c







BY
K.BHAVYASRI
ROLL NO- 100809885005
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
0SMANIA UNIVERSITY
 ï


˜Introduction
˜Functions
˜Ideal properties
˜Formulation
˜Quality control
˜References
þ
R 


Ý
 —
 

A shampoo may be described as
a cosmetic preparation meant for
the washing of hair & scalp,
packaged in a form convenient for
use.

4
¬ In
olden days soap cakes were
used for washing hair,but today

¬ Development of synthetic
detergents has revolutionized the
shampoo market.
5
 Æ


˜Cleansing the hair

˜Sebum secreted by scalp

˜Sweat residue

˜Other external matter

6
 —  
1. Ease of application

þ. Lather power

Ý. Removal of debris

4. Ease of rinsing

7
5. Low level of irritation

6. Well preserved

7. Good stability

8. Economical

9. Fragrance

8
 Æ 

˜ Detergents / surfactants

˜ Pacifying agents

˜ Clarifying agents

˜ Sequestering agents

˜ Conditioning agents
9
˜ Thickening agents

˜ Foam boosters

˜ Activators

˜ Preservatives

˜ Special additives

10
 ˜ Foam & foam
c
stability

  ˜ Detergency and
 cleansing action
˜ Eye irritation
˜ Oral toxicity
˜ pH test
˜ Skin irritation test
˜ Viscosity
measurement
11
 Æ    

˜ i   

¬ Measuring foam height & foam stability.

¬ þ00ml of a shampoo solution falls

through an orifice into a glass column
containing 50ml of the shampoo solution.

¬ Height of the column is measured at

specific times.

1þ
i  

1Ý
 Ã


ï



˜ Wool yarn grease test

14
¬ Place 5 grams of wool yarn in grease
in þ00ml of water containing 1 gram of
shampoo in a flask.

¬ Temperature of water should be Ý5°C.

shake the flask for 4 min at the rate of
50 times a minute.

¬Calculate the amount of soil removed

under experimental conditions.

15
  

¬ Instill 0.1 ml of test
substance in
conjuctival sac of one
eye of 9 albino
rabbits.

¬ Divide rabbits in three

groups comprising of
three rabbits each.
16
˜ Ã

  


17

 

¬Oral toxicity can be given in terms of its lethal

dose 50 ( LD/50 ) i.e., number if gms of the
material per kg of body weight required to kill
half of the test animals used.

¬Fasting cage animals are taken & dosing is

accomplished with the help of stomach tube.

¬Lower the LD/50 the greater the toxicity.

18
¢ 




19
¬ Soap based shampoos are more
effective in pH of 9.0-10.0.

¬ Synthetic detergent based shampoos

are effective pH range of 6.0-9.0.

¬ pH can be measured with the help of

pH meter.

þ0
 R 



˜ Ã¢


þ1
¬ A set of 6 rabbits is used for testing
each material.

¬ Shampoos should be tested only for

a short duration, that is, not more
than 4 hrs as these products come in
contact with the skin only for a short
duration.

þþ
¬ These preparations are diluted before
use, hence a test concentration of 8-
10% is recommended.

¬ The patches are removed after 4 hrs &

the skin sites like oedema, erythema or
escher formation.

¬ The products may then be classified as

mild irritant, moderate irritant & severe
irritant.
þÝ
 á 



˜Brookfield's viscometer

þ4
 i
i  
˜=

  
 

  
 

= 
=   !

˜"
#

$

% & &
 '

 
( 
 )**+,= 
=  

˜,   $
#-,

.


 )**+( 
=
/0*1

00* 
þ5
¢