw materials in low investment, low tech plants cater
to consumers in the price sensitive sub segment of this market. This sub segment
depends significantly on the tariff differential based on size and raw material for its
viability.
The Indian Paper industry is going through substantial changes. Global demand for
paper is expected to grow by about 4% p.a. over the next 5 years. The domestic
demand is expected to grow at about 8% which will result in increase of demand by
30 Lakh tones approximately over the next 5 years. It is expected that customs duty
on import of paper will decrease from the current level to the level of 10% over a
period of time due to WTO compulsions.
The import of raw material for paper including pulp, waste paper and news print is
likely to increase by at least 15% to 20% in 2005-06 to keep up with growing demand

for paper in the domestic market. Despite to the constraints like over crowded market
and limitation in procuring the desired quality of waste paper, there are indicators of
a revival in the Indian Paper Industry. In the current year, selling price has marginally
increased and enabled the industry to partially offset the rise in cost of inputs, fuel &
labour.
The paper industry has an important social role to play for the country. Use of paper
is considered as an index of cultural growth. Key social objectives of the Government
like eradicating illiteracy, making primary education compulsory etc. are very much
related to the paper industry. The paper industry is also contributing towards
fulfillment of various requirements of the industry as a whole like information
dissemination, publicity etc. which in turn stimulate industrial growth of the country.
The paper industry has, thus, a catalytic role to play not only for the overall growth of
the industry but also for the living standards of the people. The new millennium is
going to be the millennium of the knowledge. So demand for paper would go on
increasing in times to come. Because of paper industrys strategic role for the society
and also for overall industrial growth, it is necessary that the paper industry performs
well.

FUTURE PROSPECTS
The globalisation of Indian economy has lead to a healthy growth of 6 to 7% industry
and that is growth happening in all the sectors. Moreover the Per Capita
consumption of paper in India is going up with the advent of packaging in the food
industry. Due to environmental concerns, the use of plastics is likely to be banned by
the Government of India within a short span of time. Hence within 2 to 3 years we
will be witnessing an explosive growth of packaging in India mainly in food, textile
and export segments.
The exposure to foreign packaging technology and the need to satisfy the export
customers has led to a drastic change in the industrial packing sector. The

corrugators have started using high BF, high GSM paper instead of the regular
grades and shifting from 7 ply and 9 ply boxes to 5 ply and 3 ply boxes. The above
change has resulted in more aesthetic and cost effective packing solutions. There is
a very good potential market developing for such grades of paper in India. The
market of high quality Kraft paper is now catered only by few manufactures from
western and northern parts of the country. With the above changes in the industry it
would be in the best interest of our company to put up a Kraft paper plant of 100 MT
per day producing high B.F., higher GSM paper and exploit the emerging market
situations better. The company envisages the following advantages by going for such
a plant as follows:
l) Most of the existing paper mills in South India operate with single wire machine,
which can produce up to 24 BF only, whereas the new plant intended to be set up by
SSPML is a twin wire machine which can produce high quality Kraft paper of 24 BF
to 40 BF which is sold in the market at a premium. l By making high end paper in
south India the company stands to gain a lot in terms of logistics costs when
compared to the competition. l SJPML got the advantage of cost benefit while
importing raw materials and exporting finished product. l The possibility of exporting
substantial quantity of the production to near by countries like, Sri Lanka and eastern
African countries is also bright. This may also be substantiated from the fact that
paper exports have risen at a CAGR of 14 % pa from 105000 tonnes in the year
2000 to 179000 tons in the year 2004. As a strategic measure to expand the
international operations of the company, the company has already started a new
business division International Business Unit to handle the international marketing
operations of the Company.
2) The company intends to manufacture the paper by using Twin Wire Technology
and also plans to incorporate all latest equipments to have a cost effective
production. The twin wire technology employs two wires drawing pulp stock from two
separate head boxes. The arrangement is in such a way that the wet webs come into
contact before going to the press.

3) At present the Company is employing single wire technology wherein the pulp
stock flows from the head box and gets distributed uniformly for further dewatering,
pressing and drying to form a sheet of paper.

The twin wire technology is superior than the single wire technology due to the
following factors:
1. Improves formation of paper.
2. Improves strength properties of paper namely, Burst factor, Tear
factor, Tensile strength and Ring crush test values.
3. Reduces Cost of Production.
The company will be able to derive the synergies of the existing plants and position
itself as a largest Kraft paper manufacturer in south India by the installation of the
plant. The market expectation for the increased production

Capacity, Production, Raw Material and Import

Government has completely de-licensed the paper industry w.e.f. 17th July, 1997.
The entrepreneurs are now required to file an Industrial Entrepreneur Memorandum
with the Secretariat for Industrial Assistance for setting up a new paper mill or
substantial expansion of the existing mill in permissible locations.
The industry is a priority industry for foreign collaboration and foreign equity
participation up to 51% receives automatic approval by Reserve Bank of India.
Foreign investment even up to 100% is approved by FIPB on case to case basis.
Several fiscal incentives have also been provided to the paper industry, particularly
to those mills which are based on non-conventional raw material.

There are, at present, about 515 units engaged in the manufacture of paper and
paperboards and newsprint in India. The country is almost self-sufficient in
manufacture of most varieties of paper and paperboards. Import, however, is
confined only to certain specialty papers. To meet part of its raw material needs, the
industry has to rely on imported wood pulp and waste paper. The production of paper
and paper board during the year 2001-02 is 31.62 lakh tonnes.
The proportion of non-wood raw material based paper is increasing over the years.
At present about 60.8 per cent of the total production is based on non-wood raw
material and 39.2 per cent based on wood.
The performance of the industry has been constrained due to high cost of production
caused by inadequate availability and high cost of raw materials, power cost and
concentration of mills in one particular area. Several policy measures have been
initiated in recent years to remove the bottlenecks of availability of raw materials and
infrastructure development. To bridge the gap due to short supply of raw materials,
duty on pulp and waste paper and wood logs/chips have been reduced. The capacity
utilization of the industry is low at 62% as about 194 paper mills, particularly small
mills, are sick and/or lying closed. Several policy measures have been initiated in
recent years.
Imports of paper and paper products were growing over the years. However, it has
decreased during 2000-2001.

Demand and Supply gap in Paper Industry

Indian paper industry is the 15th largest in the world and provides employment to
1.3mn people in the country contributing Rs.25bn to the Government. The industry

has recorded a volume growth of CAGR of 5.47% over the last 3 years. In 2003-04,
it recorded a volume growth of 6%, in line with the GDP growth. Indian paper
industry has a 1:1 correlation with the economy. The demand for paper is linked to
the GDP Growth. The government is planning to target a GDP Growth of about 10%
in 2-3 years. With this increase in the GDP growth the paper sector is expected to
record a similar growth rate.
The Indian paper industry has an installed capacity of 6.7mn tons while, the effective
capacity is estimated to be lower at 6.15mn tons. The industry produced 5.26mn
tons of paper in 2003-04. Newsprint capacity in India is estimated at 1.12mn tons
however, domestic production is only 0.59mn tons, while consumption of newsprint is
1.1mn tons. Favorable demand - supply scenario to keep prices firm
The demand for paper is influenced by various macro-economic factors like national
economic growth, industrial production, promotional expenditure, population growth
and the Governments allocation for the educational sector. Domestic demand for
paper is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6-7%. Indias paper demand is expected to
touch 8mn t.p.a by 2010. A leading global paper industry consultant projects a
shortage of about 0.7mn tpa by 2010.
Proposed capacity expansions:
Capacity expansions (which cost 50% less than new capacities) have been
announced by most players, but would take 1-2 years to be operational. Capacity
expansions of over 600,000 tons have been announced by the 7 large players in the
sector

WTO Impact
WTO as discussed the implication of Indian Paper and Newsprint Industry as part of
its negotiations and implications. The Indian Paper Industry has important place in
the industrial landscape. The paper industry has a strong backward linkage with
forests and environment on one hand and consumers of a variety of products on the
other hand. The manufacture of paper through pulp of wood or of other fibrous
cellulosic material has been discussed at length. However, recovery of waste or
scrap for paper and paperboard manufacture has been looked at from different angle

in the classification of products of Indian Paper Industry. In fact the paper industry
which are eco friendly imports lot of waste paper into the country in the
manufacturing of paper and paper board. Generally WTO implication is applicable to
all the industries. How ever, in respect of paper industry where waste paper is the
raw material and which is eco friendly, the impact is not harsh. SSPML is into
manufacturing of paper out of the waste paper and is an eco friendly project.

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, PERMISSIONS & TAXES

1. Central Excise:
Central Excise is levied @8% for the first 3500 MT production and thereafter @12%
on the value of the invoice. The Company is availing permitted Modvat benefits as
per Central Excise regulations. For import duty paid on waste paper procured from
overseas the Company is entitled to adjust the entire duty paid component as that of
Modvat credits.

2. VAT (Value Added Tax):

VAT replaces the existing multipoint taxes levied by various states with effect from
April 05. As that of other industries, the paper trade is also covered under VAT for
domestic sales done in the state of Kerala. However for interstate sales CST is
continued to be levied as per existing Government regulations.

3. Service Tax:
Being classified as a manufacturing industry, the industry even for Job Work on
conversion basis will not be subjected to Service Tax requirements. A recent
notification from Central Government also confirms such a stand.

4. Factory Licenses:
All the licenses required under Municipality Act, Factories Act are obtained and duly
renewed.

5. Pollution Control:
Necessary permission under effluent discharge Act is obtained and the facilities
required to maintain the permission are in place.

AVAILABILITY OF DOMESTIC WASTE PAPER

Waste paper recovery system in India is very unorganized and unplanned . As a
result, large quantities of waste paper get diverted for cheaper packaging and other
uses or get destroyed as rubbish. Bulk of waste paper collected by street collectors
in metropolitan cities goes to household paper bag manufacturers. Due to lack of any
grading/ classification system in context of waste paper, no sorting or segregation is
done at source and so most of the waste paper varieties are collected in commingled
form. The probable sources of waste paper collection are as under:
Waste

Paper Examples

Source
Domestic refuse
Industrial refuse
Office refuse
Trade refuse
Road Sweeping

Newspaper, magazines, board cartons.

Corrugated boards, duplex & other packaging board, paper
sacks etc.
Ledger files and papers from Govt. offices,
Universities & large business organizations.
Boards trimmings from converters
& packaging
manufactures, paper savings from printers
Newspapers and magazines are usually recycled directly as
wrapping and packaging papers by the grocers and pretty
traders and therefore they are not available for mills in their
first rejection. Other fibrous domestic refuse probably find their
way as road sweepings.

In India, collection of office refuse has not been very high mainly due to
unavailability of a viable collection system. In practice, more than 80% of the paper
consumed in India is being collected, of which only 20% is being made available
to paper industry and the rest 60% is usually diverted for other diversified /
secondary uses such as wrapping, packing etc.

10

The developed countries, which are the major players in paper recycling business,
have a well defined and planned waste paper grading system in place, which
facilitates the collection of recovered paper sorted in grades with a limited mixture of
fiber types. Due to limited capacities of landfill sites and (municipal) incineration
plants, increasing waste disposal costs and environmental awareness a wide range
of legislation / directives in various countries have

been imposed which has

promoted material recycling and reduced further , the generation of waste that
requires disposal in appropriate facilities. These regulations set responsibilities for
taking back used paper products and packaging material independent of the public
disposal system and recycling them.
In India, however, no such regulations / law / directives are in force to promote use of
recyclable resources, as a result of which the recovery of used paper is also low. As
per the statistics available , the Indian paper industry is using more than 70% of
imported waste paper in its total waste paper consumption . The

general

issues

related with use of imported waste paper in Indian Paper Industry are:

Inconsistency in quality and varieties of waste paper grades.

High level of contamination i.e. prohibitive & out throws.

Price fluctuation in the international market.

High price for good quality waste paper i.e. low to negligible

contamination

level.

High ash content in paper leading to low fiber yield / t paper and generation of
inorganic sludge.

ISSUES RELATED TO WASTE PAPER BASED MILLS

In spite of the fact that waste paper processing for paper making is considered to
be an eco friendly process , there are certain technological & environmental issues
still associated with waste paper based mills which needs to be addressed to
improve its environmental compatibility.
Technological Issues :

11

The main objective of recycled fiber processing is the removal of contaminants and
elimination of their effects as much as necessary to meet quality requirements.
Removal of contaminants makes recycled fiber processing systems significantly
more complex than systems for virgin fibers. There are several unit operations /
stages viz. slushing, screening, cleaning, flotation, disperger etc. to remove the
contaminants from recycled fiber stock. The technology is well established to
produce newsprint, packaging grades and fine papers and most of the mills in USA,
Europe have state-of-art technology for processing of recycled fiber. In India,
however, most of the recycled fiber based mills do not have appropriate system
configuration for efficient processing, as a result the quality of finished paper is low.
The level of technology in majority of mills is obsolete. The operational efficiency of
equipments and machines are also considerably below the optimum level . Due to
lack of appropriate configurations, the amount of rejects generated are also high
and is a major source of solid waste generated in such mills .
Environmental Issues :
Among the environmental issues associated with recycled fiber mills , solid waste
disposal and management is the subject of main concern.

Deinkined sludge

generated from deinking plants in mills using printed waste paper for producing
writing & printing grade of paper , consists of mainly fillers and coating pigments,
fibers, fiber fines, printing inks and adhesive components. A characteristic feature of
the deinking sludge is its high ash content in the range of 40% - 70%. Traces of
heavy metals may also be present in some cases. In most of the cases the heavy
metal content is insignificant and sometimes even below the detection limit. The
another important issue reported recently is the clandestine import of other
waste like plastics, metal and cloth / rags etc (technically defined as prohibitive and
out throws) along with waste paper.
OBESRVATION & REMARKS :
Generally the waste paper being imported in the country are recovered in
segregated form as per the request of the importer. However, some cases have been
reported wherein municipal solid waste constituting of plastics, metal cans and
cloth / rags etc (technically defined as prohibitive and out throws) have been illegally

12

imported in grab of imported waste paper This has led to the need of defining /
formulating the permissible limits for the contaminants like plastics, metal cans and
cloth / rags etc. in the imported paper . At present, no data /guideline is available on
this issue Therefore; it is recommended to undertake an indepth study on this
issue so as to evolve permissible limits for prohibitive and outthrows in the
imported waste paper consignments entering into the country .

13

CORPORATE PROFILE
M/s Shree Jagdambe Paper Mills Limited(SJPML), incorporated in July, 1980 as
a private limited Company, commenced its commercial production of Semi Kraft
Paper on single production line in March, 1982 with an installed capacity of 1950
M.T. per annum based on agro residue.

In the year 1985-86 the capacity was

increased to 3000 M.T. per annum & later in 1987-88 to 5000 M.T. per annum by
adding certain balancing equipments. In 1990, SJPML added another production
Line and increased the capacity to 10000 M.T. per annum. In 1993-94 the plant has
been operated at 95% capacity utilization to give a production of 9587 M.T.
SJPML has

been promoted by Shri Man Mohan Kumar Goyal,

Kumar Goyal, Shri Surender Kumar Goyal, Shri Anil

Parveen Kumar Goyal who have

Shri Ramesh

Kumar Goyal

professional background.

and

Shri

SJPML has been

converted into a Limited Company on 28.12.94 and also enhanced its production
capacity from 10000 M.T.

At present to 20000 M.T. per annum through

Modernization- cum-Expansion Scheme.

During the year 1994-95 an other sister unit of
SJPML for manufacture of Kraft Paper was incorporated as Shree Sita Ram
Paper Mills Ltd., at Village Nanasanja Taluka Jagadia, Distt Bharuch (Gujarat) with
installed capacity of 20000 MT per annum. As
accepted in open

market,

but due

product of the company is well

to Government policies of liberalising

international trade, Import duty on Kraft Paper was reduced resulting dumping of
Paper in India by multinational Companies and same also became a reason for
down in production for the year 2001 to 2003. Similarly Excise Duty was also
increased between 1994-95 to 2000-2001 from 0% to 5% and then to 8% and 16 %
( 2002-2003).

14

BRIEF PARTICULARS OF THE COMPANY

The Company was incorporated under the name & style of M/s Jagdambe

Paper

Industries(P)Ltd.,

dated

vide

certificate

of incorporation

No.H-10725

31.07.1980, with Registrar of Companies, Delhi & Haryana, (New Delhi). The
name of the Company was changed to Shree Jagdambe Paper Mills (P) Ltd., on
10.02.1994. Now Companys constitution has been changed to that of a Limited
Company on 28.12.94. The Company has
General of Technical Development,
India for

manufacturing

No.1020(89)DLR

expansion of capacity

itself with

Directorate

Delhi, Ministry of Industry, Government of

of Paper

dated 17.11.1989

registered

&
for

to 20000 M.T.

Paper
10000

Board
M.T.

vide

Registration

And memorandum for

Has been filed with SIA as

per

acknowledgement dated 23.08.94.

BRIEF PARTICULARS ABOUT PROMOTERS OF THE COMPANY

The Project was promoted by Shri Murli Dhar Jhuthran and Shri Ramesh Kumar
Goyal. Shri Murli Dhar Jhuthran retired as Director in 1982. After then promoters
were Shri Man Mohan Kumar Goyal, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, Sh
Ramesh

Kumar

Goyal, Managing

Director, Sh Surender Kumar Goyal,

Director(Sales), Sh Anil Kumar Goyal, Director(Production), Sh Parveen Kumar

Goyal, Director (Personnel).
Shri Man Mohan Kumar Goyal started his career at the age of
17 years by joining his father's Brick Kiln business. Being the eldest son of late Sh
Ram Saran Dass Goyal, he was involved in planning and managing all business
activities of the family. He has hands-on experience in running brick kilns,

15

Manufacturing of steel utensils, ice, managing agency, business of cement & match
boxes, petrol filling station and all properties. In
manufacturing of paper and now he is

1980,

he came

into

the

an established Industrialist with a 14

years of experience in paper manufacturing. Sh Man Mohan Kumar Goyal resigned

from director ship of the company w.e.f. 15.12.2001 & shifted to Gujarat to look
after day to day affairs of sister company Shree Sita Ram Paper Mills Ltd.,

Shri Surender Kumar Goyal, B.A., started his career by joining family business.
Later he was instrumental in setting up of M/s Aggarwal Ice Factory. In 1982, he
joined the captioned company as Director (Sales). He has been instrumental in
developing network of dealers/agents and monitoring sales.
Shri Anil Kumar Goyal, Chartered Accountant started his
career by joining SJPML in the year 1984. Being an Accountant by profession he
could read, analyze and plan the business to make the operations cost effective.
Shri Parveen Kumar Goyal, B.A.started his career in 1981
at the age of 18 years and joined SJPML. Due to his strong human relation trits he
was also given the responsibility of handling personnel functions and inducted as
Director, in 1984. Sh Parveen Kumar Goyal resigned from director ship of the
company

w.e.f. 15.12.2001 & shifted to Gujarat to look after the day to day

affairs of sister company M/s Shree Sita Ram Paper Mills Ltd., Bharuch

16

LOCATION OF MANUFACTURING PLANT AND ITS BRANCHES

SJPML has free hold land measuring 126 kanal 13 marla, situated at Begu

Road,

Sirsa. Site is on metalled road about 2 K.M. from Sirsa. City in the municipal limits
nearest railway station is 3 K.M. at Sirsa.

Works sector:

Begu Road, Sirsa (Haryana)

Sector: Medium Scale Industry

Registered Office : 161, Deepali, Pitampura, Punjabi
Bagh, Delhi

Branch : Shree Jagdambe Paper Mills Ltd.,

11, Jeet Building, Phase Ist,
Ashok Vihar,
Delhi

NAME OF THE SISTER COMPANIES/CONCERNS

a)

Shree Sita Ram Paper Mills Ltd.,

Taluka Jagadia, Village NanaSanjha,
Distt. Bharuch (Gujarat)

Shree Sita Ram Paper Mills Ltd., incorporated in the year 1995 is sister company of
Shree Jagdambe Paper Mills Ltd., involved in manufacturing of Multi Liner Craft
Paper having production capacity of 20000 MT per annum.
b)

Shree Amba Paper (P) Ltd.,

73/4, Village Ghavera,
Delhi

c)

Ahmedabad Chemical Trading (P) Ltd.,

44, Ekjot Apartments,
Maduban Chowk,
New Delhi

17

Both of two companies are the sister companies of Shree Jagdambe Paper Mills Ltd,
based at Delhi, involved in trading for various types of paper and paper board.

OUR CUSTOMER
A loyal customer base is SJPML biggest quality endorsement. The institutional
customers comprise brand-enhancing names like Action Shoes, Micro Teck, Lakhani
Shoes Ltd., among others.

CUSTOMER SERVICE
The SJPML takes a holistic approach in the business of making paper and customer
relationship enjoys a priority in this. The SJPML customer service stands for
dependable quality, every possible choice and anytime product availability.

Convenience : We provide customers the benefit of staggered delivery so that

they do not need to keep a large inventory at their end; this maximises working
capital efficiency

Customer service : We weave the marketing and manufacturing functions

together. Quick and punctual delivery has added to customer convenience

PROCUREMENT OF RAW MATERIALS

Main raw material for the company is corrugated boxes/waste paper which is
purchased through local suppliers. Company has adopted inventory control system
for purchase Raw material. Decision for making purchase is taken by the Executive
Director (Purchase) after considering the indents for requirement of raw materials,
received from the production department. Director (Purchase) is assisted by team of
purchasers, who calls quotations from different suppliers of raw materials.

18

RAW MATERIAL MANAGEMENT

Director (Purchase) after considering lowest quotations along with sample of raw
material, place order for supply of raw material.
TESTING/CHECKING OF RAW MATERIAL
After receipt, consignment of raw material is weighted at companys own weighing
bridge. Weight as per companys weighing bridge is tallied with the weighing slip as
produced by the supplier of raw material. Bill of the material is also collected by the
gate office for their necessary inward material entries. Weight of the raw material is
tallied with the weighing slip/bill of the supplier. If the weight is not tallied with the
weighing slip/bill due to shortage, it is immediately informed to supplier/driver. A
written consent on the back side of bill is taken for information of shortage to
supplier. Vehicle is then allowed to go to raw material godown for unloading with
prior intimation to quality checking supervisors.
Raw Material Quality Supervisor got unloaded the material in his presence. Sample
from different bundles of raw material is taken for checking of quality/moisture etc. If,
moisture is found in any bundle, sample of same is handed over to laboratory
technician, who tested the percentage of moisture in the material. A report is being
prepared by Lab. Technician for moisture and other prohibited contents like plastic
strips, kaccha material, reel core material etc. present in the lot of raw material.
Report is also signed by Lab. Incharge as well as supplier of material. Weight of
moisture/other prohibited contents present in the material is deducted from the total
weight of material. Lab. Report so prepared, is forwarded to Director (Purchase) for
his information and signature purpose. Copy of the report is then given to supplier of
raw material. If, supplier does not accept weight of moisture/prohibited contents he is
allowed to take his material back.
Copy of the report, is attached with bill of supplier and handed over to gate
department for entries in their inward receipt register. Rates of different type of raw
materials are as under :-

19

1.

Corrugated Cartoons (Fresh)

Rs.8000/- PMT

2.

Corrugated Cartoons (used)

Rs.7000/-

,,

3.

Corrugated Cuttings (Fresh)

Rs.6800/-

,,

4.

Corrugated Cuttings (Old)

Rs.6500/-

,,

5.

Media (Kaccha Material)

Rs.5500/-

,,

6.

Media (Core Pipes)

Rs.5000/-

,,

MANUFACTURING PROCESS ;
Paper is manufactured

using corrugated cartoons/waste

paper, Chemicals and

water. The manufacturing process can be bifurcated in to four stages.

A) PULPING :
Corrugated Boxes/Waste Paper after cutting and dusting feed in to the pulpers for
pulping. The waste paper can directly be beaten and washed in the beaters for
pulping.
B) PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF STOCK :
Pulp, as it, is not fit for being converted in to paper and

must undergo some

preparatory treatment depending on the end product. Before going to the paper
machine, the stock

must

be

prepaid uniformly with a fixed thickness and be

screened and refined by crushing so that it may be reduce in to fixed thickness

with uniform properties in a uniform speed. The treatment is carried out in appratus
called refiner and sizing agents like alum, dyes, loading materials are added in the
process to develop its strength. The main flow of pulp which is freed from tailings
in the vibrating screen and fine pulp sieved out from the tailings are put together
and sent to the centricleaners which work quite efficiently in removing fine dust.

20

C) PAPER MAKING :
Prior to going in to the paper making machine the stock which has gone through
necessary treatments, is diluted in the mixing

box, down

to

the

required

consistency with the use of back water generated in the paper making process.
Similarly speaking, the paper making machine performs its function in this way :In the pulp stock which goes over travelling wire the fiber is separated from water
& sheets of paper is formed. The wet sheet is pressed dried and smoothened by
going through several sets of roll machines. To get M.G.Kraft Paper, the sheet is
then passed through M.G.Dryer which imparts glaze to the paper. Paper is finally
wound up by means of pop-reel machines. The out put of a paper machine is
determined by the trimmed width of paper, the speed of machine and grammage of
paper.
D)FINISHING OF PAPER :
Paper and board intended for sale in reels and cut sheets is rewound & cut to
certain fixed measurements. Defective paper and board sheets are removed . The
rejected produce is returned to pulping section and mixed into the main flow of pulp
stocks.
DISPATCHES
Reels so prepared, is then wrapped by plastic cloth and clipped with the help of
plastic strips. Supervisor on duty mark a serial number, size and grammage on each
reel for the purpose of identification. Wrapped reels are then weighted through
electronic weighing scale. Weight as shown on the display is written in the reel by
the supervisor. Supervisor also maintained a register in which he entered weight of
each reel along with serial number of the reel. Reel is then shifted in finished goods
godown from where it is dispatched as per orders received. Complete record of reels
manufactured and reels dispatched are forwarded to account office.

21

QUALITY CONTROL :
SJPML has got a well equipped laboratory with all the latest equipments for test
cobb value, Tear Factor, Burst Factor, Consistency, Degree SR and Grammage
etc.
NET WORK OF SALES
SJPML has a wide range of net work of dealers spread all over the India, which
covers mostly all the states of India.
CLIENTS
SJPML keeps stringent control over quality for consistent quality which has helped
it have clients like :a)

Micro Tek, Parwanoo

b)

Action Shoes, Delhi

c)

H.P.Cotton Textiles Mills Limited, Hissar

d)

Baldeo Mange Lal, Ujjain

e)

Patel Paper Box, Udaipur

f)

Perfect Pack Ltd., Faridabad

g)

Lakhani Group of Industries, Faridabad

h)

Ravi Sons, Chandigarh

i)

Kamal Boxes, Jalandhar

j)

Jay Ambe Overseas, Surat

k)

Industrial Packers, Daman

l)

Meiyappa Paper, Chennai

22

EMPLOYEES CAPACITY
Details of employees are as under :1.

Repair & Maintenance Staff

15

2.

Engineering & Manufacturing Staff

18

3.

Clerk

10

4.

Supervisors Connected with Process

5.

Supervisors Connected with Production

6.

Supervisor Connected with Despatches

7.

Supervisor Quality Checking

8.

Officer Staff

9.

Security

SHREE JAGDAMBE PAPER MILLS LTD., SIRSA

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Waste Paper
Along with 12% Normal Moisture,

23
Stapple Pins & Adhesives)

CONVEYOR

PULPER

SAND TRAP

DUMPING
CHEST
HIGH
DENSITY
CLEANER
TURBO

THICKNER

VACCUM
BOXES

PRESS NO.1

WIRE PART

PRESS NO.2

HEAD BOX
CENTI
CLEANER

DRYER

M.G.DRUM

FLOW BOX
MACHINE
CHEST
MIXING CHEST
NO.2

ALUM
REFINER
ROSIN

REELER
REWINDER

FINISH
PRODUCT

Solid Waste to Boiler/ETP

REMMUNERATION OF WHOLE TIME DIRECTOR

Sri Surinder Kumar Goyal
Sri Surinder Kumar Goyal a Post Graduate in Commerce and has been in the
services of the Company as Director (Sales) since the incorporation of the Company.
He will be entitled to the following remuneration as fixed at the Board meeting
Committee and as approved at the Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of
the Company , in accordance with the provisions of Section 311, 198, 269 and 309
read with Schedule XIII and all other applicable provisions if any of the Companies
Act, 1956 or any statutory modifications or re-enactment thereof.

24

1.

Salary Rs. 30000/- per month

2.

Commission : N.a.

3.

Perquisites House rent allowance at the rate of 50% (fifty

percentage) of the Salary
Medical expenses:- Medical expenses for the Director
and his Family subject to a ceiling of one months salary in a
year or three months salary over a period of three years
Personal Accident insurance an amount of the annual premium of which
does not exceed Rs. 12000/Gratuity payable Not to exceed half a months salary for each completed
year of service. Provision of Car for use on Companys business and
Telephone at residence Perquisites shall be evaluated as per Income tax
rules, 1962 wherever applicable.

Sri Anil Kumar Goyal

Sri Anil Kumar Goyal a Chartered Accountant is in the services of the Company as
Director (Finance) since the incorporation of the Company. He will be entitled to the
following remuneration as fixed at the Board meeting Committee and as approved at
the Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company , in accordance
with the provisions of Section 311, 198, 269 and 309 read with Schedule XIII and all
other applicable provisions if any of the Companies Act, 1956 or any statutory
modifications or re-enactment thereof.
1.

Salary Rs. 30000/- per month

2.

Commission : N.a.

3.

Perquisites House rent allowance at the rate of 50% (fifty

percentage) of the Salary
Medical expenses:- Medical expenses for the Director

25

and his Family subject to a ceiling of one months salary in a

year or three months salary over a period of three years
Personal Accident insurance an amount of the annual premium of which
does not exceed Rs. 12000/Gratuity payable Not to exceed half a months salary for each completed
year of service. Provision of Car for use on Companys business and
Telephone at residence Perquisites shall be evaluated as per Income tax
rules, 1962 wherever applicable.

Sri Rakesh Kumar Goyal

Sri Rakesh Kumar Goyal a Graduate in Commerce and has been in the services of
the Company as Director since 1996. He will be entitled to the following
remuneration as fixed at the Board meeting Committee and as approved at the
Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company , in accordance with
the provisions of Section 311, 198, 269 and 309 read with Schedule XIII and all other
applicable provisions if any of the Companies Act, 1956 or any statutory
modifications or re-enactment thereof.

1.

Salary Rs. 25000/- per month

2.

Commission : N.a.

3.

Perquisites House rent allowance at the rate of 30% (fifty

percentage) of the Salary
Medical expenses:- Medical expenses for the Director
and his Family subject to a ceiling of one months salary in a
year or three months salary over a period of three years

26

Personal Accident insurance an amount of the annual premium of which

does not exceed Rs. 12000/Gratuity payable Not to exceed half a months salary for each completed
year of service. Provision of Car for use on Companys business and
Telephone at residence Perquisites shall be evaluated as per Income tax
rules, 1962 wherever applicable.

Sri Manoj Kumar Goyal

Sri Manoj Kumar Goyal a Graduate in Commerce and has been in the services of
the Company as Director since 2000. He will be entitled to the following
remuneration as fixed at the Board meeting Committee and as approved at the
Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company , in accordance with
the provisions of Section 311, 198, 269 and 309 read with Schedule XIII and all other
applicable provisions if any of the Companies Act, 1956 or any statutory
modifications or re-enactment thereof.
1.

Salary Rs. 20000/- per month

2.

Commission : N.a.

3.

Perquisites House rent allowance at the rate of 30% (fifty

percentage) of the Salary
Medical expenses:- Medical expenses for the Director
and his Family subject to a ceiling of one months salary in a
year or three months salary over a period of three years
Personal Accident insurance an amount of the annual premium of which
does not exceed Rs. 12000/Gratuity payable Not to exceed half a months salary for each completed
year of service. Provision of Car for use on Companys business and

27

Telephone at residence Perquisites shall be evaluated as per Income tax

rules, 1962 wherever applicable.

DETAILOF DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS

Finance/Administration Department
Mr. Anil Goyal is a Chartered Accountant, has a distinguished career in the
area of Corporate Finance and brings with him a unique combination of skills
from Accounting, Costing, Secretarial Services and Financial Management.
He started his career in 1985 and added to his profile significant skills in the
areas of Taxation, Costing, Insurance, Working Capital Management, Project
funding by way of debt from multinational agencies, raising equity etc. Ever
since he joined SJPML he has been instrumental in bringing in the financial
discipline and analysis that helped the Management to take various cost
effective decisions. He has made significant contributions in identifying the
financial institutions for sourcing the funds for the Mill Development Plan.

Accounts Department
Accounts Department has also been supervised by Sh Anil Goyal, Director
Finance under assistance of Accounts Manager & Accounts Assistances.
Under his supervision and new ideas company has a modern and high-tech
accounting software and a well established computer lab.

Purchase Department
Purchase of raw material is supervised by Sh Manoj Goyal, Director
Purchase. Director Purchase is assisted by Purchase Manager and Raw
Material Quality Managers.

Production Department
Production is supervised by Sh Rakesh Goyal, Director Production. He is
assisted by the Production Manager and Plant Supervisors. He is the key

28

contributor to the process of developing the Quality Assurance and R&D

Functions in the organization. His contribution in customer development and
customized product development has been unparalleled. Later on with his
abilities in technical and administrative skills, took over the role of managing
the Production Operations. He is specialized in the areas of Technical Sales,
Customer service, and Product development. He is the critical In-house
Resource for various Learning Events being conducted in various technical
areas.

Dispatch Department
Dispatch Department has also been supervised by Sh Rakesh Goyal. He is
assisted by supervisors and dispatch clerks.

HR. Department
SJPMLs Human Resource Processes are rooted in business priorities,
market realities and long term oriented. Inherent in them are the qualities like
innovation, continuous learning and improvement in the work processes,
talent identification and nurturing. SJPML through its concerted efforts aims
at becoming the most preferred employer in the Industry and create one of the
best places to work in the manufacturing sector.
Our HR processes stem from the faith in Human Potential and its Creative
Power. Our work culture that enable its Human Resources enjoy professional
freedom. Our Learning Center is a forum where unique learning events take
place as a part of the process of institutionalization of continuous learning.
The compensation package of the SJPML matches with the Industry
Standards with qualities of flexibility, valuing talent and encouraging career
growth.

29

Our Performance Management System encourages its Human Resources to

add value and increase their contribution to the growth of the organization on
a continuous basis thereby guarantees timely reward and recognition.

Maintenance Department
Extensive monitoring, analysis, and control would optimize
mechanical/electrical systems, manage energy usage, pinpoint problem
sources, and avoid unnecessary downtime.
For electrical maintenance SJPML has flexible solution with comprehensive
energy consumption logs and immediate access to a range of electrical
parameters, presenting information remotely via the company's existing
computer network. Power Measurement offered the right set of capabilities
with its energy management software, installed on distributed workstations,
and a network of intelligent power meters. The system proved to be a
valuable aid in the design and operation of electrical installations. Further
operational savings are being realized, especially related to fast alarm
response, and the system's modular architecture facilitates affordable growth
of all energy management applications.

Energy Conservation
SJPML has always been concerned and committed to improve the mill energy
performance levels continuously. Basically because it realizes that natural energy
resources available are finite with no way of replenishing the quantum consumed
and also heavy investments are required for energy sector for meeting the demands
and these resources are to be consumed with prudence to conserve the energy. For
SJPML, conservation of energy has become a way of life. It reflects and manifests
itself in all the endeavors. SJPML realizes that this not only is a means to improve
competitiveness, enhance profitability but also is a source of moral responsibility.

30

To achieve the above objectives of energy performance, SJPML has constituted an

independent Energy Conservation Department and engaged reputed proven Energy
Consultants as early as in 1987 for energy audit, 1990-91, 1996-97, 2001-02 for
detailed energy audit with mass; and energy balance and in 2007 for energy audit.
These studies are conducted for identification and implementation of energy saving
proposals, reduction in energy cost and wastage with improved housekeeping and
monitoring practices. The department is bestowed with the functions of bringing
awareness of; importance of energy to the employees by conducting in house
training programs, by organizing energy conservation week celebrations, Energy
Conferences, etc.
The Energy Conservation department prepares and monitors daily energy
performance of the mills through computerized daily energy performance reporting
system. SJPML has installed energy meters and measurement devices for all energy
inputs like power, water, steam, fuels, compressed air and condensate return. The
energy performance report indicates the figures of today and till date against best
achieved norms for immediate comparison and for identification of variances on total
and specific energy consumption figures of various sections of the mill for all the
above energy inputs.
These daily reports are put for specific discussions on energy performance in daily
production meetings, for taking effective corrective actions. The detailed monthly
energy performance reports are also presented in monthly executive performance
review meetings for identifying areas of improvement and for making; necessary
exclusive decisions.
Energy Consumption:
SJPML, being an integrated pulp and paper mill, consumes steam and power for the
production. Steam is generated not only for the process, but also captive power
generation. The fuel for steam generation is husk, the solid waste dust generated in
the process is also used as fuel.

31

The Mills has operating TG sets for co-generation, Double-Extraction-Condensing

type of 12 MW capacity and fully condensing set of 5 MW capacity. The 12 MW and
5 MW steam turbo generator sets are operated continuously.
In the year 2006-2007 the fuel consumed in the boilers for process steam
requirements and the power generation is a total of 197274 Tons out of which
108579 tons is used for process steam 88695 tons for power generation.
Energy Conservation is an ongoing process. Realizing the need for energy
conservation, SJPML puts its efforts for improving the energy performance on
continuous basis.
Description of the energy conservation schemes
Installation of energy efficient booster water pump in paper machines.
Mill water header pressure is maintained at 2.6 kg/cm2. The pressure could not be
reduced to 2.2 kg/cm2 due to bleach plants pressure requirement at 2.5 kg/cm2.
Booster water pumps of 2.5 kg/cm2 pressure are installed in bleach plant and mill
water pressure is reduced to 2.2 kg/cm2. Investment is Rs. 6.5 lakhs, savings Rs.
4.43 lakhs per annum and simple payback period is 8 months.
Conversion of non-lubricating type compressor into lubricating type and installation
in paper machines:
Compressors are unitized in power block area . The removed compressor is
converted to non-lubricating type and installed in paper machines there by unitizing
four numbers of compressors in that area.
Installation of energy efficient vacuum pumps in paper machines:

32

Paper Machine commissioned in 1966 has old version vacuum pumps of N14 E
model. Two pumps are replaced with Nash make energy efficient pumps of 904 M2
model.

SAFETY & ACCIDENT PREVENTION

1.

The Safety and Accident Prevention activities at SJPML are monitored by a

participative safety committee with equal number of members from
Management and Workmen. This committee is in existence since 1976. There
are 3 department level safety sub-committees, which look in to local level
safety and accident prevention activities in collaboration with the Safety
Committee and Safety Department. The Safety Department is manned by
qualified safety officers and other administrative assistance.

1.

Accident Reporting and Investigation :

All the accidents and near miss accidents are reported and investigated and
reviewed by the Safety Committee. The accident data is analyzed and Safety
Performance is measured monthly, quarterly and yearly and communicated to
concerned depts. and higher authorities.

2.

Identification of Hazards :
Frequent inspections are being carried out by using checklists. The Safety
Committee and Sub-committees also inspect the plants regularly.

3.

Safety Systems :
Safety Work Permit System and Danger Tag System are in use for carrying
out repair and maintenance works, hot works in fire prone areas, entry in to
confined space, work on roof, excavation, etc.

4.

Safety Training :

33

General and need based training is given regularly to all employees including
cont. workmen

5.

Motivation :
National Safety Day is celebrated every year. Many competitions like slogans,
stories, posters, essays, etc. are organized on the occasion of National Safety
Day Celebrations every year. An accident reduction contest is organized.
.

6.

Publicity :
Posters, Slogans, Bulletins, etc. are displayed through out plant Safety
Magazine is published

7.

Personal Protective Equipment :

Shoes are provided once in a year to all employees including contract
workmen Helmets are provided to all employees All other Personal Protective
Equipment is issued based on the need Some equipment like Self Contained
Breathing Apparatus; Canister Masks, PVC suits etc. are kept in the depts. for
use whenever and wherever those are needed

8.

Emergency Planning & Preparedness & Response

Emergency Plan is made and copies distributed to all concerned personnel.
Periodic mock drills are being organized
Emergency control centers established. Active role is being played in
preparation of Off Site Emergency Plan being made by District Emergency
Authority.

9.

Occupational Health :
Occupational Health Centre is established. One doctors and 2 nurses are
working in Occupational Health Centre. It is operated round the clock
Periodical medical exams are being carried out for the identified personnel.

34

This includes X-rays, Clinical examination; Blood exam; Lung function test;
audio metric, stool exam; eye exam as per the requirement under Factories
Act 1948

ENVIRONMENT CELL AT SJPML

SJPML has established a separate, dedicated ENVIRONMENT CELL for Water and
Air pollution abatement, which indicates the commitment of the Industry in controlling
the pollution.
ENVIRONMENT LABORATORY:
Environment Cell is having an exclusive Environment Laboratory equipped with
modern monitoring/testing facilities. Testing facilities available at Environment
Laboratory.
Water and Waste Water Testing
AOX Testing
Stack Monitoring Facilities
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Meteorological Station with automatic data logger
The Environmental issues are reviewed in the daily coordination meeting chaired by
Vice President (Operations).
WATER POLLUTANTS AND TREATMENT MEASURES WASTE
WATER TREATMENT:
The main pollutants in the effluent discharged are Suspended Solids, B.O.D, and
C.O.D etc. The wastewater from the mills is treated in Effluent Treatment Plant
consisting of Primary Treatment to remove the suspended solids and Secondary
Treatment (Activated Sludge Process) to remove B.O.D and C.O.D and then treated

35

by Land Treatment process to remove even the Colour of the effluents. SJPML is the
only mill discharging effluents upstream and drawing water from down stream.
PRIMARY TREATMENT:
Wastewater is passed through bar screens and perforated screens to remove any
foreign material and pumped to primary clarifiers (2 Nos.). of each 7500 M 3. The
settleable solids are removed from the bottom and clarified effluent from the top of
the clarifier is taken to Secondary Treatment.
SECONDARY TREATMENT (ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS):
The effluent from the Primary Treatment is taken to an aeration tank of 25000 M 3
volume. There are 11 Nos. of mechanical surface aerators, each of 75 HP. Nutrients
like Urea and SSP (Single Super Phosphate), are dosed in to the aeration tank as
food to the bacteria. From the aeration tank the effluent is taken to the secondary
clarifiers (2 Nos.) of 6000 M3 each. The effluent after Secondary Treatment is
pumped to Land Treatment.
LAND TREATMENT:
It is a well recognized fact that top layer of the soil maintains a Micro Environment
within which soil Flora and Fauna decompose varieties of organic matter. Thus, top
layer of soil can be utilized for the treatment of Biodegradable Organic Waste water.
Several conventional (natural, physical and biological) treatment processes occur in
Land Treatment. Considering such capability of land for treating wastewater, land
treatment is well recognized as Living Filter all over the World. As wastewater is
discharged on land for treatment, part of it infiltrates down wards and part
evaporates and part gets transpired by Plants. The remaining portion gets utilized
under the influence of Land as Living Filter.
The removal of constituents from wastewater by filtering and straining action of soil
are excellent in this RI system. B.O.D, T.S.S & Faecal Coliform are almost
completely removed. It is also observed that the effluents after percolation through
land is void of colour. The soil seems to be working as colour removal media which is

36

otherwise prohibitively expensive treatment. This is an additional benefit achieved

through Land Treatment.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES:
In Paper Manufacturing Process steam is required at various stages. For generating
the steam the Mills has installed five Coal Fired Boilers and three Recovery Boilers,
where in the black liquor is fired in the furnace to recover and reuse the valuable
chemical in the process. The Mill also installed one Rotary Lime Kiln where the lime
sludge (CaCO3) is burnt to get burnt lime (CaO) to reuse in the Causticizing Process.
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS:
The emissions from the boilers contain dust particles (Suspended Particulate Matter,
SPM) and contain gases like Sulphur dioxide and Hydrogen sulphide etc,. In order to
control the dust particles and gases from the boilers the Mills has installed most
modern sophisticated Electro Static Precipitators as Pollution Control Equipments to
all the nine stacks.
INCINERATION SYSTEM:
The Company has taken an altogether different approach to eliminate odour
completely and installed Non-Condensable Gases Handling System consisting
of Collection, Transportation and Incineration of NCG. The system is first of its kind
in Pulp and Paper Industry in India to control Odour problem.
Thus the Mill is fully conscious of its social obligations towards the abatement of air
pollution and had spent quite a lot of money towards pollution control measures and
striving hard and putting all its sincere efforts for minimizing the pollution from the
mills.

37

RECOMMENDATIONS OR SUGGESTIONS
During my training in SJPML, I have got exposure of so many things related to
this field. I am very grateful to SJPML to offer me such an opportunity. I feel that
it is my responsibility to recommend some suggestions these will ultimately for
the benefit of the company. Some important recommendation or suggestions are
as under:1.

SJPML should check its supply & distribution channels. Presently company is
selling their product through commission agents network. If company, sell its
products through agencies/dealer network, company could get better
realisation.

2.

SJPML mostly deals in cash payment/advance payment transactions. If the

company allows some credit period to the consignor, sales realisation &
marketing position of the will automatically improve.

3.

Paper manufactured by the company is mainly used by the corrugated units

for manufacture of corrugated boxed used for packaging. Presently improved
global market demands corrugation in different colours & different patterns. If
the company install such equipments through which they can manufacture
packing paper in different colours, market position of the company will
improve globally.

4.

Presently company does not accept any order which is less than 10 M.T.
There are many consumers with small-corrugated units in surroundings areas.

38

But due to policy of company they are not able to purchase product of the
company. So, it is necessary company should change its policy to enhance its
infrastructure.
5.

Presently Company does not have any sales in south region. Company
should advertise its product in south region to achieve better orders.

6.

Companies Officer should held regular visits to their clients, end user with this
they are able to find out any problem prevailing in market.

7.

Company should improve its packing section.

Presently reels of paper

manufactured are packed in Hession cloth(Jute). It is better for the company

if they start using plastic cloth for packing of reels which is much cheaper &
strong than hession cloth

LIMITATIONS:
The extent to which study is reliable, it is important to note the limitations under
which the study has been conducted. These limitations are as follows:10.

Due to shortage of time it was not possible to cover all the network of the
Company.

11.

It being my first attempt to undertake such a study, thus inexperience is also a

obstacle to accomplish the project in proper way.

12.

It is also difficult for me to get information about some other confidential

clients of the company.

For more Notes, Presentations, Project Reports

visit a2zmba.blogspot.com
hrmba.blogspot.com
mbafin.blogspot.com